CN109161407B - Device and method for biomass high-adaptability and high-efficiency positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler - Google Patents
Device and method for biomass high-adaptability and high-efficiency positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
- C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
- C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for a biomass high-adaptability and high-efficiency positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler, wherein the device comprises the following steps: the fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe, fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe lower extreme is equipped with the gasifier plenum, and fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe one side is equipped with stokehold bin, and gasifier plenum one side is equipped with the gasifier air-blower, and fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe one side is equipped with cyclone, and cyclone lower extreme is equipped with the material return ware, and the bin outlet of material return ware is connected in fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe lower extreme, cyclone upper end is connected in cyclone through the pipeline, cyclone upper end is connected in the heat exchanger through the pipeline, and the heat exchanger is connected in coal fired boiler through circulating line. The biomass gas is cooled by extracting the flue gas of the low-temperature section of the boiler, so that the biomass gas is safer and more stable than the heat conduction oil. In addition, when changing biomass raw materials, still can realize high-efficient gasification and steady operation through moderate regulation overgrate air volume and returning charge ware riser steam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy utilization, in particular to a device and a method for a high-adaptability and high-efficiency positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler of biomass.
Background
In recent years, the development of the energy industry in China is relatively lagged behind the pace of the overall development of national economy, and the energy industry in China faces very serious challenges; meanwhile, environmental and sustainable development problems caused by the widespread use of non-renewable energy sources such as fossil fuels have plagued most countries around the world. Therefore, accelerating the utilization of renewable energy sources is an important way for advancing the development of diversification and cleanliness of energy source supply.
The biomass resource yield of China is rich and the reserves are stable. In recent years, the technology of gasification before feeding biomass to a boiler for combustion power generation is demonstrated in a certain industrialization way. From the theoretical analysis and engineering practice, the biomass gasification coupling coal-fired unit power generation technology can realize efficient power generation, is mature and stable, is easy to operate, and represents the coupling power generation industry trend. At present, the biomass gasification coupling power generation project adopts a negative pressure gasification process, which has strict requirement on the air tightness of the system, otherwise, the air leakage easily causes gas explosion. Compared with biomass gasification, the research of coal gasification technology has been over a hundred years, the technology is mature, and the normal pressure fluidized bed coal gasification technology developed by Ludgy is basically adopted for producing fuel gas power generation. In the coal positive pressure gasification process, a part of cold fuel gas is generally extracted to seal the lock hopper. However, if the cold gas leaks, personal safety is compromised and even an explosion accident is caused, so that the cold gas pipeline needs to have high tightness. In addition, as different types of biomasses and ash forming characteristics have large differences, the gasification conditions of the riser of the circulating fluidized bed gasifier and the circulation of bed materials are greatly influenced, so that the original design of the gasification system is only aimed at certain raw materials, and other biomass raw materials cannot be applied in formal production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for a biomass high-adaptability and high-efficiency positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
The technical problems solved by the invention are realized by adopting the following technical scheme: an apparatus for biomass positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler, comprising: the fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe, fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe lower extreme is equipped with the gasifier plenum, fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe one side is equipped with stokehold bin, and stokehold bin upper end is connected with the lock and fights, gasifier plenum one side is equipped with the gasifier air-blower, the gasifier air-blower passes through the blast pipe to be connected in the gasifier plenum, fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe one side is equipped with cyclone, the cyclone lower extreme is equipped with the material return ware, and the bin outlet of material return ware is connected in fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe lower extreme, cyclone upper end is connected in cyclone through the pipeline, cyclone upper end is connected in the heat exchanger through the pipeline, and the heat exchanger is connected in coal fired boiler through circulating line, coal fired boiler's tail gas pipeline is connected in lock and fight, stokehold bin through the conveyer pipe.
Further, a steam nozzle is arranged on a pipeline at the lower end of the cyclone separator, the angle between the steam nozzle and the pipeline is R, and the range of R is 10-80 degrees.
Further, a secondary air nozzle is arranged on the upper side of the air chamber of the gasification furnace, and the air blower of the gasification furnace is connected with the secondary air nozzle through a blast pipe.
A method for coupling biomass positive pressure gasification with a coal-fired boiler, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the air blower sends air into the fluidized bed gasification furnace riser from the gasification furnace plenum and the secondary air nozzle at the upper part of the gasification furnace; biomass raw materials enter a gasification furnace through a lock hopper and a stokehold bin; gasifying air and biomass in a furnace;
step 2: the biomass fuel gas generated by gasification carries solid particles to enter a cyclone separator; the biomass semicoke with larger particle size is collected by the cyclone separator and enters the material returning device, and the biomass semicoke returns to the hearth by the material returning device to continue to participate in the reaction; the biomass ash with smaller particle size enters a cyclone dust collector along with biomass gas, is collected by the cyclone dust collector and is discharged;
Step 3: the low-pressure superheated steam enters the riser of the material returning device from a steam nozzle arranged at the riser of the material returning device, and the steam source adopts auxiliary steam of a boiler;
step 4: delivering the flue gas with the low temperature Duan Chouqu to 200-300 ℃ of the boiler into a heat exchanger to cool biomass fuel gas, cooling the fuel gas to 350-500 ℃, and delivering the fuel gas into a coal-fired boiler for combustion through a fuel gas pipeline; the flue gas is heated by biomass fuel gas and then sent back to the boiler for utilization.
Further, the inside of the fluidized bed gasifier riser and the gasifier plenum is positive pressure.
Further, in the smoke discharging system of the coal-fired boiler, a part of tail gas is extracted to seal the biomass lock hopper and the stokehold bin.
Further, the secondary air volume of the secondary air nozzle accounts for 10-20% of the air supply volume of the blower.
Further, the steam quantity injected into the vertical pipe is 5-15% of the blast quantity of the gasification furnace, and the inclination angle R of the steam inlet pipeline at the vertical pipe is 10-80 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The negative pressure gasification process needs high tightness, otherwise, air leaks, and gas explosion easily occurs when exposed fire happens. By adopting the positive pressure gasification process, even if the gas leaks, the gas is always lower than the lower explosion limit, and the outside has no open flame, so that the possibility of gas explosion is low. In addition, when gas is leaked, the gas alarm can be triggered, and the gas can be timely processed. Therefore, the positive pressure gasification process is adopted, and the safety of the whole system is high.
(2) In the coal gasification industry, cold fuel gas is mostly adopted to seal a coal lock hopper. And for a biomass gasification coupling coal-fired boiler system, a part of tail gas can be extracted from a boiler smoke exhaust system to seal a biomass lock hopper and a stokehold bin. The boiler tail gas is sufficient, and the temperature is lower, is suitable for sealing a lock hopper and a stokehole bin. Simultaneously, the pressure of the lock hopper and the stokehold bin can be controlled by adjusting the air inflow of the flue gas. In the operation process, the pressure of the stokehole bin is ensured to be higher than the pressure of the charging port, so that accidents caused by high-temperature fuel gas flowing into the stokehole bin of the gasifier can be avoided; when the stokehole bin is charged, the pressure of the lock hopper is ensured to be higher than that of the stokehole bin, and the discharging of biomass is facilitated.
(3) The secondary air arranged at the upper part of the gasification furnace can improve the temperature of the middle and upper parts of the gasification furnace and improve the gasification intensity of the middle and upper parts of the gasification furnace.
(4) Through careful design and repeated verification, the efficiency of the cyclone separator reaches more than 95 percent, and the biomass semicoke with small particle size can be collected, so that the cyclone separator can be suitable for various biomass raw materials. On the one hand, because the secondary air is arranged at the upper part of the furnace, the temperature of the circulating ash is inevitably raised, and the steam is sprayed, so that the temperature of the circulating ash can be reduced, and the phenomenon that the temperature of the inside of the returning device exceeds Wen Jiezha is avoided. On the other hand, the efficiency of the cyclone separator can be adjusted by adjusting the steam quantity and the included angle between the spray pipe and the vertical pipe, so as to control the circulating ash quantity in the furnace. In addition, the injected steam can react with biomass charcoal of the material returning device to generate combustible gas, so that the gasification efficiency is further improved.
(5) The biomass fuel gas is cooled by extracting the flue gas at 200-300 ℃ from the boiler, so that the cooling of the fuel gas can be realized, and the technical requirements of equipment such as pipelines, valves and the like are met; and tar precipitation caused by excessive temperature reduction of biomass fuel gas can be avoided. The flue gas heated by the biomass gas is sent back to the boiler, thereby realizing the maximum utilization of biomass energy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a steam nozzle installation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, creation features, working procedure, and use method of the present invention easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted in a broad sense, for example, they may be fixed connection, may be detachable connection, or integrally connected to be mechanical connection, or may be electrical connection; either directly or indirectly, or through an intermediary, or in communication with the interior of two elements, it will be apparent that the embodiments described are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a device for biomass positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler comprises: the fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe 3, fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe 3 lower extreme is equipped with gasification furnace plenum 8, fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe 3 one side is equipped with stokehold bin 2, and stokehold bin 2 upper end is connected with lock hopper 1, gasification furnace plenum 8 one side is equipped with gasification furnace air-blower 9, gasification furnace air-blower 9 passes through the blast pipe and connects in gasification furnace plenum 8, fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe 3 one side is equipped with cyclone 4, cyclone 4 lower extreme is equipped with back feed device 7, and back feed device 7's bin outlet is connected in fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe 3 lower extreme, cyclone 4 upper end is connected in cyclone 5 through the pipeline, cyclone 5 upper end is connected in heat exchanger 6 through the pipeline, and the heat exchanger is connected in coal fired boiler 10 through circulating line, coal fired boiler 10's tail gas pipeline is connected in lock hopper 1, stokehold bin 2 through the conveyer pipe.
A steam nozzle 701 is arranged on a pipeline at the lower end of the cyclone separator 4, the angle between the steam nozzle 701 and the pipeline is R, and the range of R is 10-80 degrees; steam enters the vertical pipe from the steam nozzle, firstly, the temperature of circulating ash in the furnace can be necessarily increased due to the introduction of secondary air, and the temperature of the circulating ash can be reduced due to the introduction of steam, so that the phenomenon of over-temperature coking of the material returning device is avoided. Secondly, the introduced steam reacts with biomass semicoke, so that the gasification efficiency of the whole system is improved.
The upper side of the gasification furnace air chamber 8 is provided with a secondary air nozzle 301, the gasification furnace blower 9 is connected with the secondary air nozzle 301 through a blower pipe, and the temperature of the upper middle part of the gasification furnace is increased through secondary air distribution, so that the gasification strength of the upper middle part of the gasification furnace is improved.
A method for coupling biomass positive pressure gasification with a coal-fired boiler, comprising the following steps:
step 1: the blower 9 sends air into the fluidized bed gasifier riser 3 from the gasifier plenum 8 and the overgrate air nozzle 301 at the upper part of the gasifier; biomass raw materials enter a gasification furnace through a lock hopper 1 and a stokehold bin 2; gasifying air and biomass in a furnace;
step 2: the biomass fuel gas generated by gasification carries solid particles to enter a cyclone separator 4; the biomass semicoke with larger particle size is collected by the cyclone separator 4 and enters the material returning device 7, and returns to the hearth by the material returning device 7 to continue to participate in the reaction; the biomass ash with smaller particle size enters a cyclone dust collector 5 along with biomass gas, and is collected and discharged by the cyclone dust collector 5;
Step 3: the low-pressure superheated steam enters the riser of the material returning device from a steam nozzle 701 arranged at the riser of the material returning device, and the steam source adopts auxiliary steam of a boiler;
step 4: delivering the flue gas with the low temperature Duan Chouqu to 200-300 ℃ of the boiler into a heat exchanger 6 to cool biomass fuel gas, cooling the fuel gas to 350-500 ℃, and delivering the fuel gas into a coal-fired boiler for combustion through a fuel gas pipeline; the flue gas is heated by biomass fuel gas and then sent back to the boiler for utilization.
The inside of the fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe 3 and the gasification furnace air chamber 8 is positive pressure. The purpose is that the whole system is high in safety by adopting a positive pressure gasification process.
In the smoke exhaust system of the coal-fired boiler 10, a part of tail gas is extracted to seal the biomass lock hopper 1 and the stokehold bin 2. Aims at replacing air in the lock hopper and the stokehold bin by utilizing boiler tail gas, and avoiding accidents caused when high-temperature fuel gas carelessly enters the stokehold bin and the lock hopper. Simultaneously, the pressure of the lock hopper and the stokehold bin is regulated by controlling the air inflow of the flue gas, so that the pressure of the stokehold bin is higher than the pressure of the charging port, and the high-temperature fuel gas of the gasifier is prevented from flowing into the stokehold bin; and when the stokehole bin is fed, the pressure of the locking hopper is regulated to be higher than the pressure of the stokehole bin, so that the stable operation of the feeding system is realized.
The secondary air volume of the secondary air nozzle 301 accounts for 10-20% of the air supply volume of the blower. The purpose is that under the premise of ensuring the normal fluidization of the bed material in the gasifier, 10-20% of air is fed to the upper part of the gasifier by a blower, the temperature of the middle and upper part of the gasifier can be increased, and the overtemperature in the gasifier can not be caused by overlarge air quantity.
The steam quantity sprayed into the vertical pipe is 5-15% of the blast quantity of the gasification furnace, and the inclination angle R of a steam inlet pipeline at the vertical pipe is 10-80 degrees; the aim is that the circulating ash quantity in the furnace can be regulated by regulating the steam quantity section and the steam spraying angle, so that the stable operation in the furnace can be realized as soon as possible.
Example 1: by adopting the positive pressure gasification coupling system, the raw materials are straw briquettes, the feeding amount is 3t/h, the primary air supply is 2556Nm 3/h, and the secondary air supply is 505Nm 3/h. The temperature of the dense phase zone and the temperature of the furnace top of the gasification furnace are 762 ℃ and 759 ℃ respectively. And (3) extracting the tail gas of the boiler to replace the air of the front bin and the lock hopper, keeping the pressure of the front bin higher than the pressure of the charging hole of the gasification furnace, and enabling no fuel gas to enter the front bin from the charging hole in normal operation. The boiler flue gas with the temperature of 200 ℃ is extracted and sent into a heat exchanger to cool biomass fuel gas, and the temperature of the fuel gas at the outlet of the heat exchanger is 350 ℃. And opening a steam valve, and adjusting the steam flow to 150N m 3/h.
The inclination angle R of the steam inlet spray pipe and the vertical pipe is regulated to be 10 degrees, the pressure difference at the top of the gasifier is 259Pa, the pressure drop of the cyclone separator is 956Pa, and the biomass gas flow is 6101N m 3/h;
The inclination angle R of the steam inlet spray pipe and the vertical pipe is adjusted to be 45 degrees, the pressure difference at the top of the gasifier is 278Pa, the pressure drop of the cyclone separator is 1035Pa, and the biomass gas flow is 6156N m 3/h;
The inclination angle R of the steam inlet spray pipe and the vertical pipe is regulated to be 80 degrees, the pressure difference at the top of the gasifier is 301Pa, the pressure drop of the cyclone separator is 1154Pa, and the biomass gas flow rate is 6207N m 3/h.
Example 2: by adopting the positive pressure gasification coupling system, the raw material is wood blocks, the feeding amount is 7.3t/h, the primary air is fed with 6156N m 3/h, and the secondary air is fed with 1084N m 3/h. The temperature of the dense phase zone and the furnace top of the gasification furnace are respectively 802 ℃ and 789 ℃. And (3) extracting the tail gas of the boiler to replace the air of the front bin and the lock hopper, keeping the pressure of the front bin higher than the pressure of the charging hole of the gasification furnace, and enabling no fuel gas to enter the front bin from the charging hole in normal operation. Extracting the boiler flue gas at 250 ℃ and sending the boiler flue gas into a heat exchanger to cool the biomass fuel gas, wherein the temperature of the fuel gas at the outlet of the heat exchanger is 400 ℃. And opening a steam valve, and adjusting the steam flow to 720N m 3/h.
The inclination angle R of the steam inlet spray pipe and the vertical pipe is regulated to be 10 degrees, the pressure difference at the top of the gasifier is 329Pa, the pressure drop of the cyclone separator is 1156Pa, and the biomass gas flow rate is 16425N m 3/h;
The inclination angle R of the steam inlet spray pipe and the vertical pipe is adjusted to be 45 degrees, the pressure difference at the top of the gasifier is 346Pa, the pressure drop of the cyclone separator is 1323Pa, and the biomass gas flow is 16830N m 3/h;
the inclination angle R of the steam inlet spray pipe and the vertical pipe is regulated to be 80 degrees, the top pressure difference of the gasifier is 380Pa, the pressure drop of the cyclone separator is 1476Pa, and the biomass gas flow is 17112N m 3/h.
Example 3: by adopting the positive pressure gasification coupling system, the raw materials are rice hulls and straws, the feeding amount of the rice hulls is 8t/h, the feeding amount of the straws is 6t/h, the primary air is fed into 11156N m 3/h, and the secondary air is fed into 3184Nm 3/h. The temperature of the dense phase zone and the furnace top of the gasification furnace are 775 ℃ and 762 ℃ respectively. And (3) extracting the tail gas of the boiler to replace the air of the front bin and the lock hopper, keeping the pressure of the front bin higher than the pressure of the charging hole of the gasification furnace, and enabling no fuel gas to enter the front bin from the charging hole in normal operation. Extracting the boiler flue gas at 300 ℃ and sending the boiler flue gas into a heat exchanger to cool biomass fuel gas, wherein the temperature of the fuel gas at the outlet of the heat exchanger is 500 ℃. The steam valve is opened, and the steam flow is regulated to 1410N m 3/h.
The inclination angle R of the steam inlet spray pipe and the vertical pipe is regulated to be 10 degrees, the pressure difference at the top of the gasifier is 409Pa, the pressure drop of the cyclone separator is 1385Pa, and the biomass gas flow is 27425N m 3/h;
The inclination angle R of the steam inlet spray pipe and the vertical pipe is adjusted to be 45 degrees, the pressure difference at the top of the gasifier is 428Pa, the pressure drop of the cyclone separator is 1453Pa, and the biomass gas flow is 27852N m 3/h;
The inclination angle R of the steam inlet spray pipe and the vertical pipe is regulated to be 80 degrees, the pressure difference at the top of the gasifier is 453Pa, the pressure drop of the cyclone separator is 1528Pa, and the biomass gas flow is 28101N m 3/h.
The invention adopts a positive pressure gasification process, extracts a part of boiler tail gas to seal the lock hopper and the stokehold bin, and improves the safety of the whole system. Meanwhile, the flue gas of the low-temperature section of the extraction boiler cools the biomass fuel gas, and compared with heat conduction oil, the biomass fuel gas cooling system is safer and more stable. In addition, when changing biomass raw materials, still can realize high-efficient gasification and steady operation through moderate regulation overgrate air volume and returning charge ware riser steam.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. An apparatus for biomass positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler, comprising: fluidized bed gasifier riser, its characterized in that: the fluidized bed gasification furnace is characterized in that a gasification furnace air chamber is arranged at the lower end of the fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe, a stokehold bin is arranged at one side of the fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe, a lock hopper is connected to the upper end of the stokehold bin, a gasification furnace blower is arranged at one side of the gasification furnace air chamber, the gasification furnace blower is connected to the gasification furnace air chamber through a blower pipe, a cyclone separator is arranged at one side of the fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe, a material returning device is arranged at the lower end of the cyclone separator, a discharge outlet of the material returning device is connected to the lower end of the fluidized bed gasification furnace lifting pipe, the upper end of the cyclone separator is connected to a cyclone dust collector through a pipeline, the upper end of the cyclone dust collector is connected to a heat exchanger through a pipeline, the heat exchanger is connected to a coal-fired boiler through a circulating pipeline, and a tail gas pipeline of the coal-fired boiler is connected to the lock hopper and the stokehold bin through a conveying pipe.
2. The apparatus for a biomass positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the pipeline at the lower end of the cyclone separator is provided with a steam jet, and the angle between the steam jet and the pipeline is R, and the range of R is 10-80 degrees.
3. The apparatus for a biomass positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the upper side of the air chamber of the gasification furnace is provided with a secondary air nozzle, and the air blower of the gasification furnace is connected with the secondary air nozzle through a blast pipe.
4. The method for using the biomass positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the air blower sends air into the fluidized bed gasification furnace riser from the gasification furnace plenum and the secondary air nozzle at the upper part of the gasification furnace; biomass raw materials enter a gasification furnace through a lock hopper and a stokehold bin; gasifying air and biomass in a furnace;
step 2: the biomass fuel gas generated by gasification carries solid particles to enter a cyclone separator; the biomass semicoke with larger particle size is collected by the cyclone separator and enters the material returning device, and the biomass semicoke returns to the hearth by the material returning device to continue to participate in the reaction; the biomass ash with smaller particle size enters a cyclone dust collector along with biomass gas, is collected by the cyclone dust collector and is discharged;
Step 3: the low-pressure superheated steam enters the riser of the material returning device from a steam nozzle arranged at the riser of the material returning device, and the steam source adopts auxiliary steam of a boiler;
step 4: delivering the flue gas with the low temperature Duan Chouqu to 200-300 ℃ of the boiler into a heat exchanger to cool biomass fuel gas, cooling the fuel gas to 350-500 ℃, and delivering the fuel gas into a coal-fired boiler for combustion through a fuel gas pipeline; the flue gas is heated by biomass fuel gas and then sent back to the boiler for utilization.
5. The method for biomass positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler according to claim 4, wherein: the fluidized bed gasifier riser and the gasifier plenum are internally provided with positive pressure.
6. The method for biomass positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler according to claim 4, wherein: and (3) extracting a part of tail gas from the smoke discharging system of the coal-fired boiler to seal the biomass lock hopper and the stokehold bin.
7. The method for biomass positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler according to claim 4, wherein: the secondary air volume of the secondary air nozzle accounts for 10-20% of the air supply volume of the blower.
8. The method for biomass positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler according to claim 4, wherein: the steam quantity sprayed into the vertical pipe is 5-15% of the blast quantity of the gasification furnace, and the inclination angle R of the steam inlet pipeline at the vertical pipe is 10-80 degrees.
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| CN109705921A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-03 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Efficient biomass gasification coupling coal-burning boiler electricity generation system and the method for improving biological fuel gas quality |
| CN110105986A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-08-09 | 湖北华电襄阳发电有限公司 | Biomass gasification device and coal unit coupled system and its electricity generation system |
| CN112980517A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-18 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Biomass fluidized bed gasification furnace operating at positive pressure |
| CN112797403A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-05-14 | 清华大学 | Fluidized bed air chamber explosion-proof system and explosion-proof method thereof during fire suppression and restart |
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