CN102345798A - System for monitoring pipe-soil relative displacement of oil-gas pipeline in mining subsidence area - Google Patents
System for monitoring pipe-soil relative displacement of oil-gas pipeline in mining subsidence area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for monitoring pipe-soil relative displacement of an oil-gas pipeline in a mining subsidence area based on a fiber grating sensing technology. A pipe-soil relative displacement sensor a (3) is arranged on the monitoring section of an oil-gas pipeline a (2) of a mining subsidence area (1), and is connected with an optical cable a (5) which is led to a monitoring station through a fiber junction box (4); in the monitoring station, the optical cable a (5) is connected with an optical switch (6); the optical switch (8) is connected with a fiber grating demodulator (7); the demodulator (7) is connected with a lower computer (8); and data preprocessed with the lower computer (8) are transmitted through a wireless communication module a (9), received by a wireless communication module b (10) and transmitted to an upper computer (11). The system has high space resolution and low cost, and is safe and effective.
Description
Technical field
The present invention be a kind of based on fiber grating sensing technology adopt sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system, relate to measurement and the pipe-line system technical field of measuring stress, the measurement of temperature, similar linear dimension.
Background technique
The underground ore bed space that is formed by the exploitation back is called the goaf.Underground ore bed its rock stratum, top loses support by after the exploitation, and equilibrium conditions is destroyed, and produces crooked, slump thereupon, so that develops into the surface subsidence distortion, causes surface subsidence, forms lowland.Along with the continuous expansion in goaf, lowland constantly develops and forms and adopt the sky subsidence area, so on the ground or underground buildings or structures produce harm.Adopting the sky disaster of subsiding is to cause one of the principal mode of the geological disaster of human life's property loss.Length can reach thousands of kilometers apart from oil transportation or gas pipeline fed distance, often will pass inevitably and adopt the sky subsidence area.Owing to the reasons such as further exploitation of the insufficient or underground ore body of route selection, might in movable collapse basin, pass through at the pipeline of adopting the sky subsidence area, thereby make the safe operation of pipeline suffer serious threat.
Build up global article one crude oil pipeline as far back as the U.S. in 1865 and rise, the world has promptly entered into the epoch of pipeline operation, and pipeline then constantly occurs through the goaf problem.Stipulated " the NCB method " of prediction pipeline in " project handbook subsides " of coal timeliness of Britain country in 1975 promulgation through the coal mine gob surface subsidence.1986; World pipeline research institute entrusts Battelle research institute to study with the method for preventing and treating passing through the stressed proterties of the pipeline of adopting the sky subsidence area; Formed " the pipeline monitoring and the control in mining damage district " report (NG-18; No.155); This project system has been summed up and has been adopted the characteristic that sky subsides; Analyzed the harm of goaf, developed corresponding Stress calculation software, proposed subsidence area pipeline monitoring method pipeline.
Though China's pipeline cause is started late; But the pipeline industry of China be in flourish among; Mostly that China is the western abundant petroleum gas of these pipelines is transported to the east of China, is stepping up to build and the energy conveyance conduit planned has many thousands of kilometers pipelines such as transfering natural gas from the west to the east, middle remote pipeline, blue Zheng's long pipeline.These pipelines are through many mineral goaf or following mining area.As 8 mining areas of transfer natural gas from the west to the east a spool line approach Shanxi, Shandong, Shaanxi, 4 provinces and regions, Ningxia; Be subjected to the influence in the part goaf of 76 pit minings formation; The about 887.494km of total length; The goaf is in case form; To destroy face of land equilibrium conditions; Cause face of land large size sinking, depression, crack or bring out secondary disasters such as landslide, avalanche, directly influence pipe safety; Shan crow natural gas line is adopted the sky subsidence area through 12 places on the way, and the about 12.6km of influenced total length constitutes significant threat to pipe safety production, and is wherein serious with reed Cao Gou subsidence area; Capital, Shan gas transmission line is by way of the shanxi coal mining area, and the long product pipeline Henan Section of blue Zheng, the big crude oil pipeline of iron etc. are also adopted disasters such as sky subsides easily.
In the face of numerous sky disasters of subsiding of adopting; Though the pipeline operator of China has been taked positive engineering protection measure; But also there is the drawback of some in these measures; At first be that cost is high; Next is that shielding engineering are not " putting things right once and for all " yet; The uncertain factor of design and construction is more, moreover cycle length and improvement that protection is administered are difficult for grasping opportunity.The monitoring then be a kind of efficiently, protection method cheaply.The international pipeline research institute of the U.S. (PRCI) will monitor pipeline and adopt the subside main mode of disaster of sky as control, and pipelines such as the transfering natural gas from the west to the east of China, capital, Shan line are gone into operation and then the goaf also effectively monitored.
Traditional goaf soil deformation adopts theodolite, level instrument, steel ruler, offset scale and methods such as electronic tachometer or GPS; The real-time of these methods is all relatively poor; All be that the face of land this existing phenomenon of having subsided is carried out result monitoring, be difficult to satisfy the requirement of goaf monitoring advanced prediction, long-term and real-time online.The monitoring of traditional pipeline strain is counted the master with electric resistance wire strain gauge, vibrating string type strain, and relatively poor aspect corrosion-resistant, anti-interference, stability also is difficult to meet the demands.The distributing optical fiber sensing technology of rise in recent years (is representative with BOTDR) is existing certain application aspect the body monitoring.
For adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes, the relative displacement of the pipeline and the soil body is a very important factor.Intensification along with the mining degree; Adopt the continuous sinking of the sky subsidence area soil body; Because the rigidity and the non-deformability of the body and the soil body are different; Body is no longer consistent with the distortion and the sinking displacement of its below soil body; The pipeline below soil body will continue to sink, and finally separate with pipeline, and the conduit upper soil body supported by body; Be attached on the pipeline, thereby cause pipeline secretly outstanding.A large amount of researchs show that when pipeline was secretly outstanding, pipeline received the load maximum, and body is in very unsettled load-bearing state, and this state badly influences the safety of pipeline.Therefore monitor the relative displacement between the pipeline and the soil body, understand the corresponding position relation of the pipeline and the soil body in real time,, have great significance for accurate judgement pipe safety state.
Fiber bragg grating is a fiber optic passive device with the fastest developing speed in recent years.It is a kind of space periodicity refractive index profile of utilizing the light sensitive characteristic of fiber optic materials on the fibre core of optical fiber, to set up, its role is to change or control light in this regional dissemination mode.Except that have the anti-electromagnetic interference of ordinary optic fibre, size is little, in light weight, intensity is high, the characteristics such as high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, fiber bragg grating also has its unique characteristic: be easy to little with optical coupling, coupling loss, be easy to Wavelength Division Multiplexing etc.Thereby make fiber bragg grating wide prospect arranged in fields such as optical-fibre communications and Fibre Optical Sensors.As a kind of emerging technology of photon research field, be that the sensory technique of pedestal sensor spare receives common concern in recent years with the fiber bragg grating, the various countries researcher actively develops relevant research work.At present; The physical quantity that the fiber-optic grating sensor of having reported can be monitored has: temperature, strain, pressure, displacement, pressure, torsional angle, moment of torsion (twisting stress), acceleration, electric current, voltage, magnetic field, frequency, concentration, thermal expansion coefficient, vibration etc., the practical application of wherein a part of fiber grating sensing system.
Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) be the most simply, the most general a kind of fiber bragg grating.It is that one section refractive index is periodically variable optical fiber, and its index modulation degree of depth and grating cycle generally all are constants.The variation of temperature, strain can cause the cycle and the change of refractive of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, thereby the reflective spectrum of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and transmission spectrum are changed.The variation of reflective spectrum and transmission spectrum through the detection fiber Bragg grating just can obtain the information of corresponding temperature and strain, and Here it is measures the basic principle of temperature and strain with Fiber Bragg Grating FBG.
Can know that by coupled mode theory Fiber Bragg Grating FBG can be coupled to another guided mode that transmits in opposite direction with a guided mode that wherein transmits and form narrowband reflection, peak reflectance wavelength (bragg wavelength) λ uniformly
BFor:
λ
B＝2n
effΛ(1)
In the formula: λ
BBe bragg wavelength; n
EffEffective refractive index for the spread fiber pattern; Λ is a grating pitch.
Can get the centre wavelength of grating and the relation of temperature and strain to formula (1) differential:
Where:
is the thermal expansion coefficient of the fiber;
to fiber-optic coefficient of thermal;
elastic material for the fiber-optic coefficient.Can know that by formula (2) strain is because the flexible and elasto-optical effect in Fiber Bragg Grating FBG cycle causes the variation of bragg wavelength, and temperature is because Fiber Bragg Grating FBG thermal expansion effects and thermo-optic effect cause the variation of bragg wavelength.
Fiber bragg grating can be made into various sensing meanss, is used widely at sensory field.Compare with traditional electric transducer; Fiber-optic grating sensor has own unique advantage: (1) sensing head is simple in structure, volume is little, in light weight, shape variable; Be fit to imbed in the various large scale structures, but inner stress, strain and the structural damage etc. of measurement structure, stability, good reproducibility; (2) and have natural compatibility between the optical fiber, be prone to be connected with optical fiber, light loss consume low, spectral characteristic good, reliability is high; (3) have non-conducting, little to measured medium influence, have characteristics anticorrosive, anti-electromagnetic interference again, be adapted at working in the rugged environment; (4) light and handy soft, can in an optical fiber, write a plurality of gratings, constitute sensor array, combine with Wavelength Division Multiplexing and time division multiplex system, realize distributed sensing; (5) metrical infromation is with Wavelength-encoding, thereby fiber-optic grating sensor is not subjected to the influence of factors such as light intensity function, optical fiber connection and coupling loss, the optical polarization variation of light source, the antijamming capability that tool is stronger; (6) high sensitivity, high degree of resolution.
Compare with widely used Brillouin light domain reflectometer BOTDR, the advantage of fiber-optic grating sensor has: (1) can accurately locate measuring point, and resolution is high; (2) cost is low; (3) can process, encapsulate transducing part, make it be more suitable for on-the-spot rugged environment.
Because these advantages; In the Geotechnical Engineering field; Fiber-optic grating sensor is easy to imbed in the rock soil mass strain and the temperature to its inside and carries out high-resolution and large-range measuring; Technical advantage is very obvious; Especially be embodied in and obtain long-term, reliable rock soil mass deformation data, also do not see the report that fiber grating sensing technology is used for goaf pipeclay relative displacement monitoring at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to invent that a kind of spatial resolution is high, cost is low, adopt sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system based on the fiber bragg grating real-time online safely and effectively.
The present invention proposes a kind ofly adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitor and early warning system based on fiber grating sensing technology; Be to adopting the subside monitoring of pipe laying band pipeclay relative displacement of sky, fiber-optic grating sensor real time on-line monitoring and early warning are adopted in the pipeclay relative displacement.Can realize real-time automatic collecting, remote transmission and the analysis automatically of data.
The overall formation of adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system as shown in Figure 1.The mounting pipe soil phase is to displacement transducer a3 on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes a2 that adopts sky subsidence area 1; Be connected with the optical cable a5 that causes the monitoring station through optical Fiber Closure a4 then; In the monitoring station; Optical cable a5 is connected with optical switch 6; Optical switch 6 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7; Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 is connected with lower-position unit 8, and lower-position unit 8 pretreated data are through GPRS communication module a9 transmission, and GPRS communication module b10 passes to upper-position unit 11 after receiving.
The concrete body of adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system constitutes as shown in Figure 5, and this system is divided into on-site data gathering transmission system and long-range receiving and analyzing system.
The on-site data gathering transmission system comprises fiber grating displacement sensor, optical switch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, lower-position unit, GPRS communication module; Fiber grating displacement sensor output connects the input of optical switch; The output of optical switch connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator; The output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the input of lower-position unit, and the output of lower-position unit connects the GPRS communication module.
Long-range receiving and analyzing system comprises that GPRS communication module, upper-position unit, the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve dynamically show; The output of GPRS communication module connects the input of upper-position unit, and the output of upper-position unit connects the dynamically input of demonstration of the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve respectively.
Pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 passes to optical switch 6 with the pipeclay relative displacement signal through optical cable a5; After fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulation reach lower-position unit 8; Lower-position unit 8 calls self-editing program, and control optical switch 6 and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 are realized the collection of data and data are carried out pretreatment; Pretreated data receive through GPRS communication module a9 transmission, GPRS communication module b10 and pass to upper- position unit 11, and 11 pairs of data of upper-position unit are carried out further analysing and processing, judge the pipeclay relative displacement, and then judge the situation of subsiding of the slow-witted dead zone soil body.
As shown in Figure 3, pipeclay relative displacement transducer b16 be installed in oil and gas pipes b17 under, the selection basis of monitoring sectional position and quantity is adopted the actual conditions of sky subsidence area 1 and is decided; In pipeline b17 bottom fiber grating displacement sensor b16 is installed; Fiber grating displacement sensor b16 is connected through fastener with pipeline b17; Fiber grating displacement sensor b16 can connect with strain transducer; Also can cause optical Fiber Closure b19 through optical patchcord 18 separately, be connected with optical cable through optical Fiber Closure b19; Wherein the structure of fiber grating displacement sensor a3 as shown in Figure 2, the fiber grating displacement sensor a3 that imbeds in the soil with body is made up of mounting blocks 12, fiber bragg grating 13, dynamometer link 14, load-bearing plate 15; Mounting blocks 12 connects into " worker " font by dynamometer link 14 and load-bearing plate 15, and fiber bragg grating 13 is fixed on the dynamometer link 14; Load-bearing plate 15 is used to bear and stays soil body gravity, and fiber bragg grating 13 is measured the strain that dynamometer links 14 take place, and is converted into displacement through corresponding relation; Mounting blocks 12 is convenient to being installed on the pipeline of sensor-robust; Wherein dynamometer link 14 is threaded with mounting blocks 12 with load-bearing plate 15, dynamometer link 14, and mounting blocks 12 is connected through fastener with pipeline.
The electric principle of this system as shown in Figure 6; The PC joint of fiber grating displacement sensor a3 is connected with the PC joint of photoswitch 6 with optical cable a5; The R232 of photoswitch 6 connects the R232 interface of slave computer 8; The PC joint of photoswitch 6 connects the PC interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125; The LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125 connects the LAN port of slave computer 8; The output of slave computer 8 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display; The R232 port of slave computer 8 connects the R232 port of GPRS transport module a9 Siemens MC 35i; GPRS transport module a9 is through antenna GSM, GPRS network; Received the R232 that is afterwards received host computer 11 by R232 by GPRS receiver module b12 antenna GSM, the output of host computer 11 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display.
The output signal of pipeclay relative displacement fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 through optical switch 6; The centre wavelength displacement amount that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to lower-position unit 8, and the cycle of optical switch 6 Continuity signals is by lower-position unit 8 controls.8 pairs of data of lower-position unit are carried out pretreatment; And the data transmission after will handling is given GPRS transmission module a9; GPRS transmission module a9 is transferred to the upper-position unit 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that lower-position unit 8 calculates through public's cordless communication network; Upper-position unit carries out analysing and processing through self-programmed software to data, is shown by display device.
The measurement mechanism of pipeclay relative displacement monitoring device can pass through strain stress as shown in Figure 4
PUnderstand the situation of pipeclay relative displacement; When measuring strain stress
PWhen arriving threshold value and keeping constant, and show that body has been in vacant state;
The output signal of pipeclay relative displacement fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 through the optical switch conducting; The centre wavelength displacement amount that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to lower-position unit 8, and the cycle of optical switch 6 Continuity signals is by lower-position unit 8 controls.8 pairs of data of lower-position unit are carried out pretreatment; And the data transmission after will handling is given GPRS transmission module a9; GPRS transmission module a9 is transferred to the upper-position unit 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that lower-position unit 8 calculates through public's cordless communication network; Upper-position unit carries out analysing and processing through self-programmed software to data, is shown by display device.
The field monitoring station is arranged on adopts near the valve chamber in sky subsidence area, comprises following a few part:
(1) optical Fiber Closure of monitoring station and each sensor be connected optical cable, the sensor signal concentration of transmissions that is used for adopting each position on the sky subsidence area is to the monitoring station;
(2) optical switch 6, and sky subsides and the sensor of pipeline is a lot of because monitoring is adopted, and signalling channel is numerous, can't once be connected on the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, with optical switch 6 each channel signal changed to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 successively and analyzed;
(3) fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, are used to demodulate the centre wavelength displacement amount of each sensor;
(4) computer and program are used to control the frequency of (FBG) demodulator demodulation, and the centre wavelength displacement amount that (FBG) demodulator demodulates is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically, and these monitoring variables are sent to the GPRS communication module, and the signal that receives the GPRS communication module is controlled;
(5) GPRS communication module is used for each monitoring variable of COMPUTER CALCULATION is transferred to the server that is positioned at office through cordless communication network, also can accept the signal of server, sends to computer.
The working principle (see figure 5) of this system is: when adopting sky subsidence area 1 distortion, along with adopting constantly carrying out that sky subsides, the displacement between pipeline and its below soil body also changes, and measures through fiber grating displacement sensor a3.By connecting optical cable a5; The sensor signal concentration of transmissions of adopting each position, sky subsidence area is arrived photoswitch 6; Photoswitch 6 changes each channel signal to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 successively; Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each sensor wavelength centre wavelength displacement and sensing is given slave computer 8; Slave computer 8 is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically with the centre wavelength displacement that (FBG) demodulator demodulates; And monitoring variable sent to on-the-spot GPRS communication module a9; GPRS communication module a9 transmits signal by cordless communication network; B10 transmits host computer 11 with the GPRS communication module; Host computer 11 provides warning with each monitoring variable and alarm threshold value contrast in the time of necessary.
The advantage of native system:
(1) subside characteristic and body and the interactional characteristic of the soil body that subsides that pipe laying band (piping lane band) is adopted the complicated soil body in sky subsidence area have been disclosed; Adopt the sky subsidence area influence safe early warning of oil and gas pipes down with pipeclay relative displacement monitoring index;
(2) fiber grating sensing technology is applied to adopt sky subsidence area monitoring, this technology is anti-interference, corrosion-resistant, it is with the obvious advantage to be easy to networking etc.; This technology is easy to realize the remote auto real time on-line monitoring, and cost is lower;
(3) pipeclay relative displacement monitoring; Adopt the feature of sky subsidence area according to the pipeline place; Under each body monitoring cross section, 1 fiber grating displacement sensor is installed; Be used to the relative displacement situation of monitoring body and underliing the soil body; Judge the position that pipeclay relative displacement and body be whether unsettled and unsettled by the variation of monitor value; Avoided distinguishing by the excavation pipe trench whether body is unsettled; Carry out the selection on protection works opportunitys effective foundation is provided for adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes; Reduced the blindness of protection works and saved pipeline operating cost, also guaranteed the security of operation of pipeline simultaneously, the construction when having reduced the excavation checking is dangerous;
(4) native system have automatically, continuously, characteristics timely; Can accurately and timely grasp the steady state of adopting the sky subsidence area soil body, body safe condition and secretly outstanding state whether, can strong foundation be provided improvement reinforcing of adopting the sky subsidence area and the science decision that pipe safety protects opportunity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system pie graph
Fig. 2 displacement transducer pie graph
Fig. 3 pipeclay relative displacement sensing device figure
The measurement mechanism figure of Fig. 4 pipeclay relative displacement monitoring device
Fig. 5 adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes Fundamentals of Supervisory Systems figure
Fig. 6 adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system electrical schematic diagram
Wherein 1-adopts the sky 2-pipeline a that subsides
3-pipeclay relative displacement transducer a 4-optical Fiber Closure a
5-optical cable a 6-optical switch
7-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 8-lower-position unit
9-GPRS communication module a 10-GPRS communication module b
11-upper-position unit 12-mounting blocks
13-fiber bragg grating 14-dynamometer link
15-load-bearing plate 16-pipeclay relative displacement transducer b
17-pipeline b 18-optical patchcord
19 1 optical Fiber Closure b
Embodiment
Embodiment. this example is an experimental technique and system, and it constitutes like Fig. 1-shown in Figure 6.One adopt adopt deeply that thickness rate is 10, exploitation length 15m, buried depth of pipeline 3m, duct length be that adopting on the sky subsidence area of 130m tested, pipe diameter is that 168mm, wall thickness are 6mm, grade of steel L245.
The overall formation of adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system as shown in Figure 1.The mounting pipe soil phase is to displacement transducer a3 on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes a2 that adopts sky subsidence area 1; Be connected with the optical cable a5 that causes the monitoring station through optical Fiber Closure a4 then; In the monitoring station; Optical cable a5 is connected with optical switch 6; Optical switch 6 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7; Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 is connected with lower-position unit 8, and lower-position unit 8 pretreated data are through GPRS communication module a9 transmission, and GPRS communication module b10 passes to upper-position unit 11 after receiving.
The concrete body of adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system constitutes as shown in Figure 5, and this system is divided into on-site data gathering transmission system and long-range receiving and analyzing system.
The on-site data gathering transmission system comprises fiber grating displacement sensor, optical switch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, lower-position unit, GPRS communication module; Fiber grating displacement sensor output connects the input of optical switch; The output of optical switch connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator; The output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the input of lower-position unit, and the output of lower-position unit connects the GPRS communication module.
Long-range receiving and analyzing system comprises that GPRS communication module, upper-position unit, the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve dynamically show; The output of GPRS communication module connects the input of upper-position unit, and the output of upper-position unit connects the dynamically input of demonstration of the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve respectively.
Pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 passes to optical switch 6 with the pipeclay relative displacement signal through optical cable a5; Optical switch 6 is after fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulation reach lower-position unit 8; Lower-position unit 8 calls self-editing program; Control optical switch 6 and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 are realized the collection of data and data are carried out pretreatment; Pretreated data receive through GPRS communication module a9 transmission, GPRS communication module b10 and pass to upper- position unit 11, and 11 pairs of data of upper-position unit are carried out further analysing and processing, judge the pipeclay relative displacement, and then judge the situation of subsiding of the goaf soil body.
As shown in Figure 3, pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 be installed in oil and gas pipes a2 under, the selection basis of monitoring sectional position and quantity is adopted the actual conditions of sky subsidence area 1 and is decided; In pipeline c17 bottom fiber grating displacement sensor b16 is installed; Fiber grating displacement sensor b16 is connected through fastener with pipeline c17; Fiber grating displacement sensor b16 can connect with strain transducer; Also can cause optical Fiber Closure b19 through optical patchcord 18 separately, be connected with optical cable through optical Fiber Closure b19; Wherein the structure of fiber grating displacement sensor a3 as shown in Figure 4, the fiber grating displacement sensor a3 that imbeds in the soil with body is made up of mounting blocks 12, fiber bragg grating 13, dynamometer link 14, load-bearing plate 15; Mounting blocks 12 connects into " worker " font by dynamometer link 14 and load-bearing plate 15, and fiber bragg grating 13 is fixed on the dynamometer link 14; Load-bearing plate 15 is used to bear and stays soil body gravity, and fiber bragg grating 13 is measured the strain that dynamometer links 14 take place, and is converted into displacement through corresponding relation; Mounting blocks 12 is convenient to being installed on the pipeline of sensor-robust; Wherein dynamometer link 14 is threaded with mounting blocks 12 with load-bearing plate 15, dynamometer link 14, and mounting blocks 12 is connected through fastener with pipeline.
The electric principle of this system as shown in Figure 6; The PC joint of fiber grating displacement sensor a3 is connected with the PC joint of photoswitch 6 with optical cable a5; The R232 of photoswitch 6 connects the R232 interface of slave computer 8; The PC joint of photoswitch 6 connects the PC interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125; The LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125 connects the LAN port of slave computer 8; The output of slave computer 8 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display; The R232 port of slave computer 8 connects the R232 port of GPRS transport module a9 Siemens MC 35i; GPRS transport module a9 is through antenna GSM, GPRS network; Received the R232 that is afterwards received host computer 11 by R232 by GPRS receiver module b12 antenna GSM, the output of host computer 11 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display.
The output signal of pipeclay relative displacement fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 through optical switch 6; The centre wavelength displacement amount that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to lower-position unit 8, and the cycle of optical switch 6 Continuity signals is by lower-position unit 8 controls.8 pairs of data of lower-position unit are carried out pretreatment; And the data transmission after will handling is given GPRS transmission module a9; GPRS transmission module a9 is transferred to the upper-position unit 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that lower-position unit 8 calculates through public's cordless communication network; Upper-position unit carries out analysing and processing through self-programmed software to data, is shown by display device.
The measurement mechanism of pipeclay relative displacement monitoring device can pass through strain stress as shown in Figure 4
PUnderstand the situation of pipeclay relative displacement; When measuring strain stress
PWhen reaching threshold value and keeping constant, show that body has been in vacant state;
The output signal of pipeclay relative displacement fiber-optic grating sensor through optical switch one by one conducting transfer to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7; The centre wavelength displacement amount that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to lower-position unit 8, and the cycle of optical switch 6 Continuity signals is by lower-position unit 8 controls.8 pairs of data of lower-position unit are carried out pretreatment; And the data transmission after will handling is given GPRS transmission module a9; GPRS transmission module a9 is transferred to the upper-position unit 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that lower-position unit 8 calculates through public's cordless communication network; Upper-position unit carries out analysing and processing through self-programmed software to data, is shown by display device.
The field monitoring station is arranged on adopts near the valve chamber in sky subsidence area, comprises following a few part:
(1) optical Fiber Closure of monitoring station and each sensor be connected optical cable, the sensor signal concentration of transmissions that is used for adopting each position on the sky subsidence area is to the monitoring station;
(2) optical switch 6, and sky subsides and the sensor of pipeline is a lot of because monitoring is adopted, and signalling channel is numerous, can't once be connected on the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, with optical switch 6 each channel signal changed to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 successively and analyzed;
(3) fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, are used to demodulate the centre wavelength displacement amount of each sensor;
(4) computer and program are used to control the frequency of (FBG) demodulator demodulation, and the centre wavelength displacement amount that (FBG) demodulator demodulates is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically, and these monitoring variables are sent to the GPRS communication module, and the signal that receives the GPRS communication module is controlled;
(5) GPRS communication module is used for each monitoring variable of COMPUTER CALCULATION is transferred to the server that is positioned at office through cordless communication network, also can accept the signal of server, sends to computer.
Wherein:
Fiber grating displacement sensor: select the fiber-optic grating sensor of designing packaging voluntarily for use;
Optical switch 6: select for use light to swell scientific and technological SUM-FSW;
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7: select SM125 for use;
Upper-position unit 11 and program: select for use and grind magnificent IPC-610, program is self-editing;
Lower-position unit 8 and program: select for use and grind magnificent IPC-610, program is self-editing;
GPRS transmission module a9: Siemens MC 35i;
GPRS receiving module b10: select Siemens MC 35i for use.
The system that makes up with said method is when monitoring, and the relative displacement of adopting between sky subsidence area 1 and the oil and gas pipes a2 is monitored by pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3;
The signal that collects is done pretreatment by lower-position unit 8 after optical switch 6, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulation;
Lower-position unit 8 pretreated data receive upper-position unit 11 through GPRS communication module a9 transmission, GPRS communication module b10; Whether upper-position unit 11 judgment data are complete, return lower-position unit 8 pretreatment when imperfect again; The complete upper-position unit 11 that then passes to;
11 pairs of signals of upper-position unit are done further to analyze and handle;
Adopting sky subsidence area pipeclay relative displacement change dynamics by upper-position unit 11 outputs shows; And whether judgment data exceeds threshold value;
When pipeclay relative displacement value shows that then pipeline is in a safe condition during less than threshold value;
, pipeclay relative displacement value carries out pipe safety prewarning when reaching threshold value and keep constant.
If adopting the soil body of sky subsidence area 1 stays; The pipeline a2 that is embedded in soil body below receives effect and the strain that bends of top soil body load; Because the pipeline a2 below soil body constantly subsides; Be embedded in the pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 that adopts sky subsidence area 1 and in bearing the process of earth pressure, produce tensional strain; Fiber bragg grating 13 on the pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 is experienced stretching strain; Can draw pipeclay relative displacement and strain through calculating, promptly to judge the position that pipeline a2 is whether unsettled and unsettled.
Through monitoring for a long time, this example is easy to make up monitoring system, is easy to realize adopting the real-time automatic collecting analysis and the long-range issue of sky subsidence area 1 and pipeline a2 Monitoring Data, and remote live is reported to the police automatically.Avoided loaded down with trivial details artificial image data, improved the precision of early warning, reduced time of fire alarming, can also accurately locate simultaneously place of alarm, this to the pipeline emergency measure take most important.
Claims (4)
1. adopt sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system for one kind; It is characterized in that at the oil and gas pipes a(2 that adopts sky subsidence area (1)) the monitoring cross section on the mounting pipe soil phase to displacement transducer a(3); Then by optical Fiber Closure a(4) with the optical cable a(5 that causes the monitoring station) be connected; In the monitoring station; Optical cable a(5) is connected with photoswitch (6); Photoswitch (6) is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7); Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) is connected with slave computer (8), and the pretreated data of slave computer (8) are by GPRS communication module a(9) transmission, GPRS communication module b(10) receive host computer (11);
The fiber-optic grating sensor output signal of pipeclay relative displacement transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) through the optical switch conducting; The centre wavelength displacement amount that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to lower-position unit (8), and the cycle of optical switch (6) Continuity signal is controlled by lower-position unit (8).Lower-position unit (8) carries out pretreatment to data; And the data transmission after will handling is given GPRS transmission module a (19); GPRS transmission module a (9) is transferred to the upper-position unit (11) that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that lower-position unit (8) calculates through public's cordless communication network; Upper-position unit carries out analysing and processing through self-programmed software to data, is shown by display device.
2. the sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system of adopting according to claim 1 is characterized in that this system is divided into on-site data gathering transmission system and long-range receiving and analyzing system;
The on-site data gathering transmission system comprises fiber grating displacement sensor, optical switch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, lower-position unit, GPRS communication module; Fiber grating displacement sensor output connects the input of optical switch respectively; The output of optical switch connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator; The output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the input of lower-position unit, and the output of lower-position unit connects the GPRS communication module;
Long-range receiving and analyzing system comprises that GPRS communication module, upper-position unit, the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve dynamically show; The output of GPRS communication module connects the input of upper-position unit, and the output of upper-position unit connects the dynamically input of demonstration of the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve respectively;
Pipeclay relative displacement transducer a (3) passes to optical switch (6) with body strain and pipeclay relative displacement signal through optical cable a (5); Optical switch (6) is after fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) demodulation reaches lower-position unit (8); Lower-position unit (8) calls self-editing program; Control optical switch (6) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) are realized the collection of data and data are carried out pretreatment; Pretreated data receive through GPRS communication module a (9) transmission, GPRS communication module b (10) and pass to upper-position unit (11), and upper-position unit (11) carries out further analysing and processing to data, judges the force and deformation state and the pipeclay relative displacement of pipeline; Upper-position unit (11) is judged the situation of subsiding of the safe condition and the goaf soil body of adopting sky subsidence area pipeline to the analysis result of the distortion and the pipeclay relative displacement of pipeline.
3. the sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system of adopting according to claim 1 and 2; The electric principle that it is characterized in that this system is: PC joint optical cable a(5 fiber grating displacement sensor a(3)) be connected with the PC joint of photoswitch (6); The R232 of photoswitch (6) connects the R232 interface of slave computer (8); The PC joint of photoswitch (6) connects the PC interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) SM125; The LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) SM125 connects the LAN port of slave computer (8); The output of slave computer (8) is by the VGA end of VGA termination display; The R232 port of slave computer (8) meets GPRS transport module a(9) the R232 port of Siemens MC 35i; GPRS transport module a(9) through antenna GSM, GPRS network; By GPRS receiver module b(10) antenna GSM receives the back and receives the R232 of host computer (11) by R232, and the output of host computer (11) is by the VGA end of VGA termination display;
The output signal of the fiber-optic grating sensor of pipeclay relative displacement transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) through optical switch (6) conducting; The centre wavelength displacement amount that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to lower-position unit (8), and the cycle of optical switch (6) Continuity signal is controlled by lower-position unit (8); Lower-position unit (8) carries out pretreatment to data; And the data transmission after will handling is given GPRS transmission module a (9); GPRS transmission module a (9) is transferred to the upper-position unit (11) that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that lower-position unit (8) calculates through public's cordless communication network; Upper-position unit carries out analysing and processing through self-programmed software to data, is shown by display device.
4. the sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system of adopting according to claim 1 and 2; The formation that it is characterized in that said fiber grating displacement sensor a (3) is: in pipeline b (17) bottom fiber grating displacement sensor a (3) is installed; Fiber grating displacement sensor a (3) is connected through fastener with pipeline b (17); Fiber grating displacement sensor a (3) or connect with strain transducer; Or cause optical Fiber Closure b (19) through optical patchcord (18) separately, be connected with optical cable through optical Fiber Closure b (19);
Said fiber grating displacement sensor a (3) is made up of mounting blocks (12), fiber bragg grating (13), dynamometer link (14), load-bearing plate (25); Mounting blocks (12) connects into " worker " font by dynamometer link (14) and load-bearing plate (15), and fiber bragg grating (13) is fixed on the dynamometer link (14); Load-bearing plate (15) is used to bear and stays soil body gravity, and fiber bragg grating (13) is measured the strain that dynamometer link (14) takes place, and is converted into displacement through corresponding relation; Mounting blocks (12) is convenient to being installed on the pipeline of sensor-robust; Wherein dynamometer link (14) is threaded with mounting blocks (12) with load-bearing plate (15), dynamometer link (14), and mounting blocks (12) is connected through fastener with pipeline.
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Application publication date: 20120208 |