CN102346012B - Construction method of monitoring system for mining subsidence area oil gas pipeline pipe soil relative displacement - Google Patents
Construction method of monitoring system for mining subsidence area oil gas pipeline pipe soil relative displacement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a mining subsidence area oil gas pipeline pipe soil relative displacement monitoring method, a system thereof, and a system construction method. A wavelength signal acquired by s sensor is subjected to demodulation and pretreatment at an on-site monitoring station, and is sent to a remote monitoring center through remote transmission; the monitoring center receives data, carries out further analysis processing on the data through a specific algorithm, and calculates mining subsidence area pipe soil relative displacement change; through dynamic display of the mining subsidence area pipe soil relative displacement change, state stabilization conditions of pipe body and soil strain change are subjected to determination to determine whether the data exceeds a threshold or not; an alarming condition of pipe soil relative displacement is that a monitoring value exceeds a preset value and maintains constant; when a property value is less than the threshold, it is showsthat a pipeline is in a safe state; when a pipe soil relative displacement value reaches the threshold and maintains constant, an early warning of pipeline security is carried out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of construction method of adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring method and system and system based on fiber grating sensing technology, relates to measurement and the piping system technical field of measuring stress, the measurement of temperature, similar linear dimension.
Background technology
The underground ore bed space that is formed by the exploitation back is called the goaf.Underground ore bed its rock stratum, top loses support by after the exploitation, and equilibrium condition is destroyed, produces crooked, slump thereupon, so that develops into the surface subsidence distortion, causes surface subsidence, forms lowland.Along with the continuous expansion in goaf, lowland constantly develops and forms and adopt the sky subsidence area, so on the ground or underground buildings or structures produce harm.Adopting the sky disaster of subsiding is to cause one of the principal mode of the geologic hazard of human life's property loss.Length can reach thousands of kilometers apart from oil transportation or gas pipe line fed distance, often will pass inevitably and adopt the sky subsidence area.Owing to the reasons such as further exploitation of the insufficient or underground ore body of route selection, might in movable collapse basin, pass through at the pipeline of adopting the sky subsidence area, thereby make the safe operation of pipeline suffer serious threat.
Build up global article one crude oil pipeline as far back as the U.S. in 1865 and rise, the world has namely entered into the epoch of pipeline operation, and pipeline then constantly occurs by the goaf problem.Stipulated " the NCB method " of prediction pipeline by the coal mine gob surface subsidence in " engineering manual subsides " of coal council of Britain country in 1975 promulgation.1986, world pipeline research institute entrusts Battelle research institute to study passing through the stressed proterties of the pipeline of adopting the sky subsidence area and the method for preventing and treating, formed " pipeline monitoring and the control in mining damage district " report (NG-18, No.155), this project system has been summed up and has been adopted the feature that sky subsides, analyze the harm of goaf to pipeline, developed corresponding Stress calculation software, proposed subsidence area pipeline monitoring method.
Though China's pipeline cause is started late, but the pipeline industry of China be in flourish among, these pipelines are transported to the western abundant petroleum gas of China the east of China mostly, are stepping up construction and are planning that energy conveyance conduit has many thousands of kilometers pipelines such as transfering natural gas from the west to the east, middle remote pipeline, blue Zheng's long pipeline.These pipelines are through many mineral goaf or following mining area.As 8 mining areas of transfer natural gas from the west to the east a spool line approach Shanxi, Shandong, Shaanxi, 4 provinces and regions, Ningxia, be subjected to the influence in the part goaf of 76 pit minings formation, the about 887.494km of total length, the goaf is in case form, to destroy face of land equilibrium condition, cause face of land large tracts of land sinking, depression, crack or bring out secondary disasters such as landslide, avalanche, directly influence pipe safety; Shan crow natural gas line is adopted the sky subsidence area through 12 places on the way, and the about 12.6km of influenced total length constitutes significant threat to pipe safety production, and is wherein serious with reed Cao Gou subsidence area; Capital, Shan gas transmission line is by way of the shanxi coal mining area, and the long product pipeline Henan Section of blue Zheng, the big crude oil pipeline of iron etc. are also adopted disasters such as sky subsides easily.
In the face of numerous sky disasters of subsiding of adopting, though the pipeline operator of China has been taked positive engineering protection measure, but also there is the drawback of some in these measures, it at first is the cost height, next is that protection works are not " putting things right once and for all " yet, the uncertain factor of design and construction is more, moreover cycle length and improvement that protection is administered are difficult for grasping opportunity.The monitoring then be a kind of efficiently, prophylactico-therapeutic measures cheaply.The international pipeline research institute of the U.S. (PRCI) will monitor pipeline and adopt the subside main mode of disaster of sky as control, and pipelines such as the transfering natural gas from the west to the east of China, capital, Shan line are gone into operation and then the goaf also effectively monitored.
Traditional goaf soil deformation adopts transit, spirit-leveling instrument, steel ruler, offset scale and methods such as total powerstation or GPS, the real-time of these methods is all relatively poor, all be that the face of land this existing phenomenon of having subsided is carried out result monitoring, be difficult to satisfy the requirement of goaf monitoring advanced prediction, long-term and real-time online.The monitoring of traditional pipeline strain is counted the master with electric resistance wire strain gauge, vibrating string type strain, and relatively poor aspect corrosion-resistant, anti-interference, stability also is difficult to meet the demands.The distributing optical fiber sensing technology of Xing Qiing (be representative with BOTDR) existing certain application aspect the body monitoring in recent years.
For adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes, the relative displacement of pipeline and the soil body is a very important factor.Intensification along with the mining degree, adopt the continuous sinking of the sky subsidence area soil body, because rigidity and the non-deformability of body and the soil body are different, body is no longer consistent with distortion and the sinking displacement of its below soil body, the pipeline below soil body will continue to sink, and finally separate with pipeline, and the conduit upper soil body be supported by body, be attached on the pipeline, thereby cause pipeline secretly outstanding.A large amount of studies show that, when pipeline was secretly outstanding, pipeline was subjected to the load maximum, and body is in very unsettled load-bearing state, and this state badly influences the safety of pipeline.Therefore monitor the relative displacement between pipeline and the soil body, understand the correspondence position relation of pipeline and the soil body in real time, for accurate judgement pipe safety state, have great significance.
Fiber grating is fiber optic passive device with the fastest developing speed in recent years.It is a kind of space periodicity index distribution of utilizing the light sensitive characteristic of fiber optic materials to set up at the fibre core of optical fiber, its role is to change or control light in this regional dissemination mode.Except have the anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) of ordinary optic fibre, size is little, in light weight, intensity is high, the characteristics such as high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, fiber grating also has its unique characteristic: be easy to little with optically-coupled, coupling loss, be easy to wavelength-division multiplex etc.Thereby make fiber grating in fields such as optical-fibre communications and Fibre Optical Sensors wide prospect be arranged.As a kind of emerging technology of photon research field, be that the sensing technology of pedestal sensor spare is subjected to common concern in recent years with the fiber grating, the various countries researcher actively develops relevant research work.At present, the physical quantity that the fiber-optic grating sensor of having reported can be monitored has: temperature, strain, pressure, displacement, pressure, torsional angle, moment of torsion (twisting stress), acceleration, electric current, voltage, magnetic field, frequency, concentration, thermal expansivity, vibration etc., wherein a part of fiber grating sensing system practical application.
Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) is simple, the most general a kind of fiber grating.It is that one section refractive index is periodically variable optical fiber, and its index modulation degree of depth and grating cycle generally all are constants.The variation of temperature, strain can cause cycle and the change of refractive of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, thereby the reflectance spectrum of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and transmission spectrum are changed.The variation of reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum by the detection fiber Bragg grating just can obtain the information of corresponding temperature and strain, and Here it is measures the ultimate principle of temperature and strain with Fiber Bragg Grating FBG.
By coupled mode theory as can be known, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG can be coupled to another guided mode that transmits in opposite direction with a guided mode that wherein transmits and form narrowband reflection, peak reflectance wavelength (bragg wavelength) λ uniformly
BFor:
λ
B＝2n
effΛ (1)
In the formula: λ
BBe bragg wavelength; n
EffEffective refractive index for the spread fiber pattern; Λ is grating pitch.
Can get the centre wavelength of grating and the relation of temperature and strain to formula (1) differential:
In the formula:
Thermal expansivity for optical fiber;
Thermo-optical coeffecient for fiber optic materials;
Elasto-optical coefficient for fiber optic materials.By formula (2) as can be known, strain is because the flexible and elasto-optical effect in Fiber Bragg Grating FBG cycle causes the variation of bragg wavelength, and temperature is because Fiber Bragg Grating FBG thermal expansion effects and thermo-optic effect cause the variation of bragg wavelength.
Fiber grating can be made into various senser elements, is used widely at sensory field.Compare with traditional electric transducer, fiber-optic grating sensor has own unique advantage: (1) sensing head is simple in structure, volume is little, in light weight, shape variable, be fit to imbed in the various large scale structures, can measure stress, strain and the structural damage etc. of inside configuration, stability, good reproducibility; (2) and have natural compatibility between the optical fiber, easily be connected with optical fiber, the light loss consumption is low, spectral characteristic good, reliability is high; (3) have non-conducting, little to measured medium influence, have characteristics anticorrosive, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) again, be adapted at working in the rugged surroundings; (4) light and handy soft, can in an optical fiber, write a plurality of gratings, constitute sensor array, combine with wavelength-division multiplex and time division multiplex system, realize distributed sensing; (5) metrical information is with Wavelength-encoding, thereby fiber-optic grating sensor is not subjected to the influence of factors such as light-intensity variation, optical fiber connection and coupling loss, the optical polarization variation of light source, the antijamming capability that tool is stronger; (6) high sensitivity, high degree of resolution.
Compare with widely used Brillouin light domain reflectometer BOTDR, the advantage of fiber-optic grating sensor has: (1) can accurately locate measurement point, the resolution height; (2) cost is low; (3) can process, encapsulate transducing part, make it be more suitable for on-the-spot rugged surroundings.
Because these advantages, in the Geotechnical Engineering field, fiber-optic grating sensor is easy to imbed in the ground body strain and the temperature to its inside and carries out high resolving power and large-range measuring, technical advantage is very obvious, especially be embodied in and obtain long-term, reliable ground body deformability data, yet there are no the report that fiber grating sensing technology is used for goaf pipeclay relative displacement monitoring.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to invent a kind of spatial resolution height, cost low, safely and effectively based on the construction method of adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring method and system and system of fiber grating real-time online.
The present invention proposes a kind ofly adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring and pre-alarming method and system and construction method thereof based on fiber grating sensing technology, be to adopting the subside monitoring of pipeline laying band pipeclay relative displacement of sky, fiber-optic grating sensor real time on-line monitoring and early warning are adopted in the pipeclay relative displacement.Can realize real-time automatic collecting, remote transmission and the analysis automatically of data.
Intensification along with the mining degree, because rigidity and the non-deformability of body and the soil body are different, along with adopting constantly staying of the sky subsidence area soil body, body is no longer consistent with distortion and the sinking displacement of its below soil body, the pipeline below soil body stays continuing, and finally separate with pipeline, and the conduit upper soil body is supported by body, be attached on the pipeline, thereby cause pipeline secretly outstanding.A large amount of studies show that, when pipeline was secretly outstanding, pipeline was subjected to the load maximum, and body is in very unsettled load-bearing state, and this state badly influences the safety of pipeline.Therefore monitor the relative displacement between pipeline and the soil body, can understand the correspondence position relation of pipeline and the soil body in real time, when pipeclay relative displacement value reaches threshold value and keeps constant, show that pipeline is unsettled, and in time report to the police.
Adopt sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring method flow process as shown in Figure 1 based on optical fiber light canopy sensing technology.The wavelength signals that sensor is gathered monitoring station is at the scene passed through to separate after the mediation pre-service, arrived strange land monitoring center by remote transmission, after monitoring center receives data, by special algorithm data are carried out further analyzing and processing, calculate the pipeclay relative displacement and change, thereby the in stable condition situation of body and soil body strain variation is judged; The alert if of pipeclay relative displacement is that monitor value surpasses preset value and keeps constant.When this parameter shows that then pipeline is in a safe condition during less than threshold value.When reaching threshold value and keep constant, pipeclay relative displacement value carries out pipe safety prewarning.
The formation of used monitoring system as shown in Figure 2, the mounting pipe soil phase is to displacement transducer a3 on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes a2 that adopts sky subsidence area 1, be connected with the optical cable a5 that causes the monitoring station by optical Fiber Closure a4 then, in the monitoring station, optical cable a 5 is connected with photoswitch 6, photoswitch 6 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 is connected with slave computer 8, and slave computer 8 pretreated data receive host computer 11 by GPRS communication module a9 transmission, GPRS communication module b10.
The data flow of monitoring system comprises three partial contents as shown in Figure 3: the remote transmission program of the data acquisition program of slave computer, data, the DAP of host computer.Slave computer data acquisition major function is to finish collection and the pre-service of data.The data of fiber-optic grating sensor are saved in slave computer by fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, and the slave computer data acquisition program need be classified to the data of preserving, and according to the optical fiber grating sensing characteristic wavelength variations value is converted into corresponding strain value.The remote transmission program major function of data is to realize the data communication of upper and lower computer.By the control to the GPRS communication module, the remote data transmission procedure is transferred to host computer with the preprocessed data of slave computer, and the data reception condition of host computer is fed back to slave computer, has realized automatic transmission.The major function of host computer DAP is to handle accepting data by mathematical method, simulates the change curve of data, and result and alarm threshold value are compared, and then judge the security situation of goaf pipeline.
Pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 passes to photoswitch 6 with the pipeclay relative displacement signal through optical cable a5, reach slave computer 8 by (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulation, slave computer 8 calls self-editing program, and control photoswitch 6 and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 are realized the collection of data and data are carried out pre-service; Pretreated data receive host computer 11 by GPRS communication module a9 transmission, GPRS communication module b10, and 11 pairs of data of host computer are carried out further analyzing and processing, judge the pipeclay relative displacement; The processing of data is mainly finished by software, and software flow as shown in Figure 3.The pre-service of slave computer data mainly is with the data based strain data that is converted into of the optical wavelength of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator collection, host computer is after receiving data, at first data are classified, to displacement and corresponding ess-strain, and finally judge the steady state (SS) in goaf and the safety case of pipeline according to the pipeclay relative displacement formula computer tube soil phase.
The fiber grating displacement sensor that pipeclay relative displacement monitoring method adopts be on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes b17 that adopts sky subsidence area 1 the mounting pipe soil phase to displacement transducer b16, by optical Fiber Closure b19 and optical cable the pipeclay relative displacement signal is caused monitoring station photoswitch 6 and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, reach slave computer 8 after fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulation, slave computer 8 pretreated data pass to host computer 11 and make further analysis and processing and give the demonstration (see figure 5) by GPRS communication module a9 transmission, GPRS communication module b10 reception.
Its monitoring principle is as follows:
Displacement transducer among Fig. 4 is imbedded in the soil with body, the power σ that this moment, displacement transducer load-bearing plate 15 tops were subjected to
1For coiling soil body gravity stress and transmitting the body deadweight and go up earthing body pressure G by dynamometer link 14, that is:
σ
1＝γ
sh+G (3)
In the formula, γ
sFor the soil body unit weight that subsides, h are the length of dynamometer link.
Dish is soil body bearing stress σ down
2For:
σ
2＝γ
sh+G-kγ
sh (4)
In the formula, k is that the soil body stays coefficient, 0≤k≤1.
The stress σ at this moment of fiber grating 13 places
3For:
σ
3＝σ
1-σ
2 (5)
Therefore, body relative displacement value Δ l is:
Δl＝σ
3h/E (6)
In the formula, E is the elastic modulus of dynamometer link material.
When the goaf soil body does not subside as yet, be in dynamic balance state σ
1=σ
2(being that the soil body stays coefficient k=0), σ at this moment
3=0.
When the goaf soil body began to subside, the support soil body depression gradually under the load-bearing plate 15 caused dish soil body bearing stress σ down
2Decay gradually from equilibrium state, until being 0 o'clock, body deadweight this moment and go up the earthing body pressure G disconnected soil body that do not subsided and balanced.So:
σ
3＝kγ
sh (7)
At this moment, the strain stress measured of fiber grating 13
PFor:
ε
P＝kγ
sh/E (8)
Therefore, by last analysis as can be known, as the ε that measures
P=γ
sH/E (being that the soil body stays coefficient k=1) and when keeping constant, the expression body is in vacant state.
The measurement mechanism of pipeclay relative displacement monitoring device as shown in Figure 6, when measuring strain stress
PWhen reaching threshold value and keeping constant, show that namely body has been in vacant state.
Adopt the overall formation of sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system as shown in Figure 2.The mounting pipe soil phase is to displacement transducer a3 on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes a2 that adopts sky subsidence area 1, be connected with the optical cable a5 that causes the monitoring station by optical Fiber Closure a4 then, in the monitoring station, optical cable a5 is connected with photoswitch 6, photoswitch 6 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 is connected with slave computer 8, and slave computer 8 pretreated data are by GPRS communication module a9 transmission, and GPRS communication module b10 passes to host computer 11 after receiving.
The concrete body of adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system constitutes as shown in Figure 7, and this system is divided into on-site data gathering transmission system and long-range receiving and analyzing system.
The on-site data gathering transmission system comprises fiber grating displacement sensor, photoswitch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, slave computer, GPRS communication module, fiber grating displacement sensor output connects the input of photoswitch, the output of photoswitch connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, the output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the input of slave computer, and the output of slave computer connects the GPRS communication module.
Long-range receiving and analyzing system comprises that GPRS communication module, host computer, the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve dynamically show; The output of GPRS communication module connects the input of host computer, and the output of host computer connects the dynamically input of demonstration of the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve respectively.
Pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 passes to photoswitch 6 with the pipeclay relative displacement signal through optical cable a5, reach slave computer 8 by fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulation, slave computer 8 calls self-editing program, and control photoswitch 6 and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 are realized the collection of data and data are carried out pre-service; Pretreated data receive by GPRS communication module a9 transmission, GPRS communication module b10 and pass to host computer 11, and 11 pairs of data of host computer are carried out further analyzing and processing, judge the pipeclay relative displacement, judge the situation of subsiding of the goaf soil body.
The electric principle of this system as shown in Figure 8, the PC joint of fiber grating displacement sensor a3 is connected with the PC joint of photoswitch 6 with optical cable a5, the R232 of photoswitch 6 connects the R232 interface of slave computer 8, the PC joint of photoswitch 6 connects the PC interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125, the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125 connects the LAN port of slave computer 8, the output of slave computer 8 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display, the R232 port of slave computer 8 connects the R232 port of GPRS transport module a9 Siemens MC 35i, GPRS transport module a9 is through antenna GSM, GPRS network, received the R232 of host computer 11 after the GPRS receiver module b12 antenna GSM reception by R232, the output of host computer 11 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display.
The output signal of pipeclay relative displacement fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 through photoswitch 6, the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer 8, and the cycle of photoswitch 6 Continuity signals is by slave computer 8 controls.8 pairs of data of slave computer are carried out pre-service, and the data after will handling are defeated by GPRS transport module a9, GPRS transport module a9 is transferred to the host computer 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that slave computer 8 calculates by public's cordless communication network, host computer carries out analyzing and processing by self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
The measurement mechanism of pipeclay relative displacement monitoring device can pass through strain stress as shown in Figure 6
PUnderstand the situation of pipeclay relative displacement; When measuring strain stress
PWhen reaching threshold value and keeping constant, show that body has been in vacant state;
The output signal of pipeclay relative displacement fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 through the photoswitch conducting, the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer 8, and the cycle of photoswitch 6 Continuity signals is by slave computer 8 controls.8 pairs of data of slave computer are carried out pre-service, and the data after will handling are defeated by GPRS transport module a9, GPRS transport module a9 is transferred to the host computer 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that slave computer 8 calculates by public's cordless communication network, host computer carries out analyzing and processing by self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
The field monitoring station is arranged on adopts near the valve chamber in sky subsidence area, comprises following a few part:
(1) optical Fiber Closure of monitoring station and each sensor be connected optical cable, be used for will adopting the sensor signal concentration of transmissions of each position on the sky subsidence area to the monitoring station;
(2) photoswitch 6, and sky subsides and the sensor of pipeline is a lot of because monitoring is adopted, and signalling channel is numerous, can't once be connected on the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, with photoswitch 6 each channel signal changed successively to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 and analyzed;
(3) fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, are used for demodulating the centre wavelength displacement of each sensor;
(4) computing machine and program are used for the frequency of control (FBG) demodulator demodulation, and the centre wavelength displacement that (FBG) demodulator demodulates is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically, and these monitoring variables are sent to the GPRS communication module, and the signal that receives the GPRS communication module is controlled;
(5) GPRS communication module is used for each monitoring variable that computing machine calculates is transferred to the server that is positioned at office by cordless communication network, also can accept the signal of server, sends to computing machine.
The principle of work of this system is: when adopting sky subsidence area 1 distortion, along with adopting constantly carrying out that sky subsides, the displacement between pipeline and its below soil body also changes, and measures by fiber grating displacement sensor a3.By connecting optical cable a5, to adopt the sensor signal concentration of transmissions of each position, sky subsidence area to photoswitch 6, photoswitch 6 changes each channel signal successively to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each sensor wavelength centre wavelength displacement and sensing is given slave computer 8, slave computer 8 is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically with the centre wavelength displacement that (FBG) demodulator demodulates, and monitoring variable sent to on-the-spot GPRS communication module a9, GPRS communication module a9 transmits signal by cordless communication network, transmit host computer 11 with GPRS communication module b10, host computer 11 provides warning with each monitoring variable and alarm threshold value contrast in the time of necessary.
Adopt the construction method of sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system
The mounting pipe soil phase is to displacement transducer a3 on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes a2 that adopts sky subsidence area 1, be connected with optical cable a5 by optical Fiber Closure a4 then, optical cable a5 is connected to the monitoring station, in the monitoring station, optical cable a5 is connected with photoswitch 6, and photoswitch 6 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 is connected with slave computer 8, slave computer 8 outputs meet GPRS communication module a9, and GPRS communication module b10 output connects host computer 11.
Wherein pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 be installed in oil and gas pipes a2 under, the selection of monitoring sectional position and quantity is decided according to the actual conditions of adopting sky subsidence area 1.Sensor welding series connection on each cross section is connected with optical cable a5 by optical Fiber Closure a4 then.
The construction method of pipeclay relative displacement biography monitoring device as shown in Figure 5; Pipeclay relative displacement transducer b16 be installed in oil and gas pipes b17 under, the selection of monitoring sectional position and quantity is decided according to the actual conditions of adopting sky subsidence area 1; In pipeline b17 bottom fiber grating displacement sensor b16 is installed, fiber grating displacement sensor b16 is connected by fastener with pipeline b17, fiber grating displacement sensor b16 can connect with strain transducer, also can cause optical Fiber Closure b19 by optical patchcord 18 separately, be connected with optical cable by optical Fiber Closure b19; Wherein the structure of fiber grating displacement sensor a3 as shown in Figure 4, the fiber grating displacement sensor a3 that imbeds in the soil with body is made up of mounting blocks 12, fiber grating 13, dynamometer link 14, load-bearing plate 15; Mounting blocks 12 connects into " worker " font by dynamometer link 14 and load-bearing plate 15, and fiber grating 13 is fixed on the dynamometer link 14; Load-bearing plate 15 is used for bearing staying soil body gravity, and fiber grating 13 is measured the strain that dynamometer link 14 takes place, and is converted into displacement by corresponding relation; Mounting blocks 12 is convenient to being installed on the pipeline of sensor-robust; Wherein dynamometer link 14 is threaded with mounting blocks 12 with load-bearing plate 15, dynamometer link 14, and mounting blocks 12 is connected by fastener with pipeline.
The advantage of this method and system:
(1) subside feature and body and the interactional feature of the soil body that subsides that pipeline laying band (piping lane band) is adopted the complicated soil body in sky subsidence area have been disclosed; Adopt the sky subsidence area influence safe early warning of oil and gas pipes down with pipeclay relative displacement monitoring index;
(2) fiber grating sensing technology is applied to adopt sky subsidence area monitoring, this technology is anti-interference, corrosion-resistant, it is with the obvious advantage to be easy to networking etc.; This technology is easy to realize the remote auto real time on-line monitoring, and cost is lower;
(3) pipeclay relative displacement monitoring, adopt the feature of sky subsidence area according to the pipeline place, under each body monitoring cross section, 1 fiber grating displacement sensor is installed, the relative displacement situation that is used for monitoring body and the soil body that underlies thereof, judge whether unsettled and unsettled position of pipeclay relative displacement and body by the variation of monitor value, avoided distinguishing by the excavation pipe trench whether body is unsettled, carry out the selection on protection works opportunitys effective foundation is provided for adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes, reduce the blindness of protection works and saved pipeline operating cost, also guaranteed simultaneously the security of operation of pipeline, the construction danger when having reduced the excavation checking;
(4) this method and system have automatically, continuously, characteristics timely, can accurately and timely grasp the steady state (SS) of adopting the sky subsidence area soil body, body safe condition and outstanding state whether secretly, can provide strong foundation to the science decision on the improvement reinforcing of adopting the sky subsidence area and pipe safety protection opportunity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring method process flow diagram
Fig. 2 adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system pie graph
Fig. 3 software flow pattern
Fig. 4 displacement transducer pie graph
Fig. 5 pipeclay relative displacement monitoring device figure
The measurement mechanism figure of Fig. 6 pipeclay relative displacement monitoring device
Fig. 7 adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes Fundamentals of Supervisory Systems figure
Fig. 8 adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system electrical schematic diagram
Wherein 1-adopts the sky 2-pipeline a that subsides
3-pipeclay relative displacement transducer a 4-optical Fiber Closure a
5-optical cable a 6-photoswitch
7-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 8-slave computer
9-GPRS communication module a 10-GPRS communication module b
11-host computer 12-mounting blocks
13-fiber grating 14-dynamometer link
15-load-bearing plate 16-pipeclay relative displacement transducer b
17-pipeline b 18-optical patchcord
19-optical Fiber Closure b
Embodiment
Embodiment. this example is an experimental technique and system, and it constitutes as Fig. 1-shown in Figure 8.One adopt adopt deeply that thickness rate is 10, the sky subsidence area of adopting that exploitation length 15m, buried depth of pipeline 3m, duct length are 130m tests, pipe diameter is that 168mm, wall thickness are 6mm, grade of steel L245.
Adopt sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring method flow process as shown in Figure 1 based on fiber grating sensing technology.The wavelength signals that sensor is gathered monitoring station is at the scene passed through to separate after the mediation pre-service, arrived strange land monitoring center by remote transmission, after monitoring center receives data, by special algorithm data are carried out further analyzing and processing, calculate the pipeclay relative displacement and change, thereby the in stable condition situation of body and soil body strain variation is judged; The alert if of pipeclay relative displacement is that monitor value surpasses preset value and keeps constant.When this parameter shows that then pipeline is in a safe condition during less than threshold value.When reaching threshold value and keep constant, pipeclay relative displacement value carries out pipe safety prewarning.
The data flow of monitoring system comprises three partial contents as shown in Figure 3: the remote transmission program of the data acquisition program of slave computer, data, the DAP of host computer.Slave computer data acquisition major function is to finish collection and the pre-service of data.The data of fiber-optic grating sensor are saved in slave computer by fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, and the slave computer data acquisition program need be classified to the data of preserving, and according to the optical fiber grating sensing characteristic wavelength variations value is converted into corresponding strain value.The remote transmission program major function of data is to realize the data communication of upper and lower computer.By the control to the GPRS communication module, the remote data transmission procedure is transferred to host computer with the preprocessed data of slave computer, and the data reception condition of host computer is fed back to slave computer, has realized automatic transmission.The major function of host computer DAP is to handle receiving data by mathematical method, simulates the change curve of data, and result and alarm threshold value are compared, and then judge the security situation of goaf pipeline.
Pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 passes to photoswitch 6 with the pipeclay relative displacement signal through optical cable a5, photoswitch 6 reaches slave computer 8 by fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulation, slave computer 8 calls self-editing program, control photoswitch 6 and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 are realized the collection of data and data are carried out pre-service; Pretreated data receive host computer 11 by GPRS communication module a9 transmission, GPRS communication module b10, and 11 pairs of data of host computer are carried out further analyzing and processing, judge the pipeclay relative displacement; The processing of data is mainly finished by software, and software flow as shown in Figure 3.The pre-service of slave computer data mainly is with the data based strain data that is converted into of the optical wavelength of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator collection, host computer is after receiving data, at first data are classified, to displacement and corresponding ess-strain, and finally judge the steady state (SS) in goaf and the safety case of pipeline according to the pipeclay relative displacement formula computer tube soil phase.
Adopt the overall formation of sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system as shown in Figure 2.The mounting pipe soil phase is to displacement transducer a3 on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes a2 that adopts sky subsidence area 1, be connected with the optical cable a5 that causes the monitoring station by optical Fiber Closure a4 then, in the monitoring station, optical cable a5 is connected with photoswitch 6, photoswitch 6 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 is connected with slave computer 8, and slave computer 8 pretreated data are by GPRS communication module a9 transmission, and GPRS communication module b10 passes to host computer 11 after receiving.
The concrete body of adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system constitutes as shown in Figure 7, and this system is divided into on-site data gathering transmission system and long-range receiving and analyzing system.
The on-site data gathering transmission system comprises fiber grating displacement sensor, photoswitch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, slave computer, GPRS communication module, fiber grating displacement sensor output connects the input of photoswitch, the output of photoswitch connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, the output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the input of slave computer, and the output of slave computer connects the GPRS communication module.
Long-range receiving and analyzing system comprises that GPRS communication module, host computer, the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve dynamically show; The output of GPRS communication module connects the input of host computer, and the output of host computer connects the dynamically input of demonstration of the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve respectively.
Pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 passes to photoswitch 6 with the pipeclay relative displacement signal through optical cable a5, photoswitch 6 reaches slave computer 8 by fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulation, slave computer 8 calls self-editing program, control photoswitch 6 and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 are realized the collection of data and data are carried out pre-service; Pretreated data receive by GPRS communication module a9 transmission, GPRS communication module b10 and pass to host computer 11, and 11 pairs of data of host computer are carried out further analyzing and processing, judge the pipeclay relative displacement, and then judge the situation of subsiding of the goaf soil body.
The electric principle of this system as shown in Figure 8, the PC joint of fiber grating displacement sensor a3 is connected with the PC joint of photoswitch 6 with optical cable a5, the R232 of photoswitch 6 connects the R232 interface of slave computer 8, the PC joint of photoswitch 6 connects the PC interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125, the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125 connects the LAN port of slave computer 8, the output of slave computer 8 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display, the R232 port of slave computer 8 connects the R232 port of GPRS transport module a9 Siemens MC 35i, GPRS transport module a9 is through antenna GSM, GPRS network, received the R232 of host computer 11 after the GPRS receiver module b12 antenna GSM reception by R232, the output of host computer 11 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display.
The output signal of pipeclay relative displacement fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 through photoswitch 6, the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer 8, and the cycle of photoswitch 6 Continuity signals is by slave computer 8 controls.8 pairs of data of slave computer are carried out pre-service, and the data after will handling are defeated by GPRS transport module a9, GPRS transport module a9 is transferred to the host computer 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that slave computer 8 calculates by public's cordless communication network, host computer carries out analyzing and processing by self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
The measurement mechanism of pipeclay relative displacement monitoring device can pass through strain stress as shown in Figure 6
PUnderstand the situation of pipeclay relative displacement; When measuring strain stress
PWhen reaching threshold value and keeping constant, and show that body has been in vacant state;
The output signal of pipeclay relative displacement fiber-optic grating sensor through photoswitch one by one conducting transfer to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer 8, and the cycle of photoswitch 6 Continuity signals is by slave computer 8 controls.8 pairs of data of slave computer are carried out pre-service, and the data after will handling are defeated by GPRS transport module a9, GPRS transport module a9 is transferred to the host computer 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that slave computer 8 calculates by public's cordless communication network, host computer carries out analyzing and processing by self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
Adopt the construction method of sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system
The mounting pipe soil phase is to displacement transducer a3 on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes a2 that adopts sky subsidence area 1, be connected with optical cable a5 by optical Fiber Closure a4 then, optical cable a5 is connected to the monitoring station, in the monitoring station, optical cable a5 is connected with photoswitch 6, and photoswitch 6 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 is connected with slave computer 8, slave computer 8 outputs meet GPRS communication module a9, and GPRS communication module b10 output connects host computer 11.
Wherein pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 be installed in oil and gas pipes a2 under, the selection of monitoring sectional position and quantity is decided according to the actual conditions of adopting sky subsidence area 1.Sensor welding series connection on each cross section is connected with optical cable a5 by optical Fiber Closure a4 then.
The construction method of pipeclay relative displacement monitoring device as shown in Figure 5; Pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 be installed in oil and gas pipes a2 under, the selection of monitoring sectional position and quantity is decided according to the actual conditions of adopting sky subsidence area 1; In pipeline c17 bottom fiber grating displacement sensor b16 is installed, fiber grating displacement sensor b16 is connected by fastener with pipeline c17, fiber grating displacement sensor b16 can connect with strain transducer, also can cause optical Fiber Closure b19 by optical patchcord 18 separately, be connected with optical cable by optical Fiber Closure b19; Wherein the structure of fiber grating displacement sensor a3 as shown in Figure 4, the fiber grating displacement sensor a3 that imbeds in the soil with body is made up of mounting blocks 12, fiber grating 13, dynamometer link 14, load-bearing plate 15; Mounting blocks 12 connects into " worker " font by dynamometer link 14 and load-bearing plate 15, and fiber grating 13 is fixed on the dynamometer link 14; Load-bearing plate 15 is used for bearing staying soil body gravity, and fiber grating 13 is measured the strain that dynamometer link 14 takes place, and is converted into displacement by corresponding relation; Mounting blocks 12 is convenient to being installed on the pipeline of sensor-robust; Wherein dynamometer link 14 is threaded with mounting blocks 12 with load-bearing plate 15, dynamometer link 14, and mounting blocks 12 is connected by fastener with pipeline.
The field monitoring station is arranged on adopts near the valve chamber in sky subsidence area, comprises following a few part:
(1) optical Fiber Closure of monitoring station and each sensor be connected optical cable, be used for will adopting the sensor signal concentration of transmissions of each position on the sky subsidence area to the monitoring station;
(2) photoswitch 6, and sky subsides and the sensor of pipeline is a lot of because monitoring is adopted, and signalling channel is numerous, can't once be connected on the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, with photoswitch 6 each channel signal changed successively to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 and analyzed;
(3) fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, are used for demodulating the centre wavelength displacement of each sensor;
(4) computing machine and program are used for the frequency of control (FBG) demodulator demodulation, and the centre wavelength displacement that (FBG) demodulator demodulates is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically, and these monitoring variables are sent to the GPRS communication module, and the signal that receives the GPRS communication module is controlled;
(5) GPRS communication module is used for each monitoring variable that computing machine calculates is transferred to the server that is positioned at office by cordless communication network, also can accept the signal of server, sends to computing machine.
Wherein:
Fiber grating displacement sensor: select the fiber-optic grating sensor of design encapsulation voluntarily for use;
Photoswitch 6: select for use light to swell scientific and technological SUM-FSW;
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7: select SM125 for use;
GPRS transport module a9: Siemens MC 35i;
GPRS receiver module b10: select Siemens MC 35i for use.
The system that makes up with said method is when monitoring, and the relative displacement of adopting between sky subsidence area 1 and the oil and gas pipes a2 is monitored by pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3;
The signal that collects is done pre-service by slave computer 8 after photoswitch 6, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulation;
11 pairs of signals of host computer make further analysis and processing;
Adopting sky subsidence area pipeclay relative displacement change dynamics by host computer 11 outputs shows; And whether judgment data exceeds threshold value;
When pipeclay relative displacement value shows that then pipeline is in a safe condition during less than threshold value;
When reaching threshold value and keep constant, pipeclay relative displacement value carries out pipe safety prewarning.
If adopting the soil body of sky subsidence area 1 stays, the pipeline a2 that is embedded in soil body below is subjected to the effect of top soil body load and the strain that bends, because the pipeline a2 below soil body constantly subsides, be embedded in the pipeclay relative displacement transducer a 3 that adopts sky subsidence area 1 and in bearing the process of soil pressure, produce tensile strain, fiber grating 13 on the pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 is experienced stretching strain, can draw pipeclay relative displacement and strain by calculating, namely to judge whether unsettled and unsettled position of pipeline a2.
Through monitoring for a long time, this example is easy to make up monitoring system, is easy to realize adopting real-time automatic collecting analysis and the long-range issue of sky subsidence area 1 and pipeline a2 Monitoring Data, and remote live is reported to the police automatically.Avoided loaded down with trivial details artificial image data, improved the precision of early warning, reduced time of fire alarming, can also accurately locate place of alarm simultaneously, this to the pipeline emergency measure take most important.
Claims (1)
1. construction method of adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system, be included on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes a (2) that adopts sky subsidence area (1) the mounting pipe soil phase to displacement transducer a (3), be connected with optical cable a (5) by optical Fiber Closure a (4) then, optical cable a (5) is connected to the monitoring station, in the monitoring station, optical cable a (5) is connected with photoswitch (6), photoswitch (6) is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7), fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) is connected with slave computer (8), slave computer (8) output meets GPRS communication module a (9), and GPRS communication module b (10) output connects host computer (11);
It is characterized in that pipeclay relative displacement transducer a (3) be installed in oil and gas pipes a (2) under; In pipeline b (17) bottom fiber grating displacement sensor a (3) is installed, fiber grating displacement sensor a (3) is connected by fastener with pipeline b (17), fiber grating displacement sensor a (3) causes optical Fiber Closure b (19) by optical patchcord (18), is connected with optical cable by optical Fiber Closure b (19); Wherein the fiber grating displacement sensor a (3) that imbeds in the soil with body is made up of mounting blocks (12), fiber grating (13), dynamometer link (14), load-bearing plate (15); Mounting blocks (12) connects into " worker " font by dynamometer link (14) and load-bearing plate (15), and fiber grating (13) is fixed on the dynamometer link (14); Mounting blocks (12) is installed on the pipeline; Wherein dynamometer link (14) is threaded with mounting blocks (12) with load-bearing plate (15), dynamometer link (14), and mounting blocks (12) is connected by fastener with pipeline.
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| CN102345795B (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2014-01-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and system for monitoring pipe-soil relative displacement of oil-gas pipeline in mining subsidence area |
| CN103453844A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2013-12-18 | 天津亿利科能源科技发展股份有限公司 | Flexible pipeline deformation online monitoring method based on fiber bragg grating |
| CN108007333A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-05-08 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of strata displacement monitoring device and monitoring method |
| CN115371737A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-11-22 | 国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司 | Method, device and controller for monitoring pipe-soil coupling effect |
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Effective date of registration: 20211110 Address after: Room 08-10, 6 / F, block a, No. 5, Dongtucheng Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100013 Patentee after: National Petroleum and natural gas pipeline network Group Co., Ltd Address before: 100007 China Petroleum Building, No. 9, Dongzhimen North Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing Patentee before: China National Petroleum Corporation |