CN201884069U - Oil-gas pipeline and pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system in mined-out collapse area - Google Patents
Oil-gas pipeline and pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system in mined-out collapse area Download PDFInfo
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- CN201884069U CN201884069U CN2010202807741U CN201020280774U CN201884069U CN 201884069 U CN201884069 U CN 201884069U CN 2010202807741 U CN2010202807741 U CN 2010202807741U CN 201020280774 U CN201020280774 U CN 201020280774U CN 201884069 U CN201884069 U CN 201884069U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an oil-gas pipeline and pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system in a mined-out collapse area, which is based on the fiber grating sensor technology; the monitoring section of an oil-gas pipeline a (2) of the mined-out collapse area (1) is provided with a pipeclay relative displacement sensor a (3) which is then connected with an optical cable a (5) led to a monitoring station through an optical fiber connection box a (4); in the monitoring station, the optical cable a (5) is connected with a photoswitch (6) which is connected with a fiber grating demodulator (7); the fiber grating demodulator (7) is connected with a lower computer (8); data pre-processed by the lower computer (8) are transmitted by a wireless communication module a (9); and a wireless communication module b (10) receives the date and sends the data to an upper computer (11). The monitoring system is high in spatial resolution, low in cost and safe and effective.
Description
Technical field
The utility model be a kind of based on fiber grating sensing technology adopt sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system, relate to measurement and the pipe-line system technical field of measuring stress, the measurement of temperature, similar linear dimension.
Background technology
The underground ore bed space that is formed by the exploitation back is called the goaf.Underground ore bed its rock stratum, top loses support by after the exploitation, and equilibrium conditions is destroyed, produces crooked, slump thereupon, so that develops into the surface subsidence distortion, causes surface subsidence, forms lowland.Along with the continuous expansion in goaf, lowland constantly develops and forms and adopt the sky subsidence area, so on the ground or underground building produce harm.Adopting the sky disaster of subsiding is to cause one of the principal mode of the geological disaster of human life's property loss.Length can reach thousands of kilometers apart from oil transportation or gas pipeline fed distance, often will pass inevitably and adopt the sky subsidence area.Owing to the reasons such as further exploitation of the insufficient or underground ore body of route selection, might in movable collapse basin, pass through at the pipeline of adopting the sky subsidence area, thereby make the safe operation of pipeline suffer serious threat.
Build up global article one crude oil pipeline as far back as the U.S. in 1865 and rise, the world has promptly entered into the epoch of pipeline operation, and pipeline then constantly occurs by the goaf problem.Stipulated " the NCB method " of prediction pipeline in " project handbook subsides " of coal council of Britain country in 1975 promulgation by the coal mine gob surface subsidence.1986, world pipeline research institute entrusts Battelle academy to study passing through stressed proterties of the pipeline of adopting the sky subsidence area and the method for preventing and treating, formed " the pipeline monitoring and the control in mining damage district " report (NG-18, No.155), this project system has been summed up and has been adopted the feature that sky subsides, analyzed the harm of goaf, developed corresponding stress calculation software, proposed subsidence area pipeline monitoring method pipeline.
Though China's pipeline cause is started late, but the pipeline industry of China be in flourish among, mostly that China is the western abundant petroleum gas of these pipelines is transported to the east of China, is stepping up to build and the energy conveyance conduit planned has many thousands of kilometers pipelines such as transfering natural gas from the west to the east, middle remote pipeline, blue Zheng's long pipeline.These pipelines are through many mineral goaf or following mining area.As 8 mining areas of transfer natural gas from the west to the east a spool line approach Shanxi, Shandong, Shaanxi, 4 provinces and regions, Ningxia, be subjected to the influence in the part goaf of 76 pit minings formation, the about 887.494km of total length, the goaf is in case form, to destroy face of land equilibrium conditions, cause face of land large tracts of land sinking, depression, crack or bring out secondary disasters such as landslide, avalanche, directly influence pipe safety; Shan crow natural gas line is adopted the sky subsidence area through 12 places on the way, and the about 12.6km of influenced total length constitutes significant threat to pipe safety production, and is wherein serious with reed Cao Gou subsidence area; Capital, Shan gas transmission line is by way of the shanxi coal mining area, and the long product pipeline Henan Section of blue Zheng, the big crude oil pipeline of iron etc. are also adopted disasters such as sky subsides easily.
In the face of numerous sky disasters of subsiding of adopting, though the pipeline operator of China has been taked positive engineering protection measure, but also there is the drawback of some in these measures, it at first is the cost height, next is that preventive works are not " putting things right once and for all " yet, the uncertain factor of design and construction is more, moreover cycle length and improvement that protection is administered are difficult for grasping opportunity.The monitoring then be a kind of efficiently, prophylactico-therapeutic measures cheaply.The international pipeline research institute of the U.S. (PRCI) will monitor pipeline and adopt the subside main mode of disaster of sky as control, and pipelines such as the transfering natural gas from the west to the east of China, capital, Shan line are gone into operation and then the goaf also effectively monitored.
Traditional goaf soil deformation adopts transit, level gauge, steel ruler, offset scale and methods such as total powerstation or GPS, the real-time of these methods is all relatively poor, all be that the face of land this existing phenomenon of having subsided is carried out result monitoring, be difficult to satisfy the requirement of goaf monitoring advanced prediction, long-term and real-time online.The monitoring of traditional pipeline strain is counted the master with electric resistance wire strain gauge, vibrating string type strain, and relatively poor aspect corrosion-resistant, anti-interference, stability also is difficult to meet the demands.The distributing optical fiber sensing technology of Xing Qiing (is representative with BOTDR) existing certain application aspect the body monitoring in recent years.
For adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes, the relative displacement of the pipeline and the soil body is a very important factor.Intensification along with the mining degree, adopt the continuous sinking of the sky subsidence area soil body, because the rigidity and the non-deformability of the body and the soil body are different, body is no longer consistent with the distortion and the sinking displacement of its below soil body, the pipeline below soil body will continue to sink, and finally separate with pipeline, and the conduit upper soil body be supported by body, be attached on the pipeline, thereby cause pipeline secretly outstanding.A large amount of studies show that, when pipeline was secretly outstanding, pipeline was subjected to the load maximum, and body is in very unsettled load-bearing state, and this state badly influences the safety of pipeline.Therefore monitor the relative displacement between the pipeline and the soil body, understand the correspondence position relation of the pipeline and the soil body in real time,, have great significance for accurate judgement pipe safety state.
Fiber grating is a fiber optic passive device with the fastest developing speed in recent years.It is a kind of space periodicity index distribution of utilizing the light sensitive characteristic of fiber optic materials to set up on the fibre core of optical fiber, its role is to change or control light in this regional dissemination mode.Except that have the anti-electromagnetic interference of ordinary optic fibre, size is little, in light weight, intensity is high, the characteristics such as high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, fiber grating also has its unique characteristic: be easy to little with optically-coupled, coupling loss, be easy to wavelength-division multiplex etc.Thereby make fiber grating wide prospect be arranged in fields such as optical-fibre communications and Fibre Optical Sensors.As a kind of emerging technology of photon research field, be that the sensing technology of pedestal sensor spare is subjected to common concern in recent years with the fiber grating, the various countries researcher actively develops relevant research work.At present, the physical quantity that the fiber-optic grating sensor of having reported can be monitored has: temperature, strain, pressure, displacement, pressure, torsional angle, moment of torsion (torsional stress), acceleration, electric current, voltage, magnetic field, frequency, concentration, coefficient of thermal expansion, vibration etc., the practical application of wherein a part of fiber grating sensing system.
Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) is simple, the most general a kind of fiber grating.It is that one section refractive index is periodically variable optical fiber, and its index modulation degree of depth and grating cycle generally all are constants.The variation of temperature, strain can cause the cycle and the change of refractive of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, thereby the reflectance spectrum of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and transmission spectrum are changed.The variation of reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum by the detection fiber Bragg grating just can obtain the information of corresponding temperature and strain, and Here it is measures the basic principle of temperature and strain with Fiber Bragg Grating FBG.
By coupled mode theory as can be known, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG can be coupled to another guided mode that transmits in opposite direction with a guided mode that wherein transmits and form narrowband reflection, peak reflectance wavelength (bragg wavelength) λ uniformly
BFor:
λ
B＝2n
effΛ (1)
In the formula: λ
BBe bragg wavelength; n
EffEffective refractive index for the spread fiber pattern; Λ is a grating pitch.
Can get the centre wavelength of grating and the relation of temperature and strain to formula (1) differential:
In the formula:
Coefficient of thermal expansion for optical fiber;
Thermo-optical coeffecient for fiber optic materials;
Elasto-optical coefficient for fiber optic materials.By formula (2) as can be known, strain is because the flexible and elasto-optical effect in Fiber Bragg Grating FBG cycle causes the variation of bragg wavelength, and temperature is because Fiber Bragg Grating FBG thermal expansion effects and thermo-optic effect cause the variation of bragg wavelength.
Fiber grating can be made into various senser elements, is used widely at sensory field.Compare with traditional electric transducer, fiber-optic grating sensor has own unique advantage: (1) sensing head is simple in structure, volume is little, in light weight, shape variable, be fit to imbed in the various large scale structures, but the stress of measurement structure inside, strain and structural damage etc., stability, good reproducibility; (2) and have natural compatibility between the optical fiber, easily be connected with optical fiber, the light loss consumption is low, spectral characteristic good, reliability is high; (3) have non-conducting, little to measured medium influence, have characteristics anticorrosive, anti-electromagnetic interference again, be adapted at working in the adverse circumstances; (4) light and handy soft, can in an optical fiber, write a plurality of gratings, constitute sensor array, combine with wavelength-division multiplex and time division multiplex system, realize distributed sensing; (5) metrical information is with Wavelength-encoding, thereby fiber-optic grating sensor is not subjected to the influence of factors such as light-intensity variation, optical fiber connection and coupling loss, the optical polarization variation of light source, the antijamming capability that tool is stronger; (6) high sensitivity, high degree of resolution.
Compare with widely used Brillouin light domain reflectometer BOTDR, the advantage of fiber-optic grating sensor has: (1) can accurately locate survey mark, the resolution ratio height; (2) cost is low; (3) can process, encapsulate transducing part, make it be more suitable for on-the-spot adverse circumstances.
Because these advantages, in the geotechnical engineering field, fiber-optic grating sensor is easy to imbed in the geotechnical body strain and the temperature to its inside and carries out high-resolution and large-range measuring, technical advantage is very obvious, especially be embodied in and obtain long-term, reliable geotechnical body deformation data, yet there are no the report that fiber grating sensing technology is used for goaf pipeclay relative displacement monitoring.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model be design a kind of spatial resolution height, cost low, adopt sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system based on the fiber grating real-time online safely and effectively.
What the utility model proposes a kind ofly adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system based on fiber grating sensing technology, be to adopting the subside monitoring of pipeline laying band pipeclay relative displacement of sky, fiber-optic grating sensor real time on-line monitoring and early warning are adopted in the pipeclay relative displacement.Can realize real-time automatic collecting, remote transmission and the analysis automatically of data.
The overall formation of adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system as shown in Figure 1.The mounting pipe soil phase is to displacement transducer a3 on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes a2 that adopts sky subsidence area 1, be connected with the optical cable a5 that causes the monitoring station by optical Fiber Closure a4 then, in the monitoring station, optical cable a5 is connected with photoswitch 6, photoswitch 6 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 is connected with slave computer 8, and slave computer 8 pretreated data are by GPRS communication module a9 transmission, and GPRS communication module b10 passes to host computer 11 after receiving.
The concrete body of adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system constitutes as shown in Figure 5, and this system is divided into on-site data gathering transmission system and long-range receiving and analyzing system.
The on-site data gathering transmission system comprises fiber grating displacement sensor, photoswitch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, slave computer, GPRS communication module, fiber grating displacement sensor output connects the input of photoswitch, the output of photoswitch connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, the output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the input of slave computer, and the output of slave computer connects the GPRS communication module.
Long-range receiving and analyzing system comprises that GPRS communication module, host computer, the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve dynamically show; The output of GPRS communication module connects the input of host computer, and the output of host computer connects the dynamically input of demonstration of the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve respectively.
Pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 passes to photoswitch 6 with the pipeclay relative displacement signal through optical cable a5, after fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulation reach slave computer 8, slave computer 8 calls self-editing program, and control photoswitch 6 and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 are realized the collection of data and data are carried out preliminary treatment; Pretreated data receive by GPRS communication module a9 transmission, GPRS communication module b10 and pass to host computer 11, and 11 pairs of data of host computer are carried out further analyzing and processing, judge the pipeclay relative displacement, and then judge the situation of subsiding of the goaf soil body.
As shown in Figure 3, pipeclay relative displacement transducer b16 be installed in oil and gas pipes b17 under, the selection of monitoring sectional position and quantity is decided according to the actual conditions of adopting sky subsidence area 1; In pipeline b17 bottom fiber grating displacement sensor b16 is installed, fiber grating displacement sensor b16 is connected by fastener with pipeline b17, fiber grating displacement sensor b16 can connect with strain transducer, also can cause optical Fiber Closure b19 by optical patchcord 18 separately, be connected with optical cable by optical Fiber Closure b19; Wherein the structure of fiber grating displacement sensor a3 as shown in Figure 2, the fiber grating displacement sensor a3 that imbeds in the soil with body is made up of mounting blocks 12, fiber grating 13, dynamometer link 14, load-bearing plate 15; Mounting blocks 12 connects into " worker " font by dynamometer link 14 and load-bearing plate 15, and fiber grating 13 is fixed on the dynamometer link 14; Load-bearing plate 15 is used to bear and stays soil body gravity, and fiber grating 13 is measured the strain that dynamometer links 14 take place, and is converted into displacement by corresponding relation; Mounting blocks 12 is convenient to being installed on the pipeline of sensor-robust; Wherein dynamometer link 14 is threaded with mounting blocks 12 with load-bearing plate 15, dynamometer link 14, and mounting blocks 12 is connected by fastener with pipeline.
The electric principle of this system as shown in Figure 6, the PC joint of fiber grating displacement sensor a3 is connected with the PC joint of photoswitch 6 with optical cable a5, the R232 of photoswitch 6 connects the R232 interface of slave computer 8, the PC joint of photoswitch 6 connects the PC interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125, the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125 connects the LAN port of slave computer 8, the output of slave computer 8 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display, the R232 port of slave computer 8 connects the R232 port of GPRS transport module a9 Siemens MC 35i, GPRS transport module a9 is through antenna GSM, GPRS network, received the R232 of host computer 11 after the GPRS receiver module b12 antenna GSM reception by R232, the output of host computer 11 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display.
The output signal of pipeclay relative displacement fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 through photoswitch 6, the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer 8, and the cycle of photoswitch 6 Continuity signals is by slave computer 8 controls.8 pairs of data of slave computer are carried out preliminary treatment, and the transfer of data after will handling is given GPRS transport module a9, GPRS transport module a9 is transferred to the host computer 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that slave computer 8 calculates by public's cordless communication network, host computer carries out analyzing and processing by self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
The measurement mechanism of pipeclay relative displacement monitoring device can pass through strain stress as shown in Figure 4
PUnderstand the situation of pipeclay relative displacement; When measuring strain stress
PWhen reaching threshold value and keeping constant, and show that body has been in vacant state;
The output signal of pipeclay relative displacement fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 through the photoswitch conducting, the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer 8, and the cycle of photoswitch 6 Continuity signals is by slave computer 8 controls.8 pairs of data of slave computer are carried out preliminary treatment, and the transfer of data after will handling is given GPRS transport module a9, GPRS transport module a9 is transferred to the host computer 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that slave computer 8 calculates by public's cordless communication network, host computer carries out analyzing and processing by self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
The field monitoring station is arranged on adopts near the valve chamber in sky subsidence area, comprises following a few part:
(1) optical Fiber Closure of monitoring station and each sensor be connected optical cable, be used for and will adopt the sensor signal concentration of transmissions of each position on the sky subsidence area to the monitoring station;
(2) photoswitch 6, and sky subsides and the sensor of pipeline is a lot of because monitoring is adopted, and signalling channel is numerous, can't once be connected on the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, with photoswitch 6 each channel signal changed successively to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 and analyzed;
(3) fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, are used to demodulate the centre wavelength displacement of each sensor;
(4) computer and program are used to control the frequency of (FBG) demodulator demodulation, and the centre wavelength displacement that (FBG) demodulator demodulates is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically, and these monitoring variables are sent to the GPRS communication module, and the signal that receives the GPRS communication module is controlled;
(5) GPRS communication module is used for each monitoring variable that computer calculates is transferred to the server that is positioned at office by cordless communication network, also can accept the signal of server, sends to computer.
The operating principle (see figure 5) of this system is: when adopting sky subsidence area 1 distortion, along with adopting constantly carrying out that sky subsides, the displacement between pipeline and its below soil body also changes, and measures by fiber grating displacement sensor a3.By connecting optical cable a5, to adopt the sensor signal concentration of transmissions of each position, sky subsidence area to photoswitch 6, photoswitch 6 changes each channel signal successively to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each sensor wavelength centre wavelength displacement and sensing is given slave computer 8, slave computer 8 is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically with the centre wavelength displacement that (FBG) demodulator demodulates, and monitoring variable sent to on-the-spot GPRS communication module a9, GPRS communication module a9 transmits signal by cordless communication network, transmit host computer 11 with GPRS communication module b10, host computer 11 provides warning with each monitoring variable and alarm threshold value contrast in the time of necessary.
The advantage of native system:
(1) subside feature and body and the interactional feature of the soil body that subsides that pipeline laying band (piping lane band) is adopted the complicated soil body in sky subsidence area have been disclosed; Adopt the sky subsidence area influence safe early warning of oil and gas pipes down with pipeclay relative displacement monitoring index;
(2) fiber grating sensing technology is applied to adopt sky subsidence area monitoring, this technology is anti-interference, corrosion-resistant, it is with the obvious advantage to be easy to networking etc.; This technology is easy to realize the remote auto real time on-line monitoring, and cost is lower;
(3) pipeclay relative displacement monitoring, adopt the feature of sky subsidence area according to the pipeline place, under each body monitoring cross section, 1 fiber grating displacement sensor is installed, be used to the relative displacement situation of monitoring body and underliing the soil body, judge the position that pipeclay relative displacement and body be whether unsettled and unsettled by the variation of monitor value, avoided distinguishing by the excavation pipe trench whether body is unsettled, carry out the selection on preventive works opportunitys effective foundation is provided for adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes, reduce the blindness of preventive works and saved pipeline running cost, also guaranteed simultaneously the security of operation of pipeline, the construction danger when having reduced the excavation checking;
(4) native system have automatically, continuously, characteristics timely, can accurately and timely grasp the stable state of adopting the sky subsidence area soil body, body safe condition and secretly outstanding state whether, can provide strong foundation the science decision on the improvement reinforcing of adopting the sky subsidence area and pipe safety protection opportunity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system pie graph
Fig. 2 displacement transducer pie graph
Fig. 3 pipeclay relative displacement sensing device figure
The measurement mechanism figure of Fig. 4 pipeclay relative displacement monitoring device
Fig. 5 adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes Fundamentals of Supervisory Systems figure
Fig. 6 adopts sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes monitoring system electrical schematic diagram
Wherein 1-adopts the sky 2-pipeline a that subsides
3-pipeclay relative displacement transducer a 4-optical Fiber Closure a
5-optical cable a 6-photoswitch
7-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 8-slave computer
9-GPRS communication module a 10-GPRS communication module b
11-host computer 12-mounting blocks
13-fiber grating 14-dynamometer link
15-load-bearing plate 16-pipeclay relative displacement transducer b
17-pipeline b 18-optical patchcord
19-optical Fiber Closure b
The specific embodiment
Embodiment. this example is an experimental technique and system, and it constitutes as Fig. 1-shown in Figure 6.One adopt adopt deeply that thickness rate is 10, exploitation length 15m, buried depth of pipeline 3m, duct length be that adopting on the sky subsidence area of 130m tested, pipe diameter is that 168mm, wall thickness are 6mm, grade of steel L245.
The overall formation of adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system as shown in Figure 1.The mounting pipe soil phase is to displacement transducer a3 on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes a2 that adopts sky subsidence area 1, be connected with the optical cable a5 that causes the monitoring station by optical Fiber Closure a4 then, in the monitoring station, optical cable a5 is connected with photoswitch 6, photoswitch 6 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 is connected with slave computer 8, and slave computer 8 pretreated data are by GPRS communication module a9 transmission, and GPRS communication module b10 passes to host computer 11 after receiving.
The concrete body of adopting sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system constitutes as shown in Figure 5, and this system is divided into on-site data gathering transmission system and long-range receiving and analyzing system.
The on-site data gathering transmission system comprises fiber grating displacement sensor, photoswitch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, slave computer, GPRS communication module, fiber grating displacement sensor output connects the input of photoswitch, the output of photoswitch connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, the output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the input of slave computer, and the output of slave computer connects the GPRS communication module.
Long-range receiving and analyzing system comprises that GPRS communication module, host computer, the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve dynamically show; The output of GPRS communication module connects the input of host computer, and the output of host computer connects the dynamically input of demonstration of the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve respectively.
Pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 passes to photoswitch 6 with the pipeclay relative displacement signal through optical cable a5, photoswitch 6 is after fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulation reach slave computer 8, slave computer 8 calls self-editing program, control photoswitch 6 and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 are realized the collection of data and data are carried out preliminary treatment; Pretreated data receive by GPRS communication module a9 transmission, GPRS communication module b10 and pass to host computer 11, and 11 pairs of data of host computer are carried out further analyzing and processing, judge the pipeclay relative displacement, and then judge the situation of subsiding of the goaf soil body.
As shown in Figure 3, pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 be installed in oil and gas pipes a2 under, the selection of monitoring sectional position and quantity is decided according to the actual conditions of adopting sky subsidence area 1; In pipeline c17 bottom fiber grating displacement sensor b16 is installed, fiber grating displacement sensor b16 is connected by fastener with pipeline c17, fiber grating displacement sensor b16 can connect with strain transducer, also can cause optical Fiber Closure b19 by optical patchcord 18 separately, be connected with optical cable by optical Fiber Closure b19; Wherein the structure of fiber grating displacement sensor a3 as shown in Figure 4, the fiber grating displacement sensor a3 that imbeds in the soil with body is made up of mounting blocks 12, fiber grating 13, dynamometer link 14, load-bearing plate 15; Mounting blocks 12 connects into " worker " font by dynamometer link 14 and load-bearing plate 15, and fiber grating 13 is fixed on the dynamometer link 14; Load-bearing plate 15 is used to bear and stays soil body gravity, and fiber grating 13 is measured the strain that dynamometer links 14 take place, and is converted into displacement by corresponding relation; Mounting blocks 12 is convenient to being installed on the pipeline of sensor-robust; Wherein dynamometer link 14 is threaded with mounting blocks 12 with load-bearing plate 15, dynamometer link 14, and mounting blocks 12 is connected by fastener with pipeline.
The electric principle of this system as shown in Figure 6, the PC joint of fiber grating displacement sensor a3 is connected with the PC joint of photoswitch 6 with optical cable a5, the R232 of photoswitch 6 connects the R232 interface of slave computer 8, the PC joint of photoswitch 6 connects the PC interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125, the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7SM125 connects the LAN port of slave computer 8, the output of slave computer 8 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display, the R232 port of slave computer 8 connects the R232 port of GPRS transport module a9 Siemens MC 35i, GPRS transport module a9 is through antenna GSM, GPRS network, received the R232 of host computer 11 after the GPRS receiver module b12 antenna GSM reception by R232, the output of host computer 11 is by the VGA end of VGA termination display.
The output signal of pipeclay relative displacement fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 through photoswitch 6, the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer 8, and the cycle of photoswitch 6 Continuity signals is by slave computer 8 controls.8 pairs of data of slave computer are carried out preliminary treatment, and the transfer of data after will handling is given GPRS transport module a9, GPRS transport module a9 is transferred to the host computer 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that slave computer 8 calculates by public's cordless communication network, host computer carries out analyzing and processing by self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
The measurement mechanism of pipeclay relative displacement monitoring device can pass through strain stress as shown in Figure 4
PUnderstand the situation of pipeclay relative displacement; When measuring strain stress
PWhen reaching threshold value and keeping constant, show that body has been in vacant state;
The output signal of pipeclay relative displacement fiber-optic grating sensor through photoswitch one by one conducting transfer to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer 8, and the cycle of photoswitch 6 Continuity signals is by slave computer 8 controls.8 pairs of data of slave computer are carried out preliminary treatment, and the transfer of data after will handling is given GPRS transport module a9, GPRS transport module a9 is transferred to the host computer 11 that is positioned at office with each monitoring variable that slave computer 8 calculates by public's cordless communication network, host computer carries out analyzing and processing by self-programmed software to data, is shown by display.
The field monitoring station is arranged on adopts near the valve chamber in sky subsidence area, comprises following a few part:
(1) optical Fiber Closure of monitoring station and each sensor be connected optical cable, be used for and will adopt the sensor signal concentration of transmissions of each position on the sky subsidence area to the monitoring station;
(2) photoswitch 6, and sky subsides and the sensor of pipeline is a lot of because monitoring is adopted, and signalling channel is numerous, can't once be connected on the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, with photoswitch 6 each channel signal changed successively to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 and analyzed;
(3) fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7, are used to demodulate the centre wavelength displacement of each sensor;
(4) computer and program are used to control the frequency of (FBG) demodulator demodulation, and the centre wavelength displacement that (FBG) demodulator demodulates is calculated as each monitoring variable automatically, and these monitoring variables are sent to the GPRS communication module, and the signal that receives the GPRS communication module is controlled;
(5) GPRS communication module is used for each monitoring variable that computer calculates is transferred to the server that is positioned at office by cordless communication network, also can accept the signal of server, sends to computer.
Wherein:
Fiber grating displacement sensor: select the fiber-optic grating sensor of design encapsulation voluntarily for use;
Photoswitch 6: select for use light to swell scientific and technological SUM-FSW;
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7: select SM125 for use;
GPRS transport module a9: Siemens MC 35i;
GPRS receiver module b10: select Siemens MC 35i for use.
The system that makes up with said method is when monitoring, and the relative displacement of adopting between sky subsidence area 1 and the oil and gas pipes a2 is monitored by pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3;
The signal that collects is done preliminary treatment by slave computer 8 after photoswitch 6, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 7 demodulation;
11 pairs of signals of host computer make further analysis and processing;
Adopting sky subsidence area pipeclay relative displacement change dynamics by host computer 11 outputs shows; And whether judgment data exceeds threshold value;
When pipeclay relative displacement value shows that then pipeline is in a safe condition during less than threshold value;
When reaching threshold value and keep constant, pipeclay relative displacement value carries out pipe safety prewarning.
If adopting the soil body of sky subsidence area 1 stays, the pipeline a2 that is embedded in soil body below is subjected to the effect of top soil body load and the strain that bends, because the pipeline a2 below soil body constantly subsides, be embedded in the pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 that adopts sky subsidence area 1 and in bearing the process of soil pressure, produce tensile strain, fiber grating 13 on the pipeclay relative displacement transducer a3 is experienced stretching strain, can draw pipeclay relative displacement and strain by calculating, promptly to judge the position that pipeline a2 is whether unsettled and unsettled.
Through monitoring for a long time, this example is easy to make up monitoring system, is easy to realize adopting the real-time automatic collecting analysis and the long-range issue of sky subsidence area 1 and pipeline a2 monitored data, and remote live is reported to the police automatically.Avoided loaded down with trivial details artificial image data, improved the precision of early warning, reduced time of fire alarming, can also accurately locate simultaneously place of alarm, this to the pipeline emergency measure take most important.
Claims (4)
1. adopt sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system for one kind, it is characterized in that the mounting pipe soil phase is to displacement transducer a (3) on the monitoring cross section of the oil and gas pipes a (2) that adopts sky subsidence area (1), be connected with the optical cable a (5) that causes the monitoring station by optical Fiber Closure a (4) then, in the monitoring station, optical cable a (5) is connected with photoswitch (6), photoswitch (6) is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7), fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) is connected with slave computer (8), slave computer (8) meets GPRS communication module a (9), and GPRS communication module b (10) connects host computer (11);
The fiber-optic grating sensor output signal of pipeclay relative displacement transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) through the photoswitch conducting, and the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer (8); Slave computer (8) is defeated by GPRS communication module a (9) with data, and GPRS communication module b (10) is transferred to the host computer (11) that is positioned at office by public's cordless communication network.
2. the sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system of adopting according to claim 1 is characterized in that this system is divided into on-site data gathering transmission system and long-range receiving and analyzing system;
The on-site data gathering transmission system comprises fiber grating displacement sensor, photoswitch, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, slave computer, GPRS module, fiber grating displacement sensor output connects the input of photoswitch respectively, the output of photoswitch connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, the output of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the input of slave computer, and the output of slave computer connects the GPRS module;
Long-range receiving and analyzing system comprises that GPRS module, host computer, the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve dynamically show; The output of GPRS module connects the input of host computer, and the output of host computer connects the dynamically input of demonstration of the reception of data-signal remote live, data signal analysis and processing, change curve respectively;
Pipeclay relative displacement transducer a (3) passes to photoswitch (6) with body strain and pipeclay relative displacement signal through optical cable a (5), photoswitch (6) is after fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) demodulation reaches slave computer (8), and slave computer (8) is controlled photoswitch (6) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7); Pretreated data receive by GPRS communication module a (9) transmission, GPRS communication module b (10) and pass to host computer (11).
3. the sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system of adopting according to claim 1 and 2, the electric principle that it is characterized in that this system is: the PC joint of fiber grating displacement sensor a (3) is connected with the PC joint of photoswitch (6) with optical cable a (5), the R232 of photoswitch (6) connects the R232 interface of slave computer (8), the PC joint of photoswitch (6) connects the PC interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) SM125, the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) SM125 connects the LAN port of slave computer (8), the output of slave computer (8) is by the VGA end of VGA termination display, the R232 port of slave computer (8) connects the R232 port of GPRS communication module a (9) Siemens MC 35i, GPRS communication module a (9) is line GSM incessanly, GPRS network, GPRS communication module b (10) receives the R232 of host computer (11) by R232, and the output of host computer (11) is by the VGA end of VGA termination display;
The output signal of the fiber-optic grating sensor of pipeclay relative displacement transfers to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) through photoswitch (6) conducting, the centre wavelength displacement that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (7) demodulates each fiber-optic grating sensor transfers to slave computer (8), and the cycle of photoswitch (6) Continuity signal is controlled by slave computer (8); Slave computer (8) carries out preliminary treatment to data, and the data after will handling are defeated by GPRS communication module a (9), and GPRS communication module a (9) is transferred to the host computer (11) that is positioned at office by public's cordless communication network.
4. the sky subsidence area oil and gas pipes pipeclay relative displacement monitoring system of adopting according to claim 1 and 2, the formation that it is characterized in that described fiber grating displacement sensor a (3) is: in pipeline b (17) bottom fiber grating displacement sensor a (3) is installed, fiber grating displacement sensor a (3) is connected by fastener with pipeline b (17), fiber grating displacement sensor a (3) or connect with strain transducer, or cause optical Fiber Closure b (19) by optical patchcord (18) separately, be connected with optical cable by optical Fiber Closure b (19);
Described fiber grating displacement sensor a (3) is made up of mounting blocks (12), fiber grating (13), dynamometer link (14), load-bearing plate (15); Mounting blocks (12) connects into " worker " font by dynamometer link (14) and load-bearing plate (15), and fiber grating (13) is fixed on the dynamometer link (14); Wherein dynamometer link (14) is threaded with mounting blocks (14) with load-bearing plate (15), dynamometer link (14), and mounting blocks (12) is connected by fastener with pipeline.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102345798A (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2012-02-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | System for monitoring pipe-soil relative displacement of oil-gas pipeline in mining subsidence area |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102345798A (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2012-02-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | System for monitoring pipe-soil relative displacement of oil-gas pipeline in mining subsidence area |
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