CN102414965B - Ac generator for vehicles - Google Patents
Ac generator for vehicles Download PDFInfo
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- CN102414965B CN102414965B CN201080017692.0A CN201080017692A CN102414965B CN 102414965 B CN102414965 B CN 102414965B CN 201080017692 A CN201080017692 A CN 201080017692A CN 102414965 B CN102414965 B CN 102414965B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
- H02K19/16—Synchronous generators
- H02K19/34—Generators with two or more outputs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/48—Arrangements for obtaining a constant output value at varying speed of the generator, e.g. on vehicle
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
An AC generator (1) for vehicles that has an outer rotor (2), and a stator (3) constituted by having multiple poles (30) with coils (4) wound around them arranged. The stator (3) has right-winding coils (4A) and left-winding coils (4B) arranged alternately, and repeatedly. The AC generator (1) for vehicles is provided with a switching circuit (6) that is constituted so as to; conduct power generation using all the coils (4) when the rotating velocity of the outer rotor is lower than a prescribed rotating velocity; and suspend power generation at a coil group (5B) that includes coils (4) of two or more poles (30) that are adjacent to each other, and conduct power generation at the remaining coil group (5A), when the rotating velocity of the outer rotor is equal to or higher than the prescribed rotating velocity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the AC generator for vehicle, it is configured to generate single-phase or many phase alternating current.
Background technology
For example, for the AC generator of the vehicle such as two-wheeled vehicle, comprise external rotor and be arranged in the stator in the inner circumferential side of this external rotor, wherein, in this external rotor, N utmost point permanent magnet and S utmost point permanent magnet are alternately arranged in a circumferential direction.By arranging that in a circumferential direction magnetic pole constructs stator, coil is wrapped in respectively around these magnetic poles.Then, for example, when the rotary power of rotor by engine rotates, due to the magnetic field of N utmost point permanent magnet and the magnetic field of S utmost point permanent magnet in position alternately and repeatedly relative with these magnetic poles, therefore in the coil being wound around round magnetic pole, produce AC voltage.
In addition, for example, patent file 1 has been described a kind of power control apparatus of the AC generator for vehicle.Increase the quantity of armature winding, until it reaches predetermined rotary speed, and after it reaches this predetermined rotary speed, reduce the quantity of armature winding.In the high rotary area of generator, the reducing of the output current that the impedance that power control apparatus is limited in armature winding generates while increasing.Therefore, output current not only can increase in low rotary area, also can in high rotary area, increase.
In addition, for example, patent file 2 has been described a kind of power supply unit for internal combustion engine.The generator coil of magnet generator is divided into the first coil and the second coil, and the connection status between coil is changed between series and parallel connections.In the lower speed range of engine, coil is connected in series, and in high speed range, coils from parallel connection of coils connects.Thereby, in magnet generator, can in high speed range, guarantee larger load current, and output while not wasting lower speed range.
Prior art document
Patent file
Patent file 1:JP-A-06-292329
Patent file 2:JP-A-10-108427
Summary of the invention
But patent file 1,2 does not disclose the connection status of the coil of stator, and which magnetic pole will be converted to change output characteristic.In addition, in patent file 1, although can increase output current in high rotary area, when the electric power that surpasses vehicle and need when the electric power due to generated makes the charging of battery become unnecessary, need to be cut off (being discharged into) with adjuster circuit.Now, when obtaining high electric power, increased the frictional force (rotational resistance etc.) producing for rotor, the operational efficiency of generator is reduced on the whole.
In view of this shortcoming, a target of the present invention is to provide a kind of AC generator for vehicle, and this generator can, in the high rotary area of engine, be maintained height according to the needs of vehicle by the operational efficiency of generator.
According to example of the present invention, for the AC generator of vehicle, comprise: external rotor; And be arranged in the stator in the inner circumferential side of described external rotor.Described external rotor has the N pole field of alternately arranging in a circumferential direction and forms parts and S pole field formation parts.Described stator has central core and is arranged in described central core magnetic pole around.Coil is wound around round the pole core of described magnetic pole respectively.When described N pole field forms parts and described S pole field, form parts alternately when magnetic pole is relative described in each, produce single-phase or heterogeneous AC power supplies.By alternately arranging right winding coil and left winding coil, construct coil.Described right winding coil is wound around round described pole core in a clockwise direction in coupled situation.Described left winding coil is wound around round described pole core with counter clockwise direction in coupled situation.Described AC generator also comprises: change-over circuit, it is configured to, when the rotary speed of described external rotor is during lower than predetermined value, with all described coils, generate electricity.Described change-over circuit be also configured to when the rotary speed of described external rotor higher than or while equaling described predetermined value, the coil groups of the coil of two or more magnetic poles that make to comprise that position is adjacent one another are is suspended, and generates electricity by remaining coil groups.
When the rotary speed of described external rotor equals or during higher than described predetermined value, AC generator of the present invention suspends the generating of predetermined coil groups, makes integrally to promote the operational efficiency of described generator.
Particularly, AC generator of the present invention has change-over circuit, and this change-over circuit can be changed and uses the state that all coils generates electricity or use a state generating electricity in described coil groups.
When AC generator operation of the present invention, if the rotary speed of described external rotor is less than described predetermined value (in the low rotary area of engine), use all coils to generate electricity.Therefore, can, in low rotary area, suitably guarantee energy output.
Comparatively speaking, if the rotary speed of described external rotor equals or higher than described predetermined value (in the high rotary area of engine), for the coil groups that comprises the coil of two or more magnetic poles that position is adjacent one another are, suspend, and use described remaining coil groups to generate electricity.Now, due to the coil of position two or more magnetic poles adjacent one another are be included in described can suspension coil group in, therefore can reduce wittingly the energy output in high rotary area.That is to say, electric current in position the coil midstream of two or more magnetic poles adjacent one another are moving, thereby form for the generating of described two or more magnetic poles contributive magnetic circuit of tool not.Therefore, reduced for the contributive magnetic flux of generating, made in high rotary area, to surpassing the excessive electrical generation of the demand of vehicle, to limit.In addition the frictional force (rotational resistance etc.) producing in the time of, can also reducing described external rotor rotation.
Therefore,, according to AC generator of the present invention, in the high rotary area of engine, can, according to the needs of vehicle, the operational efficiency of generator be maintained to height.
According to an example of the present invention, for the AC generator of vehicle, comprise: external rotor; And be arranged in the stator in the inner circumferential side of described external rotor.Described external rotor has the N pole field of alternately arranging in a circumferential direction and forms parts and S pole field formation parts.Described stator has central core and is arranged in described central core magnetic pole around.Coil is wound around round the pole core of described magnetic pole respectively.When described N pole field forms parts and described S pole field, form parts alternately when magnetic pole is relative described in each, produce single-phase or heterogeneous AC power supplies.By alternately arranging right winding coil and left winding coil, construct coil.Described right winding coil is wound around round described pole core in a clockwise direction in coupled situation.Described left winding coil is wound around round described pole core with counter clockwise direction in coupled situation.In addition, described AC generator also comprises: change-over circuit, if its rotary speed that is configured to described external rotor higher than or while equaling predetermined value described in rotary speed slowing down, suspend the coil of a plurality of magnetic poles, and being set up the coil of two or more magnetic poles adjacent one another are, not contraposition suspends, and generate electricity with described remaining coil, if and the rotary speed that is configured to described external rotor during lower than described predetermined value described in rotary speed slowing down, if or described rotary speed is being accelerated or constant in the whole region of described rotary speed, with all coils, generate electricity.
In AC generator of the present invention, when the rotary speed of described external rotor equals or higher than described predetermined value, and when described rotary speed is when slowing down, suspend the generating of certain coil group.Thereby, promote on the whole the operational efficiency of generator.
Particularly, AC generator of the present invention has change-over circuit, and this change-over circuit is the state of conversion generator between two states below: the state that uses all coils state generating electricity and a part of using coil to generate electricity.
When AC generator operation of the present invention, the rotary speed of described external rotor equal or situation higher than described predetermined value in (in the high rotary area at engine), if rotary speed is slowed down, by suspending the coil of magnetic pole, do not suspend the coil of position two or more magnetic poles adjacent one another are, and use remaining coil to generate electricity.Now, the coil by a plurality of positions magnetic pole one by one limit described can suspension coil group, described coil that can time-out group is between the magnetic pole generating electricity.That is to say, describedly can suspension coil group be formed by the right winding coil of all right winding coils or larger amt or the left winding coil of all left winding coils or larger amt.
Therefore,, when rotary speed promotes, can limit the increase of the impedance of whole coil.In addition, in the high rotary area of engine, have output current coil magnetic pole and not have the magnetic pole of coil of output current adjacent one another are in position, make in all magnetic poles, to form the contributive magnetic circuit that generates electricity.Therefore, can increase the energy output of whole coil.
In addition, now, when described external rotor rotation, frictional force (rotational resistance etc.) increases.But owing to now the rotation of engine being slowed down, so the deceleration that the increase of frictional force is rotated for engine is favourable.
Comparatively speaking, when the rotary speed of described external rotor is less than described predetermined speed (in the low rotary area at engine), if described rotary speed is being slowed down, if or described rotary speed accelerates or constant in the whole region of this rotary speed, generated electricity with all coils.Therefore, except particular case described above (wherein rotary speed equal or higher than described predetermined value in carry out to slow down), can suitably guarantee energy output.
In addition, in the present invention, when vehicle deceleration, can increase energy output, thus the energy output while reducing vehicle acceleration or low speed driving.Therefore the loss in the time of, can reducing to generate electricity.
According to AC generator of the present invention, in the high rotary area of engine, can, based on the needed electric weight of vehicle, the operational efficiency of whole generator be maintained to height.
When winding direction between right winding coil and left winding coil is contrary, the winding direction of coil is not so limited.
In addition, generator can be configured to the battery of vehicle to charge.When the cell voltage of measuring equals or during higher than predetermined value, can carry out conversion and control with described change-over circuit.
By winding magnet-wire, connect a plurality of continuous coil groups and construct whole coil, wherein, in described a plurality of continuous coil groups, coil connects continuously by connecting line, and in described a plurality of continuous coil groups one suspendable coil groups during with generating is corresponding.
In this case, can easily form these coils by forming these continuous coil groups, and can easily form suspendable coil groups.
Quantity that can suspension coil group can be to be different from one a plurality of.In this case, according to the lifting of the rotary speed of described external rotor, the quantity of the coil groups of suspending while increasing generating step by step.
Change-over circuit can to the whole generating states that generate electricity with all coils or suspend described can suspension coil group generating and with the part generating state that described remaining coil groups is generated electricity, change.In the whole region of the rotary speed of described external rotor, to compare with the needed electric weight of vehicle, the energy output in described whole generating states is larger.In the whole region of the rotary speed of described external rotor, to compare with described whole generating states, the energy output in described part generating state is less.Described change-over circuit is carried out described conversion at described predetermined rotary speed place, and it is large that described predetermined rotary speed is set to the rotary speed that becomes while being greater than the needed electric weight of vehicle than the energy output in wherein said part generating state.
In this case, if it is suitable forming the layout of described coil that can suspension coil group, when the needed electric weight of vehicle is enough, described change-over circuit is selected described part generating state, and the adjuster circuit of the charging of control battery reduces the electric weight that cuts off (or discharging into ground).Therefore, the frictional force producing in the time of can effectively reducing described rotor, and improve on the whole the operational efficiency of generator.
Rotary speed while becoming larger than the needed electric weight of vehicle with the energy output of described part generating state is compared, and the predetermined rotary speed of described change-over circuit being carried out to described conversion arranges greatlyr a little.
Described AC generator produces single-phase electricity, and by constructing described suspendable coil groups to assemble the position of (gathered) state in a part for circumferencial direction three or more magnetic poles adjacent one another are.
Described AC generator produces single-phase electricity, described can suspension coil group comprise the coil of two magnetic poles that position is adjacent one another are and in circumferencial direction with the coil of described two magnetic poles at a distance of a magnetic pole of one or two magnetic pole, describedly can suspension coil group there is the part that part that described right winding coil is connected by connecting line continuously with described left winding coil is connected continuously with described right winding coil.
Described AC generator generation single-phase electricity, in described stator, alternately layout formation is described can the magnetic pole of suspension coil group and the magnetic pole of the described remaining coil groups of formation.
In these cases, in producing the generator of single-phase electricity, in the high rotary area of engine, the frictional force producing in the time of can effectively reducing described external rotor rotation.
Described AC generator produces three-phase electricity.U phase, V phase and W phase coil are wrapped in respectively on the pole core of U phase, V phase and W phase magnetic pole, wherein said U phase, V phase and W phase magnetic pole are repeatedly arranged round the central core of described stator with same sequence.Described can suspension coil group formation by one group of U phase, V phase and W phase magnetic pole adjacent one another are on position and that be gathered in the part of described circumferencial direction.
Described AC generator produces three-phase electricity.U phase, V phase and W phase coil are wrapped in respectively on the pole core of U phase, V phase and W phase magnetic pole, wherein said U phase, V phase and W phase magnetic pole are repeatedly arranged round the central core of described stator with same sequence.Form described can suspension coil group U phase, V phase and W phase magnetic pole and U phase, V phase and the W phase magnetic pole that forms described remaining coil groups be alternately arranged in described stator.
In these cases, in producing the generator of three-phase electricity, in the high rotary area of engine, the frictional force producing in the time of can effectively reducing described external rotor rotation.
Change-over circuit to the whole generating states that generate electricity with all coils or suspend described can suspension coil group generating and with the part generating state that described remaining coil groups is generated electricity, change.In the whole region of the rotary speed of described external rotor, to compare with the needed electric weight of vehicle, the energy output in described whole generating states is larger.When described external rotor has while comparing less rotary speed with predetermined critical value, energy output in described part generating state is less than the energy output in described whole generating state, when having, described external rotor equals or during higher than the rotary speed of described predetermined critical value, the energy output in described part generating state is greater than the energy output in described whole generating state.The described predetermined rotary speed of can described change-over circuit carrying out described conversion is set to described predetermined critical value or its neighbor.
In this case, the layout that forms described coil that can suspension coil group is suitable.Due to described change-over circuit, when described rotary speed be equal to, or greater than described predetermined critical value or its neighbor simultaneously described rotary speed when slowing down, can effectively increase the energy output of whole coil.
By described connecting line, connect all described left winding coils, or connect continuously the left winding coil of residue except a part for described left winding coil by described connecting line, limit described can suspension coil group, by described connecting line, connect all described right winding coils, or a part that connects all described right winding coils and described left winding coil by described connecting line, limits described remaining coil groups.
In this case, in the high rotary area of engine, when described rotary speed is slowed down, can effectively increase the energy output of whole coil.
Accompanying drawing explanation
[Fig. 1] shows according to the explanatory of the stator of the AC generator for vehicle of the first embodiment.
[Fig. 2] shows the explanatory of the AC generator of the first embodiment.
[Fig. 3] is the figure of electric current output state that has schematically shown the AC generator of the first embodiment.
[Fig. 4] shows the illustrative cross sectional view of the AC generator of the first embodiment.
[Fig. 5] schematically shown the change-over circuit of the first embodiment and the circuit view of adjuster circuit.
[Fig. 6] shows the explanatory of another stator example of the first embodiment.
[Fig. 7] shows the explanatory of another stator example of the first embodiment.
[Fig. 8] shows the explanatory of another stator example of the first embodiment.
[Fig. 9] shows the explanatory of another stator example of the first embodiment.
[Figure 10] is the circuit view that has schematically shown another change-over circuit example of the first embodiment.
[Figure 11] shows according to the explanatory of the stator of the second embodiment.
[Figure 12] shows the U continuous explanatory of the formation state of coil groups mutually of another stator example of the second embodiment.
[Figure 13] shows the V continuous explanatory of the formation state of coil groups mutually of another stator example of the second embodiment.
[Figure 14] shows the W continuous explanatory of the formation state of coil groups mutually of another stator example of the second embodiment.
[Figure 15] is the figure having schematically shown according to the electric current output state of the AC generator for vehicle of the 3rd embodiment.
[Figure 16] shows the explanatory of the stator of the 3rd embodiment.
[Figure 17] shows the explanatory of another stator example of the 3rd embodiment.
[Figure 18] shows the explanatory of another stator example of the 3rd embodiment.
[Figure 19] shows according to the figure of the change of the output current of each AC generator of confirming to test.
[Figure 20] shows the figure of change of frictional force of each AC generator of described confirmation test.
[Figure 21] shows according to effect explanation, the explanatory that the value of the magnetic flux in the magnetic pole of these embodiment is changed.
[Figure 22] shows in effect explanation, when the changing by state of magnetic flux, and the explanatory that the value of the magnetic flux in the magnetic pole of these embodiment is changed.
[Figure 23] shows in effect explanation, the explanatory that the value of the magnetic flux in the magnetic pole of comparative product is changed.
[Figure 24] shows in effect explanation, in the situation that considering iron loss, and the explanatory that the value of the magnetic flux in the magnetic pole of these embodiment is changed.
[Figure 25] shows in effect explanation, in the situation that considering iron loss, and when the changing by state of magnetic flux, the explanatory that the value of the magnetic flux in the magnetic pole of these embodiment is changed.
[Figure 26] shows in effect explanation, in the situation that considering iron loss, and the explanatory that the value of the magnetic flux in the magnetic pole of comparative product is changed.
[Figure 27] shows in effect explanation, the figure of these embodiment that produced by iron loss and the difference of the output current between comparative product, and wherein the transverse axis of this figure is indicated rotary speed, the longitudinal axis indication output current of this figure.
Embodiment
(the first embodiment)
Below, about the AC generator for vehicle of the present invention, with reference to accompanying drawing, the first embodiment is described.As shown in Figure 2, the AC generator 1 of the vehicle of the first embodiment (below referred to as AC generator 1) comprises external rotor 2 and is arranged in the stator 3 in the inner circumferential side of external rotor 2, wherein, in external rotor 2, N pole field forms parts 22N and S pole field formation parts 22S alternately arranges on circumferencial direction C.By magnetic pole 30 being arranged in to central core 31, construct stator 3 around, coil 4 is wrapped in respectively around the pole core 32 of these magnetic poles.N pole field form parts 22N and S pole field form parts 22S be positioned as alternately relative with each magnetic pole 30, thereby generator 1 is configured to produce single-phase AC electrical power.
As shown in Figure 1, by alternately arranging that right winding coil 4A and left winding coil 4B construct the coil 4 of stator 3.R is round pole core 32 windings in a clockwise direction in coupled situation for coil 4A, and coil 4B is wound around round pole core 32 with counter clockwise direction L in coupled situation.
As shown in Figure 3, when the rotary speed of external rotor 2 is less than predetermined rotary speed N1, AC generator 1 use all coils 4 generates electricity.Comparatively speaking, generator 1 has change-over circuit 6, when the rotary speed of external rotor 2 higher than or while equaling predetermined rotary speed N1, change-over circuit 6 stops the generating at coil groups 5B place, and generates electricity at remaining coil groups 5A place.Coil groups 5B comprises the coil 4 of two or more magnetic poles 30 that position is adjacent one another are.
Below, the details of AC generator 1 is described with reference to Fig. 1-Figure 10.
The AC generator 1 of this embodiment is the single-phase magnetic-type AC generator for two-wheeled vehicle, and its rotation in response to engine is generated electricity.The electric current producing is for charging to battery 73 and lamp 74 being brightened.
As shown in Figure 4, external rotor 2 is connected with the arbor 11 of engine, and it is configured to rotate in response to the rotation of engine.By alternately arranging in the inner circumferential side in cylindrical yoke 21 that forming N pole field forms the permanent magnet of parts 22N and form the permanent magnet that S pole field forms parts 22S, constructs external rotor 2.In addition, stator 3 is fixed on the housing 10 that is connected to engine etc.For example, central core 31 and pole core 32 are made by soft magnet material.The bobbin that insulating resin is made is arranged into the periphery of each magnetic pole 30, and each coil 4 is wrapped in around this bobbin.In addition the magnet-wire that, forms coil 4 is made by the conductor of the copper cash such as covering with insulating barrier etc.In same accompanying drawing, the direction of principal axis of L indication generator 1.
As shown in Figure 1, a plurality of by connecting (being in this embodiment two) continuous coil group 5 is constructed coil 4, constructs coil groups 5, so that by connecting line 41 connecting coils 4 by being wound around magnet-wire.In order easily to understand Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, omitted the winding state of coil 4, and indicated connecting line 41 with schematic line.
Use a magnet-wire to pass through connecting coil 4 continuously, form continuous coil group 5.Connecting line 41 connects the coil 4 of magnetic pole 30, and on the end face of central core 31 or pole core 32, between magnetic pole 30, intersects on direction of principal axis.Coil groups 5 interconnects by the (not shown)s such as metal connector that are arranged in central core 31.
By two coil groups 5, construct whole coil 4, in coil groups 5 one suspendable can suspension coil group 5B corresponding with when the generating.
The coil (magnetic pole 30) that shade circle indication in Fig. 1 is generated electricity in a part for coil 4 is suspended the part generating state W2 of generating.
Can suspension coil group 5B comprise the coil 4 of two magnetic poles 30 that position is adjacent one another are and on circumferencial direction C with the coil 4 of these two magnetic poles at a distance of the magnetic pole 30 of one or two magnetic pole 30.Can there is the coupling part that right winding coil 4A connects by the connecting line 41 continuous coupling parts that are connected and right winding coil 4A each other continuously with left winding coil 4B by suspension coil group 5B.Residue coil groups 5A comprise the coil 4 of two magnetic poles 30 that position is adjacent one another are and on circumferencial direction C with the coil 4 of these two magnetic poles at a distance of the magnetic pole 30 of one or two magnetic pole 30.Residue coil groups 5B has the coupling part that right winding coil 4A connects by the connecting line 41 continuous coupling parts that are connected and left winding coil 4B each other continuously with left winding coil 4B.
Here, at winding direction, in the situation that being contrary between right winding coil 4A and left winding coil 4B, winding direction is not so limited.In Fig. 1, R shows the clockwise direction of right winding coil 4A, and L shows the counter clockwise direction of left winding coil 4B.
Fig. 5 is the figure that the electricity composition of the AC generator 1 with change-over circuit 6 and adjuster circuit 7 is described, wherein the charge/discharge of change- over circuit 6 and 7 pairs of electric power that produce of adjuster circuit is controlled.
Change-over circuit 6 can be at part generating state W2 and all between generating state W1, the generating state of generator 1 is changed.In part generating state W2, the generating at suspension coil group 5B place, and generate electricity at residue coil groups 5A place.In whole generating state W1, use these two coil groups 5 (all coils 4) to carry out generating.
In the stator 3 of the present embodiment, by being connected in series these two coil groups 5, form single phase winding 4.By first group of 5A being arranged on to ground side generating all the time, second group of 5B (can suspend power coil group 5B) be arranged on the positive pole of battery 73 and can suspend generating, construct this two coil groups 5.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, the stator 3 of this embodiment has the magnetic pole 30 of 16 magnetic poles (16 pieces).By each connecting line 41, with the continuous connecting link right winding coil 4A adjacent one another are to the guiding part 42A on ground, three right winding coil 4A, position and left winding coil 4B, right winding coil 4A, position right winding coil 4A adjacent one another are and the order of the intermediate connector 43 between left winding coil 4B, first group of 5A and second group of 5B, use magnet-wire structure residue coil groups (a first coil groups) 5A.In addition, by each connecting line 41, with the order that connects continuously intermediate connector 43, position right winding coil 4A adjacent one another are and left winding coil 4B, three right winding coil 4A, position right winding coil 4A adjacent one another are and left winding coil 4B, a left winding coil 4B and be connected to the anodal guiding part 42B of battery 73, use magnet-wire structure corresponding with the second coil groups 5B can suspension coil group 5B.
In this example, by AC generator 1, change-over circuit 6 and adjuster circuit 7, construct the electricity generation system that battery 73 is charged and lamp 74 is brightened.As shown in Figure 5, adjuster circuit 7 has battery charger 71 and lamp lighting circuit 72, wherein, the electric power that battery charger 71 use are produced by AC generator 1 is controlled the charging of battery 73, and the electric power that lamp lighting circuit 72 use are produced by AC generator 1 brightens lamp 74.
The AC generator 1 of this example produces single-phase AC voltage.The positive pole of single-phase sinusoidal voltage is for charging to battery, and the negative pole of this voltage is used for making lamp to brighten.
In addition, change-over circuit 6 has respectively transition components 61A, the 61B (for example, thyristor) corresponding with the first coil groups 5A and the second coil groups 5B, and is constructed to these transition components 61A, 61B to carry out conversion and control.Change-over circuit 6 is carried out the conversion and control of transition components 61A, 61B (for example, thyristor), thereby all between generating state W1 and part generating state W2, is changing.In whole generating state W1, the first coil groups 5A and the second coil groups 5B are all electrically connected to battery 73.In part generating state W2, only the first coil groups 5A is electrically connected to battery 73.
The first coil groups 5A and the second coil groups 5B for example, are connected to respectively positive pole and the load 75 of battery 73 by transition components 61A and 61B (, thyristor).Change-over circuit 6 is opened the transition components 61A of high-voltage side, and closes the transition components 61B of low voltage side, to form whole generating state W1.Change-over circuit 6 cuts out the transition components 61A of high-voltage side, and opens the transition components 61B of low voltage side, so that forming section generating state W2.
Change-over circuit 6 is constructed to operate in response to the signal from ECU (engine control unit) 8.
Fig. 3 is the figure that has schematically shown the electric current output state of generator 1.The rotary speed that represents external rotor 2 along axis of abscissas, represents the output current from stator 3 along axis of ordinates.
The figure shows in the whole region of the rotary speed of external rotor 2, all the output current l1 in generating state W1 situations and the output current l2 in part generating state W2 situation.In addition also show, the needed demand current Ir of AC generator 1 of vehicle.In addition, for example, in the adjuster circuit 7 of AC generator 1, use carbon resistor in pressure constant state, battery 73 to be charged.
As shown in Figure 3, in the whole region of the rotary speed of the external rotor 2 of generator 1, needed demand current Ir compares with vehicle, and all electric current l1 during generating state W1 is larger.In addition, in the whole region of the rotary speed of external rotor 2, the electric current l1 during with whole generating state W1 compares, and electric current l2 during part generating state W2 is less.At predetermined rotary speed N1 place, by change-over circuit 6, change whole generating state W1 and part generating state W2.It is slightly large that predetermined rotary speed N1 is set to the rotary speed that becomes while being greater than demand current lr than the electric current l2 of part generating state W2.
Thereby in the low rotary area of engine, all generating state W1 satisfies the demands electric current lr.On the other hand, in the high rotary area of engine, lr compares with demand current, due to part generating state W2, can limit current generated excessive output.
In addition, flowing of electric current l2 in part generating state W2 has been shown in Fig. 1, flowing of electric current l1 in whole generating state W1 has been shown in Fig. 2.
As long as the coil 4 that can suspension coil group 5B (second group of 5B) comprises two or more magnetic poles 30 that position is adjacent one another are of the stator 3 of the present embodiment, it just can have other layout.Show some examples of other layout that can suspension coil group 5B below.
For example, as shown in Figure 6, in the situation that arrange the magnetic pole 30 of 16 magnetic poles (16 pieces) in stator 3, use a magnet-wire, by connecting three coils in three magnetic poles 30 adjacent one another are of two groups of positions 4, one group of two coils 4 of two magnetic poles 30 that position is adjacent one another are and coil 4 of a magnetic pole 30, construct and first group of residue coil groups 5A that 5A is corresponding.In this case, use a magnet-wire, by connecting three groups of two coils 4 of two magnetic poles 30 and coils 4 of a magnetic pole 30 that position is adjacent one another are, construct corresponding with second group of 5B can suspension coil group 5B.
In addition, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, in the situation that arrange the magnetic pole 30 of 20 magnetic poles (20 pieces) in stator 3, use a magnet-wire, by the coil 4 of link position 13 (or 12) magnetic poles 30 adjacent one another are, construct and first group of residue coil groups 5A that 5A is corresponding.In this case, use a magnet-wire, by the coil 4 of link position seven (or eight) magnetic poles 30 adjacent one another are, construct corresponding with second group of 5B can suspension coil group 5B.
In addition, the pole core 32 with coil 4 can be installed to central core 31 on direction of principal axis.Now, the connecting line of first group of 5A 41 can be arranged on direction of principal axis to the end face of central core 31 or pole core 32, the connecting line of second group of 5B 41 be arranged on direction of principal axis to another end face of central core 31 or pole core 32.
In addition, as shown in Figure 9, in the situation that arrange the magnetic pole 30 of 20 magnetic poles (20 pieces) in stator 3, use a magnet-wire, by connecting three coils 4 of four groups of positions, three magnetic poles 30 adjacent one another are, construct and first group of residue coil groups 5A that 5A is corresponding.In this case, use a magnet-wire, by connecting two coils 4 of four groups of positions, two magnetic poles 30 adjacent one another are, construct corresponding with second group of 5B can suspension coil group 5B.In addition, in this case, in stator 3, corresponding with first group of 5A three magnetic poles 30 and alternately being arranged 4 times with two magnetic poles 30 corresponding to second group of 5B.
In the AC of this example generator 1, when the rotary speed of external rotor 2 is equal to, or greater than predetermined rotary speed N1, suspend the generating in specific coil groups 5.Thereby, promote on the whole the operational efficiency of generator.
Particularly, AC generator 1 has change-over circuit 6, and this change-over circuit 6 can be changed the state that uses all coils 4 generatings, or uses the state of a coil groups 5 generatings.
When 1 operation of the AC of this example generator, if the rotary speed of external rotor 2 is less than predetermined rotary speed N1 (in the low rotary area of engine), with all coils 4, generate electricity.Thereby, in low rotary area, can suitably guarantee energy output.
On the other hand, when the rotary speed of external rotor 2 is more than or equal to predetermined rotary speed N1 (in the high rotary area of engine), stop can suspension coil group (second group) 5B place generating, and with first group of 5A, carry out generating, wherein can suspension coil group 5B comprise the coil 4 of two or more magnetic poles 30 that position is adjacent one another are.Now, owing to comprising the coil 4 of two or more magnetic poles 30 that position is adjacent one another are by suspension coil group 5B, so can reduce wittingly energy output in high rotary area.That is to say, electric current does not flow in the coil 4 of position two or more magnetic poles 30 adjacent one another are, thereby forms the magnetic circuit generating of these two or more magnetic poles 30 not being contributed.Therefore the magnetic flux that, contributes to generating reduces.In high rotary area, can reduce the excessive generating that the amount required with vehicle compared, and the frictional force (rotational resistance etc.) can reduce external rotor 2 rotation time.
Therefore,, according to the AC generator 1 of this example, in the high rotary area of engine, the operational efficiency of generator can the electric weight demand based on vehicle be maintained height on the whole.
In addition quantity that, can suspension coil group 5B can be to be different from one a plurality of.For example, as shown in figure 10, can limit two can suspension coil group 5B.When the rotary speed of external rotor 2 becomes while being equal to, or greater than the first predetermined rotary speed, stop the generating in a coil groups 5B (2).When the rotary speed of external rotor 2 becomes while being equal to, or greater than the second predetermined rotary speed, stop the generating in two coil groups 5B (1), 5B (2), wherein the second predetermined rotary speed is higher than the first predetermined rotary speed.Conventionally, a trend is: along with the rotary speed of external rotor 2 uprises, energy output improves.In this case, may correspondingly make energy output become the amount of excessive degree.The composition of change-over circuit 6 and adjuster circuit 7 is identical with the composition in Fig. 5.
(the second embodiment)
This embodiment is the example in the three-phase AC of vehicle generator by the structure applications of the single-phase AC generator in the first embodiment.
As shown in figure 11, in the stator 3 of three-phase AC generator 1, round central core 31, with same sequence, repeatedly arrange U phase, V phase and W phase magnetic pole 30, U phase, V phase and W phase coil 4 are wound around around pole core 32 respectively.
The stator 3 of this example has the magnetic pole 30 of 18 magnetic poles (18 pieces).With same sequence, the magnetic pole 30 of U phase, V phase and W phase is repeatedly arranged 6 times.The first continuous coil group 5A of this example consists of three groups of magnetic poles 30 with U phase, V phase and W phase, and wherein the magnetic pole 30 of these U phases, V phase and W phase is adjacent one another are in position in a part of circumferencial direction C to assemble (gathered) state.During generating, suspendable continuous coil group (second group) 5B consists of three groups of magnetic poles 30 with U phase, V phase and W phase, and wherein the magnetic pole 30 of these U phases, V phase and W phase is adjacent one another are in position in another part of circumferencial direction C with coherent condition.
Each in first group of 5A and second group of 5B has three phases for U phase, V phase and W phase.About each phase place, first group of 5A is connected with series system with second group of 5B.
In addition,, as shown in Figure 12-Figure 14, can, by the U phase, V phase and the W phase magnetic pole 30 that form U phase, V phase and W phase magnetic pole 30 that can time-out group (second group) 5B and form first group of 5A are replaced to layout, construct the stator 3 of three-phase AC generator 1.The U that Figure 12 shows first group of 5A and second group of 5B forms state mutually.The V that Figure 13 shows first group of 5A and second group of 5B forms state mutually.The W that Figure 14 shows first group of 5A and second group of 5B forms state mutually.
In addition, in Figure 11-Figure 14, the clockwise winding direction of the clockwise coil 4A of UR indication U phase.The counterclockwise winding direction of the counterclockwise coil 4B of UL indication U phase.The clockwise winding direction of the clockwise coil 4A of VR indication V phase.The counterclockwise winding direction of the counterclockwise coil 4B of VL indication V phase.The clockwise winding direction of the clockwise coil 4A of WR indication W phase.The counterclockwise winding direction of the counterclockwise coil 4B of WL indication W phase.
In the threephase generator 1 of the present embodiment, in the high rotary area of engine, the frictional force producing in the time of can effectively reducing external rotor 2 rotation.
Other composition in the second embodiment is identical with the composition in the first embodiment, and can obtain the effect almost identical with the first embodiment.
(the 3rd embodiment)
In this embodiment, in single-phase AC generator, the layout of the coil that formation can suspension coil group 5B is different from the layout in the first embodiment, and has improved the energy output in the high rotary area of engine.
The AC generator 1 of the present embodiment has change-over circuit 6, and the state that the state that this change-over circuit generates electricity to use all coils 4 or a part of using coil 4 are generated electricity is changed.As shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16, in the situation that the rotary speed of external rotor 2 equals or higher than predetermined value N2, if rotary speed is slowed down, change-over circuit 6 be configured to suspend under state that the coil 4 at position two or more magnetic poles 30 adjacent one another are do not have to suspend magnetic pole 30 can suspension coil group 5B generating, and generate electricity with remaining coil groups 5A.Comparatively speaking, in the situation that the rotary speed of external rotor 2 is lower than predetermined value N2, if rotary speed is slowed down, if or in whole rotary speed region rotary speed accelerate or remain unchanged, change-over circuit 6 is configured to use all coils 4 to generate electricity.
As shown in figure 15, by being wound around two continuous coil groups 5 of magnet-wire connection, construct coil 4, in this continuous coil group 5, via connecting line 41, carry out connecting coil 4 continuously.These two coil groups 5 are connected in series, and construct (referring to Fig. 5) by the second group of 5B (can suspend power coil group 5B) that is arranged on first group of 5A of side place, ground and generating all the time and be arranged on the side of the positive electrode of battery 73 and can suspend generating.
Change-over circuit 6 can be at whole generating states of conversion generator 1 between generating state W1 and part generating state W2.In whole generating state W1, with all coils 4, carry out generating.In part generating state W2, the generating that suspension coil group 5B (second group of 5B) locates, and generate electricity at residue coil groups 5A place.
Figure 15 is the figure that has schematically shown the electric current output state of generator 1.The rotary speed that represents external rotor 2 along axis of abscissas, represents the output current from stator 3 along axis of ordinates.
The figure shows in the whole region of the rotary speed of external rotor 2, all the output current l1 in generating state W1 situations and the output current l2 in part generating state W2 situation.In addition also show, the required demand current Ir of AC generator 1 of vehicle.In the adjuster circuit 7 of AC generator 1, for example, use carbon resistor in pressure constant state, battery 73 to be charged.
As shown in figure 15, in generator 1, when external rotor 2 has the rotary speed that is less than predetermined critical rotation speed N2, electric current l1 during with whole generating state W1 compares, electric current l2 during part generating state W2 is less, when external rotor 2 has, equal or during higher than the rotary speed of predetermined critical rotation speed N2, the electric current l1 during with whole generating state W1 compares, electric current l2 during part generating state W2 is larger.Change-over circuit 6 is carried out conversion at predetermined value N2 place, and this predetermined value N2 is set to critical rotation speed N2 or its neighbor.
Thereby in the low rotary area of engine, all generating state W1 satisfies the demands electric current lr.On the other hand, in the high rotary area of engine, due to part generating state W2, electric current l2 becomes larger.
As shown in figure 16, the stator 3 of this embodiment has the magnet-wire of use, by connecting line 41, connect continuously the first coil groups 5A that all right winding coil 4A form, and use a magnet-wire, by connecting line 41, connect continuously the second coil groups 5B that all left winding coil 4B form (can suspension coil group 5B).In stator 3, the magnetic pole 30 of generating all the time is alternately arranged one by one with the magnetic pole 30 that can suspend generating.In addition, this figure has indicated stator 3 to have the situation of the magnetic pole 30 of 16 magnetic poles (16 pieces).
As long as can suspend a plurality of magnetic poles 30 coil 4 places generating and do not suspend the coil 4 of position two or more magnetic poles 30 adjacent one another are, stator 3 can just can there is other layout by suspension coil group (second group) 5B.Show below can suspension coil group 5B some arrange examples.
For example, as shown in figure 17, in the situation that stator 3 has the magnetic pole 30 of 16 magnetic poles (16 pieces), use a magnet-wire, by connecting line 41, form continuously all (8) right winding coil 4A and two left winding coil 4B, to form the first coil groups 5A.In addition, use a magnet-wire, by connecting line 41, form continuously remaining (6) left winding coil 4B, to form the second coil groups 5B (can time-out group 5B).
In addition, for example, as shown in figure 18, in the situation that stator 3 has 20 magnetic poles (20) magnetic pole 30, use a magnet-wire, by connecting line 41, form continuously all (10) left winding coil 4B and two right winding coil 4A, to form the first coil groups 5A.In addition, use a magnet-wire, by connecting line 41, form continuously remaining (8) right winding coil 4A, to form the second coil groups 5B (can time-out group 5B).
In the AC of this example generator 1, when the rotary speed of external rotor 2 equals or higher than predetermined critical value N2, and when rotary speed is slowed down, suspend the generating in specific coil groups 5.Thereby, promote on the whole the operational efficiency of generator.
When 1 operation of the AC of this example generator, in the situation that the rotary speed of external rotor 2 equals or higher than predetermined critical speed N2 (in the high rotary area of engine), if rotary speed is slowed down, with first group of 5A, generate electricity, and suspend second group of 5B.Now, be positioned at the mode of the both sides of the coil of organizing 5B with the magnetic pole 30 generating electricity, with the coil 4 that is positioned at one by one the magnetic pole 30 of a plurality of positions, limiting can suspension coil group 5B.(that is to say, can suspension coil group 5B be that the left winding coil 4B by all left winding coil 4B or larger amt forms, or formed by the right winding coil 4A of all right winding coil 4A or larger amt.)
Thereby when promoting rotary speed, impedance that can limiting coil 4 increases.In addition, in the high rotary area of engine, have output current coil 4 magnetic pole 30 and not have the magnetic pole 30 of coil 4 of output current adjacent one another are in position, make in all magnetic poles 30, to form the contributive magnetic circuit that generates electricity.Therefore, can increase the energy output of whole coil 4.
In addition, now, when external rotor 2 rotation, frictional force (rotational resistance etc.) increases.But owing to now the rotation of engine being slowed down, so the increase of this friction becomes favourable for engine rotation deceleration.
Comparatively speaking, when if the rotary speed of external rotor 2 is less than predetermined speed N2 (in the low rotary area of engine), rotary speed is being slowed down, if or rotary speed, accelerating or remaining unchanged, is used all coils 4 (first group of 5A and second group of 5B) to generate electricity in the whole region of rotary speed.Therefore,, outside particular case described above (wherein, equal or during higher than predetermined value N2, carry out and slow down in rotary speed), can suitably guarantee energy output.
In addition, in this example, energy output can be increased when vehicle deceleration, the energy output in the time of can also reducing vehicle acceleration or low speed driving.Therefore the loss in the time of, can reducing generating.
According to the AC generator 1 of this example, in the high rotary area of engine, electric weight that can be based on vehicle needs, is maintained height on the whole by the operational efficiency of generator.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the composition of change-over circuit 6 and adjuster circuit 7 is identical with the composition in Fig. 5.Other composition is similar to the composition in the first embodiment, and can obtain the advantage identical with the first embodiment.
Although omitted accompanying drawing, the layout of the magnetic pole of this embodiment 30 can be applied to three-phase AC generator 1.For example, in having wherein U phase, V phase and W phase magnetic pole 30 and repeat with same sequence to arrange the stator 3 of 18 magnetic poles 30 of 6 times, first group of U phase magnetic pole 30, second group of V phase magnetic pole 30, the 3rd group of W phase magnetic pole 30, the 4th group of U phase magnetic pole 30, the 5th group of V phase magnetic pole 30 and the 6th group of W phase magnetic pole 30 can be defined as can suspension coil group 5B.
In addition, in this embodiment, particularly in single-phase AC generator 1, can form a plurality of can suspension coil group 5B, and along with the increase of rotary speed, adjuster circuit 6 can increase the quantity of the group 5B of time-out.
(confirming test)
In confirming test, in the AC generator 1 of the first embodiment or the 3rd embodiment, about whole generating state W1 with about part generating state W2, the change of the output current (energy output) in the whole region of the rotary speed of measurement external rotor 2 and the change of frictional force.
Figure 19 shows the figure of change of the energy output of generator 1.The rotary speed (rpm) that represents external rotor 2 along axis of abscissas, represents the output current (A) from stator 3 along axis of ordinates.In addition, Figure 20 shows the figure of change of the frictional force of generator 1.The rotary speed (rpm) that represents external rotor 2 along axis of abscissas, is illustrated in external rotor 2 frictional force (rotational resistance) that produces (W) along axis of ordinates.
In addition,, in each generator 1, the output voltage of stator 3 is set to constant (14V).
In Figure 19 and Figure 20, pattern 1 (all generating states) represents to use whole generating state W1 (referring to Fig. 7 of the first embodiment) of all 20 magnetic poles.Pattern 2 (part generating state 1) represent to be used the part generating state W2 of 13 magnetic poles, wherein magnetic pole 30 adjacent one another are do not generate electricity (Fig. 7 of the first embodiment) on seven positions.Mode 3 (part generating state 1) represent to be used the part generating state W2 of 12 magnetic poles, wherein magnetic pole 30 adjacent one another are do not generate electricity (Fig. 8 of the first embodiment) on eight positions.Pattern 4 (part generating state 1) expressed portion is divided generating state W2, and wherein, two magnetic poles 30 that do not generate electricity and three magnetic poles 30 that generate electricity are alternately arranged (Fig. 9 of the first embodiment).Pattern 5 (part generating state 2) represents two or more magnetic poles not generate electricity mode not adjacent to each other in position, forms the state (Figure 18 of the 3rd embodiment) of magnetic pole 30.
In Figure 19 and Figure 20, along with the increase of the rotary speed of external rotor 2, the two all increases output current and frictional force.When rotary speed increases, frictional force increases, and output current increases simultaneously.
In Figure 19, in the whole region of rotary speed, needed demand current lr compares with vehicle, and the output current l1 of whole generating state W1 (pattern 1) is set to become larger.Comparatively speaking, in the region of rotary speed that is equal to or higher than about 2000 (rpm), lr compares with demand current, and the output current l2 of the part generating state W2 (pattern 2-4) of the first embodiment becomes larger.Signal in response from vehicle, in the situation that adjuster circuit 7 cuts off the output current higher than demand current lr, if output current does not become far above demand current lr, can reduce loss, and making limiting friction power to increase.
Therefore, in the generator 1 of the stator with 20 magnetic poles 3 shown in the first embodiment, in region in rotary speed slightly higher than 2000 (rpm), whole generating state W1 are converted to part generating state W2, thereby limiting friction power increases, make to promote on the whole the operational efficiency of generator.
In addition, rotary speed equal or region higher than about 3400 (rpm) in, the output current l2 of the part generating state W2 (pattern 5) shown in the 3rd embodiment becomes and is greater than the output current l1 of whole generating state W1 (pattern 1).When the signal in response to from vehicle, need to make output current become higher than demand current lr, so that while promoting the charging rate of battery 73, better mode is to promote output current.
Therefore, in the generator 1 of the stator with 20 magnetic poles 3 shown in the 3rd embodiment, when vehicle is when slowing down, in region in rotary speed higher than about 3400 (rpm), whole generating state W1 are transformed into part generating state W2, thereby increase the energy output of whole coil 4, make to promote on the whole the operational efficiency of generator.In addition, in this case, because the increase of frictional force is conducive to the rotation of engine to be slowed down, so the increase of frictional force is favourable.
(explanation of effect of the present invention)
Below by the use with as example, there is the comparison of comparative product of the stator 3 of eight magnetic poles 30, the good result of the single-phase AC generator shown in the first embodiment and the second embodiment is described.
When operating part generates electricity, between described embodiment and comparative product, suspend the magnetic pole 30 of equal number.In effect explanation, when carrying out generating by suspension coil group 4B and with residue coil groups 4A, by specific value, describe the reason that energy output effectively reduces in this embodiment, wherein coil groups 4B comprises the coil 4 of two or more magnetic poles 30 adjacent one another are on position.
Figure 21 shows four magnetic poles 30 among eight magnetic poles 30 in using this embodiment and generates electricity, and in the situation that other four positions magnetic pole 30 adjacent one another are suspends, when being illustrated in any one from these magnetic poles 30 of magnetic flux and arriving its adjacent pole 30, the view of the value of the change of magnetic flux.Here, the magnetic pole generating electricity is indicated with shade circle.In addition, suppose while generating electricity in magnetic pole 30,1/5 of magnetic flux converts electric energy (electric current) to and uses.
In the figure, if suppose that 100 magnetic flux enters any one in magnetic pole 30, and in this magnetic pole 30,20 magnetic flux is converted into electric energy (electric current) and uses, and 80 magnetic flux is run out of outside this magnetic pole 30.This magnetic flux of 80 enters the magnetic pole 30 adjacent with described magnetic pole 30.When the magnetic flux when 16 is converted into electric energy (electric current) and uses, 64 magnetic flux is run out of outside this adjacent pole 30.Now, the magnetic flux of equal number is for the generating of any another magnetic pole 30 and adjacent pole 30 thereof.Therefore, the whole magnetic flux for the whole stator 3 that generates electricity become: 20 * 2+16 * 2=72.That is to say, 72 magnetic flux has been carried out generating.
Figure 22 shows in the embodiment of Figure 21, when the rotation by external rotor 2 changes the state of magnetic flux by magnetic pole 30, represents the view of value of the change of magnetic flux.In this case, 20 magnetic flux converts electric energy to and converts electric energy to and for a magnetic pole 30 for the magnetic flux of three magnetic poles 30,16.Therefore, the whole magnetic flux for the whole stator 3 that generates electricity become: 20 * 3+16 * 1=76.That is to say, 76 magnetic flux has been carried out generating.
Comparatively speaking, Figure 23 shows and in contrast product, uses four magnetic poles 30 of eight magnetic poles of position each interval among magnetic pole to generate electricity, and in the situation that other four magnetic poles 30 suspend, when being illustrated in any one from these magnetic poles 30 of magnetic flux and arriving its adjacent pole 30, the view of the value of the change of magnetic flux.Here, the magnetic pole 30 use shade circles that generate electricity are indicated.In addition, suppose when generating electricity in magnetic pole 30,1/5 of magnetic flux converts electric energy (electric current) to and uses.
In the figure, if suppose that 100 magnetic flux enters any one in magnetic pole 30, and in this magnetic pole 30,20 magnetic flux is converted into electric energy (electric current) and uses, and 80 magnetic flux is run out of outside this magnetic pole 30.This magnetic flux of 80 enters the magnetic pole 30 adjacent with described magnetic pole 30, and directly run out of this adjacent magnetic pole 30 and not for generating.In other three groups of magnetic poles 30 and adjacent pole 30 thereof, the magnetic flux of equal number is used for generating electricity.Therefore, the whole magnetic flux for the whole stator 3 that generates electricity become: 20 * 4=80.That is to say, 80 magnetic flux has been carried out generating.
Even if be similar to Figure 22, the rotation by external rotor 2 changes magnetic flux by the state of magnetic pole 30, also becomes: 20 * 4=80 for whole magnetic flux of the whole stator 3 that generates electricity.
Therefore, when operating part generating state, in comparative product, 80 magnetic flux generates electricity, and in described embodiment, the magnetic flux of (72+76)/2=74 generates electricity.Compare with the energy output of described comparative product, the energy output of described embodiment is less.
Therefore,, when suspending residue coil groups 4B, reduced for the contributive magnetic flux of generating.In high rotary area, limited excessive generating, and when external rotor 2 rotation, reduced frictional force (rotational resistance etc.).
In addition,, along with rotary speed becomes higher, the iron loss in central core 31 also increases.According to this embodiment, along with rotary speed becomes higher, can, by the increase of iron loss as follows, make the reduction of energy output become larger.
Here, in the situation that rotary speed becomes higher, when any one from magnetic pole 30 of magnetic flux arrives its adjacent pole 30, suppose the iron loss due to 20 magnetic flux, the magnetic flux by central core 31 reduces.
Figure 24 shows when in the embodiment of Figure 21, when rotary speed becomes higher, considers the situation of iron loss.In Figure 24, when any one from these magnetic poles 30 of magnetic flux arrives its adjacent pole 30, due to iron loss, in central core 31, reduced by 20 magnetic flux, 60 magnetic flux has entered adjacent magnetic pole 30.Be used for generating electricity with its magnetic flux of 1/5 corresponding 12.Therefore, for whole magnetic flux of the whole stator 3 that generates electricity, become: 20 * 2+12 * 2=64, generates electricity 64 magnetic flux.
Figure 25 shows when in the embodiment of Figure 22, when rotary speed becomes higher, considers the situation of iron loss.In Figure 25, when any one from these magnetic poles 30 of magnetic flux arrives its adjacent pole 30, due to iron loss, in central core 31, reduced by 20 magnetic flux, 80 or 60 magnetic flux has entered adjacent magnetic pole 30.Be used for generating electricity with its magnetic flux of 1/5 corresponding 16 or 12.Therefore, for whole magnetic flux of the whole stator 3 that generates electricity, become: 20 * 2+16 * 1+12 * 1=68, generates electricity 68 magnetic flux.
Comparatively speaking, Figure 26 shows when in the comparative product of Figure 23, when rotary speed becomes higher, considers the situation of iron loss.In Figure 26, when any one from these magnetic poles 30 of magnetic flux arrives its adjacent pole 30, due to iron loss, in central core 31, reduced by 20 magnetic flux, and do not generate electricity in adjacent pole 30, make whole magnetic flux of the whole stator 3 for generating electricity become 20 * 4=80, make energy output and central core 31 not have the energy output in the situation of iron loss identical.
Therefore,, due to the iron loss producing in central core 31, when carrying out part generating, the energy output in described embodiment can be far below the energy output in comparative product.
Subsequently, as shown in figure 27, along with rotary speed becomes higher, the iron loss in central core 31 increases, and makes in the output current of stator 3, compares with the output current lB of described comparative product, and the reduction in the output current lA of described embodiment is larger.Therefore,, according to described embodiment, along with rotary speed becomes higher, energy output can be even lower.In addition, along with rotary speed becomes higher, can effectively reduce excessive electrical generation, and can effectively reduce frictional force (rotational loss etc.) when external rotor 2 rotation.
Claims (9)
1. the AC generator (1) for vehicle, comprising: external rotor (2); And be arranged in the stator (3) in the inner circumferential side of described external rotor, described external rotor has at the upper N pole field formation parts (22N) of alternately arranging of circumferencial direction (C) and S pole field formation parts (22S), described stator has central core (31) and is arranged in described central core magnetic pole (30) around, the pole core (32) that coil (4) is wrapped in respectively described magnetic pole around
When described N pole field forms parts and described S pole field, form parts alternately when magnetic pole is relative described in each, single-phase or heterogeneous AC power supplies produces, wherein
Whole described coil is constructed by alternately arranging right winding coil (4A) and left winding coil (4B), described right winding coil in coupled situation in a clockwise direction (R) be wrapped in around described pole core, described left winding coil is wrapped in around described pole core with counterclockwise (L) in coupled situation, wherein
Described AC generator also comprises: change-over circuit (6), it is configured to when the rotary speed of described external rotor is during lower than predetermined value, with all described coils, generate electricity, described change-over circuit be also configured to when the rotary speed of described external rotor higher than or while equaling described predetermined value, suspension coil group (5B) is also used remaining coil groups (5A) to generate electricity, wherein said coil groups (5B) comprises the described coil of two or more magnetic poles that position is adjacent one another are
Whole described coil connects a plurality of continuous coil set constructors by being wound around magnet-wire, at coil described in described a plurality of continuous coil groups, by connecting line (41), connects continuously,
The described coil groups that can suspend generating is that in described a plurality of continuous coil groups constructs,
Whole generating states (W1) that described change-over circuit generates electricity to the described coil with all or suspend described generating in can suspension coil group and the part generating state (W2) generating electricity by described remaining coil groups is changed
In the whole region of the rotary speed of described external rotor, the energy output in described whole generating states is greater than the electric weight that described vehicle needs,
In the whole region of the rotary speed of described external rotor, the energy output in described part generating state is less than the energy output in described whole generating state, and
Described change-over circuit is carried out described conversion at described predetermined value place, and described predetermined value is set to larger than power generation values in wherein said part generating state and becomes and be greater than the rotary speed at the electric weight place that described vehicle needs.
2. AC generator according to claim 1, it produces single-phase electricity, wherein
Described can suspension coil group be by constructing with coherent condition position in a part for described circumferencial direction three or more magnetic poles adjacent one another are.
3. AC generator according to claim 1, it produces single-phase electricity, wherein
Described can suspension coil group comprising: the described coil of two magnetic poles that position is adjacent one another are and on described circumferencial direction with the described coil of described two magnetic poles at a distance of a magnetic pole of one or two magnetic pole, and describedly can suspension coil group have: the part that the part that described right winding coil is connected by described connecting line continuously with described left winding coil is connected continuously with described right winding coil.
4. AC generator according to claim 1, it produces single-phase electricity, wherein
Form described can suspension coil group described magnetic pole and other magnetic pole that forms described remaining coil groups be alternately and to be repeatedly arranged in described stator.
5. AC generator according to claim 1, it produces three-phase electricity, wherein
The described coil with U phase, V phase and W phase be wrapped in respectively there is U phase, around the described pole core of the described magnetic pole of V phase and W phase, the magnetic pole of the wherein said U of having phase, V phase and W phase is repeatedly arranged in around the described central core of described stator with identical order, and
Described can suspension coil group be adjacent one another are by position and one group of magnetic pole with U phase, V phase and W phase of being gathered in the part of described circumferencial direction forms.
6. AC generator according to claim 1, it produces three-phase electricity, wherein
The described coil with U phase, V phase and W phase be wrapped in respectively there is U phase, around the described pole core of the described magnetic pole of V phase and W phase, the magnetic pole of the wherein said U of having phase, V phase and W phase is repeatedly arranged in around the described central core of described stator with identical order, and
Form described can suspension coil group described U phase, V phase and W phase magnetic pole and described U phase, V phase and the W phase magnetic pole that forms described remaining coil groups be alternately arranged in described stator.
7. AC generator according to claim 1, wherein, described change-over circuit (6) if the rotary speed that is configured to described external rotor higher than or while equaling predetermined value described in rotary speed slowing down, suspend the described coil of a plurality of magnetic poles and do not suspend the described coil of position two or more magnetic poles adjacent one another are, and generating electricity with remaining coil; And if the rotary speed that is configured to described external rotor during lower than described predetermined value described in rotary speed slowing down, if or accelerating or constant in rotary speed described in the Zone Full of described rotary speed, with all described coils, generate electricity.
8. AC generator according to claim 7, wherein
When described external rotor has the rotary speed that is less than predetermined critical speed, power generation values in described part generating state is less than the power generation values in described whole generating state, when having, described external rotor equals or during higher than the rotary speed of described predetermined critical speed, power generation values in described part generating state is greater than the power generation values in described whole generating state, and
Described change-over circuit is carried out described conversion at described predetermined value place, and described predetermined value is set to the contiguous speed of described predetermined critical speed or described predetermined critical speed.
9. AC generator according to claim 7, wherein
Described can suspension coil group be by connect all described left winding coils via described connecting line, or via described connecting line, connect continuously that described left winding coil except the described left winding coil of part limits, described remaining coil groups is by connect all described right winding coils via described connecting line, or via described connecting line, connects continuously that all described right winding coils and the described left winding coil of part limit.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009103983 | 2009-04-22 | ||
| JP2009-103983 | 2009-04-22 | ||
| JP2010087189A JP5569109B2 (en) | 2009-04-22 | 2010-04-05 | AC generator for vehicles |
| JP2010-087189 | 2010-04-05 | ||
| PCT/JP2010/002803 WO2010122760A1 (en) | 2009-04-22 | 2010-04-19 | Ac generator for vehicles |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102414965A CN102414965A (en) | 2012-04-11 |
| CN102414965B true CN102414965B (en) | 2014-02-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201080017692.0A Active CN102414965B (en) | 2009-04-22 | 2010-04-19 | Ac generator for vehicles |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP5569109B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102414965B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010122760A1 (en) |
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| DE102017210655B4 (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2023-12-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Rotation angle sensor |
| JP7264648B2 (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2023-04-25 | 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 | GENERATING DEVICE AND CONTROL METHOD THEREOF |
| EP3989434A4 (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2023-07-05 | Hosei University | Rotating machine system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1362777A (en) * | 2001-01-08 | 2002-08-07 | 湖南东地科技发展有限公司 | High-efficiency power generator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06292329A (en) * | 1993-04-05 | 1994-10-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Alternator output controller for vehicle |
| JP2003134769A (en) * | 2001-10-24 | 2003-05-09 | Mitsuba Corp | Generator |
| JP2005185057A (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-07-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Electric motor |
| JP2008079446A (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-04-03 | Mitsuba Corp | Rotary electric machine |
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2010
- 2010-04-05 JP JP2010087189A patent/JP5569109B2/en active Active
- 2010-04-19 WO PCT/JP2010/002803 patent/WO2010122760A1/en active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1362777A (en) * | 2001-01-08 | 2002-08-07 | 湖南东地科技发展有限公司 | High-efficiency power generator |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开2003-134769A 2003.05.09 |
| JP特开2005-185057A 2005.07.07 |
| JP特开2008-79446A 2008.04.03 |
| JP特开平6-292329A 1994.10.18 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2010122760A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
| CN102414965A (en) | 2012-04-11 |
| JP5569109B2 (en) | 2014-08-13 |
| JP2010273531A (en) | 2010-12-02 |
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