CN109139158B - System and method for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation - Google Patents

System and method for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation Download PDF

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CN109139158B
CN109139158B CN201810884955.6A CN201810884955A CN109139158B CN 109139158 B CN109139158 B CN 109139158B CN 201810884955 A CN201810884955 A CN 201810884955A CN 109139158 B CN109139158 B CN 109139158B
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flue gas
biomass
gas
flue
heat
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CN109139158A (en
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刘义达
祁金胜
高振宝
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Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute Corp Ltd
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Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute Corp Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/02Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K21/00Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for

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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation. Wherein, this system includes: the evaporation section of the heat pipe heat exchanger is communicated with the biomass high-temperature gas pipeline, and the condensation section of the heat pipe heat exchanger is communicated with the recirculated flue gas pipeline; the heat pipe heat exchanger is used for cooling the biomass high-temperature fuel gas and heating the recirculated flue gas; the cooled biomass medium-temperature fuel gas enters a coal-fired unit for combustion and power generation; the heated recirculated flue gas enters a spray drying tower and then is mixed with desulfurization wastewater sprayed out of the spray drying tower, and then enters a flue at the inlet of a dust remover and the flue gas at the outlet of an air preheater of the coal-fired unit to be converged and then enters the dust remover for dust removal; and the recirculation flue gas pipeline is communicated with a pipeline after dust removal of the dust remover. The invention removes harmful substances in the desulfurization wastewater by using the sensible heat of the waste biomass gas, thereby saving energy and protecting environment, and the byproduct salt crystals have high purity and high added value.

Description

System and method for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coal-fired coupled biomass power generation, and particularly relates to a system and a method for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by utilizing sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation.
Background
The coal-fired coupled biomass coupled power generation technology can solve the social treatment problems of direct burning in straw fields and the like, can overcome the defect of high emission level of biomass resource energy utilization pollutants, and can promote the low-carbon clean development of the power industry, particularly coal and electricity. Among them, biomass gasification coupling is an important coupling power generation way.
The gasification of the biomass circulating fluidized bed is carried out in a gasification furnace through reactions such as biomass oxidation combustion, reduction, thermal decomposition and the like, wherein part of raw materials are combusted with oxygen in air to provide energy required by the reduction and thermal decomposition reactions, and most of the raw materials are thermally decomposed under a high-temperature anoxic state to generate fuel gas with the temperature of over 700 ℃. If the gas is directly conveyed to a coupled coal-fired boiler to be combusted at the temperature of over 700 ℃, the specific volume of the high-temperature gas is larger under the same pressure, and compared with the low-temperature gas, a gas pipeline with a larger cross section is required to convey the gas, and the thermal expansion and the thermal displacement of the high-temperature gas pipeline are larger than those of the low-temperature gas pipeline, so that the stress state is worse than that of the low-temperature gas pipeline and is unsafe; on the other hand, the direct delivery of the fuel gas at temperatures above 700 ℃ to the burner is detrimental to the cooling protection of the burner and is liable to cause burner burnout. Therefore, the high temperature fuel gas generated by gasification is usually cooled and then delivered to a coal-fired boiler for combustion.
The biomass gas has another characteristic of containing a large amount of tar. Tar deposition easily causes heat exchange and cooling failure in the cooling process of high-temperature fuel gas. Moreover, once heat exchange cooling is disabled due to tar deposition, the gasification furnace and the fuel gas conveying pipeline are shut down and then the heat transfer oil heat exchanger is overhauled, which also becomes one of the main factors restricting the development of the biomass gas reburning power generation technology.
Prior art CN203741285U discloses a biomass hot gas cooling system, which cools high-temperature fuel gas by using heat conduction oil, and then cools the heat conduction oil by using condensed water. However, the heat transfer oil has a leakage risk, once the leakage is easy to catch fire to cause fire, and the heat transfer oil heat exchanger is a series heat exchanger, even if one pipe is damaged, the gasification furnace and the gas conveying pipeline need to be shut down to repair the heat transfer oil heat exchanger, and the shutdown economic loss caused by the fault of the heat transfer oil heat exchanger is huge.
The desulfurization waste water is the discharge water produced in the absorption tower in the wet desulfurization process of the boiler flue gas, and in the specific operation process, in order to keep the material of a slurry circulating system in a desulfurization device in a certain balance state, so as to prevent soluble materials in the flue gas from exceeding the requirements of relevant specifications, and ensure the quality of gypsum, further a part of the water in the system is discharged to become waste water, namely the desulfurization waste water is produced by the combined action of a gypsum dehydration and cleaning system and the like. The waste water contains a large amount of sulfate, heavy metals and the like, and a considerable part of substances which are required to be subjected to emission control for national environmental protection regulations exist, so that the desulfurization waste water needs to be treated to a certain extent, and the aim of zero emission is finally fulfilled. Zero discharge of desulfurization waste water is realized only by adopting multiple comprehensive water utilization and water saving technologies. Various water-saving technologies run through the production process, and zero emission is difficult to realize by only talking about a certain water-saving technology.
In terms of the actual situation of desulfurization wastewater treatment of coal-fired power plants, most desulfurization wastewater is treated by coagulating sedimentation and total amount and treatment, but only relevant substances in emission standards can be removed, calcium ions, sodium ions and the like are still remained in the wastewater, the actual treatment process is complex, and the treatment effect is not very ideal. The conventional wastewater zero-discharge treatment method is a conventional multi-effect evaporation crystallization process. The evaporation system is divided into 4 units, namely a heat input unit, a heat recovery unit, a crystallization unit and an auxiliary system unit. The heat input unit is connected with steam from the main plant area, the steam is changed into low-pressure steam after temperature and pressure reduction, and then the steam is sent to the heating chamber to heat the wastewater. The condensate after heat exchange enters a condensate tank. And (3) discharging the desulfurization wastewater after conventional treatment, heating and concentrating the wastewater by a multi-stage evaporation chamber, conveying the wastewater to a salt slurry box, conveying the wastewater to a swirler by a salt slurry pump, performing cyclone on large-particle salt crystals, separating salt crystals, and conveying the salt crystals to various drying bed drying towers for drying by a screw conveyor. And returning the slurry separated by the cyclone and the centrifuge to a heating system, evaporating and concentrating, and finally drying out salt crystals, packaging and transporting to leave a factory. But the extremely high energy consumption of the treatment process limits the popularization of the treatment process in the field of zero emission of desulfurization wastewater
At present, a technology which is being popularized is also, namely a flue evaporation method. The flue evaporation method is divided into low-temperature flue gas evaporation behind the air preheater and high-temperature flue gas evaporation of a bypass of the air preheater. The prior art CN107129094A discloses a system for evaporating and crystallizing desulfurization waste water by an independently arranged evaporation tower by utilizing high-temperature flue gas in front of an air preheater. However, the air preheater is generally located at a height of more than 20 m, if high-temperature flue gas is led out to zero m from the front of the air preheater, the length of a flue is longer, the number of elbows is more, and dust accumulation is easily caused at the elbows because a dust remover is not passed before the air preheater; if high-temperature flue gas is led out from the front of the air preheater to an independent evaporation tower built on a boiler steel frame in order to reduce the length of a flue, a larger load is newly added to the boiler steel frame, particularly for reconstruction projects, the larger load added to the original boiler steel frame generally needs to be reinforced, and the reinforcing treatment generally needs to increase larger cost.
In summary, the existing coal-fired coupled biomass power generation system and desulfurization wastewater emission reduction system have the following defects:
(1) the desulfurization wastewater contains a large amount of harmful substances, the energy consumption of the existing desulfurization wastewater emission reduction process is large, and the purity of byproduct salt crystals is low.
(2) The heat utilization medium of the existing coal-fired coupling biomass power generation system is condensed water, the heat of the biomass gas has the characteristic of instability, and the heat of the biomass gas is utilized by adopting a method for heating the condensed water, so that the stability of the parameters of a thermodynamic system of a coal-fired unit is greatly influenced, and the complexity is increased for the operation.
(3) The damage of the heat transfer oil heat exchanger caused by tar precipitation and other reasons further leads to the paralysis of the whole coal-fired coupling biomass power generation system, the overhaul time is long, and the overhaul labor cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the first purpose of the invention is to provide a system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by utilizing sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation, which can fully utilize sensible heat of the biomass gas in a coal-fired coupled biomass power generation system and is used for removing harmful substances in the desulfurization wastewater of a coal-fired unit, thereby saving energy, protecting environment, and ensuring high purity and high added value of byproduct salt crystals.
The invention discloses a system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation, which comprises: the heat pipe heat exchanger comprises an evaporation section and a condensation section, wherein the evaporation section is communicated with the biomass high-temperature gas pipeline and is used for absorbing the heat of the biomass high-temperature gas; the condensation section is communicated with the recirculation flue gas pipeline and is used for releasing heat to the recirculation flue gas;
the heat pipe heat exchanger is used for cooling the biomass high-temperature fuel gas and heating the recirculated flue gas; the cooled biomass medium-temperature fuel gas enters a coal-fired unit for combustion and power generation; the heated recirculated flue gas enters a spray drying tower and then is mixed with desulfurization wastewater sprayed out of the spray drying tower, and then enters a flue at the inlet of a dust remover and the flue gas at the outlet of an air preheater of the coal-fired unit to be converged and then enters the dust remover for dust removal; and the recirculation flue gas pipeline is communicated with a pipeline after dust removal of the dust remover.
Further, the dust remover is connected with the desulfurization island through an induced draft fan, the recycling flue gas pipeline is led out from a flue behind the induced draft fan, and the recycling flue gas pipeline is connected to the heat pipe heat exchanger through a flue gas recycling fan.
Further, the dust remover is connected with the desulfurization island through the draught fan, the recycling flue gas pipeline is led out from the flue behind the dust remover and in front of the draught fan, and the recycling flue gas pipeline is connected to the heat pipe heat exchanger through the flue gas recycling fan.
Furthermore, the heat pipe heat exchanger is formed by connecting at least two heat pipes in parallel.
The effect is as follows:
when one heat pipe is damaged by excessive tar deposition or failure of various reasons, the normal work of other heat pipes is not influenced.
Furthermore, the heat pipe heat exchanger adopts a gravity heat pipe, and the recycling flue gas pipeline is positioned above the biomass high-temperature fuel gas pipeline.
The effect is as follows:
the heat transfer medium heated by the biomass high-temperature fuel gas in the heat pipe exchanger flows upwards to the condensation section of the heat pipe exchanger, heat is released to the recirculated flue gas in the condensation section, the heat pipe heat transfer medium after heat release flows downwards to the evaporation section of the heat pipe exchanger under the action of gravity, and is heated by the biomass high-temperature fuel gas in the evaporation section again, and the operation is repeated.
Further, the system for reducing emission of desulfurization waste water by utilizing sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation also comprises a desulfurization waste water storage tank, wherein the desulfurization waste water storage tank is used for temporarily storing desulfurization waste water generated by the coal-fired unit, and when the biomass gasification furnace is put into operation, the desulfurization waste water in the desulfurization waste water storage tank is sprayed into the spray drying tower.
Furthermore, the system for reducing emission of the desulfurization wastewater by using the sensible heat of the biomass gas and the evaporation of the flue gas also comprises an air preheater bypass flue, wherein the air preheater bypass flue is led out from a flue in front of an air preheater of the coal-fired unit and is connected into a spray drying tower, and in the spray drying tower, the bypass flue gas from the air preheater bypass flue is mixed with the desulfurization wastewater to generate an evaporation crystallization process; when the biomass gasification furnace normally operates, the air door on the bypass flue of the air preheater is closed, and the bypass flue of the air preheater does not operate.
Furthermore, a spray head for desulfurization wastewater is arranged in the spray drying tower, and the desulfurization wastewater is sprayed into the spray drying tower through the spray head and is mixed with the recirculated hot flue gas to generate an evaporation crystallization process.
Further, spray drying tower bottom is equipped with ash bucket and storehouse pump, and the granule that desulfurization waste water evaporation crystallization produced is collected the ash bucket, and the granule in the ash bucket is accumulated and is discharged through the storehouse pump after predetermineeing the height.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a working method of the system for reducing emission of the desulfurization wastewater by utilizing the sensible heat of the biomass gas and the evaporation of the flue gas, which can remove harmful substances in the desulfurization wastewater, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and has high purity and high added value of byproduct salt crystals.
The invention relates to a working method of a system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation, which comprises the following steps:
the heat pipe heat exchanger cools the biomass high-temperature fuel gas and heats the recirculated flue gas;
the cooled biomass medium-temperature fuel gas enters a coal-fired unit for combustion and power generation;
the heated recirculated flue gas enters a spray drying tower and then is mixed with desulfurization wastewater sprayed out of the spray drying tower, so that the desulfurization wastewater is evaporated and crystallized, and most of precipitated salt crystal particles enter an ash hopper of the spray drying tower through natural sedimentation;
the flue gas from the spray drying tower enters a flue at the inlet of a dust remover and is converged with the flue gas at the outlet of an air preheater of the coal-fired unit, and then the flue gas enters the dust remover for dust removal; the flue gas after dust removal is connected to a draught fan.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention removes harmful substances in the desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of the waste biomass gas, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and uses hot flue gas formed by recycling and heating the flue gas from the outlet of the dust remover by the biomass gas.
(2) The system utilizing the sensible heat of the biomass gas is convenient to overhaul and maintain: when tar deposition or damage of a single heat pipe caused by various reasons, the rest heat pipes can still work normally. Compared with the traditional heat conduction oil heat exchanger, each heat pipe of the heat pipe heat exchanger can work relatively independently, the heat pipe heat exchanger has the advantage of insensitivity to tar deposition, when the traditional heat conduction oil heat exchanger cleans deposited tar, tar needs to be removed from each pipeline machine, the heat pipe heat exchanger only needs to be drawn out quickly, and then a new heat pipe is replaced, so that the overhaul time and the overhaul labor cost are greatly saved.
(3) Compared with the prior art that the condensed water is heated by utilizing the sensible heat of the biomass gas, the heating condensed water has larger influence on a thermodynamic system of the coal burner unit, and the yield and the source of the biomass have seasonal factors, the failure rate of the gasification furnace is higher and the like, so that the operation time of the biomass gasification furnace is unstable, namely, the working condition that the condensed water is heated by utilizing the sensible heat of the biomass gas is not a normal working condition, and the heat of the biomass gas has the characteristic of instability. When the thermodynamic system is optimized, if the design point chooses not to utilize the sensible heat of the biomass gas to heat the condensed water, the energy consumption and the fire loss are not minimized when the sensible heat of the biomass gas is utilized to heat the condensed water; and if the design point chooses to heat the condensed water by using the sensible heat of the biogas, the energy consumption and the fire loss are not minimized when the condensed water is not heated by using the sensible heat of the biogas. The invention has no influence on the thermodynamic system, and the thermodynamic system can be designed according to the lowest energy consumption and fire loss; on the other hand, no matter whether the source of the biomass is stable or not and whether the gas production is stable or not, the emission reduction and even zero emission of the desulfurization wastewater can be realized. The reason for this is that the heating of the condensed water is a process closely linked to the production of electric energy, and is a continuous process, while the evaporative crystallization of the desulfurization waste water is a process that allows for interruptions, such as interruptions in the time that can be accomplished by storing the desulfurization waste water.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an example of a system for reducing emission of desulfurization waste water by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of three structures of an example of the system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of an example of the system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth example of the system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation of the embodiment includes: the evaporation section of the heat pipe heat exchanger is connected with the biomass high-temperature gas pipeline, and the condensation section of the heat pipe heat exchanger is connected with the recirculated flue gas pipeline;
the heat pipe heat exchanger is used for cooling the biomass high-temperature fuel gas and heating the recirculated flue gas; the cooled biomass medium-temperature fuel gas enters a coal-fired unit for combustion and power generation; the heated recirculated flue gas enters a spray drying tower and then is mixed with desulfurization wastewater sprayed out of the spray drying tower, and then enters a flue at the inlet of a dust remover and the flue gas at the outlet of an air preheater of the coal-fired unit to be converged and then enters the dust remover for dust removal; and the recirculation flue gas pipeline is communicated with a pipeline after dust removal of the dust remover.
In this embodiment, the heat pipe heat exchanger is formed by connecting at least two heat pipes in parallel.
Therefore, when one heat pipe is damaged by excessive tar deposition or failure caused by various reasons, the normal work of other heat pipes is not influenced.
In specific implementation, the heat pipe heat exchanger adopts a gravity heat pipe, and the recycling flue gas pipeline is positioned above the biomass high-temperature fuel gas pipeline.
The heat transfer medium heated by the biomass high-temperature fuel gas in the heat pipe exchanger flows upwards to the condensation section of the heat pipe exchanger, heat is released to the recirculated flue gas in the condensation section, the heat pipe heat transfer medium after heat release flows downwards to the evaporation section of the heat pipe exchanger under the action of gravity, and is heated by the biomass high-temperature fuel gas again in the evaporation section, and the operation is repeated.
In this embodiment, a spray head for desulfurization wastewater is disposed in the spray drying tower, and the desulfurization wastewater is sprayed into the spray drying tower through the spray head and mixed with the recirculated hot flue gas to undergo an evaporative crystallization process. In this embodiment, the flue gas behind the induced draft fan is the flue gas of malleation, and the drive power of recirculated flue gas comes from the induced draft fan.
In this embodiment, spray drying tower bottom is equipped with ash bucket and storehouse pump, and the granule that desulfurization waste water evaporation crystallization produced is collected the ash bucket, and the granule in the ash bucket is accumulated and is discharged through the storehouse pump behind the predetermined height.
The working principle of the system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by utilizing sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation in the embodiment is as follows:
the recirculated cold flue gas is connected to the heat pipe heat exchanger and heated to become recirculated hot flue gas, the recirculated hot flue gas enters the spray drying tower to realize evaporative crystallization on the desulfurization wastewater, most of precipitated salt crystal particles enter an ash hopper of the spray drying tower through natural sedimentation, and a small amount of salt crystal particles are mixed in the recirculated waste flue gas and leave the spray drying tower. The flue gas discharged from the spray drying tower is referred to as recycled waste flue gas. And the recirculated waste flue gas is connected to a flue at the inlet of the dust remover from the spray drying tower and is converged with the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater of the coal-fired unit, and then the flue gas enters the dust remover for dust removal. The flue gas dedusted by the deduster is connected to the induced draft fan.
The recirculated cold flue gas of this embodiment is all taken out from behind the dust remover, so the coal-fired dust that the recirculated hot flue gas that gets into the spray drying tower contains is very few, so salt crystal granule that discharges through the storehouse pump of spray drying tower has higher purity, can be collected and sell, has higher market value, can create higher polygeneration economic benefits.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, the system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation of the embodiment includes: the evaporation section of the heat pipe heat exchanger is communicated with the biomass high-temperature gas pipeline, and the condensation section of the heat pipe heat exchanger is communicated with the recirculated flue gas pipeline;
the heat pipe heat exchanger is used for cooling the biomass high-temperature fuel gas and heating the recirculated flue gas; the cooled biomass medium-temperature fuel gas enters a coal-fired unit for combustion and power generation; the heated recirculated flue gas enters a spray drying tower and then is mixed with desulfurization wastewater sprayed out of the spray drying tower, and then enters a flue at the inlet of a dust remover and the flue gas at the outlet of an air preheater of the coal-fired unit to be converged and then enters the dust remover for dust removal; the recirculation flue gas pipeline is communicated with a pipeline after dust removal of the dust remover;
the dust remover is connected with the desulfurization island through the draught fan, the recycling flue gas pipeline is led out from a flue behind the draught fan, and the recycling flue gas pipeline is connected to the heat pipe heat exchanger through the flue gas recycling fan.
The flue gas behind the draught fan of this embodiment is the malleation flue gas still, but through setting up flue gas recirculation fan, can further guarantee the pressure head of recirculated flue gas, can overcome bigger flow resistance.
In this embodiment, the heat pipe heat exchanger is formed by connecting at least two heat pipes in parallel.
Therefore, when one heat pipe is damaged by excessive tar deposition or failure caused by various reasons, the normal work of other heat pipes is not influenced.
In specific implementation, the heat pipe heat exchanger adopts a gravity heat pipe, and the recycling flue gas pipeline is positioned above the biomass high-temperature fuel gas pipeline.
The heat transfer medium heated by the biomass high-temperature fuel gas in the heat pipe exchanger flows upwards to the condensation section of the heat pipe exchanger, heat is released to the recirculated flue gas in the condensation section, the heat pipe heat transfer medium after heat release flows downwards to the evaporation section of the heat pipe exchanger under the action of gravity, and is heated by the biomass high-temperature fuel gas again in the evaporation section, and the operation is repeated.
In this embodiment, a spray head for desulfurization wastewater is disposed in the spray drying tower, and the desulfurization wastewater is sprayed into the spray drying tower through the spray head and mixed with the recirculated hot flue gas to undergo an evaporative crystallization process.
In this embodiment, spray drying tower bottom is equipped with ash bucket and storehouse pump, and the granule that desulfurization waste water evaporation crystallization produced is collected the ash bucket, and the granule in the ash bucket is accumulated and is discharged through the storehouse pump behind the predetermined height.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 3, the system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation of the embodiment includes: the evaporation section of the heat pipe heat exchanger is connected with the biomass high-temperature gas pipeline, and the condensation section of the heat pipe heat exchanger is connected with the recirculated flue gas pipeline;
the heat pipe heat exchanger is used for cooling the biomass high-temperature fuel gas and heating the recirculated flue gas; the cooled biomass medium-temperature fuel gas enters a coal-fired unit for combustion and power generation; the heated recirculated flue gas enters a spray drying tower and then is mixed with desulfurization wastewater sprayed out of the spray drying tower, and then enters a flue at the inlet of a dust remover and the flue gas at the outlet of an air preheater of the coal-fired unit to be converged and then enters the dust remover for dust removal; the recirculation flue gas pipeline is communicated with a pipeline after dust removal of the dust remover;
the dust remover passes through the draught fan and links to each other with the desulfurization island, in this embodiment, the flue before the draught fan is drawn forth behind the dust remover to the recirculated flue gas pipeline, and the recirculated flue gas pipeline connects to heat pipe heat exchanger through flue gas recirculation fan.
In this embodiment, because the flue gas behind the dust remover, before the draught fan is the negative pressure flue gas, so need through setting up flue gas recirculation fan, promote the pressure head of recirculated flue gas, become the malleation flue gas with the recirculated flue gas pressure boost to overcome the flow resistance along the journey.
In this embodiment, the heat pipe heat exchanger is formed by connecting at least two heat pipes in parallel.
Therefore, when one heat pipe is damaged by excessive tar deposition or failure caused by various reasons, the normal work of other heat pipes is not influenced.
In specific implementation, the heat pipe heat exchanger adopts a gravity heat pipe, and the recycling flue gas pipeline is positioned above the biomass high-temperature fuel gas pipeline.
The heat transfer medium heated by the biomass high-temperature fuel gas in the heat pipe exchanger flows upwards to the condensation section of the heat pipe exchanger, heat is released to the recirculated flue gas in the condensation section, the heat pipe heat transfer medium after heat release flows downwards to the evaporation section of the heat pipe exchanger under the action of gravity, and is heated by the biomass high-temperature fuel gas again in the evaporation section, and the operation is repeated.
In this embodiment, a spray head for desulfurization wastewater is disposed in the spray drying tower, and the desulfurization wastewater is sprayed into the spray drying tower through the spray head and mixed with the recirculated hot flue gas to undergo an evaporative crystallization process.
In this embodiment, spray drying tower bottom is equipped with ash bucket and storehouse pump, and the granule that desulfurization waste water evaporation crystallization produced is collected the ash bucket, and the granule in the ash bucket is accumulated and is discharged through the storehouse pump behind the predetermined height.
Example four
As shown in fig. 4, the system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation of the embodiment includes: the evaporation section of the heat pipe heat exchanger is connected with the biomass high-temperature gas pipeline, and the condensation section of the heat pipe heat exchanger is connected with the recirculated flue gas pipeline;
the heat pipe heat exchanger is used for cooling the biomass high-temperature fuel gas and heating the recirculated flue gas; the cooled biomass medium-temperature fuel gas enters a coal-fired unit for combustion and power generation; the heated recirculated flue gas enters a spray drying tower and then is mixed with desulfurization wastewater sprayed out of the spray drying tower, and then enters a flue at the inlet of a dust remover and the flue gas at the outlet of an air preheater of the coal-fired unit to be converged and then enters the dust remover for dust removal; the recirculation flue gas pipeline is communicated with a pipeline after dust removal of the dust remover;
the system for reducing emission of desulfurization waste water by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation further comprises a desulfurization waste water storage tank, wherein the desulfurization waste water storage tank is used for temporarily storing desulfurization waste water generated by the coal-fired unit.
When the biomass gasification furnace is shut down due to reasons and the shut-down time is short, because the biomass gas is shut down, the desulfurization wastewater generated by the coal-fired unit is temporarily stored in the desulfurization wastewater storage tank, and when the biomass gasification furnace is put into operation, the desulfurization wastewater in the desulfurization wastewater storage tank is sprayed into the spray drying tower. Therefore, the coupling of the biomass gas-making process, the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge process and the power generation process system is interrupted in time, and the influence of the shutdown of the biomass gas-making process on the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge process is reduced to the minimum.
In this embodiment, the heat pipe heat exchanger is formed by connecting at least two heat pipes in parallel.
Therefore, when one heat pipe is damaged by excessive tar deposition or failure caused by various reasons, the normal work of other heat pipes is not influenced.
In specific implementation, the heat pipe heat exchanger adopts a gravity heat pipe, and the recycling flue gas pipeline is positioned above the biomass high-temperature fuel gas pipeline.
The heat transfer medium heated by the biomass high-temperature fuel gas in the heat pipe exchanger flows upwards to the condensation section of the heat pipe exchanger, heat is released to the recirculated flue gas in the condensation section, the heat pipe heat transfer medium after heat release flows downwards to the evaporation section of the heat pipe exchanger under the action of gravity, and is heated by the biomass high-temperature fuel gas again in the evaporation section, and the operation is repeated.
In this embodiment, a spray head for desulfurization wastewater is disposed in the spray drying tower, and the desulfurization wastewater is sprayed into the spray drying tower through the spray head and mixed with the recirculated hot flue gas to undergo an evaporative crystallization process.
In this embodiment, spray drying tower bottom is equipped with ash bucket and storehouse pump, and the granule that desulfurization waste water evaporation crystallization produced is collected the ash bucket, and the granule in the ash bucket is accumulated and is discharged through the storehouse pump behind the predetermined height.
In this embodiment, the inlet of the recirculated cold flue gas may be a flue after the dust remover and before the induced draft fan, or a flue after the induced draft fan. When the recirculated cold flue gas is extracted from a flue behind the dust remover and in front of the induced draft fan, a flue gas recirculation fan needs to be arranged on the flue gas recirculation pipeline; when the recycling cold flue gas is extracted from the flue behind the induced draft fan, the flue gas recycling pipeline can be provided with a flue gas recycling fan or not.
EXAMPLE five
As shown in fig. 5, the system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation of the embodiment includes: the evaporation section of the heat pipe heat exchanger is connected with the biomass high-temperature gas pipeline, and the condensation section of the heat pipe heat exchanger is connected with the recirculated flue gas pipeline;
the heat pipe heat exchanger is used for cooling the biomass high-temperature fuel gas and heating the recirculated flue gas; the cooled biomass medium-temperature fuel gas enters a coal-fired unit for combustion and power generation; the heated recirculated flue gas enters a spray drying tower and then is mixed with desulfurization wastewater sprayed out of the spray drying tower, and then enters a flue at the inlet of a dust remover and the flue gas at the outlet of an air preheater of the coal-fired unit to be converged and then enters the dust remover for dust removal; the recirculation flue gas pipeline is communicated with a pipeline after dust removal of the dust remover;
the system for reducing emission of the desulfurization wastewater by using the sensible heat of the biomass gas and the flue gas evaporation also comprises an air preheater bypass flue, wherein the air preheater bypass flue is led out from a flue in front of the air preheater of the coal-fired unit and is connected into the spray drying tower, and the bypass flue gas air preheater bypass flue is mixed with the desulfurization wastewater to generate an evaporation crystallization process; when the biomass gasification furnace normally operates, the air door on the bypass flue of the air preheater is closed, and the bypass flue of the air preheater does not operate.
This embodiment is suitable for use when the biomass gasifier is shut down for reasons and the shut down time is long.
In this embodiment, the heat pipe heat exchanger is formed by connecting at least two heat pipes in parallel.
Therefore, when one heat pipe is damaged by excessive tar deposition or failure caused by various reasons, the normal work of other heat pipes is not influenced.
In specific implementation, the heat pipe heat exchanger adopts a gravity heat pipe, and the recycling flue gas pipeline is positioned above the biomass high-temperature fuel gas pipeline.
The heat transfer medium heated by the biomass high-temperature fuel gas in the heat pipe exchanger flows upwards to the condensation section of the heat pipe exchanger, heat is released to the recirculated flue gas in the condensation section, the heat pipe heat transfer medium after heat release flows downwards to the evaporation section of the heat pipe exchanger under the action of gravity, and is heated by the biomass high-temperature fuel gas again in the evaporation section, and the operation is repeated.
In this embodiment, a spray head for desulfurization wastewater is disposed in the spray drying tower, and the desulfurization wastewater is sprayed into the spray drying tower through the spray head and mixed with the recirculated hot flue gas to undergo an evaporative crystallization process.
In this embodiment, spray drying tower bottom is equipped with ash bucket and storehouse pump, and the granule that desulfurization waste water evaporation crystallization produced is collected the ash bucket, and the granule in the ash bucket is accumulated and is discharged through the storehouse pump behind the predetermined height.
In this embodiment, the inlet of the recirculated cold flue gas may be a flue after the dust remover and before the induced draft fan, or a flue after the induced draft fan. When the recirculated cold flue gas is extracted from a flue behind the dust remover and in front of the induced draft fan, a flue gas recirculation fan needs to be arranged on the flue gas recirculation pipeline; when the recycling cold flue gas is extracted from the flue behind the induced draft fan, the flue gas recycling pipeline can be provided with a flue gas recycling fan or not.
The invention also provides a working method of the system for reducing emission of the desulfurization wastewater by using the sensible heat of the biomass gas and the evaporation of the flue gas, which can remove harmful substances in the desulfurization wastewater, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and has high purity and high added value of byproduct salt crystals.
The invention relates to a working method of a system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation, which comprises the following steps:
the heat pipe heat exchanger cools the biomass high-temperature fuel gas and heats the recirculated flue gas;
the cooled biomass medium-temperature fuel gas enters a coal-fired unit for combustion and power generation;
the heated recirculated flue gas enters a spray drying tower and then is mixed with desulfurization wastewater sprayed out of the spray drying tower, so that the desulfurization wastewater is evaporated and crystallized, and most of precipitated salt crystal particles enter an ash hopper of the spray drying tower through natural sedimentation;
the flue gas from the spray drying tower enters a flue at the inlet of a dust remover and is converged with the flue gas at the outlet of an air preheater of the coal-fired unit, and then the flue gas enters the dust remover for dust removal; the flue gas after dust removal is connected to a draught fan.
The invention removes harmful substances in the desulfurization wastewater by using the sensible heat of the waste biomass gas, thereby saving energy and protecting environment, and the byproduct salt crystals have high purity and high added value.
The system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by utilizing sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation is convenient to overhaul and maintain: when tar deposition or damage of a single heat pipe caused by various reasons, the rest heat pipes can still work normally. Compared with the traditional heat conduction oil heat exchanger, each heat pipe of the heat pipe heat exchanger can work relatively independently, the heat pipe heat exchanger has the advantage of insensitivity to tar deposition, when the traditional heat conduction oil heat exchanger cleans deposited tar, tar needs to be removed from each pipeline machine, the heat pipe heat exchanger only needs to be drawn out quickly, and then a new heat pipe is replaced, so that the overhaul time and the overhaul labor cost are greatly saved.
Compared with the prior art that the sensible heat of the biomass gas is utilized to heat the condensed water, the invention has no influence on a thermodynamic system, and the thermodynamic system can be designed according to the lowest energy consumption and fire loss.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a system for utilize living beings gas sensible heat and flue gas evaporation to reduce discharging desulfurization waste water which characterized in that includes: the evaporation section of the heat pipe heat exchanger is communicated with the biomass high-temperature gas pipeline, and the condensation section of the heat pipe heat exchanger is communicated with the recirculated flue gas pipeline;
the heat pipe heat exchanger is used for cooling the biomass high-temperature fuel gas and heating the recirculated flue gas; the cooled biomass medium-temperature fuel gas enters a coal-fired unit for combustion and power generation; the heated recirculated flue gas enters a spray drying tower and then is mixed with desulfurization wastewater sprayed out of the spray drying tower, and then the recirculated flue gas enters a flue at the inlet of a dust remover and is converged with flue gas at the outlet of an air preheater of a coal-fired unit and then enters the dust remover for dust removal; the recirculation flue gas pipeline is communicated with a pipeline after dust removal of the dust remover;
the bottom of the spray drying tower is provided with an ash bucket and a bin pump, particles generated by evaporative crystallization of the desulfurization wastewater are collected into the ash bucket, and the particles in the ash bucket are accumulated to a preset height and then are discharged through the bin pump.
2. The system for reducing emission of desulfurization waste water by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dust remover is connected with the desulfurization island through an induced draft fan, the recirculated flue gas pipeline is led out from a flue behind the induced draft fan, and the recirculated flue gas pipeline is connected to the heat pipe heat exchanger through a flue gas recirculation fan.
3. The system for reducing emission of desulfurization waste water by utilizing sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dust remover is connected with the desulfurization island through an induced draft fan, the recirculated flue gas pipeline is led out from a flue behind the dust remover and in front of the induced draft fan, and the recirculated flue gas pipeline is connected to the heat pipe heat exchanger through a flue gas recirculation fan.
4. The system for reducing emission of desulfurization wastewater by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat pipe exchanger is formed by connecting at least two heat pipes in parallel.
5. The system for reducing emission of desulfurization waste water by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat pipe heat exchanger adopts a gravity heat pipe, and the recirculated flue gas pipeline is positioned above the biomass high-temperature fuel gas pipeline.
6. The system for reducing emission of desulfurization waste water by utilizing sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a desulfurization waste water storage tank for temporarily storing desulfurization waste water generated by the coal-fired unit, wherein when the biomass gasification furnace is put into operation, the desulfurization waste water in the desulfurization waste water storage tank is sprayed into the spray drying tower.
7. The system for reducing emission of desulfurization waste water by using sensible heat of biomass gas and flue gas evaporation as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an air preheater bypass flue, which is led out from a flue in front of the air preheater of the coal-fired unit and is connected to the spray drying tower, wherein the bypass flue gas from the air preheater bypass flue is mixed with the desulfurization waste water to generate an evaporative crystallization process; when the biomass gasification furnace normally operates, the air door on the bypass flue of the air preheater is closed, and the bypass flue of the air preheater does not operate.
8. The system for reducing emission of desulfurization waste water by utilizing biomass gas sensible heat and flue gas evaporation as claimed in claim 1, wherein a spray head for desulfurization waste water is arranged in the spray drying tower, and the desulfurization waste water is sprayed into the spray drying tower through the spray head and mixed with the recirculated hot flue gas to generate an evaporative crystallization process.
9. The working method of the system for reducing emission of desulfurization waste water by using the sensible heat of biomass gas and the evaporation of flue gas according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the heat pipe heat exchanger cools the biomass high-temperature fuel gas and heats the recirculated flue gas;
the cooled biomass medium-temperature fuel gas enters a coal-fired unit for combustion and power generation;
the heated recirculated flue gas enters a spray drying tower and then is mixed with desulfurization wastewater sprayed out of the spray drying tower, so that the desulfurization wastewater is evaporated and crystallized, and most of precipitated salt crystal particles enter an ash hopper of the spray drying tower through natural sedimentation;
the flue gas from the spray drying tower enters a flue at the inlet of a dust remover and is converged with the flue gas at the outlet of an air preheater of the coal-fired unit, and then the flue gas enters the dust remover for dust removal; the flue gas after dust removal is connected to a draught fan.
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