CN103939748B - Underground piping based on fiber-optic grating sensor leakage early warning system and method thereof - Google Patents

Underground piping based on fiber-optic grating sensor leakage early warning system and method thereof Download PDF

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CN103939748B
CN103939748B CN201410157613.6A CN201410157613A CN103939748B CN 103939748 B CN103939748 B CN 103939748B CN 201410157613 A CN201410157613 A CN 201410157613A CN 103939748 B CN103939748 B CN 103939748B
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fiber
grating sensor
optic grating
underground piping
sensor
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CN103939748A (en
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赵华泽
解思亮
赵洪波
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QINGDAO HOUKE CHEMICAL CO Ltd
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QINGDAO HOUKE CHEMICAL CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of underground piping based on fiber-optic grating sensor leakage early warning system and method thereof; the fiber-optic grating sensor including underground piping, being fixed on underground piping outer wall and the transmission cable being connected with fiber-optic grating sensor; transmission cable is arranged with protection sleeve pipe; protection sleeve bottom outer wall is provided with gauge hole; fiber-optic grating sensor is stretched out outside protection sleeve pipe by gauge hole, and is fixed on underground piping outer wall;The position corresponding at each fiber-optic grating sensor arranges Jiao Jing, it is simple to change and safeguard fiber-optic grating sensor and transmission cable.Fiber-optic grating sensor is made up of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and fiber-optical grating temperature sensor connecting, monitor strain and the temperature of underground piping outer wall in each monitoring point simultaneously, incident of leakage is carried out two dimension reaction, the leakage hidden danger more accurate and effective to monitoring underground pipe network.

Description

Underground piping based on fiber-optic grating sensor leakage early warning system and method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of underground piping leakage early warning system, particularly relate to a kind of based on fiber-optic grating sensor Underground piping leakage early warning system, for underground piping leakage situation realizes accurate automatic early-warning, and is conveniently replaceable and ties up Protect whole system.
Background technology
Along with social economy and the raising of living standards of the people, various buildings get more and more, the water supporting with it, The underground pipings such as pipeline, electric wire and communications optical cable such as electricity, warm, combustion gas extend everywhere in underground.Build again for preventing or Burying underground when other facilities excavate trench and dig the embedded objects such as the pipe of disconnected underground, line, the applicant applied on November 25th, 2004 The utility model patent that Authorization Notice No. is CN2745074Y " underground piping mark band ", when excavator excavates downwards, first The meeting first dug is mark band, can be according to the relevant information handled of the underground piping of mark on mark band after discovery, therefore Underground piping can be protected, and will not cause economic loss because digging bad underground piping, it is ensured that people produce, life normally enter OK.
But, this mark band can only show have underground piping when digging underground piping herein, it is impossible to burying If the type Use etc. that the specifying information of thing such as buries time, the degree of depth, the concrete shape of cross pipe-line or underground piping underground is known Not and location, it is impossible to realize transparent, " visually " ground intelligent management.For solving this problem, the applicant is in Shen on April 18th, 2012 The please utility model patent of Authorization Notice No. CN201892750U " underground installation identity device and mark system ", including paving It is located at the mark band between underground piping top and earth's surface and chip, chip stores specification there are the various data of intercommunity, As buried the information of ditch underground;The information of underground piping self;Distance between the time of burying underground of underground piping, the depth of burying, pipeline and Position, concrete crossing instances etc., and realize the identification to underground piping by monitoring device, hand over computer network presenting information Change and share, to reach the transparent management to underground piping.But in application process, find that this technology there is also following deficiency:
Underground piping due to product quality, laying technology, naturally damaged and anthropic factor caused leak, leak gas, Leakage of oil, drain conditions, every day, this device can not emit leakage in buried pipeline primary to be carried out period automatically all in generation in various degree Early warning.
Leakage that existing various buried pipeline causes because of a variety of causes and booster all can by being embedded in below pipeline or The various electrical sensor monitors being additional to outside pipeline find.Such as, the leakage of the pipeline that monitoring is embedded in underground can be by pipe Whether the pressure differential of the pressure sensor monitoring pipe ends at two ends, road has leakage to occur in the middle of finding.Due to cost, Being generally of a certain distance between two sensing equipments, institute cannot provide accurate leak position by this way.Other one Kind of scheme is to realize leakage monitoring by the electric transducer outside applied to pipeline.These make the scheme of power demand sensor be required for Solve as to be embedded in the problem that the electric transducer of underground is powered, at present, can only be realized by battery, safeguard very inconvenient.No Only such, owing to the underground pipings such as oil and gas pipes belong to inflammable and explosive kind equipment, electric sensor is at buried pipes such as oil and gas pipes There is the safety factorss such as explosion-proof in the application in road, and also exist easily by electromagnetic signal interference, signal can not teletransmission, system dependability The problem such as low.
Buried pipeline leakage can cause the temperature around leakage point and the original temperature of itself and pipeline along the line other The change of local temperature, thus quick to temperature of optical cable can be utilized by laying sensing optic cable in the lower section of buried pipeline Sense carrys out monitoring leakage.Although using difficult in maintenance the asking that optical cable does not has the power supply of electric transducer to cause as the scheme of sensor Topic, but this scheme can only monitor whether pipeline has the problem of leakage, and the change such as STRESS VARIATION of pipeline itself can not be monitored Cause, etc. factor, the change that the quality of pipeline self occurs, thus prevent trouble before it happens.
Fiber grating is a kind of novel passive sensing device, not by electromagnetic interference, can be used to detect strain, stress, The parameter such as temperature, vibration, have that volume is little, light weight, fire-proof and explosion-proof, the advantages such as quasi-distributed measurement and electric insulation can be realized; On the other hand, fiber grating also has a place being substantially better than other Fibre Optical Sensor, it is simply that the biography of fiber-optic grating sensor Sense signal is wavelength-modulated, measure signal not by light source fluctuating, bending loss of optical fiber, junction loss, wavelength-division can be conveniently used Multiplex technique mouth, therefore fiber-optic grating sensor is highly suitable for field of petrochemical industry.
In February, 2007 publication article in " laser technology " the 1st phase of volume 31 " applies the fiber grating temperature at oil-gas pipeline Degree strain sensing system " in, at ENTRANCE and exit, one fiber-optical grating temperature sensor is respectively installed, in station, installs one Pressure transducer, it is thus achieved that the variable quantity of oil-gas pipeline Crude Oil pressure and temperature, thus according to different strains and temperature value, The measures such as corresponding temperature-pressure or decompression are taked, it is ensured that crude oil is outer defeated smoothly at petroleum pipeline in standing;But this system is only Situation when oil gas is revealed the most in a large number can be found, be unable to forecast in time at the leakage initial stage;In October, 2013 publication " is passing Sense Technology " article " oil-gas pipeline based on the short grid region fiber-optic grating sensor corrosion on-line checking of the 10th phase of volume 26 Systematic study " in, at oil-gas pipeline outer surface circumferentially laying optical fiber grating strain transducer, monitoring oil-gas pipeline circumference should Become, thus monitor oil-gas pipeline corrosion condition, prevent crude oil leakage.But each is simply measured point and carries out list by this system One temperature monitoring or single strain monitoring, Monitoring Data is the most single, and rate of false alarm is higher.Authorization Notice No. is By light in the Chinese invention patent " a kind of optical fiber grating sensing testing system for oil-gas pipeline detection " of ZL03137597.9 Fiber grating sensor and Transmission Fibers embedment oil-gas pipeline tube wall carry out the monitoring of underground piping, but this system works as optical fiber When grating sensor or Transmission Fibers break down, will be unable to change, caused oil-gas pipeline reusable to ask Topic.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the deficiency that prior art exists, and each can be supervised by technical problem to be solved for providing one Measuring point carries out temperature and strain monitoring simultaneously, improves Leak Detection degree of accuracy, and is conveniently replaceable fiber-optic grating sensor and biography Lose underground piping leakage early warning system and the method thereof of cable.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of underground piping based on fiber-optic grating sensor leakage early warning system, including underground piping, be fixed on described Fiber-optic grating sensor on underground piping outer wall and the transmission cable being connected with described fiber-optic grating sensor, described optical fiber Grating sensor constitutes Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array;Described bushing type underground piping leakage early warning system also includes broadband light Source, optic fiber grating wavelength (FBG) demodulator and long-range monitoring and alarm terminal, described wideband light source is described fiber-optic grating sensor Thering is provided light source, described optic fiber grating wavelength (FBG) demodulator receives and analyzes the centre wavelength of described fiber-optic grating sensor reflection, and It is sent to described long-range monitoring and alarm terminal;It is characterized in that: outside described transmission cable, be arranged with protection sleeve pipe, described protection Sleeve bottom outer wall is provided with gauge hole, and described fiber-optic grating sensor stretches out described protection sleeve pipe by described gauge hole Outward, and then be fixed on described underground piping outer wall.
As a further improvement on the present invention, it is provided with cellar for storing things in the position that fiber-optic grating sensor each described is corresponding Well, described Jiao Jing extends described underground piping side so that can carry out described fiber-optic grating sensor in the well of described cellar for storing things Install and disassembling section.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described fiber-optic grating sensor includes fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and optical fiber Grating temperature sensor, described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and fiber-optical grating temperature sensor use and the mode that connects connects, and It is packaged into one.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described underground piping leakage early warning system also includes isolator, bonder, light Switch, the outfan of described wideband light source is connected with the input of described isolator, the outfan of described isolator and described coupling The input of clutch is connected, and the outfan of described bonder is connected with described photoswitch, and the most described bonder is by described biography Losing cable to be connected with described Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array, described photoswitch is connected with described optic fiber grating wavelength (FBG) demodulator, institute State optic fiber grating wavelength (FBG) demodulator to be connected with alarm terminal with described long-range monitoring by the way of wired or wireless.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the fixed position of described fiber-optic grating sensor be described underground piping every At one segment distance, or in the following position or combinations thereof: the upstream end of described underground piping, joining place, Become at the place of connecing, slope change, corner, infall, railway and the road place of passing through and emphasize especially to locate.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the material of described protection sleeve pipe can be resin material or other can protect The material of transmission cable.
The invention also discloses and a kind of apply above-mentioned underground piping based on fiber-optic grating sensor leakage early warning system Method, comprises the steps:
A. at the outer sheathed protection sleeve pipe of transmission cable, described protection sleeve bottom outer wall is provided with gauge hole, described light Fiber grating sensor is stretched out outside described protection sleeve pipe by described gauge hole, and then is fixed on described underground piping outer wall;
B. it is provided with Jiao Jing, described Jiao Jing to extend to describedly in the position that fiber-optic grating sensor each described is corresponding Lower pipeline side so that described fiber-optic grating sensor can be installed and disassembling section in the well of described cellar for storing things;
C. break down when needing repair and replacement when fiber-optic grating sensor and/or transmission cable part, can be first in fault Fiber-optic grating sensor is disassembled from underground piping outer wall by each Jiao Jingchu that optical cable is corresponding, then at fault optical cable Transmission cable is pulled out in protection sleeve pipe in the cellar for storing things well at two ends, after more finishing changing again from opposite direction by transmission cable tractive to accordingly Position, can recover whole system.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Fiber-optic grating sensor the most of the present invention is the group of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and fiber-optical grating temperature sensor Close, monitor strain and the temperature of underground piping outer wall in each monitoring point simultaneously, incident of leakage is carried out two dimension reaction, to prison Survey the leakage hidden danger more accurate and effective of underground pipe network.
Underground piping the most of the present invention leakage early warning system can be by Jiao Jing easily to fiber-optic grating sensor or biography Losing cable be replaced and safeguard, system utilization rate is high.
3. fiber-optic grating sensor is a kind of fiber optic passive device, has electromagnetism interference, corrosion-resistant, lightweight, intensity High, high temperature resistant, life-span length, without junction loss, can the good characteristic such as long-distance transmissions;And fiber grating lightly softness can make Grating string, can build the multiple sensing network structures such as dot matrix, face battle array and body battle array according to different measuring requirement, by with optic communication The wavelength-division multiplex of system, time-division multiplex technology combine and can build multiple spot multizone sensor-based system, it is achieved the intelligence of sensor-based system Change, compared with tradition electrical sensor installation, save a large amount of cable and operating expenses.
Accompanying drawing explanation
With detailed description of the invention, the present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the part-structure schematic diagram of early warning system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure top view of early warning system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of fiber-optic grating sensor in early warning system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the theory diagram of early warning system of the present invention.
In figure: 1: underground piping;2: fiber-optic grating sensor;21: fiber Bragg grating strain sensor;22: fiber grating temperature Degree sensor;3: transmission cable;4: protection sleeve pipe;5: gauge hole;6: Jiao Jing;7: wideband light source;8: isolator;9: coupling Device;10: photoswitch;11: optic fiber grating wavelength (FBG) demodulator.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by embodiment, and combine accompanying drawing, technical scheme is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of underground piping based on fiber-optic grating sensor leakage early warning system, including underground piping 1, It is fixed on the fiber-optic grating sensor 2 on underground piping 1 outer wall and the transmission cable 3 being connected with fiber-optic grating sensor 2, light Fiber grating sensor 2 forms Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array;Protection sleeve pipe 4 it is arranged with, bottom protection sleeve pipe 4 outside transmission cable 3 Outer wall is provided with gauge hole 5, and fiber-optic grating sensor 2 is stretched out outside protection sleeve pipe 4 by gauge hole 5, and is fixed on underground On pipeline 1 outer wall;It is illustrated in figure 2 the structure top view of native system, in the position that each fiber-optic grating sensor 2 is corresponding Place arrange cellar for storing things well 6, cellar for storing things well 6 extend to underground piping 1 side, cellar for storing things well 6 in fiber-optic grating sensor 2 can be carried out install and Dismounting;When transmission cable 3 part break down need repair and replacement time, can will transmit light in the cellar for storing things well 6 at fault optical cable two ends Cable 3 from protection sleeve pipe 4 in pull-out, after more finishing changing again from opposite direction by transmission cable 3 tractive to relevant position, use this kind of device And method, can be convenient for changing and safeguard fiber-optic grating sensor 2 and transmission cable 3.
The material of protection sleeve pipe 4 can be resin material or other can protect the material of transmission cable 3.Protection sleeve pipe 4 Arrange transmission cable 3 can be protected not damaged by external environment, and be conveniently replaceable and safeguard transmission cable 3 and fiber grating Sensor 2.
As it is shown on figure 3, the fiber-optic grating sensor 2 of the present invention is by fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 21 and fiber grating temperature The combined sensor of degree sensor 22 composition, wherein fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 21 is with fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 22 also Connect together, be packaged into one.Monitor strain and the temperature of underground piping outer wall, to incident of leakage in each monitoring point simultaneously Carry out two dimension reaction, the leakage hidden danger more accurate and effective to monitoring underground pipe network.
As shown in Figure 4, underground piping of the present invention leakage early warning system also include wideband light source 7, isolator 8, bonder 9, Photoswitch 10 and optic fiber grating wavelength (FBG) demodulator 11, the outfan of wideband light source 7 is connected with the input of isolator 8, isolation The outfan of device 8 is connected with the input of bonder 9, and the outfan of bonder 9 is connected with photoswitch 10, and bonder 9 leads to simultaneously Cross transmission cable 3 to be connected with Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array, multichannel Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array, light can be simultaneously connected with Switch 10 is connected with optic fiber grating wavelength (FBG) demodulator 11, optic fiber grating wavelength (FBG) demodulator 11 by the way of wired or wireless with far Range monitoring is connected with alarm terminal.Described wideband light source 7 provides light source, described optic fiber grating wavelength for fiber-optic grating sensor 2 (FBG) demodulator 7 receives the centre wavelength of fiber-optic grating sensor 2 reflection, and is analyzed.
The fixed position of fiber-optic grating sensor 2 can be described underground piping 1 at a segment distance, such as every At 500m, or in the effective distance sensing of optical fiber, the most appropriately designed supervision density, as long as passing at fiber grating The corresponding position of sensor 2 arranges Jiao Jing;Can also be arranged in following position or combinations thereof: institute State at the upstream end of underground piping 1, joining place, the change place of connecing, slope change, corner, infall, railway and road pass through and sentence And emphasize place especially.
The fixed form of fiber-optic grating sensor 2 can use industrial universal connected mode, such as adhesive type: first will The protective layer on underground piping 1 surface, heat-insulation layer and anticorrosive coat are removed, and are polished smooth by pipe surface, use after cleaning is clean Packaged fiber grating is pasted underground piping 1 relevant position by glue, after having laid restores underground piping 1; Certainly, being also adopted by other simple and easy to do fixed forms, as snap-in etc., this is not restricted by the present embodiment.
The sensing early warning principle of the present invention is as follows:
When the light of wideband light source 7 arrives fiber-optic grating sensor 2 by isolator 8, bonder 9, optical fiber grating sensing Device 2 is by the reflection wherein narrow spectral component of wavelength centered by bragg wavelength.Fiber grating reflection kernel wavelength and medium refraction Rate is relevant, and when temperature, strain variation, centre wavelength also can change therewith.
Each fiber-optic grating sensor 2 is labeled with number, and each fiber-optic grating sensor 2 has the position oneself determined Putting, the light that each fiber-optic grating sensor 2 returns enters optic fiber grating wavelength (FBG) demodulator 11 and is remembered.
Can also use multi-region wavelength-division multiplex technique, this technology carries out subregion to underground piping 1, in same leakage early warning Subregion uses the fiber-optic grating sensor 2 that Prague center reflection wavelength is identical, uses Bradley at different leakage early warning subregions The fiber-optic grating sensor 2 that lattice center reflection wavelength is different, each monitored area is distributed complete same fiber grating in certain intervals Sensor 2, so, the temperature near either fiber grating sensor 2 changes, all can be by optic fiber grating wavelength (FBG) demodulator 11 Obtain, and determined the district location revealing generation by the difference of wavelength.When there is leakage in underground piping 1 such as petroleum pipeline, The stress that can cause underground piping 1 outer wall changes, and fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 21 will detect strain variation information, with Time leakage oil temperature also can be detected by fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 22, now fiber-optic grating sensor 2 reflection kernel Wavelength can produce corresponding change according to the change of both variablees, detects reflection kernel by optic fiber grating wavelength (FBG) demodulator 11 The change of wavelength, it is possible to indirect detection temperature, the change of strain, and by wired or wireless mode, early warning information is sent to Remotely monitoring and alarm terminal, thus cause warning.The method of this multi-region wavelength-division multiplex, considerably increase the measurement of system away from From and measure dot number, enable to be applied to the monitoring place of longer distance, be accurately finished fire alarm monitoring.
Embodiment 2:
The invention also discloses and a kind of apply above-mentioned underground piping based on fiber-optic grating sensor leakage early warning system Method, comprises the steps:
A. at the outer sheathed protection sleeve pipe 4 of transmission cable 3, described protection sleeve pipe 4 bottom outer wall is provided with gauge hole 5, institute State fiber-optic grating sensor 2 to be stretched out outside described protection sleeve pipe 4 by described gauge hole 5, and then be fixed on described underground piping 1 On outer wall;
B. the position in fiber-optic grating sensor each described 2 correspondence is provided with cellar for storing things well 6, and described cellar for storing things well 6 extends described Underground piping 1 side so that described fiber-optic grating sensor 2 can be installed and disassembling section in described cellar for storing things well 6;
C. break down when needing repair and replacement when fiber-optic grating sensor 2 and/or transmission cable 3 part, can be first in event Fiber-optic grating sensor 2 is disassembled, then in event from underground piping 1 outer wall by each cellar for storing things Jing6Chu that barrier optical cable is corresponding By transmission cable 3 pull-out in protection sleeve pipe 4 in the cellar for storing things well 6 at barrier optical cable two ends, after more finishing changing again from opposite direction by transmission cable 3 Tractive, to relevant position, can recover whole system.

Claims (4)

1. underground piping based on a fiber-optic grating sensor leakage early warning system, including underground piping (1), be fixed on described Fiber-optic grating sensor (2) on underground piping (1) outer wall and the transmission cable being connected with described fiber-optic grating sensor (2) (3), described fiber-optic grating sensor (2) constitutes Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array;Also include wideband light source (7), fiber grating ripple Long (FBG) demodulator (11) and remotely monitoring and alarm terminal, described wideband light source (7) is that described fiber-optic grating sensor (2) provides Light source, described optic fiber grating wavelength (FBG) demodulator (11) receives and analyzes the centre wavelength that described fiber-optic grating sensor (2) reflects, And it is sent to described long-range monitoring and alarm terminal;It is characterized in that: outside described transmission cable (3), be arranged with protection sleeve pipe (4), Described protection sleeve pipe (4) bottom outer wall is provided with gauge hole (5), and described fiber-optic grating sensor (2) passes through described sensor Described protection sleeve pipe (4) is stretched out outward in hole (5), and then is fixed on described underground piping (1) outer wall;
It is provided with Jiao Jing (6), described Jiao Jing (6) in the position that fiber-optic grating sensor each described (2) is corresponding and extends described Underground piping (1) side so that described fiber-optic grating sensor (2) can be installed and dismantle in described Jiao Jing (6) Operation;
Described fiber-optic grating sensor (2) includes fiber Bragg grating strain sensor (21) and fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (22), Described fiber Bragg grating strain sensor (21) and fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (22) use and even mode connects, and are packaged into one Body;
The material of described protection sleeve pipe (4) be resin material or other can protect the material of transmission cable (3).
Underground piping based on fiber-optic grating sensor the most according to claim 1 leakage early warning system, it is characterised in that: Also include isolator (8), bonder (9), photoswitch (10), the outfan of described wideband light source (7) and described isolator (8) Input is connected, and the outfan of described isolator (8) is connected with the input of described bonder (9), described bonder (9) defeated Going out end to be connected with described photoswitch (10), the most described bonder (9) is passed with described fiber grating by described transmission cable (3) Sensor array is connected, and described photoswitch (10) is connected with described optic fiber grating wavelength (FBG) demodulator (11), described optic fiber grating wavelength (FBG) demodulator (11) is connected with alarm terminal with described long-range monitoring by the way of wired or wireless.
Underground piping based on fiber-optic grating sensor the most according to claim 2 leakage early warning system, it is characterised in that: The fixed position of described fiber-optic grating sensor (2) be described underground piping (1) at a segment distance, or selected from bottom At in putting one or combinations thereof: at the upstream end of described underground piping (1), joining place, the change place of connecing, slope change, turn round Place, infall, railway and road pass through place.
4. apply claim l to leak early warning to the underground piping based on fiber-optic grating sensor described in 3 any one for one kind The method of system, comprises the steps:
A. in transmission cable (3) the most sheathed protection sleeve pipe (4), described protection sleeve pipe (4) bottom outer wall is provided with gauge hole (5), described fiber-optic grating sensor (2) stretches out described protection sleeve pipe (4) outward by described gauge hole (5), and then is fixed on On described underground piping (1) outer wall;
B. it is provided with Jiao Jing (6), described Jiao Jing (6) in the position that fiber-optic grating sensor each described (2) is corresponding to extend to Described underground piping (1) side so that described fiber-optic grating sensor (2) can be carried out in described Jiao Jing (6) install with Disassembling section;
C. break down when needing repair and replacement, first in fault when fiber-optic grating sensor (2) and/or transmission cable (3) part Fiber-optic grating sensor (2) is disassembled, then from underground piping (1) outer wall by each Jiao Jing (6) place that optical cable is corresponding In the Jiao Jing (6) at fault optical cable two ends, transmission cable (3) is pulled out in protection sleeve pipe (4), again from opposite direction after more finishing changing By transmission cable (3) tractive to relevant position, i.e. recover whole system.
CN201410157613.6A 2014-04-18 2014-04-18 Underground piping based on fiber-optic grating sensor leakage early warning system and method thereof Active CN103939748B (en)

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