CN205447700U - Oxygendeficient burning boiler of brown coal semicoke - Google Patents

Oxygendeficient burning boiler of brown coal semicoke Download PDF

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Publication number
CN205447700U
CN205447700U CN201620207452.1U CN201620207452U CN205447700U CN 205447700 U CN205447700 U CN 205447700U CN 201620207452 U CN201620207452 U CN 201620207452U CN 205447700 U CN205447700 U CN 205447700U
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China
Prior art keywords
cyclone cylinder
boiler
combustion
firing chamber
cyclone
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201620207452.1U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘银河
车得福
张勇
张玉斌
杨天亮
李庚达
刘汉强
郭桦
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GUODIAN NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE
Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co Ltd
Xian Jiaotong University
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GUODIAN NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE
Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co Ltd
Xian Jiaotong University
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Priority to CN201620207452.1U priority Critical patent/CN205447700U/en
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Publication of CN205447700U publication Critical patent/CN205447700U/en
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Abstract

The utility model discloses an oxygendeficient burning boiler of brown coal semicoke, including oxygendeficient burner of a plurality of whirlwind section of thick bamboos and boiler body, boiler body includes second combustion chamber, sets up in the boiler heating surface and the exhaust port on second combustion chamber upper portion, the oxygendeficient burner of a whirlwind section of thick bamboo is having of an inversion of central adiabatic cyclone, the oxygendeficient burner of a whirlwind section of thick bamboo connects boiler body's second combustion chamber. Brown coal semicoke powder is followed the tangential or is cut to getting into the annular space between a central section of thick bamboo and the whirlwind section of thick bamboo under the primary air effect, forms to high temperature gas gasified through combustion distinguishes in the lower part of annular space, keeps excess air factor to be less than 1 in this region, maintains the reaction and is oxygendeficient burning atmosphere, the flue gas that contains combustible gas gets into second combustion chamber, and abundant burning generates the high temperature flue gas and goes upward that each receives the hot side through the tower boiler of arranging respectively, accomplishes and conducts heat, reduces the flue gas to certain exhaust gas temperature. The utility model discloses combustion intensity is high, catch that the sediment rate is high, the pollutant emission is low, load control range is wide.

Description

A kind of lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler
Technical field
This utility model relates to boiler technology field, particularly to a kind of lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler.
Background technology
Brown coal are a kind of low-order coal, and the reserves in China and the world are huge, but the water content of brown coal is high, and volatile matter is high, it is easy to spontaneous combustion, are unfavorable for transport, constrain the extensive utilization of brown coal.By brown coal upgrading, classification sub-prime comprehensively utilizes, and the exploitation for brown coal is significant.
Field, middle low temperature pyrogenation technology is utilized to be that a kind of more rising brown coal classification sub-prime utilizes technology at brown coal.Pyrolysis solid product lignite semi-coke reduces due to volatile matter, moisture minimizing, and caloric value improves, and is a kind of preferably fuel, and the high-efficiency low-pollution of lignite semi-coke utilizes and utilizes comprehensive energy efficiency raising to have very important effect for brown coal classification sub-prime.
Lignite semi-coke can be used for gasification furnace raw material and manufactures coal gas, it is also possible to directly burn production heat energy for boiler oil.Wherein produce hot water for boiler direct combustion heating working medium or steam is the most direct Application way.But due to substantially reducing of lignite semi-coke volatile matter, its flammability is affected.A kind of combustibility of exploitation is stable, and the boiler of the combustion lignite semi-coke that pollutant emission is low is most important.
Currently, the primary combustion mode of solid fuel coal and coal tar has three kinds: grate furnace, fluid bed furnace and coal-powder boiler.Coal-powder boiler is the main combustion system of station boiler.
A kind of combustion system cyclone firing is also had the most once to obtain more application.Cyclone firing is that artificial a kind of of tissue stablizes controlled high speed rotating flame, and combustion flame degree of filling is higher, and disturbance ability is the strongest, it is adaptable to powder, the combustion process of bits shape solid fuel, has higher calorific intensity than general room combustion mode.There is certain amount of savings due to solid fuel in a combustion chamber, cyclone furnace has the considerably long holdup time, contribute to maintaining the seriality of combustion process.The heat that scorching hot slag film accumulation is certain, is the burning bed of stabilizer pole, can maintain the stability of combustion process.Cyclone firing has advantages such as combustion intensity height, retention efficiency height, flameholding, but due to analysis ferrum, hydrogen is quick-fried, deslagging is difficult and the problem such as pollutant such as discharged nitrous oxides height, its application is subject to certain restrictions.
Under the overall background of energy-saving and emission-reduction, coal-burning power plant carries important power peak regulation task, it is desirable to station boiler can in broad load range stable and high effective operation.Existing station boiler is usually present the contradiction between stability high efficiency and the underrun of boiler of burning.Therefore, it is necessary to propose a kind of new burning boiler, high-efficient low polluting combustion can be realized, it is also possible to realize bigger Load Regulation.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler, to solve the problem that existing coal-powder boiler boiler combustion intensity is low, load regulation range is narrow, pollutant emission exceeds standard;This utility model boiler has the advantages such as combustion intensity is high, retention efficiency is high, pollutant emission is low, load regulation range is wide.
For reaching object above, this utility model adopts the following technical scheme that and is achieved:
A kind of lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler, including some cyclone cylinder lean-oxygen burners and boiler body;Boiler body includes dual firing chamber, the boiler heating surface being arranged at dual firing chamber top and exhaust opening;Cyclone cylinder lean-oxygen burner is an inverted Adiabatic Cyclone separator with central tube;Described cyclone cylinder lean-oxygen burner connects the dual firing chamber of boiler body.
Further, cyclone cylinder lean-oxygen burner includes cyclone cylinder, central tube, smoke tube and secondary wind cyclone;The lower sides of cyclone cylinder is provided with primary air nozzle;The bottom centre of cyclone cylinder has through hole, and central tube stretches into inside cyclone cylinder through the through hole bottom cyclone cylinder, and central tube top is through hole and and the setting of cyclone cylinder top inner wall interval, central tube and the sealing of cyclone cylinder junction;The lower section being positioned at primary air nozzle in cyclone cylinder is provided with melted slag bath, and the bottom of melted slag bath is provided with first row cinder notch;The bottom of central tube is provided with second row cinder notch, and smoke tube one end vertically connects central tube, and the other end connects dual firing chamber.
Further, the porch at smoke tube Yu dual firing chamber is provided with the secondary wind cyclone for sending into afterburning secondary wind.
Further, the downward-sloping setting of primary air nozzle.
Further, each cyclone cylinder sidewall is provided with two for the primary air nozzle forming whirlwind in cyclone cylinder.
Further, the tower layout of boiler heating surface.
Further, lignite semi-coke powder under primary air effect tangentially or cut to the annular space entering between central tube and cyclone cylinder from cyclone cylinder bottom primary air nozzle, high-temp combustion gasification zone is formed as in the bottom of annular space, keep in this region excess air coefficient less than 1, maintain reaction for combustion with meagre oxygen atmosphere;Generating flue gas strong rotation in cyclone cylinder and remove molten slag, then flue gas enters dual firing chamber by the smoke tube between dual firing chamber and cyclone cylinder, supplements part auxiliary air when entering dual firing chamber, enters dual firing chamber with rotating jet;Flue gas is fully burning heat release further in dual firing chamber, then generates high-temperature flue gas up respectively by each heating surface of boiler of tower layout, completes heat transfer, discharges from exhaust opening after flue gas is reduced to exhaust gas temperature.
Further, central tube and cyclone cylinder are made up of silicon nitride material, and the cyclone combustion chamber formed between central tube and cyclone cylinder is insulated combustion chamber.
Further, the burning carried out in dual firing chamber is homogeneous combustion, and excess air coefficient is 1.05~1.1.
Further, above melted slag bath, the temperature of reaction zone is higher than grey melt temperature 100~200 DEG C.
Further, cyclone cylinder lean-oxygen burner is multiple and is uniformly distributed in boiler body periphery.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:
1, use melted combustion with meagre oxygen in cyclone cylinder, major part fuel bound nitrogen is converted into nitrogen, uses classification air burning in dual firing chamber, reduce the discharge of nitrogen oxides.
2, having more liquid slag to form slag bath in cyclone cylinder ring casing space, the gasification, and combustion of residual Jiao is played catalysis and provides the effect of thermal source by the melted ash in slag bath, maintains the stability of burning, improves charcoal percent conversion.Each cyclone cylinder has 2 First air imports being arranged symmetrically with, and forms strong swirling eddy in cyclone cylinder;Being the melted slag bath having certain depth above bottom cyclone cylinder, oarse-grained ickings is fast pyrogenation and gasification in slag slag bath, it is achieved high carbon conversions;Having mud hole below slag bath, the temperature in cyclone cylinder maintains more than ash melt temperature, can realize smooth slag tap.
3, the gasification, and combustion in slag bath is mainly carbon oxygen exothermic reaction so that maintain localized hyperthermia at slag bath, is conducive to improving combustion intensity and improving the mobility of liquid slag.
4, the strong swirling eddy in cyclone cylinder combustor, is thrown to wall by cinder and realizes molten melt drop and separate with flue gas, improves benefit slag rate, significantly reduces staiing and follow-up dedusting burden of follow-up tower boiler heating surface.
5, the central canal bottom between cyclone cylinder and dual firing chamber is provided with the second slag separation chamber, and the liquid slag having not enough time to separate enters this slag bath and is captured, and further reduces the flying dust share in flue gas and realizes separating as far as possible of liquid slag and gaseous product.
6, it is provided with the supplementary secondary wind of rotating jet in dual firing chamber's import, maintains overall excess air coefficient in relatively low level, at the mainly homogeneous combustion that dual firing chamber is carried out, reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides.
7, cyclone cylinder, central tube and conduit pipe with thermal insulation all use silicon nitride material, improve the resistance to thermal shock performance of equipment.
8, a boiler can join multiple cyclone cylinder combustion with meagre oxygen equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, this utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this utility model a kind of lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler;
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1.
In figure: 1, cyclone cylinder;2, central tube;3, boiler heating surface;4, exhaust opening;5, dual firing chamber;6, secondary wind cyclone;7, smoke tube;8, second row cinder notch;9, first row cinder notch;10, melted slag bath;11, primary air nozzle.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to shown in Fig. 1, this utility model one lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler, including some cyclone cylinder lean-oxygen burners and boiler body, both satellite types are arranged.
The bottom of boiler body is dual firing chamber 5, and dual firing chamber 5 top is the boiler heating surface 3 of tower layout, and boiler heating surface 3 top is provided with exhaust opening 4.
Cyclone cylinder lean-oxygen burner includes cyclone cylinder 1, central tube 2, smoke tube 7 and secondary wind cyclone 6.The lower sides of cyclone cylinder 1 is provided with primary air nozzle 11, the micro-downward-sloping setting of primary air nozzle 11;Each cyclone cylinder 1 sidewall is provided with two for the primary air nozzle 11 forming whirlwind in cyclone cylinder 1.The bottom centre of cyclone cylinder 1 has through hole, and central tube 2 passes the through hole bottom cyclone cylinder 1 and stretches into cyclone cylinder 1 inside, and central tube 2 top is through hole and and the setting of cyclone cylinder 1 top inner wall interval, central tube 2 and the sealing of cyclone cylinder 1 junction.The lower section being positioned at primary air nozzle 11 in cyclone cylinder 1 is provided with melted slag bath 10, and the bottom of melted slag bath 10 is provided with first row cinder notch 9.The bottom of central tube 2 is provided with second row cinder notch 8, and smoke tube 7 one end vertically connects central tube 2, and the other end connects dual firing chamber 5, is provided with time wind cyclone 6 in the porch of smoke tube 7 with dual firing chamber 5, for sending into the secondary wind of afterburning.
In order to realize combustion with meagre oxygen, lignite semi-coke powder is sent in cyclone cylinder 1 annular region above melted slag bath 10 by primary air and flue gas recycled by micro-downward-sloping primary air nozzle 11, brown coal Jiao be pyrolyzed rapidly under strong high-temperature slag heat effect and burn, and the excess air coefficient of primary air maintains in the range of less than 1.Little granule burns rapidly under the effect of air-flow, owing to strong turbulent flow combustion is dynamic, short grained ash molten melt drop coalescence is also thrown on cyclone cylinder 1 wall under the influence of centrifugal force, flow into melted slag bath 10 under gravity, and oarse-grained coke powder is attached on liquid slag film the most under the influence of centrifugal force, flow slowly into melted slag bath 10 under gravity, the granule limit flowing limit generating gasification of residual Jiao and combustion reaction, after flowing into melted slag bath 10, the time of staying dramatically increases, and improves the burn-off rate of carbon.Above melted slag bath 10, the temperature of reaction zone uses and adjusts excess air coefficient and the control of flue gas recycled rate, remains higher than grey melt temperature 100~200 DEG C.Melted slag bath 10 has bigger thermal capacity, can be quickly completed the gasification, and combustion of residual Jiao.Owing to there being one layer of slag in melted slag bath 10, it is ensured that the stability of slag bath temperature and slag fluidity, unnecessary slag is discharged by first row cinder notch 9.In ring-like reaction zone, the gaseous product of generation completes the gas-liquid separation with slag, and gas downwards and sends into dual firing chamber 5 through smoke tube 7 from the district of turning back on cyclone cylinder 1 top along central tube 2.Pass through overfire air port 6 in the porch of smoke tube 7 with dual firing chamber 5 and send into the secondary wind of afterburning, complete to burn completely with the little excess air coefficient of 1.05~1.1 inside dual firing chamber 5.The high-temperature flue gas generated after burning completely is from dual firing chamber 5 upwards, pass sequentially through each boiler heating surface 3, flue gas and boiler heating surface 3 heat-exchange temperature are reduced to certain temperature and discharge boiler from exhaust opening 4, arrange gas recirculating fan simultaneously a certain amount of smoke evacuation is introduced primary air nozzle 11 in system.
The structure of this utility model lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler with process characteristic is:
In the circular passage that the adiabatic high-temp. vortex cylinder 1 being made up of silicon nitride and central tube 2 are formed, the excess air coefficient being passed through is less than 1, form combustion with meagre oxygen condition, there is thicker melted slag bath 10 in this region simultaneously, residual Jiao completes melt-combustion, containing more fuel gas in the flue gas of generation.The temperature of melted slag bath is higher, and the beneficially conversion completely of carbon residue makes deslagging smooth simultaneously.Inverted cyclone cylinder makes slag realize farthest separating with gaseous product.Simultaneously because the nitrogen oxides that High Temperature Air Combustion generates also substantially reduces.In dual firing chamber, owing to being homogeneous combustion, relatively low excess air coefficient can be maintained, to reduce the generation of pollutant.The feature of this kind of boiler is that each boiler body can configure multiple cyclone cylinder lean-oxygen burner, each cyclone cylinder lean-oxygen burner can isolated operation, thus improve the Load Regulation ratio of lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler.

Claims (10)

1. a lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler, it is characterised in that include some cyclone cylinder lean-oxygen burners and boiler body;
Boiler body includes dual firing chamber (5), the boiler heating surface (3) being arranged at dual firing chamber (5) top and exhaust opening (4);
Cyclone cylinder lean-oxygen burner is an inverted Adiabatic Cyclone separator with central tube;Described cyclone cylinder lean-oxygen burner connects the dual firing chamber (5) of boiler body.
A kind of lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, cyclone cylinder lean-oxygen burner includes cyclone cylinder (1), central tube (2), smoke tube (7) and secondary wind cyclone (6);The lower sides of cyclone cylinder (1) is provided with primary air nozzle (11);The bottom centre of cyclone cylinder (1) has through hole, central tube (2) stretches into cyclone cylinder (1) inside through the through hole of cyclone cylinder (1) bottom, central tube (2) top is through hole and and the setting of cyclone cylinder (1) top inner wall interval, central tube (2) and the sealing of cyclone cylinder (1) junction;The lower section being positioned at primary air nozzle (11) in cyclone cylinder (1) is provided with melted slag bath (10), and the bottom of melted slag bath (10) is provided with first row cinder notch (9);The bottom of central tube (2) is provided with second row cinder notch (8), and smoke tube (7) one end vertically connects central tube (2), and the other end connects dual firing chamber (5).
A kind of lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be provided with the secondary wind cyclone (6) for sending into afterburning secondary wind in the porch of smoke tube (7) Yu dual firing chamber (5).
A kind of lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that primary air nozzle (11) downward-sloping setting.
A kind of lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that each cyclone cylinder (1) sidewall is provided with two for the primary air nozzle (11) forming whirlwind in cyclone cylinder (1).
A kind of lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that boiler heating surface (3) tower layout.
A kind of lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler the most according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, lignite semi-coke powder under primary air effect tangentially or cut to the annular space entering between central tube and cyclone cylinder from cyclone cylinder bottom primary air nozzle (11), high-temp combustion gasification zone is formed as in the bottom of annular space, keep in this region excess air coefficient less than 1, maintain reaction for combustion with meagre oxygen atmosphere;Generating flue gas strong rotation in cyclone cylinder and remove molten slag, then flue gas enters dual firing chamber by the smoke tube (7) between dual firing chamber and cyclone cylinder, supplements part auxiliary air when entering dual firing chamber, enters dual firing chamber with rotating jet;Flue gas is fully burning heat release further in dual firing chamber, then generates high-temperature flue gas up respectively by each heating surface of boiler of tower layout, completes heat transfer, discharges from exhaust opening after flue gas is reduced to exhaust gas temperature.
A kind of lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that central tube and cyclone cylinder are made up of silicon nitride material, and the cyclone combustion chamber formed between central tube and cyclone cylinder is insulated combustion chamber.
A kind of lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the burning carried out in dual firing chamber is homogeneous combustion, and excess air coefficient is 1.05~1.1;The temperature of reaction zone, melted slag bath (10) top is higher than grey melt temperature 100~200 DEG C.
A kind of lignite semi-coke combustion with meagre oxygen boiler the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that cyclone cylinder lean-oxygen burner is multiple and is uniformly distributed in boiler body periphery.
CN201620207452.1U 2016-03-17 2016-03-17 Oxygendeficient burning boiler of brown coal semicoke Expired - Fee Related CN205447700U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105627280A (en) * 2016-03-17 2016-06-01 西安交通大学 Lignite semicoke anoxic combustion boiler
CN107355776A (en) * 2017-07-13 2017-11-17 武汉华喻燃能工程技术有限公司 Combustion System of Boiler Burning Fine, method and the application of ultra-low NOx emission

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105627280A (en) * 2016-03-17 2016-06-01 西安交通大学 Lignite semicoke anoxic combustion boiler
WO2017156824A1 (en) * 2016-03-17 2017-09-21 西安交通大学 Lignite semi-coke oxygen deficient combustion boiler
CN107355776A (en) * 2017-07-13 2017-11-17 武汉华喻燃能工程技术有限公司 Combustion System of Boiler Burning Fine, method and the application of ultra-low NOx emission

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Granted publication date: 20160810

Termination date: 20190317