CN102346017A - System for monitoring horizontal deformation of soil body at worked-out subsidence area - Google Patents
System for monitoring horizontal deformation of soil body at worked-out subsidence area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system for monitoring the horizontal deformation of a soil body at a worked-out subsidence area; a fiber bragg grating sensor network a (3) is arranged just above an oil and gas pipeline a (2) of the worked-out subsidence area (1), and then the oil and gas pipeline a (2) is connected with an optical cable a (5) which is led to a monitoring station by an optical fiber junction box a (4); in the monitoring station, the optical cable a (5) is connected with an optical switch (6) which is connected with a fiber bragg grating demodulator (7); the fiber bragg grating demodulator (7) is connected with a lower computer (8); the data pre-processed by the lower computer (8) is transmitted by a general packet radio service (GPRS) communication module a (9); and after being received by a GPRS communication module b (10), the data is transmitted into an upper computer (11). The system for monitoring the horizontal deformation of the soil body at the worked-out subsidence area is high in spatial resolution, low in cost, safe and effective.
Description
Technical field
The present invention be a kind of based on fiber grating sensing technology adopt sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion monitoring system, relate to measurement and the piping system technical field of measuring stress, the measurement of temperature, similar linear dimension.
Background technology
The underground ore bed space that is formed by the exploitation back is called the goaf.Underground ore bed its rock stratum, top loses support by after the exploitation, and equilibrium condition is destroyed, and produces crooked, slump thereupon, so that develops into the surface subsidence distortion, causes surface subsidence, forms lowland.Along with the continuous expansion in goaf, lowland constantly develops and forms and adopt the sky subsidence area, so on the ground or underground buildings or structures produce harm.Adopting the sky disaster of subsiding is to cause one of the principal mode of the geologic hazard of human life's property loss.Length is passed through from east to west, is indulged and wear north and south apart from oil transportation or gas pipe line, and fed distance can reach thousands of kilometers, often will pass inevitably and adopt the sky subsidence area.Owing to the reasons such as further exploitation of the insufficient or underground ore body of route selection, might in movable collapse basin, pass through at the pipeline of adopting the sky subsidence area, thereby make the safe operation of pipeline suffer serious threat.
Build up global article one crude oil pipeline as far back as the U.S. in 1865 and rise, the world has promptly entered into the epoch of pipeline operation, and pipeline then constantly occurs through the goaf problem.Stipulated " the NCB method " of prediction pipeline in " engineering manual subsides " of coal council of Britain country in 1975 promulgation through the coal mine gob surface subsidence.1986; International pipeline research institute entrusts Battelle research institute to study with the method for preventing and treating passing through the stressed proterties of the pipeline of adopting the sky subsidence area, formed " the pipeline monitoring and the control in mining damage district " report (NG-18, No.155); This project system has been summed up and has been adopted the characteristic that sky subsides; Analyzed the harm of goaf, developed corresponding Stress calculation software, proposed subsidence area pipeline monitoring method pipeline.
Though China's pipeline cause is started late; But the pipeline industry of China be in flourish among; Mostly that China is the western abundant petroleum gas of these pipelines is transported to the east of China, is stepping up to build and the energy conveyance conduit planned has many thousands of kilometers pipelines such as transfering natural gas from the west to the east two wires, middle remote pipeline, blue Zheng's long pipeline.These pipelines are through many mineral goaf or following mining area.As 8 mining areas of transfer natural gas from the west to the east a spool line approach Shanxi, Shandong, Shaanxi, 4 provinces and regions, Ningxia; Receive the influence in the part goaf of 76 pit minings formation; The about 887.494km of total length, the goaf will be in case formation will destroy face of land equilibrium condition; Cause face of land large tracts of land sinking, depression, crack or bring out secondary disasters such as landslide, avalanche, directly influence pipe safety; Shan crow natural gas line is adopted the sky subsidence area through 12 places on the way, and the about 12.6km of influenced total length constitutes significant threat to pipe safety production, and is wherein serious with reed Cao Gou subsidence area; Capital, Shan gas transmission line is by way of the shanxi coal mining area, and the long product pipeline Henan Section of blue Zheng, the big crude oil pipeline of iron Anshan-Liaoyang section etc. are also adopted disasters such as sky subsides easily.
In the face of numerous sky disasters of subsiding of adopting; Though the pipeline operator of China has been taked positive engineering protection measure; But also there is the drawback of some in these measures, at first are that cost is high, secondly are that protection works are not " putting things right once and for all " yet; The uncertain factor of design and construction is more, moreover cycle length and improvement that protection is administered are difficult for grasping opportunity.Monitoring then be a kind of efficiently, safeguard procedures cheaply.The international pipeline research institute of the U.S. (PRCI) will monitor pipeline and adopt the subside main mode of disaster of sky as control, and pipelines such as the transfering natural gas from the west to the east of China, capital, Shan line are gone into operation and then the goaf also effectively monitored.
Traditional goaf soil deformation adopts transit, spirit-leveling instrument, steel ruler, offset scale and methods such as total powerstation or GPS; The real-time of these methods is all relatively poor; All be that the face of land this existing phenomenon of having subsided is carried out result monitoring, be difficult to satisfy the requirement of goaf monitoring advanced prediction, long-term and real-time online.The monitoring of traditional pipeline strain is counted the master with electric resistance wire strain gauge, vibrating string type strain, and relatively poor aspect corrosion-resistant, anti-interference, stability also is difficult to meet the demands.The distributing optical fiber sensing technology (is representative with BOTDR) of rise in recent years is existing certain application aspect the body monitoring.
These present monitoring modes all are confined to carry out independent monitoring to adopting this existing result of sky subsidence area soil body surface deformable, also do not carry out adopting the leading monitoring of sky subsidence area soil deformation information.Leading monitoring can not only be judged active situation, the growth rule of development, the failure mechanism of adopting the sky effect of subsiding in advance; Can also find out that adopting sky subsides to the influence mode and the degree of buried pipeline; The more important thing is the stress change in displacement rule that to grasp steel pipe; Judge the safe condition of pipeline, confirm to provide foundation for control opportunity.Comprehensive above information just can be carried out safe early warning to adopting sky subsidence area pipeline, forecasts the steady state (SS) in goaf and the precarious position of pipeline in advance, for the mitigation design for scheme implements to provide foundation.The trend of adopting the pipeline monitoring of sky subsidence area has been represented in leading monitoring.
Fiber grating is a fiber optic passive device with the fastest developing speed in recent years.It is a kind of space periodicity index distribution of utilizing the light sensitive characteristic of fiber optic materials on the fibre core of optical fiber, to set up, its role is to change or control light in this regional dissemination mode.Except that have the anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) of ordinary optic fibre, size is little, in light weight, intensity is high, the characteristics such as high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, fiber grating also has its unique characteristic: be easy to little with optically-coupled, coupling loss, be easy to wavelength-division multiplex etc.Thereby make fiber grating wide prospect arranged in fields such as optical-fibre communications and Fibre Optical Sensors.As a kind of emerging technology of photon research field, be that the sensing technology of pedestal sensor spare receives common concern in recent years with the fiber grating, the various countries researcher actively develops relevant research work.At present; The physical quantity that the fiber-optic grating sensor of having reported can be monitored has: temperature, strain, pressure, displacement, pressure, torsional angle, moment of torsion (twisting stress), acceleration, electric current, voltage, magnetic field, frequency, concentration, thermal expansivity, vibration etc., the practical application of wherein a part of fiber grating sensing system.
Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) be the most simply, the most general a kind of fiber grating.It is that one section refractive index is periodically variable optical fiber, and its index modulation degree of depth and grating cycle generally all are constants.The variation of temperature, strain can cause the cycle and the change of refractive of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, thereby the reflectance spectrum of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and transmission spectrum are changed.The variation of reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum through the detection fiber Bragg grating just can obtain the information of corresponding temperature and strain, and Here it is measures the ultimate principle of temperature and strain with Fiber Bragg Grating FBG.
Can know that by coupled mode theory Fiber Bragg Grating FBG can be coupled to a guided mode that wherein transmits another guided mode that transmits in opposite direction and form narrowband reflection, peak reflectance wavelength (bragg wavelength) λ uniformly
BFor:
λ
B＝2n
effΛ(1)
In the formula: λ
BBe bragg wavelength; n
EffEffective refractive index for the spread fiber pattern; Λ is a grating pitch.
Can get the centre wavelength of grating and the relation of temperature and strain to formula (1) differential:
In the formula:
is the thermal expansivity of optical fiber;
is the thermo-optical coeffecient of fiber optic materials;
is the elasto-optical coefficient of fiber optic materials.Can know that by formula (2) strain is because the flexible and elasto-optical effect in Fiber Bragg Grating FBG cycle causes the variation of bragg wavelength, and temperature is because Fiber Bragg Grating FBG thermal expansion effects and thermo-optic effect cause the variation of bragg wavelength.
Fiber grating can be made into various senser elements, is used widely at sensory field.Compare with traditional electric transducer; Fiber-optic grating sensor has own unique advantage: (1) sensing head is simple in structure, volume is little, in light weight, shape variable; Be fit to imbed in the various large scale structures, but inner stress, strain and the structural damage etc. of measurement structure, stability, good reproducibility; (2) and have natural compatibility between the optical fiber, be prone to be connected with optical fiber, optical loss is low, spectral characteristic good, reliability is high; (3) have non-conducting, little to measured medium influence, have characteristics anticorrosive, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) again, be adapted at working in the rugged surroundings; (4) light and handy soft, can in an optical fiber, write a plurality of gratings, constitute sensor array, combine with wavelength-division multiplex and time division multiplex system, realize distributed sensing; (5) metrical information is with Wavelength-encoding, thereby fiber-optic grating sensor does not receive the influence of factors such as light-intensity variation, optical fiber connection and coupling loss, the optical polarization variation of light source, the antijamming capability that tool is stronger; (6) high sensitivity, high degree of resolution.
Compare with widely used Brillouin light domain reflectometer BOTDR, the advantage of fiber-optic grating sensor has: (1) can accurately locate measurement point, and resolution is high; (2) cost is low; (3) can process, encapsulate transducing part, make it be more suitable for on-the-spot rugged surroundings.
Because these advantages; In the Geotechnical Engineering field; Fiber-optic grating sensor is easy to imbed in the rock soil mass strain and the temperature to its inside and carries out high resolving power and large-range measuring; Technical advantage is very obvious, especially is embodied in to obtain long-term, reliable rock soil mass deformation data, does not also see the report that fiber grating sensing technology is used for the monitoring of goaf pipeline laying band soil body horizontal distortion at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to invent that a kind of spatial resolution is high, cost is low, adopt sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion monitoring system based on the fiber grating real-time online safely and effectively.
The present invention proposes and a kind ofly adopt sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion monitoring method and system based on fiber grating sensing technology.System adopts optical fiber grating sensing net real time on-line monitoring, monitors in advance adopting the pipeline that sky subsidence area buried pipeline lays under band top soil body horizontal distortion and the influence thereof.
It is as shown in Figure 1 to adopt the overall formation of sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion monitoring system, and it is made up of optical fiber grating sensing net a3, optical Fiber Closure a4, optical cable a5, photoswitch 6, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, slave computer 8, GPRS communication module a9, GPRS communication module a10, host computer 11; Adopt sky subsidence area 1 bury ground oil and gas pipes a2 directly over optical fiber grating sensing net a3 is installed; Be connected with the optical cable a5 that causes the monitoring station through optical Fiber Closure a4 then; In the monitoring station, optical cable a5 is connected with photoswitch 6, and photoswitch 6 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7; Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 is connected with slave computer 8, and slave computer 8 pretreated data receive host computer 11 through GPRS communication module a9 transmission, GPRS communication module a10.
The concrete formation of adopting sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion monitoring system is as shown in Figure 4, and this system is divided into on-site data gathering transmission system and long-range receiving and analyzing system.
The on-site data gathering transmission system comprises optical fiber grating sensing net, photoswitch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, slave computer, GPRS communication module; The output of optical fiber grating sensing net connects the input of photoswitch; The output of photoswitch connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator; The output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the input of slave computer, and the output of slave computer connects the GPRS communication module.
Long-range receiving and analyzing system comprises that GPRS communication module, host computer, the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve dynamically show; The output of GPRS communication module connects the input of host computer, and the output of host computer connects the dynamically input of demonstration of the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve respectively.
Optical fiber grating sensing net a3 monitors soil body horizontal distortion in real time; Soil body horizontal distortion signal is passed to photoswitch 6 through optical cable a5; Photoswitch 6 is after fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulation reach slave computer 8; Slave computer 8 calls self-editing program, and control photoswitch 6 and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 are realized the collection of data and data are carried out pre-service; Pretreated data receive through GPRS communication module a9 transmission, GPRS communication module b10 and pass to host computer 11, and 11 pairs of data of host computer are carried out further analyzing and processing, judge the state of adopting sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion.
The electric principle of this system is as shown in Figure 5; The PC joint of optical fiber grating sensing net a3 is connected with the PC joint of photoswitch 6 with optical cable a5; The R232 of photoswitch 6 connects the R232 interface of slave computer 8; The PC joint of photoswitch 6 connects the PC interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125, and the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125 connects the LAN port of slave computer 8, and the output of slave computer 8 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display; The R232 port of slave computer 8 connects the R232 port of GPRS communication module a9 Siemens MC 35i; GPRS communication module a9 is received the R232 that is afterwards received host computer 11 by R232 through antenna GSM, GPRS network by GPRS communication module b10 antenna GSM, and the output of host computer 11 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display.
The output signal of subsidence area horizontal distortion through photoswitch 6 one by one conducting transfer to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7; The centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer 8, and the cycle of photoswitch 6 Continuity signals is by slave computer 8 controls.8 pairs of data of slave computer are carried out pre-service; And the data transmission after will handling is given GPRS communication module a9; GPRS communication module a9 is transferred to the host computer 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that slave computer 8 calculates through public's cordless communication network; Host computer carries out analyzing and processing through self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
Wherein:
The formation of optical fiber grating sensing net b15 is as shown in Figure 3; When body has laid to the pipe trench design attitude, and earthing is backfilled to Guan Dinghou, is that optical fiber grating sensing net b15 is laid on the surface that the center flattens in each 5m scope of both sides (piping lane band) with pipeline b14 axis, and length is decided according to the scope of adopting the sky subsidence area;
Wherein the structure of optical fiber grating sensing net b15 is as shown in Figure 2, is made up of non-woven geotextile 12, fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor 13.Fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor 13 is woven into " # " font and is fixed in the middle of the up and down two-layer non-woven geotextile 12; Each fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor is separately 1 the tunnel, and the fiber grating number needs on every road is decided according to adopting the actual conditions that sky subsides, and is connected with optical cable b17 through optical Fiber Closure b16, and finally causes the monitoring station.
The output signal of subsidence area horizontal distortion transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 through photoswitch, and the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer 8, and the cycle of photoswitch 6 Continuity signals is by slave computer 8 controls.8 pairs of data of slave computer are carried out pre-service; And the data transmission after will handling is given GPRS communication module a9; GPRS communication module a9 is transferred to the host computer 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that slave computer 8 calculates through public's cordless communication network; Host computer carries out analyzing and processing through self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
The field monitoring station is arranged on adopts near the valve chamber in sky subsidence area, comprises following a few part:
(1) optical Fiber Closure of monitoring station and each sensor be connected optical cable, be used for the sensor signal concentration of transmissions of adopting each position on the sky subsidence area to the monitoring station;
(2) photoswitch 6, and sky subsides and the sensor of pipeline is a lot of because monitoring is adopted, and signalling channel is numerous, can't once be connected on the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, with photoswitch 6 each channel signal changed to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 successively and analyzed;
(3) fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, are used to demodulate the centre wavelength displacement of each sensor;
(4) computing machine and program are used to control the frequency of (FBG) demodulator demodulation, and the centre wavelength displacement that (FBG) demodulator demodulates is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically, and these monitoring variables are sent to the GPRS communication module, and the signal that receives the GPRS communication module is controlled;
(5) GPRS communication module is used for each monitoring variable of COMPUTER CALCULATION is transferred to the server that is positioned at office through cordless communication network, also can accept the signal of server, sends to computing machine.
The principle of work of this system is: when adopting 1 distortion of sky subsidence area, the strain of buried pipeline a2 changes because of the effect that stays of bearing the soil body; Simultaneously, along with adopting constantly carrying out that sky subsides, adopt top, pipe top, sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion through horizontal distortion monitoring device a3 monitoring.Through connecting optical cable a5; To photoswitch 6, photoswitch 6 changes each channel signal to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 successively with the sensor signal concentration of transmissions of adopting each position, sky subsidence area, and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each sensor wavelength centre wavelength displacement and sensing is given slave computer 8; Slave computer 8 is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically with the centre wavelength displacement that (FBG) demodulator demodulates; And monitoring variable sent to on-the-spot GPRS communication module a9, and GPRS communication module a9 is through the cordless communication network transmission signals, and b10 sends host computer 11 to the GPRS communication module; Host computer 11 provides warning with each monitoring variable and alarm threshold value contrast in the time of necessary.
The advantage of native system shows:
(1) fiber grating sensing technology is applied to adopt sky subsidence area monitoring, this technology is anti-interference, corrosion-resistant, it is with the obvious advantage to be easy to networking etc.; This technology is easy to realize the remote auto real time on-line monitoring, and cost is lower;
(2) adopt the horizontal distortion monitoring of sky subsidence area, adopt the top soil body strain that the optical fiber grating sensing net is monitored and pipeline directly contacts, just can calculate the horizontal distortion of this zone soil body through the deformation values of monitoring; Simultaneously according to adopting the deformation behaviour that sky subsides; To be converted into subside " monitoring of this quality factor " to " the phenomenon monitoring " of adopting the sky subsidence area; Can forecast surface deformable in advance; Avoided wrong report, improved the efficient and the accuracy of adopting the pipeline early warning of sky subsidence area " face of land obvious distortion do not occur and representes that then pipeline is not stressed or also be in a safe condition ";
(3) native system have automatically, continuously, characteristics timely, can accurately and timely grasp the sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion state of adopting, to the influence of body, can strong foundation be provided to the science decision on the improvement reinforcing of adopting the sky subsidence area and pipe safety protection opportunity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adopts sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion monitoring pie graph
Fig. 2 optical fiber grating sensing net pie graph
Fig. 3 soil body horizontal distortion monitoring device figure
Fig. 4 adopts sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion Fundamentals of Supervisory Systems figure
Fig. 5 adopts sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion monitoring system electrical schematic diagram
Wherein 1-adopts sky subsidence area 2-pipeline a
3-optical fiber grating sensing net a 4-optical Fiber Closure a
5-optical cable a 6-photoswitch
7-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 8-slave computer
9-GPRS communication module a 10-GPRS communication module b
The 11-host computer
12-non-woven geotextile 13-fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor
14-pipeline b 15-optical fiber grating sensing net b
16-optical Fiber Closure b 17-optical cable b
Embodiment
Embodiment. this example is an experimental system, and it constitutes like Fig. 1-shown in Figure 7.One adopt adopt deeply that thickness rate is 10, exploitation length 15m, buried depth of pipeline 3m, duct length be that adopting on the sky subsidence area of 130m tested, pipe diameter is that 168mm, wall thickness are 6mm, grade of steel L245.
The overall formation of adopting sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion monitoring system is as shown in Figure 1.Optical fiber grating sensing net a3 is installed directly over the oil and gas pipes a2 that adopts sky subsidence area 1; Be connected with the optical cable a5 that causes the monitoring station through optical Fiber Closure a4 then; In the monitoring station, optical cable a5 is connected with photoswitch 6, and photoswitch 6 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7; Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 is connected with slave computer 8, and slave computer 8 pretreated data receive host computer 11 through GPRS communication module a9 transmission, GPRS communication module b10.
The concrete formation of adopting sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion monitoring system is as shown in Figure 4, and this system is divided into on-site data gathering transmission system and long-range receiving and analyzing system.
The on-site data gathering transmission system comprises optical fiber grating sensing net, photoswitch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, slave computer, GPRS communication module; The output of optical fiber grating sensing net connects the input of photoswitch; The output of photoswitch connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator; The output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the input of slave computer, and the output of slave computer connects the GPRS communication module.
Long-range receiving and analyzing system comprises that GPRS communication module, host computer, the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve dynamically show; The output of GPRS communication module connects the input of host computer, and the output of host computer connects the dynamically input of demonstration of the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve respectively.
Optical fiber grating sensing net a 3 is monitoring soil body horizontal distortion in real time; Soil body horizontal distortion signal is passed to photoswitch 6 through optical cable a5; Photoswitch 6 is after fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulation reach slave computer 8; Slave computer 8 calls self-editing program, and control photoswitch 6 and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 are realized the collection of data and data are carried out pre-service; Pretreated data receive through GPRS communication module a9 transmission, GPRS communication module b10 and pass to host computer 11, and 11 pairs of data of host computer are carried out further analyzing and processing, judge the state of adopting sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion.
The electric principle of this system is as shown in Figure 5; The PC joint of optical fiber grating sensing net a3 is connected with the PC joint of photoswitch 6 with optical cable a5; The R232 of photoswitch 6 connects the R232 interface of slave computer 8; The PC joint of photoswitch 6 connects the PC interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125, and the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125 connects the LAN port of slave computer 8, and the output of slave computer 8 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display; The R232 port of slave computer 8 connects the R232 port of GPRS communication module a9 Siemens MC 35i; GPRS communication module a9 is received the R232 that is afterwards received host computer 11 by R232 through antenna GSM, GPRS network by GPRS communication module b10 antenna GSM, and the output of host computer 11 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display.
The output signal of subsidence area horizontal distortion through photoswitch 6 one by one conducting transfer to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7; The centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer 8, and the cycle of photoswitch 6 Continuity signals is by slave computer 8 controls.8 pairs of data of slave computer are carried out pre-service; And the data transmission after will handling is given GPRS communication module a9; GPRS communication module a9 is transferred to the host computer 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that slave computer 8 calculates through public's cordless communication network; Host computer carries out analyzing and processing through self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
Wherein:
The formation of optical fiber grating sensing net b15 is as shown in Figure 3; When body has laid to the pipe trench design attitude, and earthing is backfilled to Guan Dinghou, is the optical fiber grating sensing net b15 that long 20m, wide 10m are laid in surface that the center flattens in each 5m scope of both sides (piping lane band) with pipeline b14 axis;
Wherein the structure of optical fiber grating sensing net b15 is as shown in Figure 2, is made up of non-woven geotextile 12, fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor 13.Fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor 13 is woven into " # " font and is fixed in the middle of the up and down two-layer non-woven geotextile 12; Each fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor is separately 1 the tunnel, and spacing is that each one tunnel road spacing of being adjacent of 2m, both sides is 1m between, the middle part 5 tunnel axial arranged 7 tunnel along pipeline b14, and every road is provided with 6 gratings, spacing is 4m; Is that each symmetric arrangement 4 tunnel of both sides, axis, center 1 tunnel (arranging 5 tunnel altogether), spacing are 4m along vertical pipe b14 axial direction with the center, subsidence area, and every road is provided with 7 gratings, spacing is 1.67m; Be connected with optical cable b17 through optical Fiber Closure b16, and finally cause the monitoring station.
The output signal of subsidence area horizontal distortion transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 through photoswitch, and the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer 8, and the cycle of photoswitch 6 Continuity signals is by slave computer 8 controls.8 pairs of data of slave computer are carried out pre-service; And the data after will handling are defeated by GPRS communication module a9; GPRS communication module a9 is transferred to the host computer 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that slave computer 8 calculates through public's cordless communication network; Host computer carries out analyzing and processing through self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
The field monitoring station is arranged on adopts monitoring scene, sky subsidence area, as shown in Figure 1, comprises optical Fiber Closure a4, connects optical cable a5, photoswitch 6, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, slave computer 8, GPRS communication module a9; The signal of each fiber-optic grating sensor collection is received the photoswitch 6 of monitoring station through optical cable a5, and photoswitch 6 outputs connect fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 outputs connect slave computer 8, and slave computer 8 outputs meet GPRS communication module a9.
The signal that optical fiber grating sensing net b15 gathers is received the photoswitch 6 of monitoring station through optical cable a5; Photoswitch 6 changes each channel signal to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 successively; Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates the centre wavelength displacement of each fiber-optic grating sensor and gives slave computer 8; Slave computer 8 calculates the signal that each monitoring variable is defeated by GPRS communication module a9 and accepts GPRS communication module a9 automatically and controls, and each monitoring variable that GPRS communication module a9 calculates slave computer 8 is transferred to the receiving terminal host computer 11 that is positioned at office through public's cordless communication network and further analyzes and handle; Slave computer 8 also can receive the signal of host computer 11 through GPRS communication module b10 simultaneously.
Wherein:
Photoswitch 6: select for use light to swell scientific and technological SUM-FSW;
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7: select SM125 for use;
Fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor 13: select the fiber-optic grating sensor of designing packaging voluntarily for use;
GPRS communication module a9: Siemens MC 35i.
The receiving terminal that is positioned at office comprises following 2 parts:
(1) GPRS receiver module b12 is used to receive the monitoring variable that field monitoring station GPRS communication module a9 sends, and is transferred to host computer 11, sends feedback command also can for on-the-spot GPRS communication module a9;
(2) host computer 11 and program are used for the signal of download terminal GPRS communication module b10, and calling program analyzes automatically, and analysis result and alarm threshold value are compared, and implement in the time of necessary to report to the police.
Through connecting optical cable a5; The sensor signal concentration of transmissions of each position of monitoring section is arrived photoswitch 6; Photoswitch 6 changes each channel signal to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 successively; Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each sensor wavelength centre wavelength displacement and is transferred to slave computer 8, and the centre wavelength displacement that slave computer 8 demodulates (FBG) demodulator is calculated as each soil body horizontal distortion monitoring variable automatically, and monitoring variable is sent to on-the-spot GPRS communication module a9; GPRS communication module a9 is transferred to terminal GPRS communication module b10 through public's cordless communication network with signal; Terminal GPRS communication module b10 sends to terminal host computer 11, and host computer 11 provides warning with each monitoring variable and alarm threshold value contrast in the time of necessary.
Wherein:
GPRS communication module b10: select Siemens MC 35i for use;
When monitoring, a3 carries out the monitoring of soil deformation by the optical fiber grating sensing net with native system; Can draw the distortion of soil body maximum horizontal through calculating.
The signal that collects is done pre-service by slave computer 8 after photoswitch 6, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulation;
11 pairs of signals of host computer are done further to analyze and handle;
Adopting the sky soil body horizontal distortion change dynamics of subsiding by host computer 11 output shows; And whether judgment data exceeds threshold value;
The alert if of soil body horizontal distortion is that sudden change appears in monitoring curve;
When soil body horizontal distortion value shows that then pipeline is in a safe condition during less than threshold value;
, soil body horizontal distortion value carries out the early warning of pipe safety when surpassing threshold value.
Through monitoring for a long time, this example is easy to make up monitoring system, is easy to realize adopting the real-time automatic collecting analysis and the long-range issue of sky subsidence area 1 and pipeline a2 Monitoring Data, and remote live is reported to the police automatically.Avoided loaded down with trivial details artificial image data, improved the precision of early warning, reduced time of fire alarming, can also accurately locate simultaneously place of alarm, this to the pipeline emergency measure take most important.
Claims (4)
1. slow-witted empty subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion monitoring system is characterized in that it is made up of optical fiber grating sensing net a (3), optical Fiber Closure a (4), optical cable a (5), photoswitch (6), fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7), slave computer (8), GPRS communication module a (9), GPRS communication module b (10), host computer (11); Optical fiber grating sensing net a (3) is installed directly over the oil and gas pipes a (2) that adopts sky subsidence area (1); Be connected with the optical cable a (5) that causes the monitoring station through optical Fiber Closure a (4) then, in the monitoring station, optical cable a (5) is connected with photoswitch (6); Photoswitch (6) is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7); Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) is connected with slave computer (8), and the pretreated data of slave computer (8) are through GPRS communication module a (9) transmission, and GPRS communication module b (10) passes to host computer (11) after receiving;
Optical fiber grating sensing net a (3) the output signal of subsidence area horizontal distortion transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) through photoswitch (6) conducting; The centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer (8), and the cycle of photoswitch (6) Continuity signal is controlled by slave computer (8); Slave computer (8) carries out pre-service to data; And the data transmission after will handling is given GPRS communication module a (9); GPRS communication module a (9) is transferred to the host computer (11) that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that slave computer (8) calculates through public's cordless communication network; Host computer carries out analyzing and processing through self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
2. the sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion monitoring system of adopting according to claim 1 is characterized in that this system is divided into on-site data gathering transmission system and long-range receiving and analyzing system;
The on-site data gathering transmission system comprises optical fiber grating sensing net, photoswitch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, slave computer, GPRS communication module; The output of optical fiber grating sensing net connects the input of photoswitch; The output of photoswitch connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator; The output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the input of slave computer, and the output of slave computer connects the GPRS communication module;
Long-range receiving and analyzing system comprises that GPRS communication module, host computer, the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve dynamically show; The output of GPRS communication module connects the input of host computer, and the output of host computer connects the dynamically input of demonstration of the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve respectively;
The optical fiber grating sensing net passes to photoswitch with soil body horizontal distortion signal through optical cable; Photoswitch is after the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator demodulation reaches slave computer; Slave computer calls self-editing program, and control photoswitch and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator are realized the collection of data and data are carried out pre-service; The GPRS communication module of the GPRS communication module transmission of pretreated data through the on-site data gathering transmission system, long-range receiving and analyzing system receives and passes to host computer; Host computer is analyzed the soil deformation data, judges the situation of subsiding of the safe condition and the goaf soil body of adopting sky subsidence area pipeline.
3. the sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion monitoring system of adopting according to claim 1 and 2; The electric principle that it is characterized in that this system is: the PC joint of optical fiber grating sensing net a (3) is connected with the PC joint of photoswitch (6) with optical cable a (5); The R232 of photoswitch (6) connects the R232 interface of slave computer (8); The PC joint of photoswitch (6) connects the PC interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) SM125; The LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) SM125 connects the LAN port of slave computer (8); The output of slave computer (8) is by the VGA end of VGA termination display, and the R232 port of slave computer (8) connects the R232 port of GPRS communication module a (9) Siemens MC 35i, and GPRS communication module a (9) is through antenna GSM, GPRS network; Received the back by GPRS communication module b (10) antenna GSM and receive the R232 of host computer (11) by R232, the output of host computer (11) is by the VGA end of VGA termination display;
The output signal of optical fiber grating sensing net a (3) transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) through photoswitch (6) conducting; The centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) demodulates optical fiber grating sensing net a (3) transfers to slave computer (8), and the cycle of photoswitch (6) Continuity signal is controlled by slave computer (8); Slave computer (8) carries out pre-service to data; And the data after will handling are defeated by GPRS communication module a (9); GPRS communication module a (9) is transferred to the host computer (11) that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that slave computer (8) calculates through public's cordless communication network; Host computer carries out analyzing and processing through self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
4. the sky subsidence area soil body horizontal distortion monitoring system of adopting according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that said optical fiber grating sensing net a (3) is made up of non-woven geotextile (12), fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor (13); Fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor (13) is woven into " # " font and is fixed on two-layer non-woven geotextile (12) centre up and down; Each fiber grating reinforcing bar sensor is separately 1 the tunnel, and the fiber grating quantity on every road and sensing net laying length need to decide according to adopting the actual conditions that sky subsides, and are connected with optical cable b (17) through optical Fiber Closure b (16), and finally cause the monitoring station.
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