CN102345797B - System for monitoring oil-gas pipeline in mining subsidence area - Google Patents
System for monitoring oil-gas pipeline in mining subsidence area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for monitoring an oil-gas pipeline in a mining subsidence area based on a fiber grating sensing technology. The system comprises a pipe body strain monitoring device, a pipe-soil relative displacement monitoring device and a mining subsidence area horizontal deformation monitoring device; a fiber grating strain sensor a (3) and a pipe-soil relative displacement sensor a (4) are arranged on the monitoring section of an oil-gas pipeline a (2) of a mining subsidence area (1); sensors on every section are connected in series by fusing, and are connected with an optical cable a (7) through a fiber junction box a (6); the optical cable a (7) is connected with an optical switch (8); the optical switch (8) is connected with a fiber grating demodulator (9); the demodulator (9) is connected with a lower computer (10); data preprocessed with the lower computer (10) are transmitted through a wireless communication module a (11), received by a wireless communication module b (12) and transmitted to an upper computer (13); and a fiber grating sensing network a (5) is used for monitoring soil body horizontal displacement in real time and transmitting data to the upper computer (13).
Description
Technical field
The present invention be a kind of based on fiber grating sensing technology adopt sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system, relate to measurement and the piping system technical field of measuring stress, the measurement of temperature, similar linear dimension.
Background technology
Underground ore bed space by forming after exploitation is called the goaf.Underground ore bed its rock stratum, top loses support by after exploitation, and equilibrium condition is destroyed, produces crooked, slump thereupon, so that develops into the surface subsidence distortion, causes surface subsidence, forms lowland.Along with the continuous expansion in goaf, lowland development and forming is adopted the sky subsidence area, so on the ground or underground buildings or structures produce harm.Adopting the sky disaster of subsiding is to cause one of the principal mode of the geologic hazard of human life's property loss.Long can reach thousands of kilometers apart from oil transportation or gas pipe line fed distance, often inevitably will pass and adopt the sky subsidence area.Due to the reasons such as further exploitation of the insufficient or underground ore body of route selection, might pass through in movable collapse basin at the pipeline of adopting the sky subsidence area, thereby make the safe operation of pipeline suffer serious threat.
Build up global article one crude oil pipeline as far back as the U.S. in 1865 and rise, the world has namely entered into the epoch of pipeline operation, and device for cleaning pipeline is crossed the goaf problem and constantly occurred.Stipulated in " engineering manual subsides " that Britain state coal council in 1975 promulgates that the prediction device for cleaning pipeline crosses " the NCB method " of coal mine gob surface subsidence.1986, international pipeline research institute entrusts Battelle research institute to be studied passing through the stressed proterties of pipeline and the method for preventing and treating of adopting the sky subsidence area, formed the pipeline monitoring and control of district " mining damage " report (NG-18, No.155), this project system has been summed up and has been adopted the feature that sky subsides, analyze slow-witted dead zone to the harm of pipeline, developed corresponding Stress calculation software, proposed subsidence area pipeline monitoring method.
Although China's pipeline cause is started late, but the pipeline industry of China be in flourish among, these pipelines oil and gas transmission that China is western abundant mostly to the east of China, are stepping up to build and the energy conveyance conduit planned has many thousands of kilometers pipelines such as transfering natural gas from the west to the east, middle remote pipeline, blue Zheng's long pipeline.These pipelines are through many mineral goaf or following mining area.As 8 mining areas of transfer natural gas from the west to the east spool line approach Shanxi, Shandong, Shaanxi, 4 provinces and regions, Ningxia, the impact in the part goaf that is subjected to that 76 pit minings form, total length is 887.494km approximately, the goaf is in case form, to destroy the earth's surface equilibrium condition, cause earth's surface large tracts of land sinking, depression, crack or the secondary disaster such as induced landslide, avalanche, directly affect pipe safety; Shan crow natural gas line is adopted the sky subsidence area through 12 places on the way, and influenced total length is 12.6km approximately, and pipe safety production is consisted of significant threat, and is wherein serious with reed Cao Gou subsidence area; Capital, Shan gas transmission line is by way of Coal Mining Area of Shanxi Province, and the long product pipeline Henan Section of blue Zheng, the large crude oil pipeline of iron etc. are also easily adopted the disasters such as sky subsides.
In the face of numerous sky disasters of subsiding of adopting, although the pipeline operator of China has been taked positive engineering protection measure, but also there is the drawback of some in these measures, at first be that cost is high, next is that protection works are not " putting things right once and for all " yet, the uncertain factor of design and construction is more, moreover cycle length and improvement that protection is administered are difficult for grasping opportunity.The monitoring be a kind of efficiently, prophylactico-therapeutic measures cheaply.The international pipeline research institute of the U.S. (PRCI) will monitor pipeline and adopt the subside major way of disaster of sky as control, and the pipelines such as the transfering natural gas from the west to the east of China, capital, Shan line are gone into operation and afterwards the goaf also effectively monitored.
Traditional goaf soil deformation adopts transit, spirit-leveling instrument, steel ruler, offset scale and the methods such as total powerstation or GPS, the real-time of these methods is all relatively poor, be all that earth's surface this existing phenomenon of having subsided is carried out result monitoring, be difficult to satisfy the requirement of goaf monitoring advanced prediction, long-term and real-time online.The monitoring of traditional pipeline strain is counted the master with electric resistance wire strain gauge, vibrating string type strain, and relatively poor aspect corrosion-resistant, anti-interference, stability also is difficult to meet the demands.The Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques (take BOTDR as representative) that rose in recent years is existing certain application aspect the body monitoring.
These present monitoring modes all are confined to subside to adopting sky (causing the calamity body) or pipeline (hazard-affected body) carries out independent monitoring, also do not carry out the combined monitoring of system on adopting sky collapse-deformation and the lower pipeline of impact thereof, also leading monitoring and the pipe soil relative displacement of adopting sky subsidence area soil deformation information are not monitored.Combined monitoring can not only judge active situation, development rule, the failure mechanism of adopting the sky effect of subsiding in advance, can also find out that adopting sky subsides to influence mode and the degree of pipeline, the more important thing is the stress change in displacement rule that to grasp steel pipe, the safe condition of judgement pipeline determines to provide foundation for control opportunity.Comprehensive above information just can be carried out safe early warning to adopting sky subsidence area pipeline, forecasts in advance the steady state (SS) in goaf and the precarious position of pipeline, for the design enforcement of scheme of disaster reduction provides foundation.Combined monitoring has represented the trend of adopting sky subsidence area pipeline monitoring.
Fiber grating is fiber optic passive device with the fastest developing speed in recent years.It is a kind of space periodicity index distribution of utilizing the light sensitive characteristic of fiber optic materials to set up on the fibre core of optical fiber, its role is to change or control light in this regional dissemination mode.Except have the anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) of ordinary optic fibre, size is little, lightweight, intensity is high, the characteristics such as high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, fiber grating also has its unique characteristic: be easy to little with optically-coupled, coupling loss, be easy to wavelength-division multiplex etc.Thereby make fiber grating in fields such as optical-fibre communications and Fibre Optical Sensors, wide prospect be arranged.As a kind of emerging technology of photon research field, the sensing technology take fiber grating as pedestal sensor spare is subject to common concern in recent years, and the various countries researcher actively develops relevant research work.At present, the physical quantity that the fiber-optic grating sensor of having reported can be monitored has: temperature, strain, pressure, displacement, pressure, torsional angle, moment of torsion (twisting stress), acceleration, electric current, voltage, magnetic field, frequency, concentration, thermal expansivity, vibration etc., wherein practical application of a part of fiber grating sensing system.
Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) is simple, the most general a kind of fiber grating.It is that one section refractive index is periodically variable optical fiber, and its index modulation degree of depth and grating cycle are all generally constants.The variation of temperature, strain can cause the cycle of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and the variation of refractive index, thereby the reflectance spectrum of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and transmission spectrum are changed.The variation of reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum by the detection fiber Bragg grating just can obtain the information of corresponding temperature and strain, and Here it is measures the ultimate principle of temperature and strain with Fiber Bragg Grating FBG.
By coupled mode theory as can be known, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG can be coupled to another guided mode that transmits in opposite direction with a guided mode that wherein transmits and form narrowband reflection, peak reflectance wavelength (bragg wavelength) λ uniformly
BFor:
λ
B＝2n
effΛ(1)
In formula: λ
BBe bragg wavelength; n
effEffective refractive index for the spread fiber pattern; Λ is grating pitch.
Can get the centre wavelength of grating and the relation of temperature and strain to formula (1) differential:
In formula:
Thermal expansivity for optical fiber;
Thermo-optical coeffecient for fiber optic materials;
Elasto-optical coefficient for fiber optic materials.By formula (2) as can be known, strain is to cause the variation of bragg wavelength due to the flexible and elasto-optical effect in Fiber Bragg Grating FBG cycle, and temperature is to cause the variation of bragg wavelength due to Fiber Bragg Grating FBG thermal expansion effects and thermo-optic effect.
Fiber grating can be made into various senser elements, is used widely at sensory field.Compare with traditional electric transducer, fiber-optic grating sensor has advantages of own unique: (1) transducing head structure is simple, volume is little, lightweight, shape variable, be fit to imbed in various large scale structures, can measure stress, strain and the structural damage etc. of inside configuration, stability, good reproducibility; (2) and have natural compatibility between optical fiber, easily be connected with optical fiber, light loss is low, spectral characteristic good, reliability is high; (3) have non-conducting, little on measured medium impact, have again characteristics anticorrosive, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), be adapted at working in rugged surroundings; (4) light and handy soft, can write a plurality of gratings in an optical fiber, consist of sensor array, combine with wavelength-division multiplex and time division multiplex system, realize distributed sensing; (5) metrical information is with Wavelength-encoding, thereby fiber-optic grating sensor is not subjected to the impact of the factors such as light-intensity variation, optical fiber connection and coupling loss, the optical polarization variation of light source, the antijamming capability that tool is stronger; (6) high sensitivity, high degree of resolution.
Compare with widely used Brillouin light domain reflectometer BOTDR, the advantage of fiber-optic grating sensor has: (1) can accurately locate measurement point, and resolution is high; (2) cost is low; (3) can process transducing part, encapsulate, make it be more suitable for on-the-spot rugged surroundings.
Due to these advantages, in the Geotechnical Engineering field, fiber-optic grating sensor is easy to imbed in Rock And Soil strain and the temperature to its inside and carries out high resolving power and large-range measuring, technical advantage is very obvious, especially be embodied in and obtain long-term, reliable Rock And Soil deformation data, yet there are no the report that fiber grating sensing technology is used for goaf body strain, pipe soil relative displacement and goaf pipeline laying band horizontal deformation of soil body at worked combined monitoring.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to invent that a kind of spatial resolution is high, cost is low, adopt sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system based on the fiber grating real-time online safely and effectively.
The present invention propose based on fiber grating sensing technology adopt sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system, comprise three parts: body strain monitoring device, pipe soil relative displacement monitoring device, adopt sky subsidence area horizontal deformation of soil body at worked monitoring device.Wherein, body strain and pipe soil relative displacement adopt fiber-optic grating sensor real time on-line monitoring device, adopt sky subsidence area horizontal distortion and adopt optical fiber grating sensing net real time on-line monitoring device, fiber grating early warning content comprises the early warning of early warning to the body ess-strain, pipe soil relative displacement and the early warning of pipeline top soil deformation.
Adopt the overall formation of sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes combination monitoring system as shown in Figure 1.It comprises body strain monitoring device, pipe soil relative displacement monitoring device, adopt sky subsidence area horizontal distortion monitoring device three parts.Installing optical fibres grating strain transducer a3 and pipe soil relative displacement sensor a4 on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes a2 that adopts sky subsidence area 1, sensor welding series connection on each cross section, then be connected with the optical cable a7 that causes the monitoring station by optical Fiber Closure a6, in the monitoring station, optical cable a7 is connected with photoswitch 8, photoswitch 8 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9 is connected with slave computer 10, the pretreated data of slave computer 10 are by GPRS communication module a11 transmission, and GPRS communication module b12 passes to host computer 13 after receiving; Simultaneously, the optical fiber grating sensing net a5 Real-Time Monitoring earth horizontal displacement in pipe top laying also sends data to host computer 13.
The concrete body of adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes combination monitoring system consists of as shown in Figure 9, and this system is divided into on-site data gathering transmission system and long-range receiving and analyzing system.Comprising body strain monitoring device, pipe soil relative displacement monitoring device, adopt sky subsidence area horizontal distortion monitoring device three parts.
The on-site data gathering transmission system comprises optical fiber grating sensing net, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, fiber grating displacement sensor, photoswitch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, slave computer, GPRS communication module, optical fiber grating sensing net, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, fiber grating displacement sensor output connect respectively the input of photoswitch, the output of photoswitch connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, the output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the input of slave computer, and the output of slave computer connects the GPRS communication module.
Long-range receiving and analyzing system comprises that GPRS communication module, host computer, the long-range real-time reception of data-signal, data signal analysis and processing, change curve dynamically show; The output of GPRS communication module connects the input of host computer, and the output of host computer connects respectively the dynamically input of demonstration of the long-range real-time reception of data-signal, data signal analysis and processing, change curve.
Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor a3 and pipe soil relative displacement sensor a4 pass to photoswitch 8 with body strain and pipe soil relative displacement signal through optical cable a7, photoswitch 8 reaches slave computer 10 by fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9 demodulation, slave computer 10 calls self-editing program, control photoswitch 8 and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, realize the collection of data and data are carried out pre-service; Pretreated data receive by GPRS communication module a11 transmission, GPRS communication module b12 and pass to host computer 13, and 13 pairs of data of host computer are carried out further analyzing and processing, force and deformation state and the pipe soil relative displacement of judgement pipeline; Simultaneously, optical fiber grating sensing net a5 Real-Time Monitoring horizontal deformation of soil body at worked, also send data to host computer 13 with the same manner, 13 pairs of soil deformation data analysis of host computer, and in conjunction with the distortion of pipeline and the analysis result of pipe soil relative displacement, the safe condition of sky subsidence area pipeline and the situation of subsiding of the goaf soil body are adopted in judgement.
the electric principle of this system as shown in figure 10, monitoring pipe body strain respectively, pipe soil relative displacement, three type optical fiber grating sensors--the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor a3 of subsidence area horizontal distortion, fiber grating displacement sensor a4, the PC joint of optical fiber grating sensing net a5 is connected with the PC joint of photoswitch 8 with optical cable a7, the R232 of photoswitch 8 connects the R232 interface of slave computer 10, the PC joint of photoswitch 8 connects the PC interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9SM125, the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9SM125 connects the LAN port of slave computer 10, the output of slave computer 10 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display, the R232 port of slave computer 10 connects the R232 port of GPRS transport module a11 Siemens MC 35i, GPRS transport module a11 is through antenna GSM, GPRS network, received the R232 of host computer 13 after being received by GPRS receiver module b12 antenna GSM by R232, the output of host computer 13 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display.
The output signal of three type optical fiber grating sensors of body strain, pipe soil relative displacement, subsidence area horizontal distortion through photoswitch 8 one by one conducting transfer to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9 demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer 10, and the cycle of photoswitch 8 Continuity signals is controlled by slave computer 10.10 pairs of data of slave computer are carried out pre-service, and the data after processing are defeated by GPRS transport module a11, GPRS transport module a11 is transferred to each monitoring variable that slave computer 10 calculates the host computer 13 that is positioned at office by public's cordless communication network, host computer carries out analyzing and processing by self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
Wherein:
Described body strain monitoring device comprises fiber Bragg grating strain sensor a3, photoswitch 8, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, slave computer 10, GPRS communication module a11, GPRS communication module b12, host computer 13, because photoswitch 8, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, slave computer 10, GPRS communication module a11, GPRS communication module b12, host computer 13 are shared, the special part in body strain monitoring device only is described herein; As shown in Figure 3, each monitoring 90 °, interval, cross section direction at pipeline b14 is evenly arranged 3 fiber Bragg grating strain sensor a15, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor b16, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor c17 and a temperature compensation sensor 18,4 sensors are connected by welding, then be connected with optical cable b20 by optical Fiber Closure a19, optical cable b20 causes the monitoring station with signal;
Described pipe soil relative displacement monitoring device comprises fiber grating displacement sensor b25, photoswitch 8, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, slave computer 10, GPRS communication module a11, GPRS communication module b12, host computer 13, because photoswitch 8, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, slave computer 10, GPRS communication module a11, GPRS communication module b12, host computer 13 are shared, the fiber grating displacement sensor b25 in body strain monitoring device only is described herein;
The formation of fiber grating displacement sensor b25 as shown in Figure 5; At pipeline c26 bottom installing optical fibres grating displacement sensor b25, fiber grating displacement sensor b25 is connected by fastener with pipeline c26, fiber grating displacement sensor b25 can connect with strain transducer, also can cause optical Fiber Closure c28 by optical patchcord 27 separately, be connected with optical cable by optical Fiber Closure c28;
Wherein fiber grating displacement sensor b25 (seeing Fig. 4) is comprised of mounting blocks 21, dynamometer link 22, fiber grating 23, load-bearing plate 24; Mounting blocks 21 connects into " work " font by dynamometer link 22 and load-bearing plate 24, and fiber grating 23 is fixed on dynamometer link 22; Load-bearing plate 24 is used for bearing staying soil body gravity, and fiber grating 23 is measured the strain that dynamometer link 22 occurs, and is converted into displacement by corresponding relation; Mounting blocks 21 is convenient to being installed on pipeline of sensor-robust; Wherein dynamometer link 22 is threaded with mounting blocks 21 with load-bearing plate 24, dynamometer link 22, and mounting blocks 21 is crossed fastener with device for cleaning pipeline and is connected;
The measurement mechanism of pipe soil relative displacement monitoring device can be understood by strain stress P the situation of pipe soil relative displacement as shown in Figure 6; When monitor strain ε P reaches threshold value and keeps constant, show that body has been in vacant state;
The described sky subsidence area horizontal distortion monitoring device of adopting equally also comprises optical fiber grating sensing net b32, photoswitch 8, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, slave computer 10, GPRS communication module a11, GPRS communication module b12, host computer 13, because photoswitch 8, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, slave computer 10, GPRS communication module a11, GPRS communication module b12, host computer 13 are shared, only be explained with regard to optical fiber grating sensing net b32;
The formation of optical fiber grating sensing net b32 as shown in Figure 8; When body has laid to the piping design position, and earthing is backfilled to Guan Dinghou, and optical fiber grating sensing net b32 is laid on the surface of leveling in each 5m scopes of both sides (piping lane band) centered by pipeline d31 axis, and length is decided by the scope of adopting the sky subsidence area;
Wherein optical fiber grating sensing net b32 is comprised of non-woven geotextile 29, fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor 30.Fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor 30 is woven into the " # " font and is fixed in the middle of the two-layer non-woven geotextile 29 in up and down; Each fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor is separately 1 the tunnel, and the fiber grating number needs on every road is decided according to adopting the actual conditions that sky subsides, and is connected with optical cable c34 by optical Fiber Closure c33, and finally causes the monitoring station.
The output signal of three type optical fiber grating sensors of body strain, pipe soil relative displacement, subsidence area horizontal distortion through photoswitch one by one conducting transfer to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9 demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer 10, and the cycle of photoswitch 8 Continuity signals is controlled by slave computer 10.10 pairs of data of slave computer are carried out pre-service, and the data after processing are defeated by GPRS transport module a11, GPRS transport module a11 is transferred to each monitoring variable that slave computer 10 calculates the host computer 13 that is positioned at office by public's cordless communication network, host computer carries out analyzing and processing by self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
The field monitoring station is arranged on adopts near the valve chamber in sky subsidence area, comprises following a few part:
(1) optical Fiber Closure of monitoring station and each sensor be connected optical cable, be used for adopting the sensor signal concentration of transmissions of each position on the sky subsidence area to the monitoring station;
(2) photoswitch 8, and sky subsides and the sensor of pipeline is a lot of because monitoring is adopted, and signalling channel is numerous, can't once be connected on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, with photoswitch 8, each channel signal changed successively to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9 and analyzed;
(3) fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, are used for demodulating the centre wavelength displacement of each sensor;
(4) computing machine and program, be used for controlling the frequency of (FBG) demodulator demodulation, and the centre wavelength displacement that (FBG) demodulator demodulates is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically, these monitoring variables are sent to the GPRS communication module, and the signal of reception GPRS communication module is controlled;
(5) GPRS communication module is used for each monitoring variable that computing machine calculates is transferred to the server that is positioned at office by cordless communication network, also can accept the signal of server, sends to computing machine.
The principle of work of this system is: when adopting 1 distortion of sky subsidence area, the strain of pipeline a2 acts on and changing because bearing staying of the soil body, measures by the strain transducer a3 on body; Simultaneously, along with adopting constantly carrying out that sky subsides, the displacement between pipeline and its below soil body also changes, and measures by displacement transducer a4; Adopt sky subsidence area horizontal distortion by horizontal distortion monitoring device a5 monitoring simultaneously.by connecting optical cable a7, to adopt the sensor signal concentration of transmissions of each position, sky subsidence area to photoswitch 8, photoswitch 8 changes each channel signal successively to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9 demodulates each sensor wavelength centre wavelength displacement and sensing to on-site computer 10, on-site computer 10 is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically with the centre wavelength displacement that (FBG) demodulator demodulates, and monitoring variable is sent to on-the-spot GPRS communication module a11, GPRS communication module a11 is by the cordless communication network signal transmission, b12 sends host computer 13 to the GPRS communication module, host computer 13 is with each monitoring variable and alarm threshold value contrast, provide warning in the time of necessary.
The advantage of native system shows:
(1) adopt the safe early warning of the lower oil and gas pipes of sky subsidence area impact with many indexs;
(2) fiber grating sensing technology is applied to adopt the monitoring of sky subsidence area, this technology is anti-interference, corrosion-resistant, it is with the obvious advantage to be easy to networking etc.; This technology is easy to realize the remote auto real time on-line monitoring, and cost is lower;
(3) body strain monitoring, at each even 3 sensor (90 ° or 120 ° of distributions) of installing in monitoring cross section, realized the monitoring purpose with minimum monitoring point, saved cost, also reduced the set-up time of equipment and to the damage of body, for the control of adopting sky subsidence area pipeline provides effective foundation, guaranteed the safety of pipeline;
(4) pipe soil relative displacement monitoring, adopt the feature of sky subsidence area according to the pipeline place, 1 fiber grating displacement sensor is installed under the body in each body strain monitoring cross section, the relative displacement situation that is used for monitoring body and the soil body that underlies thereof, judge pipe soil relative displacement and body whether unsettled and unsettled position by the variation of monitor value, avoided distinguishing by the excavation pipe trench whether body is unsettled, the selection of carrying out protection works opportunitys for adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes provides effective foundation, reduce the blindness of protection works and saved the conduit running cost, also guaranteed simultaneously the security of operation of pipeline, construction when having reduced the excavation checking is dangerous,
(5) adopt sky subsidence area horizontal distortion monitoring, the top soil body strain of adopting the monitoring of optical fiber grating sensing net and pipeline directly to contact just can calculate the horizontal distortion of this zone soil body by the deformation values of monitoring; Simultaneously according to adopting the deformation behaviour that sky subsides, to be converted into subside " monitoring of this quality factor " to " the phenomenon monitoring " of adopting the sky subsidence area, can forecast the earth's surface distortion in advance, avoid the wrong report to " earth's surface obvious distortion do not occur and represents that pipeline is not stressed or also be in a safe condition ", improved efficient and the accuracy of adopting sky subsidence area pipeline early warning;
(6) native system have automatically, continuously, characteristics timely, can accurately and timely grasp the steady state (SS) of adopting the sky subsidence area soil body, body safe condition and outstanding state whether secretly, can provide strong foundation to the science decision on the improvement reinforcing of adopting the sky subsidence area and pipe safety protection opportunity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system pie graph
Fig. 2 body strain monitoring installation drawing
Fig. 3 body strain transducer position view
Fig. 4 displacement transducer pie graph
Fig. 5 pipe soil relative displacement monitoring device figure
The measurement mechanism figure of Fig. 6 pipe soil relative displacement monitoring device
Fig. 7 optical fiber grating sensing net pie graph
Fig. 8 horizontal deformation of soil body at worked monitoring device figure
Fig. 9 adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes Fundamentals of Supervisory Systems figure
Figure 10 adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system electrical schematic diagram
Wherein 1-adopts sky subsidence area 2-pipeline a
3-fiber Bragg grating strain sensor a 4-pipe soil relative displacement sensor a
5-optical fiber grating sensing net a 6-optical Fiber Closure a
7-optical cable a 8-photoswitch
9-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 10-slave computer
11-GPRS communication module a 12-GPRS communication module b
13-host computer 14-pipeline b
15-fiber Bragg grating strain sensor a16-fiber Bragg grating strain sensor b
17-fiber Bragg grating strain sensor c 18-temperature compensation sensor
19-optical Fiber Closure b 20-optical cable b
21-mounting blocks 22-dynamometer link
23-fiber grating 24-load-bearing plate
25-pipe soil relative displacement sensor b 26-pipeline c
27-optical patchcord 28-optical Fiber Closure c
29-non-woven geotextile 30-fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor
31-pipeline d 32-optical fiber grating sensing net b
33-optical Fiber Closure c 34-optical cable c
Embodiment
Embodiment. this example is an experimental system, and it consists of as Fig. 1-shown in Figure 10.Be 10 at a ratio of depth mining and thickness mininging, exploitation length 15m, buried depth of pipeline 3m, duct length are 130m adopts on the sky subsidence area and test, pipe diameter is that 168mm, wall thickness are 6mm, grade of steel L245.
Adopt sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system and be divided into collection in worksite emission coefficient and long-range receiving and analyzing system, specifically comprise body strain monitoring device, pipe soil relative displacement monitoring device, adopt sky subsidence area horizontal distortion monitoring device, the receiving terminal (host computer) of field monitoring station, office.
Adopt the overall formation of sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system as shown in Figure 1.Installing optical fibres grating strain transducer a3 and pipe soil relative displacement sensor a4 on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes a2 that adopts sky subsidence area 1, sensor welding series connection on each cross section, then be connected with the optical cable a7 that causes the monitoring station by optical Fiber Closure a6, in the monitoring station, optical cable a7 is connected with photoswitch 8, photoswitch 8 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9 is connected with slave computer 10, the pretreated data of slave computer 10 are by GPRS communication module a11 transmission, and GPRS communication module b12 passes to host computer 13 after receiving; Simultaneously, optical fiber grating sensing net a5 Real-Time Monitoring earth horizontal displacement also sends data to host computer 13.
Adopt the concrete formation of sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes combination monitoring system as shown in Figure 9, this system is divided into on-site data gathering transmission system and long-range receiving and analyzing system.Comprising body strain monitoring device, pipe soil relative displacement monitoring device, adopt sky subsidence area horizontal distortion monitoring device three parts.
The on-site data gathering transmission system comprises optical fiber grating sensing net, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, fiber grating displacement sensor, photoswitch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, slave computer, GPRS communication module, optical fiber grating sensing net, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, fiber grating displacement sensor output connect respectively the input of photoswitch, the output of photoswitch connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, the output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the input of slave computer, and the output of slave computer connects the GPRS communication module.
Long-range receiving and analyzing system comprises that GPRS communication module, host computer, the long-range real-time reception of data-signal, data signal analysis and processing, change curve dynamically show; The output of GPRS communication module connects the input of host computer, and the output of host computer connects respectively the dynamically input of demonstration of the long-range real-time reception of data-signal, data signal analysis and processing, change curve.
Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor a3 and pipe soil relative displacement sensor a4 pass to photoswitch 8 with body strain and pipe soil relative displacement signal through optical cable a7, photoswitch 8 reaches slave computer 10 by fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9 demodulation, slave computer 10 calls self-editing program, control photoswitch 8 and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, realize the collection of data and data are carried out pre-service; Pretreated data receive by GPRS communication module a11 transmission, GPRS communication module b12 and pass to host computer 13, and 13 pairs of data of host computer are carried out further analyzing and processing, force and deformation state and the pipe soil relative displacement of judgement pipeline; Simultaneously, optical fiber grating sensing net a5 Real-Time Monitoring horizontal deformation of soil body at worked, also send data to host computer 13 with the same manner, 13 pairs of soil deformation data analysis of host computer, and in conjunction with the distortion of pipeline and the analysis result of pipe soil relative displacement, the safe condition of empty subsidence area pipeline and the situation of subsiding of the goaf soil body are stayed in judgement.
the electric principle of this system as shown in figure 10, monitoring pipe body strain respectively, pipe soil relative displacement, three type optical fiber grating sensors--the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor a3 of subsidence area horizontal distortion, fiber grating displacement sensor a4, the PC joint of optical fiber grating sensing net a5 is connected with the PC joint of photoswitch 8 with optical cable a7, the R232 of photoswitch 8 connects the R232 interface of slave computer 10, the PC joint of photoswitch 8 connects the PC interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9SM125, the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9SM125 connects the LAN port of slave computer 10, the output of slave computer 10 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display, the R232 port of slave computer 10 connects the R232 port of GPRS transport module a11 Siemens MC 35i, GPRS transport module a11 is through antenna GSM, GPRS network, received the R232 of host computer 13 after being received by GPRS receiver module b12 antenna GSM by R232, the output of host computer 13 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display.
The output signal of three type optical fiber grating sensors of body strain, pipe soil relative displacement, subsidence area horizontal distortion through photoswitch 8 one by one conducting transfer to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9 demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer 10, and the cycle of photoswitch 8 Continuity signals is controlled by slave computer 10.10 pairs of data of slave computer are carried out pre-service, and the data after processing are defeated by GPRS transport module a11, GPRS transport module a11 is transferred to each monitoring variable that slave computer 10 calculates the host computer 13 that is positioned at office by public's cordless communication network, host computer carries out analyzing and processing by self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
Wherein:
body strain monitoring device as shown in Figure 2, arrange that at pipeline b14 17 are monitored the cross section, each is monitored interval, cross section 90 degree directions and is evenly arranged 3 fiber Bragg grating strain sensor a15, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor b16, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor c17 and a temperature compensation sensor 18, 4 sensors are connected by welding, then be connected with optical cable b20 by optical Fiber Closure b19, optical cable b20 is connected to the photoswitch 8 in the monitoring station, photoswitch 8 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9 is connected with slave computer 10, the pretreated data output of slave computer 10 connects GPRS communication module a11 transmission, GPRS communication module b12 receives host computer 13 after receiving, the slave computer 10 of monitoring station calls self-editing program, controls fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, realizes the real-time automatic collecting of data.
In above-mentioned monitoring device:
Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor: BGK-FBG-4150;
Photoswitch is selected the grand SUM-FSW of light;
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is selected SM125;
The pipe soil relative displacement monitoring device as shown in Figure 5; At pipeline c26 bottom installing optical fibres grating displacement sensor b25, fiber grating displacement sensor b25 is connected by fastener with pipeline c26, fiber grating displacement sensor b25 can connect with strain transducer, also can cause optical Fiber Closure b28 by optical patchcord 27 separately, be connected with optical cable by optical Fiber Closure b28; Optical cable causes the monitoring station with signal, and monitoring station slave computer 10 calls self-editing program, controls fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, realizes the real-time automatic collecting of data;
Wherein fiber grating displacement sensor b25, be comprised of mounting blocks 21, dynamometer link 22, fiber grating 23, load-bearing plate 24, as Fig. 6.Mounting blocks 21 connects into " work " font by dynamometer link 22 and load-bearing plate 24, and fiber grating 23 is fixed on dynamometer link 22; Load-bearing plate 24 is used for bearing staying soil body gravity, and fiber grating 23 is measured the strain that dynamometer link 22 occurs, and is converted into displacement by corresponding relation; Mounting blocks 21 is convenient to being installed on pipeline of sensor-robust; Wherein dynamometer link 22 is threaded with mounting blocks 21 with load-bearing plate 24, dynamometer link 22, and mounting blocks 21 is crossed fastener with device for cleaning pipeline and is connected;
Wherein:
Fiber grating displacement sensor: the fiber-optic grating sensor of selecting the designed, designed encapsulation;
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9 is selected SM125;
Adopt sky subsidence area horizontal deformation of soil body at worked monitoring device as shown in Figure 8, the optical fiber grating sensing net is laid on the surface of leveling in each 5m scopes of both sides (piping lane band) centered by pipeline d31 axis; The optical fiber grating sensing net is comprised of non-woven geotextile 29, fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor 30; Fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor 30 is woven into the " # " font and is fixed in the middle of the two-layer non-woven geotextile 29 in up and down.Each fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor is separately 1 the tunnel, and between, middle part 5 tunnel axial arranged 7 tunnel along pipeline d31, spacing is that 2m, each one tunnel road spacing that is adjacent of both sides are 1m, and every road arranges 6 gratings, spacing is 4m; Respectively be arranged symmetrically with 4 the tunnel take the center, subsidence area as the both sides, axis along vertical pipe d31 axial direction, center 1 tunnel (arranging 5 tunnel altogether), spacing be as 4m, every road arranges 7 gratings, spacing is 1.67m; Be connected with optical cable c34 by optical Fiber Closure c33, and finally cause the monitoring station;
Wherein:
Fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor 30: the fiber-optic grating sensor of selecting the designed, designed encapsulation;
Non-woven geotextile 29 is selected SMG100;
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9 is selected SM125.
The field monitoring station is arranged on adopts sky subsidence area monitoring field, as shown in Figure 1, comprises optical Fiber Closure a6, connects optical cable a7, photoswitch 8, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, slave computer 10, GPRS transport module a11; The signal of each fiber-optic grating sensor collection is received the photoswitch 8 of monitoring station by optical cable a7, photoswitch 8 outputs connect fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9 outputs connect slave computer 10, and slave computer 10 outputs meet GPRS transport module a11.
the signal of each fiber-optic grating sensor collection is received the photoswitch 8 of monitoring station by optical cable a7, photoswitch 8 changes each channel signal successively to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9 demodulates the centre wavelength displacement of each fiber-optic grating sensor to slave computer 10, slave computer 10 automatically calculates the signal that each monitoring variable is defeated by GPRS transport module a11 and accepts GPRS transport module a11 and controls, each monitoring variable that GPRS transport module a11 calculates slave computer 10 is transferred to by the public's cordless communication network receiving terminal host computer 13 that is positioned at office and is further analyzed and processes, slave computer 10 also can accept to receive by GPRS transport module b12 the signal of host computer 13 simultaneously.
Wherein:
Photoswitch 8: select the grand scientific and technological SUM-FSW of light;
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9: select SM125;
GPRS transport module a11: Siemens MC 35i
The receiving terminal that is positioned at office comprises following 2 parts:
(1) GPRS receiver module b12 is used for receiving the monitoring variable that field monitoring station GPRS transport module a11 sends, and is transferred to host computer 13, sends feedback command also can for on-the-spot GPRS transport module a11;
(2) host computer 13 and program are used for the signal of download terminal GPRS receiver module b12, and calling program carries out automatic analysis, and analysis result and alarm threshold value are compared, and implement warning in the time of necessary.
The principle of work of this system is: when adopting sky subsidence area 1 soil body and stay, the pipeline a2 that is embedded in soil body below is subject to the effect of top soil body load and the strain that bends, body fiber Bragg grating strain sensor a3 experiences stretching strain, by maximum strain and the position that can be calculated body, the i.e. axial strain of pipeline a2; Because the soil body below pipeline a2 constantly subsides, be embedded in the pipe soil relative displacement sensor a4 that adopts sky subsidence area 1 and produce tensile strain in bearing the process of soil pressure, fiber grating 23 on pipe soil relative displacement sensor a4 is experienced stretching strain, by can be calculated pipe soil relative displacement and strain, namely judge whether unsettled and unsettled position of pipeline a2; Adopt in the process of the sky subsidence area 1 bottom-up activity of the soil body, at pipeline a2 and above it on surface of contact of earthing, the horizontal strain of the soil body is measured by optical fiber grating sensing net a5, by can be calculated the distortion of soil body maximum horizontal.
by connecting optical cable a7, with the sensor signal concentration of transmissions of monitoring section each position to photoswitch 8, photoswitch 8 changes each channel signal successively to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 9 demodulates each sensor wavelength centre wavelength displacement and sensing to slave computer 10, slave computer 10 is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically with the centre wavelength displacement that (FBG) demodulator demodulates, maximum strain as pipeline a2, pipe soil relative displacement and strain, horizontal deformation of soil body at worked etc., and monitoring variable is sent to on-the-spot GPRS transport module a11, GPRS transport module a11 is transferred to terminal GPRS receiver module a12 by public's cordless communication network with signal, terminal GPRS receiver module a12 sends to terminal host computer 13, host computer 13 is with each monitoring variable and alarm threshold value contrast, provide warning in the time of necessary.
Wherein:
GPRS receiver module a12: select Siemens MC 35i;
With said system when monitoring, carry out the monitoring of soil deformation by installing optical fibres grating strain transducer a3 and optical fiber grating sensing net a5 on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes a2 that adopts sky subsidence area 1, carry out the pipe soil relative displacement monitoring by pipe soil relative displacement sensor a4;
The signal that collects is done pre-service by slave computer 10 after photoswitch 8, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator a9 demodulation;
The pretreated data of slave computer 10 receive host computer 13 by GPRS communication module a11 transmission, GPRS communication module b12; Host computer 13 judges whether data are complete, returns to slave computer 10 pre-service when imperfect again; The complete host computer 13 that passes to;
13 pairs of signals of host computer make further analysis and processing;
By host computer 13 output adopt sky subside horizontal deformation of soil body at worked change dynamically show, the body axial strain change dynamically show, pipe soil relative displacement changes dynamically and shows; And judge whether data exceed threshold value;
The alarm threshold value of body axial strain be body the ultimate strain value 70%, the alert if of pipe soil relative displacement is that monitor value surpasses preset value and keeps constant, the alert if of horizontal deformation of soil body at worked is that sudden change appears in monitoring curve;
Show that pipeline is in a safe condition when three parameter values during all less than threshold value separately;
When 70% or the pipe soil relative displacement value that reaches the ultimate strain value of body when the body axial strain reaches threshold value and keeps constant or the horizontal deformation of soil body at worked curve carry out the combined pre-warning of pipe safety when sudden change occurring.
If adopting the soil body of sky subsidence area 1 stays, the pipeline a2 that is embedded in soil body below is subject to the effect of top soil body load and the strain that bends, body fiber Bragg grating strain sensor a3 experiences stretching strain, by maximum strain and the position that can be calculated body, the i.e. axial strain of pipeline a2; Because the soil body below pipeline a2 constantly subsides, be embedded in the pipe soil relative displacement sensor a4 that adopts sky subsidence area 1 and produce tensile strain in bearing the process of soil pressure, fiber grating 23 on pipe soil relative displacement sensor a4 is experienced stretching strain, by can be calculated pipe soil relative displacement and strain, namely judge whether unsettled and unsettled position of pipeline a2; Adopt in the process of the sky subsidence area 1 bottom-up activity of the soil body, at pipeline a2 and above it on surface of contact of earthing, the horizontal strain of the soil body is measured by optical fiber grating sensing net a5, by can be calculated the distortion of soil body maximum horizontal.Thus, just can intactly measure the upper suffered various dependent variables of pipeline a2, and can calculate stress value.
Through monitoring for a long time, this example is easy to realize adopting real-time automatic collecting analysis and the long-range issue of sky subsidence area 1 and pipeline a2 combined monitoring data, long-range real-time automatic alarm.Avoided loaded down with trivial details artificial image data, improved the precision of early warning, reduced time of fire alarming, can also accurately locate place of alarm simultaneously, this to the pipeline emergency measure take most important.
Claims (6)
1. adopt sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system for one kind, it is characterized in that it comprises body strain monitoring device, pipe soil relative displacement monitoring device, adopts sky subsidence area horizontal distortion monitoring device three parts, installing optical fibres grating strain transducer a (3) and pipe soil relative displacement sensor a (4) on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes a (2) that adopts sky subsidence area (1), sensor welding series connection on each cross section, then be connected with the optical cable a (7) that causes the monitoring station by the first optical Fiber Closure a (6), in the monitoring station, optical cable a (7) is connected with photoswitch (8), photoswitch (8) is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (9), fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (9) is connected with slave computer (10), the pretreated data of slave computer (10) are by GPRS communication module a (11) transmission, GPRS communication module b (12) passes to host computer (13) after receiving, simultaneously, optical fiber grating sensing net a (5) the Real-Time Monitoring earth horizontal displacement of pipe top laying also sends data to host computer (13),
The output signal of three type optical fiber grating sensors of body strain, pipe soil relative displacement, subsidence area horizontal distortion through photoswitch one by one conducting transfer to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (9), the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (9) demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer (10), and the cycle of photoswitch (8) Continuity signal is controlled by slave computer (10); Slave computer (10) carries out pre-service to data, and the data after processing are defeated by GPRS communication module a (11), GPRS communication module a (11) is transferred to each monitoring variable that slave computer (10) calculates the host computer (13) that is positioned at office by public's cordless communication network, host computer carries out analyzing and processing by self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
2. the sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system of adopting according to claim 1 is characterized in that this system is divided into on-site data gathering transmission system and long-range receiving and analyzing system; Comprising body strain monitoring device, pipe soil relative displacement monitoring device, adopt sky subsidence area horizontal distortion monitoring device three parts;
The on-site data gathering transmission system comprises optical fiber grating sensing net a (5), fiber Bragg grating strain sensor a (3), pipe soil relative displacement sensor a (4), photoswitch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, slave computer, GPRS communication module, optical fiber grating sensing net, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, the output of pipe soil relative displacement sensor connect respectively the input of photoswitch, the output of photoswitch connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, the output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the input of slave computer, and the output of slave computer connects the GPRS communication module;
Long-range receiving and analyzing system comprises that GPRS communication module, host computer, the long-range real-time reception of data-signal, data signal analysis and processing, change curve dynamically show; The output of GPRS communication module connects the input of host computer, and the output of host computer connects respectively the dynamically input of demonstration of the long-range real-time reception of data-signal, data signal analysis and processing, change curve;
Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor a (3) and pipe soil relative displacement sensor a (4) pass to photoswitch (8) with body strain and pipe soil relative displacement signal through optical cable a (7), after photoswitch (8), fiber grating reaches slave computer (10) through (FBG) demodulator (9) demodulation, slave computer (10) calls self-editing program, control photoswitch (8) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (9), realize the collection of data and data are carried out pre-service; Pretreated data receive by GPRS communication module a (11) transmission, GPRS communication module b (12) and pass to host computer (13), host computer (13) carries out further analyzing and processing to data, force and deformation state and the pipe soil relative displacement of judgement pipeline; Simultaneously, optical fiber grating sensing net a (5) Real-Time Monitoring horizontal deformation of soil body at worked, also send data to host computer (13) with the same manner, host computer (13) is to the soil deformation data analysis, and in conjunction with the distortion of pipeline and the analysis result of pipe soil relative displacement, the safe condition of sky subsidence area pipeline and the situation of subsiding of the goaf soil body are adopted in judgement.
3. the sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system of adopting according to claim 1 and 2, the electric principle that it is characterized in that this system is: monitoring pipe body strain respectively, pipe soil relative displacement, three type optical fiber grating sensors of subsidence area horizontal distortion--fiber Bragg grating strain sensor a (3), pipe soil relative displacement sensor a (4), the PC joint of optical fiber grating sensing net a (5) is connected with the PC joint of photoswitch (8) with optical cable a (7), the R232 of photoswitch (8) connects the R232 interface of slave computer (10), the PC joint of photoswitch (8) connects the PC interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (9) SM125, the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (9) SM125 connects the LAN port of slave computer (10), the output of slave computer (10) is by the VGA end of VGA termination display, the R232 port of slave computer (10) connects the R232 port of GPRS communication module a (11) Siemens MC 35i, GPRS communication module a (11) is through antenna GSM, GPRS network, receive the R232 of host computer (13) by R232 after being received by GPRS communication module b (12) antenna GSM, the output of host computer (13) is by the VGA end of VGA termination display.
4. the sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system of adopting according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described body strain monitoring device is that each monitoring 90 °, interval, cross section direction at pipeline b (14) is evenly arranged 3 fiber Bragg grating strain sensor a (3) and a temperature compensation sensor (18), 4 sensors are connected by welding, then be connected with optical cable b (20) by the second optical Fiber Closure a (19), optical cable b (20) causes the monitoring station with signal.
5. the sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system of adopting according to claim 1 and 2, the formation that it is characterized in that fiber grating displacement sensor b (25) in described pipe soil relative displacement monitoring device is: the mounting pipe soil phase is to displacement transducer b (25) bottom pipeline c (26), pipe soil relative displacement sensor b (25) is connected by fastener with pipeline c (26), pipe soil relative displacement sensor b (25) can connect with strain transducer, also can cause the 3rd optical Fiber Closure c (28) by optical patchcord (27) separately, be connected with optical cable by the 3rd optical Fiber Closure c (28),
Described fiber grating displacement sensor b (25) is comprised of mounting blocks (21), dynamometer link (22), fiber grating (23), load-bearing plate (24); Mounting blocks (21) connects into " work " font by dynamometer link (22) and load-bearing plate (24), and fiber grating (23) is fixed on dynamometer link (22); Load-bearing plate (24) is used for bearing staying soil body gravity, and fiber grating (23) is measured the strain that dynamometer link (22) occurs, and is converted into displacement by corresponding relation; Mounting blocks (21) is convenient to being installed on pipeline of sensor-robust; Wherein dynamometer link (22) is threaded with mounting blocks (21) with load-bearing plate (24), dynamometer link (22), and mounting blocks (21) is crossed fastener with device for cleaning pipeline and is connected.
6. the sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system of adopting according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described formation of adopting optical fiber grating sensing net b (32) in the horizontal distortion monitoring device of sky subsidence area is: when body has laid to the piping design position, and earthing is backfilled to Guan Dinghou, and optical fiber grating sensing net b (32) is laid on the surface that flattens in each 5m piping lane band scope of both sides centered by pipeline d (31) axis;
Described optical fiber grating sensing net b (32) is comprised of non-woven geotextile (29), fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor (30); Fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor (30) is woven into the " # " font and is fixed in the middle of the two-layer non-woven geotextile in up and down (29); Each fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor is separately 1 the tunnel, and the fiber grating number needs on every road is decided according to adopting the actual conditions that sky subsides, and is connected with optical cable c (34) by the 4th optical Fiber Closure c (33), and finally causes the monitoring station.
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| CN102345794B (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2013-03-27 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | System for monitoring oil-gas pipeline in mining subsidence area and constructing method thereof |
| CN102620673A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-08-01 | 同济大学 | Tunnel deformation online monitoring system based on image analysis and application of system |
| CN103510986B (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-05-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Tunnel roof separation dynamic monitoring system based on fiber bragg grating and early-warning method thereof |
| CN104613885B (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2018-06-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of tunnel interior conduit monitoring and warning system |
| CN104613318B (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2018-01-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of tunnel interior conduit on-line monitoring method |
| CN105094073A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2015-11-25 | 上海燃气浦东销售有限公司 | Real-time dynamic monitoring system for underground pipe network |
| CN113532304B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2023-05-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Wing skin structure health state monitoring method based on quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating |
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| CN201779455U (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2011-03-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Mining subsidence area oil gas pipeline monitoring system |
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