CN101667328A - Method and system for monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement and method for constructing system - Google Patents
Method and system for monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement and method for constructing system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement and a method for constructing the system. The monitoring is divided into three parts including landslide surface displacement monitoring, monitoring of thrust of landslide on a pipeline and pipeline strain monitoring. The outputs of a ground beam fiber Bragg grating sensor (20) of a landslide surface displacement monitoring device, an earth pressure cell fiber Bragg grating sensor (4) of a monitoring device of the thrust of the landslide on the pipeline and a pipe strain fiber Bragg grating sensor (3) of a pipeline strain monitoring device are sequentially connected in series with an automatic optical switch (6), a fiber Bragg grating demodulator (7) and a host computer (8) ofan on-site monitoring station respectively. The output of the host computer (8) is connected with a GPRS transmission module (9); and the input of an inferior computer (11) with the outputs of an annunciator (12) and a display is connected by a GPRS receiving module (10) in an office.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of based on the monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement method and system of fiber grating and the construction method of system.Relate to and measure stress and piping system technical field.
Background technology
The rock soil mass that is meant the formation slope that comes down is followed the shear action process on the weak face in its underpart and is produced the mass motion phenomenon under action of gravity.Landslide disaster is one of the principal mode that causes the geologic hazard of human life's property loss.Length can reach thousands of kilometers apart from oil transportation or gas pipe line fed distance, passes through numerous geology and geomorphologies unit, often will pass the geologic condition areas with complicated inevitably, as mountain area, permafrost region etc.Because the insufficient or pipe-line construction of route selection brings out the landslide or reasons such as landslide are brought out in earthquake, the pipeline that lays in the mountain area might pass through in movable sliding mass, and the safe operation of pipeline suffers the serious threat on these movable landslides.These are referred to as pipeline landslide in landslide of threat tube safety possibly.
In the past in the pipeline transportation history in 40 years, once repeatedly caused pipeline accident based on the geologic hazard on landslide.Europe natural gas line casualty data group (EGIG) investigation 1970 in the West Europe pipeline accident of calendar year 2001, the 7%th, cause by geologic hazard; 1984 of DOT statistics show that to 2001 natural gas transport data 8.5% accident is caused by geologic hazard; 12% of the pipeline accident of Canada State Energy Resources Commission investigation demonstration influence Canada operation is that geologic hazard causes.The huge landslide that caused by earthquake in March, 1987 makes traverses the fracture that 40km length takes place Ecuador's pipeline, and stopping transportation fortnight, economic loss reaches 700,000,000 dollars.Nineteen ninety-five and winter in 1996,, cause U.S.'s northwest gas transmission line three place's pipelines to rupture because the landslide is brought out in the extra-heavy rainfall in western part, Washington.
The pipeline industry of China be in flourish among, these pipelines are transported to the western abundant petroleum gas of China the east of China mostly, and the most of mountain regions of China have been concentrated in western part of China, the west and south, and pipeline just will pass through seriously area of geologic hazard inevitably.Loyal military gas pipe line Zhong County-Yichang 409 km segment are in eastern west place in Hubei mountain area, Chongqing, and peaks rising one upon another on the mountain peak, the discrepancy in elevation is remarkable, landform, geologic condition complexity, and growing has the geologic hazard of many groups easily to send out the rock stratum, is the location that takes place frequently of landslide, crag avalanche.The blue Chengdu-Chongqing products pipeline Lanzhou that was constructed and put into operation in 2003 is to the Guangyuan section, structure is active, the lithology fragmentation, and the landform cutting is grown, the back input huge fund of going into operation is used for hazards control, still has more than 530 places but investigation in 2007 shows the geologic hazard of threat tube safety.The West-East National Gas Transmission Project main line always is about 4000 kilometers, suffers various geologic hazard serious threats, and the landslide disaster of wherein finding out reaches more than 39 places.
In the face of numerous pipeline landslide disasters, the pipeline operator of China is often taked positive engineering control measure, but also there is the drawback of some in these measures, it at first is the cost height, next is that prevention and cure project is not " putting things right once and for all " yet, the uncertain factor of design and construction is more, moreover the cycle of administering is long.The monitoring then be a kind of efficiently, prophylactico-therapeutic measures cheaply.Italy SNAM company will monitor the main mode of pipeline as the control landslide disaster, and they have carried out reaching the monitoring in 30 years to pipeline, have successfully avoided a large amount of pipeline accidents.After pipelines such as the transfering natural gas from the west to the east of China, loyal military line are gone into operation the landslide is also effectively monitored.
Face of land absolute deformation comprises geodetic surveying technology and aerospace technology, and the former has transit, stadimeter, total powerstation, laser scanner technique (LIDAR), and the latter has GPS (GPS), interfering synthetic aperture radar technology (InSAR) etc.The major defect on these technical monitoring landslides is to realize real-time automatic monitoring, if perhaps realized real-time automatic monitoring, is unsafe yet valuable automatic monitor is placed on landslide table portion, may be stolen or destroyed.
The distribution type fiber-optic technology has been applied to monitor Landslide Deformation, and dual mode is arranged.A kind of is not select for a post what object as carrier, and optical fiber is directly experienced the distortion of the soil body, because soil body loose particles and large deformation easily, optical fiber is difficult to and soil body compatible deformation like this, and the large deformation of the local soil body destroys optical fiber easily.Another kind of mode is that choosing is constructed body as carrier, and the distortion of constructing body by monitoring reflects the distortion on landslide indirectly.Usual way is to select the structures of landslide control engineering as carrier, and this method generally is applied to the effect monitoring of landslide control engineering; Other method is existing other structures (as top-down ladder) conduct distortion carrier of choosing on the sliding mass, and this method is workable, but monitoring result is difficult to the quantitative Analysis distortion.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to invent the low monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement method and system of a kind of spatial resolution height, cost and the construction method of system.
The present invention proposes a kind of monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement method and system and construction method thereof based on fiber grating sensing technology.This system adopts fiber grating sensing technology, and landslide surface displacement, landslide are monitored the thrust monitoring and the pipeline strain of pipeline.And made up monitoring system, realized real-time automatic collecting, remote transmission and the analysis automatically of data.
Fiber Bragg Grating (Fiber Bragg Grating, FBG are called for short fiber grating) is the micro optical element that develops rapidly over nearly 20 years, is to utilize the photosensitivity in the optical fiber to make.Photosensitivity in the so-called optical fiber is meant when laser passes through doped fiber, and the refractive index of optical fiber will be with the characteristic of the space distribution generation respective change of light intensity.And the space phase grating that in fibre core, forms, the essence of its effect is exactly (transmission or reflection) wave filter or the catoptron that forms an arrowband in fibre core.
Optical fiber grating sensing is a kind ofly to select reverberator, its back-reflection center wavelength of light λ being scribed the wavelength that forms by optical fiber
BWith grating periods lambda and fiber core refractive index n
EffRelevant, promptly
λ
B＝2n
effΛ
The ultimate principle of FBG optical fiber grating sensing is when temperature, strain, stress or other measured physical quantity around the grating change, will cause the variation of grating cycle or fiber core refractive index, thereby make the centre wavelength of fiber grating produce displacement λ
B,, can obtain the situation of change of measured physical quantity by detecting the displacement situation of grating wavelength.Promptly
Δλ
B＝K
ε·Δε+K
T·ΔT
K in the formula
εBe strain sensing sensitivity coefficient, K
TBe the fiber grating temperature sensor sensitivity coefficient.
For the FBG fibre core is the situation of pure quartz, K
εBe 1pm/u ε, K
TBe 10pm/ ℃.The optical fiber material, write strain and temperature sensing sensitivity coefficient that technology and encapsulating material all can influence FBG, must demarcate above parameter before using.
Fiber grating can be made into various senser elements, is used widely at sensory field.Compare with traditional electric transducer, fiber-optic grating sensor has own unique advantage: 1. sensing head is simple in structure, volume is little, in light weight, shape variable, be fit to imbed in the various large scale structures, but the stress of measurement structure inside, strain and structural damage etc., stability, good reproducibility; 2. and have natural compatibility between the optical fiber, easily be connected with optical fiber, optical loss is low, spectral characteristic good, reliability is high; 3. have non-conducting, little to measured medium influence, have characteristics anticorrosive, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) again, be adapted at working in the rugged surroundings; 4. light and handy soft, can in an optical fiber, write a plurality of gratings, constitute sensor array, combine with wavelength-division multiplex and time division multiplex system, realize distributed sensing; 5. metrical information is with Wavelength-encoding, thereby fiber-optic grating sensor is not subjected to the influence of factors such as light-intensity variation, optical fiber connection and coupling loss, the optical polarization variation of light source, the antijamming capability that tool is stronger; 6. high sensitivity, high degree of resolution.
Compare with widely used Brillouin light domain reflectometer BOTDR, the advantage of fiber-optic grating sensor has: 1. pair measurement point can accurately be located, the resolution height; 2. cost is low; 3. can process, encapsulate transducing part, make it be more suitable for on-the-spot rugged surroundings.
Because these advantages, in the Geotechnical Engineering field, fiber-optic grating sensor is easy to imbed in the rock soil mass strain and the temperature to its inside and carries out high resolving power and large-range measuring, and technical advantage is very obvious, especially is embodied in to obtain long-term, rock soil mass deformation data reliably.The table position that present fiber grating sensing technology also is not used to come down is moved or the deep displacement monitoring.
The present invention propose based on the monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement method of fiber grating sensing technology as shown in Figure 1, comprise three parts monitored to the thrust monitoring and the pipeline strain of pipeline in landslide surface displacement monitoring, landslide.
The landslide surface displacement monitoring method is: bury an elongate concrete grade beam 2 at the underground certain depth of landslide table portion underground perpendicular to the Landslide Deformation direction, and grade beam 2 two ends fixed constraints, on the axial direction of concrete ground beam 2 center reinforcing bars 17, paste the sensor groups encapsulation bare area beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 be composed in series, each sensor draw fine welding after be connected to connection optical fiber; Draw the Signal connector of fiber-optic grating sensor group at an end of grade beam 2; Signal connector is connected with optical cable 5, signal is guided to the monitoring station by optical cable 5.In the monitoring station, host computer 8 calls self-editing program, controls fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, finishes the real-time automatic collecting of data; When being implemented in soil deformation and causing elongate concrete grade beam 2 to deform, the degree and the position of the elongation strain of monitoring grade beam.
Wherein:
Grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 sticks on the axial direction of reinforcing bar, is for obtaining the axial strain of reinforcing bar;
Grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 can adopt equidistant connection, thinking 13 key areas that are out of shape that come down, encrypts placement sensor.
And landslide surface displacement then also need be surveyed the landslide to the thrust of pipeline and the strain of pipeline to the influence that pipeline produces.
The landslide to the thrust monitoring method of pipeline is: with encapsulation soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 measuring pressures that are fixed on the pipeline; Soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 is fixed on the pipeline 14 by soil pressure cell support 21, and soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 is experienced the glide direction of the sensitive area of pressure towards landslide 13.The pressure of soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 measurements is exactly the positive thrust of the 13 pairs of pipelines 14 in landslide like this.
The pipeline strain monitoring method is: on the pipeline 14 of the center on 13 both sides of the edge, landslide and landslide, evenly arrange pipeline monitoring cross section, and the spacing in monitoring cross section should not surpass 60m; On each monitoring cross section of pipeline 14, evenly arrange 3 body fiber Bragg grating strain sensors 3, the strain that monitoring pipeline 14 is axial.
A large amount of studies show that, the crucial performance of 13 pairs of pipeline 14 imposed stresses that come down just can be judged the acceptable stress state of pipeline 14 in the axial direction preferably to the measurement of pipeline 14 axial stresses.Therefore the only axial strain of measuring channel of body fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 3, based on the steel theory of elasticity, known strained just can be obtained stress.
The monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement system electricity theory diagram that makes up according to above-mentioned method is made up of the receiving terminal of the thrust monitoring device of pipeline, pipeline strain monitoring device, field monitoring station, office landslide surface displacement monitoring device, landslide as shown in Figure 2.The automatic light switch 6 that connects the field monitoring station is respectively exported to the soil pressure cell strain fiber-optic grating sensor 4 of the thrust monitoring device of pipeline and the body strain fiber-optic grating sensor 3 of pipeline strain monitoring device in the grade beam strain fiber-optic grating sensor 20, the landslide that are installed in the on-the-spot landslide surface displacement monitoring device on come down interior or the pipeline with certain version, automatically 6 outputs of light switch connect the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, and the output of an end of host computer 8 connects the end input of automatic light switch 6 in addition; The output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 also connects the input of bit machine 8; The output of host computer 8 connects GPRS transport module 9, connects the input of next bit computer 11, the output of next bit computer 11 device 12 taking alarm and display by the receiving terminal GPRS receiver module 10 of office.
The electric principle of this system as shown in Figure 3, monitor landslide surface displacement respectively, the landslide is to three fiber-optic grating sensors--the grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 of the thrust and the pipeline strain of pipeline, soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4, the PC joint of body fiber-optic grating sensor 3 is connected with the PC joint of light switch 6 with optical fiber, the R232 of light switch 6 directly connects the R232 of bit machine 8, the PC joint of light switch 6 connects the CH1 end of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125, the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125 connects the LAN port of bit machine 8, the R232 port of host computer 8 connects the R232 port of GPRS transport module 9 Siemens MC 35i, GPRS transport module 9 is through antenna GSM, GPRS network, received next bit computer 11 is received in the back by R232 R232 by GPRS receiver module 10 antenna GSM, the output of next bit computer 11 is by the R232 of R232 device 12DS-7400 taking alarm, and the output of next bit computer 11 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display.
Monitoring landslide surface displacement, landslide are given fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 to the output signal of three kinds of fiber-optic grating sensors of the thrust of pipeline and pipeline strain through conducting one by one, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates the centre wavelength displacement of each fiber-optic grating sensor and is defeated by host computer 8, and light switch 6 gives the cycle of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 Continuity signals by host computer 8 controls.Host computer 8 calculates the signal that each monitoring variable is defeated by GPRS transport module 9 and accepts GPRS transport module 9 automatically and controls, GPRS transport module 9 is transferred to the receiving terminal GPRS receiver module 10 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that host computer 8 calculates by public's cordless communication network, also can accept the signal of receiving terminal, after sending to next bit computer 11 processing, report to the police by the display demonstration and by alarm 12.
The formation of landslide surface displacement monitoring system such as Fig. 4-shown in Figure 7.This device is made up of the elongate concrete grade beam 2 and the grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 of reinforcing bar the center.After pasting sensor groups encapsulation bare area beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 (see figure 7)s that are composed in series on the reinforcing bar 17 at concrete ground beam 2 centers, be embedded in the geosyncline perpendicular to the Landslide Deformation direction of underground certain depth.Grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 outputs of landslide surface displacement monitoring connect 6 inputs of light switch, and 6 outputs of light switch connect 7 inputs of fiber grating demodulation device, and the output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 connects on-the-spot host computer 8.The grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 of this device is made up of the elongate concrete grade beam and the fiber-optic grating sensor of reinforcing bar the center, after pasting the sensor groups encapsulation bare area beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 that is composed in series on the reinforcing bar at concrete ground beam center, be embedded in the geosyncline perpendicular to the Landslide Deformation direction of underground certain depth.
Construction method is to excavate out a geosyncline on the face of land, landslide, and the bearing of trend of geosyncline is perpendicular to landslide 13 deformation directions.Cast gravelstone concrete ground beam 2 in geosyncline.In the zone, non-landslide at grade beam 2 two ends, the excavation operating pit is used for deposit concrete earth anchor 19, thus the two ends of fixing concrete grade beam 2.With welding manner connecting reinforcement 17, the length of reinforcing bar 17 wants to cross over landslide 13 width of monitoring section.On reinforcing bar 17, paste encapsulation bare area beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20, with the sealing of foam seal glue.Grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 sticks on the axial direction of reinforcing bar 17, to obtain the axial strain of reinforcing bar 17; Adopt the mode of series connection to form sensor groups, each grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 draw fine welding after be connected to connection optical fiber; Grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 can adopt equidistant connection, is thinking the key area of Landslide Deformation, can encrypt and arrange grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20.When half height of grade beam 2 cast, place the reinforcing bar 17 that is stained with grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20, make reinforcing bar 17 be in the center of concrete ground beam 2, continue second half concrete of cast then.To backfill geosyncline after the concrete curing.Deposit concrete earth anchor 19, the steel reinforcement cage in the earth anchor 19 well overlaps with ground beam steel 17, thereby realizes grade beam 2 two ends fixed constraints.Draw the Signal connector of 20 groups of grade beam fiber-optic grating sensors at an end of grade beam 2; Signal connector is connected with optical cable 5, signal is guided to the monitoring station by optical cable 5.
The monitoring principle of this device is (as Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7), and when the landslide 13 surperficial soil bodys were subjected to displacement (distortion), soil deformation caused concrete ground beam 2 to deform, because grade beam 2 is slender members, the distortion of grade beam 2 is based on axial elongation.The two ends of grade beam 2 are embedded in the stable sloping body outside the landslide area, the two ends of grade beam 2 are subjected to fixed constraint like this, extension strain takes place for the problem on deformation that the distortion of grade beam 2 can be equal to free beam, grade beam 2 degree and position have just showed the size and location of the distortion of the 13 table portions generation of coming down.Elongation strain takes place grade beam 2 degree and position are read by the strain value of the reinforced optical fiber grating sensor 20 on the reinforcing bar 17 in the grade beam 2.By strain value is carried out double integral, then can calculate the amount of deflection of grade beam 2 by the fiber-optic grating sensor strain, this amount of deflection is landslide surface displacement.
The landslide to the formation of the thrust monitoring device of pipeline as shown in Figure 8, soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 outputs that are the 13 pairs of pipeline 14 thrusts monitorings in landslide connect 6 inputs of light switch, 6 outputs of light switch connect 7 inputs of grating demodulation instrument, and the output of grating demodulation instrument connects on-the-spot host computer 8.And the fiber-optic grating sensor of the 13 pairs of pipeline 14 thrusts monitorings of coming down adopts fiber grating encapsulation soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4; Soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 is fixed on the pipeline 14 by soil pressure cell support 21, and soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 is experienced the glide direction of the sensitive area of pressure towards landslide 13.The pressure of soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 3 measurements is exactly the positive thrust of the 13 pairs of pipelines 14 in landslide like this.
This installs single pass electric principle as shown in Figure 3, the PC joint of the soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 that 13 pairs of pipeline 14 thrusts that come down are monitored is connected with the PC joint of light switch 6 with optical fiber, the R232 of light switch 6 directly connects the R232 of bit machine 8, the PC joint of light switch 6 connects the CH1 end of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125, and the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125 connects the LAN port of bit machine 8.
The landslide to the construction method of the thrust monitoring device of pipeline as shown in Figure 8, soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 is fixed on the pipeline 14 by soil pressure cell support 21, and soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 is experienced the glide direction of the sensitive area of pressure towards landslide 13.The pressure of soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 measurements is exactly the positive thrust of the 13 pairs of pipelines 14 in landslide like this.Soil pressure cell support 21 is made up of two circular arc steel plate clips, wherein is welded with base on one section circular arc steel plate, and soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 embeds in the base, and keeps certain allowance, makes soil pressure cell energy Free Transform.The clamp connection part 23 at soil pressure cell support 21 two ends connects by nut.When slide in landslide 13, the thrust of the 13 pairs of soil pressure cells in landslide can be measured by soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4, and this measured value deducts the soil body gravity pressure that soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 bears, and is the thrust that landslide 13 distortion produce pipeline 14.
The formation of the monitoring device of body stress such as Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10, be respectively to arrange pipeline monitoring cross section, arrange evenly that in the periphery in each monitoring cross section of pipeline 14 3 body fiber- optic grating sensors 3 and 3 body fiber-optic grating sensors 3 are arranged on the plane with pipeline 14 axis normal in the both sides of the edge and the center on landslide on landslide.3 outputs of body fiber-optic grating sensor connect 6 inputs of light switch, and 6 outputs of light switch connect fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 inputs, and the output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 connects on-the-spot host computer 8.
This installs single pass electric principle as shown in Figure 3, the PC joint of body fiber-optic grating sensor 3 is connected with the PC joint of light switch 6 with optical fiber, the R232 of light switch 6 directly connects the R232 of bit machine 8, the PC joint of light switch 6 connects the CH1 end of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125, and the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125 connects the LAN port of bit machine 8.
The construction method of the monitoring device of body stress such as Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10 respectively arrange pipeline monitoring cross section in the both sides of the edge on landslide and the center on landslide, and the spacing in monitoring cross section should not surpass 60m.Evenly arrange that in the periphery in each monitoring cross section of pipeline 14 3 body fiber- optic grating sensors 3 and 3 body fiber-optic grating sensors 3 are arranged on the plane with pipeline 14 axis normal.When body fiber-optic grating sensor 3 is installed, scrape pipeline 14 anticorrosive coats fully off, and polishing pipeline 14 surfaces are pasted the body fiber-optic grating sensor with Instant cement 3 and are encapsulated 24 packaged body fiber-optic grating sensors 3 to smooth.After treating that three body fiber-optic grating sensor 3 paste Lists are good, the fibre that draws of body fiber-optic grating sensor 3 is caused ground in the lump, and protect.
Draw when pipeline 14 axially bears/during compressive stress, three body fiber-optic grating sensors 3 bear and draw/compressive strain; According to certain algorithm,, can obtain the size and the position of maximum strain on these pipeline 14 cross sections by this cross section three places strain.Based on the steel theory of elasticity, can obtain the size of maximum drawing/compressive stress on pipeline 14 cross sections.The selection in monitoring cross section is very important to monitoring effect.
A large amount of studies show that, the crucial performance of 13 pairs of pipeline 14 imposed stresses that come down just can be judged the acceptable stress state of pipeline 14 in the axial direction preferably to the measurement of pipeline 14 axial stresses.Therefore, the only axial strain of measuring channel 14 of body fiber-optic grating sensor 3.
It is on-the-spot that the field monitoring station is arranged on the landslide, comprises optical Fiber Closure, connects optical cable 5, light switch 6, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, host computer 8, GPRS transport module 9; By the optical Fiber Closure of each fiber-optic grating sensor be connected optical cable 5 fiber-optic grating sensor of each position that will come down on 13 and receive the light switch 6 of monitoring station, 6 outputs of light switch connect fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 outputs connect bit machine 8, and host computer 8 outputs connect GPRS transport module 9.The optical Fiber Closure of each fiber-optic grating sensor be connected optical cable 5 and will come down and be transferred to the light switch 6 of monitoring station in the fiber-optic grating sensor set of signals of each position on 13, light switch 6 changes each channel signal successively to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates the centre wavelength displacement of each fiber-optic grating sensor and gives host computer 8, host computer 8 calculates the signal that each monitoring variable is defeated by GPRS transport module 9 and accepts GPRS transport module 9 automatically and controls, GPRS transport module 9 is transferred to the receiving terminal that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that host computer 8 calculates by public's cordless communication network, also can accept the signal of receiving terminal, send to next bit computer 11.
Wherein:
Light switch 6: because the fiber-optic grating sensor of monitoring landslide and pipeline is a lot, signalling channel is numerous, can't once be connected on the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, with light switch 6 each channel signal is changed successively to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 and is analyzed; This light switch 6 is selected city's pin product for use;
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7: the centre wavelength displacement that is used to demodulate each fiber-optic grating sensor; Select city's pin product for use;
GPRS transport module 9: be used for each monitoring variable that host computer 8 calculates is transferred to the receiving terminal that is positioned at office by public's cordless communication network, also can accept the signal of receiving terminal, send to next bit computer 11.
The receiving terminal that is positioned at office comprises following 2 parts:
1) the GPRS receiver module 10, are used to receive the monitoring variable that field monitoring station GPRS transport module 9 sends, and are transferred to terminal next bit computer 11, send feedback command also can for on-the-spot GPRS transport module 9;
2) next bit computer 11 and program are used for the signal of download terminal GPRS receiver module 10, and calling program analyzes automatically, and analysis result and alarming threshold value are compared, and implement in the time of necessary to report to the police;
3) alarm 12, are used for when analysis result surpasses alarming threshold value the sound alarm signal taking place; Alarm 12 is by next bit computer 11 and programmed control.
The principle of work of this system is such, when slide in landslide 13, the grade beam 2 that is embedded in landslide 13 shallow table portions produces extension strain in the process of bearing landslide 13 thrusts, grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 on the grade beam 2 is experienced stretching strain, by calculate can draw the grade beam level to Displacements Distribution, the horizontal shift of the table portion that promptly comes down distributes; Come down in 13 active procedures, pipeline 14 bears landslide 13 thrusts and body 14 strain variation takes place, and measures by body fiber-optic grating sensor 3; On the surface of contact on pipeline 14 and landslide 13, the thrust of the 13 pairs of pipelines 14 in landslide is measured by soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4.
By connecting optical cable 5, the sensor signal concentration of transmissions that the landslide is gone up each position is to light switch 6, light switch 6 changes each channel signal successively to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each sensor wavelength centre wavelength displacement and sensing is given host computer 8, host computer 8 is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically with the centre wavelength displacement that (FBG) demodulator demodulates, as 13 the deep displacement of coming down, the table position is moved, the body maximum strain, interface thrust etc., and monitoring variable sent to on-the-spot GPRS transport module 9, GPRS transport module 9 is transferred to terminal GPRS receiver module 10 by public's cordless communication network with signal, terminal GPRS receiver module 10 sends to terminal next bit computer 11, terminal next bit computer 11 provides warning with each monitoring variable and alarming threshold value contrast in the time of necessary.
The advantage of the construction method of this method and system and system shows:
1) proposes the 13 table positions of coming down are moved and influenced the method that pipeline 14 down carries out combined monitoring, disclosed and come down 13 and the interaction characteristics of pipeline 14; With the come down safe early warning of 13 influences pipeline 14 down of many indexs, uncertainty or wrong early warning in the pipeline 14 landslide monitoring early warning have greatly been avoided;
2) fiber grating sensing technology is applied to the system monitoring of pipeline landslide 13, this technology is anti-interference, corrosion-resistant, it is obvious sometimes to be easy to networking etc.; By constructing specific carrier, realized moving with fiber grating sensing technology monitoring landslide depth displacement and table position, compared with the technological means of traditional monitoring landslide surface displacement, fiber grating sensing technology is easy to realize auto-real-time monitoring, the spatial resolution height, and cost is lower;
3) pipeline strain monitoring, be in each monitoring cross section 3 sensors to be installed evenly, the maximum strain that draws this monitoring cross section by specific algorithm distributes, and has realized the monitoring purpose with minimum monitoring point, saved cost, also the set-up time of Jian Shaoing reaches the damage to pipeline;
4) all monitoring variables are all realized by fiber grating sensing technology, are easy to make up monitoring system, are easy to realize the real-time automatic collecting analysis and the long-range issue of pipeline landslide combined monitoring data, and remote live is reported to the police automatically; Avoided loaded down with trivial details artificial image data, reduced time of fire alarming, this to the pipeline emergency measure take most important.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement system constitutes synoptic diagram
Fig. 2 landslide surface displacement Fundamentals of Supervisory Systems block diagram
Fig. 3 landslide surface displacement monitoring system electrical schematic diagram
Fig. 4 landslide surface displacement monitoring device structural drawing
Fig. 5 grade beam structural drawing (sectional elevation)
Fig. 6 landslide surface displacement monitoring device scheme of installation
The installation diagram of Fig. 7 fiber-optic grating sensor on the ground beam steel
Fig. 8 soil pressure sensor synoptic diagram
The monitoring device synoptic diagram (cross-sectional view) of Fig. 9 body stress
The monitoring device synoptic diagram of Figure 10 body stress
2-grade beam wherein
3-body fiber-optic grating sensor 4-soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor
5-optical cable 6-light switch
7-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 8-host computer
9-GPRS transport module 10-GPRS receiver module
11-next bit computer 12-alarm
13-landslide 14-pipeline
15-slipping plane 17-reinforcing bar
18-side slope 20-grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor
21-soil pressure cell support 22-support clip
The encapsulation of 23-clamp connection part 24-body fiber-optic grating sensor
Embodiment
Embodiment. this example is a test method and system, and covers the overlayer that the cross section is sliding surface at a wide 300m, the thick 29m that comes down, base and test on the sliding mass at a slow speed.This monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement system is made up of the receiving terminal of the thrust monitoring device of pipeline, pipeline strain monitoring device, field monitoring station, office landslide surface displacement monitoring device, landslide as shown in Figure 2.The automatic light switch 6 that connects the field monitoring station is respectively exported to the soil pressure cell strain fiber-optic grating sensor 4 of the thrust monitoring device of pipeline and the body strain fiber-optic grating sensor 3 of pipeline strain monitoring device in the grade beam strain fiber-optic grating sensor 20, the landslide that are installed in the on-the-spot landslide surface displacement monitoring device in the landslide with certain version, automatically 6 outputs of light switch connect the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, and the output of an end of host computer 8 connects the end input of automatic light switch 6 in addition; The output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 also connects the input of bit machine 8; The output of host computer 8 connects GPRS transport module 9, connects the input of next bit computer 11, the output of next bit computer 11 device 12 taking alarm and display by the receiving terminal GPRS receiver module 10 of office.
The electric principle of this system as shown in Figure 3, monitor landslide surface displacement respectively, the landslide is to three fiber-optic grating sensors--the grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 of the thrust and the pipeline strain of pipeline, soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4, the PC joint of body fiber-optic grating sensor 3 is connected with the PC joint of light switch 6 with optical fiber, the R232 of light switch 6 directly connects the R232 of bit machine 8, the PC joint of light switch 6 connects the CH1 end of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125, the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125 connects the LAN port of bit machine 8, the R232 port of host computer 8 connects the R232 port of GPRS transport module 9 Siemens MC 35i, GPRS transport module 9 is through antenna GSM, GPRS network, received next bit computer 11 is received in the back by R232 R232 by GPRS receiver module 10 antenna GSM, the output of next bit computer 11 is by the R232 of R232 device 12DS-7400 taking alarm, and the output of next bit computer 11 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display.
Monitoring landslide surface displacement, landslide are given fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 to the output signal of three kinds of fiber-optic grating sensors of the thrust of pipeline and pipeline strain through conducting one by one, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates the centre wavelength displacement of each fiber-optic grating sensor and is defeated by host computer 8, and light switch 6 gives the cycle of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 Continuity signals by host computer 8 controls.Host computer 8 calculates the signal that each monitoring variable is defeated by GPRS transport module 9 and accepts GPRS transport module 9 automatically and controls, GPRS transport module 9 is transferred to the receiving terminal GPRS receiver module 10 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that host computer 8 calculates by public's cordless communication network, also can accept the signal of receiving terminal, after sending to next bit computer 11 processing, report to the police by the display demonstration and by alarm 12.
The landslide surface displacement monitoring device (sees that Fig. 4-Fig. 7) adopts a kind of table of landslide o earth slope at a slow speed position to move fibre-optical raster sensing device for monitoring to realize.This device is made up of the elongate concrete grade beam 2 and the grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 of reinforcing bar the center.After pasting the sensor groups encapsulation bare area beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 that is composed in series on the reinforcing bar 17 at concrete ground beam 2 centers, be embedded in the geosyncline perpendicular to the Landslide Deformation direction of underground certain depth.Grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 outputs of landslide surface displacement monitoring connect 6 inputs of light switch, and 6 outputs of light switch connect 7 inputs of fiber grating demodulation device, and the output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 connects on-the-spot host computer 8.The grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 (seeing Figure 14) of this device is made up of the elongate concrete grade beam and the fiber-optic grating sensor of reinforcing bar the center, after pasting the sensor groups encapsulation bare area beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 that is composed in series on the reinforcing bar at concrete ground beam center, be embedded in the geosyncline perpendicular to the Landslide Deformation direction of underground certain depth.
This installs single pass electric principle as shown in Figure 3, the PC joint of the grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 of monitoring landslide depth displacement is connected with the PC joint of light switch 6 with optical fiber, the R232 of light switch 6 directly connects the R232 of bit machine 8, the PC joint of light switch 6 connects the CH1 end of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125, and the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125 connects the LAN port of bit machine 8.
The monitoring principle of this device is, when the landslide 13 surperficial soil bodys were subjected to displacement (distortion), soil deformation caused concrete ground beam 2 to deform, and owing to grade beam 2 is slender members, the distortion of grade beam 2 is based on axial elongation.The two ends of grade beam 2 are embedded in the stable sloping body outside the landslide area, the two ends of grade beam 2 are subjected to fixed constraint like this, extension strain takes place for the problem on deformation that the distortion of grade beam 2 can be equal to free beam, grade beam 2 degree and position have just showed the size and location of the distortion of the 13 table portions generation of coming down.Elongation strain takes place grade beam 2 degree and position are read by the strain value of the reinforced optical fiber grating sensor 20 on the reinforcing bar 17 in the grade beam 2.By strain value is carried out double integral, then can calculate the amount of deflection of grade beam 2 by the fiber-optic grating sensor strain, this amount of deflection is landslide surface displacement.
Its construction method is as follows:
As Fig. 4-shown in Figure 7, on the face of land, landslide, excavate out a dark 1.2m, the geosyncline of wide 1m, the bearing of trend of geosyncline is perpendicular to landslide 13 deformation directions.Cast gravelstone concrete ground beam 2 in geosyncline.Non-landslide at grade beam 2 two ends is regional, excavates the operating pit of dark 1.5m, wide 1m, long 1m, is used for deposit concrete earth anchor 19, thus the two ends of fixing concrete grade beam 2.With welding manner connecting reinforcement 17, the length of reinforcing bar 17 wants to cross over landslide 13 width of monitoring section, and reinforcing bar is selected φ 14mm one-level round steel for use.On reinforcing bar 17, paste encapsulation bare area beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20, with the sealing of foam seal glue.Grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 sticks on the axial direction of reinforcing bar 17, to obtain the axial strain of reinforcing bar 17; Adopt the mode of series connection to form sensor groups, each grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 draw fine welding after be connected to connection optical fiber; Grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 can adopt equidistant connection, is thinking the key area of Landslide Deformation, can encrypt and arrange grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20.Cast C20 gravelstone concrete ground beam 2 in geosyncline, grade beam 2 high 20cm, wide 30cm.When half height of grade beam 2 cast, place the reinforcing bar 17 that is stained with grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20, make reinforcing bar 17 be in the center of concrete ground beam 2, continue deposit concrete then to the 20cm height.To backfill geosyncline after the concrete curing.Deposit concrete earth anchor 19, the steel reinforcement cage in the earth anchor 19 well overlaps with ground beam steel 17, thereby realizes grade beam 2 two ends fixed constraints.Draw the Signal connector of 20 groups of grade beam fiber-optic grating sensors at an end of grade beam 2; Signal connector is connected with optical cable 5, signal is guided to the monitoring station by optical cable 5.
The landslide to the thrust monitoring device of pipeline as shown in Figure 8, soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 outputs that are the 13 pairs of pipeline 14 thrusts monitorings in landslide connect 6 inputs of light switch, 6 outputs of light switch connect 7 inputs of grating demodulation instrument, and the output of grating demodulation instrument connects on-the-spot host computer 8.And the fiber-optic grating sensor of the 13 pairs of pipeline 14 thrusts monitorings of coming down adopts fiber grating encapsulation soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4; Soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 is fixed on the pipeline 14 by soil pressure cell support 21, and soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 is experienced the glide direction of the sensitive area of pressure towards landslide 13.The pressure of soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 measurements is exactly the positive thrust of the 13 pairs of pipelines 14 in landslide like this.
The landslide to the construction method of the thrust monitoring device of pipeline as shown in Figure 8, soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 is fixed on the pipeline 14 by soil pressure cell support 21, and soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 is experienced the glide direction of the sensitive area of pressure towards landslide 13.The pressure of soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 measurements is exactly the positive thrust of the 13 pairs of pipelines 14 in landslide like this.Soil pressure cell support 21 is made up of two circular arc steel plate clips, wherein is welded with base on one section circular arc steel plate, and soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 embeds in the base, and keeps certain allowance, makes soil pressure cell energy Free Transform.The clamp connection part 23 at soil pressure cell support 21 two ends connects by nut.When slide in landslide 13, the thrust of the 13 pairs of soil pressure cells in landslide can be measured by soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4, and this measured value deducts the soil body gravity pressure that soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 bears, and is the thrust that landslide 13 distortion produce pipeline 14.
This installs single pass electric principle as shown in Figure 3, the PC joint of the soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4 that 13 pairs of pipeline 14 thrusts that come down are monitored is connected with the PC joint of light switch 6 with optical fiber, the R232 of light switch 6 directly connects the R232 of bit machine 8, the PC joint of light switch 6 connects the CH1 end of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125, and the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125 connects the LAN port of bit machine 8.
The monitoring device of body stress such as Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10, be respectively to arrange pipeline monitoring cross section, arrange evenly that in the periphery in each monitoring cross section of pipeline 14 3 body fiber- optic grating sensors 3 and 3 body fiber-optic grating sensors 3 are arranged on the plane with pipeline 14 axis normal in the both sides of the edge and the center on landslide on landslide.3 outputs of body fiber-optic grating sensor connect 6 inputs of light switch, and 6 outputs of light switch connect fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 inputs, and the output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 connects on-the-spot host computer 8.
The electric principle of this device as shown in Figure 3, the PC joint of body fiber-optic grating sensor 3 is connected with the PC joint of light switch 6 with optical fiber, the R232 of light switch 6 directly connects the R232 of bit machine 8, the PC joint of light switch 6 connects the CH1 end of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125, and the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125 connects the LAN port of bit machine 8.
The construction method of the monitoring device of body stress such as Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10 respectively arrange pipeline monitoring cross section in the both sides of the edge on the wide landslide 13 of 100m and the center on landslide, and the spacing in monitoring cross section is 50m.Evenly arrange that in the periphery in each monitoring cross section of pipeline 14 3 body fiber- optic grating sensors 3 and 3 body fiber-optic grating sensors 3 are arranged on the plane with pipeline 14 axis normal.When body fiber-optic grating sensor 3 is installed, scrape pipeline 14 anticorrosive coats fully off, and polishing pipeline 14 surfaces are pasted the body fiber-optic grating sensor with Instant cement 3 and are encapsulated 24 packaged body fiber-optic grating sensors 3 to smooth.After treating that three body fiber-optic grating sensor 3 paste Lists are good, the fibre that draws of body fiber-optic grating sensor 3 is caused ground in the lump, and protect.
Draw when pipeline 14 axially bears/during compressive stress, three body fiber-optic grating sensors 3 bear and draw/compressive strain; According to certain algorithm,, can obtain the size and the position of maximum strain on these pipeline 14 cross sections by this cross section three places strain.Based on the steel theory of elasticity, can obtain the size of maximum drawing/compressive stress on pipeline 14 cross sections.The selection in monitoring cross section is very important to monitoring effect.
A large amount of studies show that, the crucial performance of 13 pairs of pipeline 14 imposed stresses that come down just can be judged the acceptable stress state of pipeline 14 in the axial direction preferably to the measurement of pipeline 14 axial stresses.Therefore, the only axial strain of measuring channel 14 of body fiber-optic grating sensor 3.
In the above-mentioned monitoring device:
Fiber-optic grating sensor: select the fiber-optic grating sensor of design encapsulation voluntarily for use.
The light switch selects for use light to swell SUM-FSW;
The grating demodulation instrument is selected SM125 for use.
It is on-the-spot that the field monitoring station is arranged on the landslide, comprises optical Fiber Closure, connects optical cable 5, light switch 6, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, host computer 8, GPRS transport module 9; By the optical Fiber Closure of each fiber-optic grating sensor be connected optical cable 5 fiber-optic grating sensor of each position that will come down on 13 and receive the light switch 6 of monitoring station, 6 outputs of light switch connect fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 outputs connect bit machine 8, and host computer 8 outputs connect GPRS transport module 9.The optical Fiber Closure of each fiber-optic grating sensor be connected optical cable 5 and will come down and be transferred to the light switch 6 of monitoring station in the fiber-optic grating sensor set of signals of each position on 13, light switch 6 changes each channel signal successively to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates the centre wavelength displacement of each fiber-optic grating sensor and gives host computer 8, host computer 8 calculates the signal that each monitoring variable is defeated by GPRS transport module 9 and accepts GPRS transport module 9 automatically and controls, GPRS transport module 9 is transferred to the receiving terminal that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that host computer 8 calculates by public's cordless communication network, also can accept the signal of receiving terminal, send to next bit computer 11.
Wherein:
Light switch: select for use light to swell scientific and technological SUM-FSW;
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator: select SM125 for use;
Host computer and program: select for use and grind magnificent IPC-610, program is self-editing;
GPRS transport module: Siemens MC 35i
The receiving terminal that is positioned at office comprises following 2 parts:
(1) the GPRS receiver module 10, are used to receive the monitoring variable that field monitoring station GPRS transport module 9 sends, and are transferred to terminal next bit computer 11, send feedback command also can for on-the-spot GPRS transport module 9;
(2) next bit computer 11 and program are used for the signal of download terminal GPRS receiver module 10, and calling program analyzes automatically, and analysis result and alarming threshold value are compared, and implement in the time of necessary to report to the police;
(3) alarm 12, are used for when analysis result surpasses alarming threshold value the sound alarm signal taking place; Alarm 12 is by next bit computer 11 and programmed control.
The principle of work of this system is such, when slide in landslide 13, the deviational survey pipe 1 that is embedded in 13 deeps, landslide come down 13 soil body thrusts and the strain that bends, deviational survey pipe fiber-optic grating sensor 16 on the deviational survey pipe 1 is experienced stretching strain, by calculating the horizontal shift that can draw on the deviational survey pipe, the horizontal shift in 13 deeps of promptly coming down; The grade beam 2 that is embedded in landslide 13 shallow table portions produces extension strain in the process of bearing landslide 13 thrusts, grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 on the grade beam 2 is experienced stretching strain, by calculate can draw the grade beam level to Displacements Distribution, the horizontal shift of the table portion that promptly comes down distributes; Come down in 13 active procedures, pipeline 14 bears landslide 13 thrusts and body 14 strain variation takes place, and measures by body fiber-optic grating sensor 3; On the surface of contact on pipeline 14 and landslide 13, the thrust of the 13 pairs of pipelines 14 in landslide is measured by soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor 4.
By connecting optical cable 5, the sensor signal concentration of transmissions that the landslide is gone up each position is to light switch 6, light switch 6 changes each channel signal successively to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each sensor wavelength centre wavelength displacement and sensing is given host computer 8, host computer 8 is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically with the centre wavelength displacement that (FBG) demodulator demodulates, as 13 the deep displacement of coming down, the table position is moved, the body maximum strain, interface thrust etc., and monitoring variable sent to on-the-spot GPRS transport module 9, GPRS transport module 9 is transferred to terminal GPRS receiver module 10 by public's cordless communication network with signal, terminal GPRS receiver module 10 sends to terminal next bit computer 11, terminal next bit computer 11 provides warning with each monitoring variable and alarming threshold value contrast in the time of necessary.
Wherein:
GPRS receiver module 10: select Siemens MC 35i for use;
Alarm 12: select Bosch DS-7400 for use.
The system that makes up with said method is when monitoring, if slide in landslide 13, the grade beam 2 that is embedded in landslide 13 shallow table portions produces extension strain in the process of bearing landslide 13 thrusts, grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor 20 on the grade beam 2 is experienced stretching strain, by calculate can draw grade beam 2 levels to Displacements Distribution, the horizontal shift of the 13 table portions that promptly come down distributes; Come down in 13 active procedures, pipeline 14 bears landslide 13 thrusts and body 14 strain variation takes place, and measures by body fiber-optic grating sensor 3; On the surface of contact on pipeline 14 and landslide 13, the thrust of the 13 pairs of pipelines 14 in landslide is by 4 measurements of encapsulation soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor; Thus, just can intactly measure various stress suffered on the pipeline 14.
Through monitoring for a long time, this example is easy to make up monitoring system, is easy to realize the real-time automatic collecting analysis and the long-range issue of pipeline landslide 13 combined monitoring data, and remote live is reported to the police automatically.Avoided loaded down with trivial details artificial image data, reduced time of fire alarming, this to the pipeline emergency measure take most important.
Claims (4)
1. monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement method, it is characterized in that with monitoring be divided into the landslide surface displacement monitoring, three parts are monitored to the thrust monitoring and the pipeline strain of pipeline in the landslide:
The landslide surface displacement monitoring method is: bury an elongate concrete grade beam (2) at landslide (13) table portion underground certain depth underground perpendicular to landslide (13) deformation direction, and grade beam (2) two ends fixed constraint, on the axial direction of concrete ground beam (2) center reinforcing bar (17), paste the sensor groups encapsulation bare area beam fiber-optic grating sensor (20) be composed in series, each sensor draw fine welding after be connected to connection optical fiber; Draw the Signal connector of fiber-optic grating sensor group at an end of grade beam (2); Signal connector is connected with optical cable (5), signal is guided to the monitoring station by optical cable (5); In the monitoring station, host computer (8) calls self-editing program, controls fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (17), finishes the real-time automatic collecting of data; Be implemented in soil deformation and cause elongate concrete grade beam (2) when deforming, the degree and the position of the elongation strain of monitoring grade beam (2);
The landslide to the thrust monitoring method of pipeline is: with being fixed on sensitive area that encapsulation soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor (4) on the pipeline (14) and soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor (4) the experience pressure glide direction measuring pressure towards landslide (13); The pressure measured of soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor (4) (13) positive thrust that comes down exactly like this to pipeline;
The pipeline strain monitoring method is: on the pipeline (14) of the center on both sides of the edge of (13), landslide and landslide, evenly arrange pipeline (14) monitoring cross section, and the spacing in monitoring cross section should not surpass 60m; On each monitoring cross section of pipeline (14), evenly arrange 3 body strain fiber-optic grating sensors (3), the axial strain of monitoring pipeline (14).
2. monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement system of monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that landslide surface displacement monitoring device, landslide the receiving terminal of the thrust monitoring device of pipeline, pipeline strain monitoring device, field monitoring station, office being made of; The automatic light switch (6) that connects the field monitoring station is respectively exported to the soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor (4) of the thrust monitoring device of pipeline and the body fiber-optic grating sensor (3) of pipeline strain monitoring device in the grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor (20), the landslide that are installed in the landslide surface displacement monitoring device of the on-the-spot landslide depth displacement monitoring device on come down interior or the pipeline with certain version, automatically light switch (6) output connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7), and the output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) also connects the input of bit machine (8); The output of host computer (8) connects GPRS transport module (9), connects the input of next bit computer (11), the output device taking alarm (12) and the display of next bit computer (11) by the receiving terminal GPRS receiver module (10) of office.
3. monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement according to claim 2 system, the electric principle that it is characterized in that this system is: monitor landslide surface displacement respectively, the landslide is to three fiber-optic grating sensors--the grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor (20) of the thrust and the pipeline strain of pipeline, soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor (4), the PC joint of body fiber-optic grating sensor (3) is connected with (PC) joint of light switch (6) with optical fiber, (R232) of light switch (6) directly connects (R232) of bit machine (8), (PC) joint of light switch (6) connects (CH1) end of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) SM125, (LAN) port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) SM125 connects (LAN) port of bit machine (8), (R232) port of host computer (8) connects (R232) port of GPRS transport module (9) Siemens MC 35i, GPRS transport module (9) is through antenna GSM, GPRS network, received next bit computer (11) is received in the back by (R232) (R232) by GPRS receiver module (10) antenna GSM, the output of next bit computer (11) is by (R232) device taking alarm (12) DS-7400 (R232), and the output of next bit computer (11) is by (VGA) end of (VGA) termination display;
Monitoring landslide surface displacement, landslide are defeated by host computer (8) to the output signal of three fiber-optic grating sensors-grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor (20) of the thrust and the pipeline strain of pipeline, soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor (4), body fiber-optic grating sensor (3) through the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) fiber grating (7) demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor; Host computer (8) calculates the signal that each monitoring variable is defeated by GPRS transport module (9) and accepts GPRS transport module (9) automatically and controls, GPRS transport module (9) is transferred to the receiving terminal GPRS receiver module (10) that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that host computer (8) calculates by public's cordless communication network, also can accept the signal of receiving terminal, after sending to next bit computer (11) processing, report to the police by the display demonstration and by alarm (12).
4. construction method as the monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement system of monitoring and warning pipeline landslide surface displacement system as described in the claim 2 is characterized in that its construction method is as follows:
The construction method of landslide surface displacement monitoring device is:
Excavate out a geosyncline on the face of land, landslide, the bearing of trend of geosyncline is perpendicular to landslide (13) deformation direction; Cast gravelstone concrete ground beam (2) in geosyncline; Zone, non-landslide at grade beam (2) two ends, the concrete earth anchor (19) of cast fixing concrete grade beam (2); Steel reinforcement cage in the concrete earth anchor (19) and the good overlap joint of ground beam steel (17) make grade beam (2) two ends fixed constraint; With welding manner connecting reinforcement (17), the length of reinforcing bar (17) wants to cross over landslide (13) width of monitoring section; Go up stickup encapsulation bare area beam fiber-optic grating sensor (20) at reinforcing bar (17), with the sealing of foam seal glue; Grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor (20) sticks on the axial direction of reinforcing bar (17); Adopt the mode of series connection to form sensor groups, each grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor (20) draw fine welding after be connected to connection optical fiber; Grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor (20) equidistantly connects, and at the key area of Landslide Deformation, encrypts and arranges grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor (20); Draw the Signal connector of grade beam fiber-optic grating sensor (20) group at an end of grade beam (2); Signal connector is connected with optical cable (5), signal is guided to the monitoring station by optical cable (5);
The landslide to the construction method of the thrust monitoring device of pipeline is:
Soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor (4) is fixed on the pipeline (14) by soil pressure cell support (21), and soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor (4) is experienced the glide direction of the sensitive area of pressure towards landslide (13); Soil pressure cell support (21) is made up of two circular arc steel plate clips, wherein is welded with base on one section circular arc steel plate, and soil pressure cell fiber-optic grating sensor (4) embeds in the base, and keeps certain allowance, makes soil pressure cell energy Free Transform; The clamp connection part (23) at soil pressure cell support (21) two ends connects by nut;
The construction method of body monitor for stress is:
Respectively arrange pipeline monitoring cross section in the both sides of the edge on landslide and the center on landslide, and the spacing in monitoring cross section should not surpass 60m; Periphery in each monitoring cross section of pipeline (14) is evenly arranged 3 body fiber-optic grating sensors (3), and 3 body fiber-optic grating sensors (3) are arranged on the plane with pipeline (14) axis normal; When body fiber-optic grating sensor (3) is installed, scrape pipeline (14) anticorrosive coat fully off, and polishing pipeline (14) surface is pasted body fiber-optic grating sensor encapsulation (24) packaged body fiber-optic grating sensors (3) to smooth with Instant cement; After treating that three body fiber-optic grating sensors (3) paste List is good, the fibre that draws of body fiber-optic grating sensor (3) is caused ground in the lump, and protect.
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