CN102322983A - Bolt fastening state monitoring device and use method thereof - Google Patents
Bolt fastening state monitoring device and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102322983A CN102322983A CN201110223415A CN201110223415A CN102322983A CN 102322983 A CN102322983 A CN 102322983A CN 201110223415 A CN201110223415 A CN 201110223415A CN 201110223415 A CN201110223415 A CN 201110223415A CN 102322983 A CN102322983 A CN 102322983A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bolt fastening state monitoring device and a use method thereof. The device disclosed by the invention comprises a circular column elastic gasket, wherein the lower part of the elastic gasket is radially provided with a trough which penetrates through a circular column; the lower part of the elastic gasket form two arc-shaped landing legs; the top of the mouth of the trough is provided with a pressure strain gauge; two sides of the upper part of the elastic gasket are provided with two sections of arc-shaped notches in parallel with the trough; the upper part of the elastic gasket forms two arc-shaped bosses which form an angle of 90 degrees with the arc-shaped landing legs; the pressure strain gauge is connected with a signal amplifier by virtue of a lead; the signal amplifier is connected with a data acquisition device by virtue of a data line; the data acquisition device is connected with the original computer monitoring equipment by virtue of a data line; and the computer monitoring equipment compares a data signal value collected at fixed period with a preset alarming threshold value so as to judge whether an alarming measure is adopted. The bolt fastening state monitoring device has the advantages of being low cost, safe to operate and almost free from manual participation, and can be widely applied to the production and scientific research fields of hydropower stations and the like which comprise pressure containers and need to fasten bolts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of monitoring device and method of application thereof, particularly about a kind of monitoring device and method of application thereof that is used to monitor the bolt that is fastened on the electromechanical equipment (or nut, below be referred to as bolt) state.
Background technology
Be accompanied by science and technology and by leaps and bounds develop, power station both domestic and external installed capacity has ever-increasing trend, and single-machine capacity also constantly increases.The increase of single-machine capacity can reduce construction costs greatly, reduces cost, but also possibly cause stability to reduce because of the reduction of relative rigidity, brings out accident, even possibly therefore cause more serious destruction.Such as on August 17th, 2009; Major accident takes place in Russia Sa Yan Shu Shensike power station, and the accident investigation of Russian government tissue is thought afterwards: " the bolt destruction of being caused by dynamic load causes the sealing of water-turbine top cover and hydropower unit diversion passage to be torn." 49 fastening bolts of accidents caused No. 2 hydro-turbo generator set hydroturbine top covers are owing to high vibration ruptures, and then cause top cover to tear.Under the effect of water under high pressure, the top cover of the hydraulic turbine, cruciform frame begin to move upward together with the rotor of generator, and and then sealing torn, top cover, rotor etc. is carried away the machine hole, water under high pressure is full of turbine chamber and factory building rapidly.Before this, the hydroelectric power plant, Three Gorges had once also that to make an inspection tour worker's spiral case mandoor hold-down bolt that stumbles on loosening and in time report to the police, thereby had avoided the generation of water logging factory building major accident.All these proof, though screw bolt and nut is little, as long as its installation site is important, getting loose of bolt (or nut) may produce very serious and ill effect, widget also can get into serious trouble.Therefore, might cause the bolt that gets loose because of vibration and other reason again, be necessary very much to monitor being installed in critical positions.
But,, lack effective monitoring means because the past is deep inadequately to the get loose understanding of harmfulness of bolt always.Two kinds of possible monitoring modes are arranged at present: what expect the most easily is regular or irregular patrolling and examining, and its shortcoming is that cost is high, and is bigger to patrolling and examining dependences such as people's sense of responsibility, working attitude, and is difficult to avoid the generation of unexpected incidents; A kind of in addition is in bolt, bolt installation site the monitoring camera lens to be set, and vision signal is introduced Central Control Room keep watch on, and its shortcoming is that Central Control Room may not necessarily be seen clearly after bolt got loose, and the supervision personnel are too relied on.
Summary of the invention
To the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of bolted state monitoring apparatus and method of application thereof that can realize that automatic monitor and predict is reported to the police.
Realize above-mentioned purpose; The present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of bolted state monitoring apparatus; It comprises that one is the elastic washer of ring cylinder, the bottom of elastic washer radially offer one run through ring cylinder groove, make the elastic washer bottom form two arc supporting legs; The notch top of groove is provided with the pressure-strain sheet; Parallel with groove, the both sides, top of elastic washer have two sections arc notches, make elastic washer top form two and are 90 ° arc boss with the arc supporting leg; The pressure-strain sheet connects a signal amplifier through lead, and signal amplifier connects a data collector through data line, and data collector connects the original computer watch-dog through data line.
The width of said elastic washer upper boss is less than the width of rebate of bottom groove.
Only there is a top center to be provided with a pressure-strain sheet in two notches of said groove.
Two notch top center of said groove are provided with a pressure-strain sheet.
The method of application of above-mentioned a kind of bolted state monitoring apparatus; May further comprise the steps: 1) top is set has two boss; The bottom has the elastic washer of two supporting legs; Between two supporting legs of elastic washer, the pressure-strain sheet is set, the pressure-strain sheet is connected a signal amplifier successively through lead, a data collector and original computer watch-dog; 2) elastic washer is enclosed within on the bolt, and bolt revolved is located on the fastener; 3) read and write down elastic washer computer monitoring equipment data presented signal value before compacted; 4) in the process that tights a bolt, read also logger computer watch-dog data presented signal value at interval according to the number of turns of tightening that presets, set up and tighten the relation between the number of turns and the data value signal, tightened fully until bolt; 5) according to step 3)～4) data value signal that obtained, confirm a data value signal as taking the pairing alarm threshold value of warning measure, and be preset in the computer monitoring equipment; 6) in observation process, the new data value signal of the regular control data harvester of computer monitoring equipment collection, and itself and preset alarm threshold value compared: if data value signal less than alarm threshold value, computer monitoring equipment gives the alarm.
In the said step 5), bolt is tightened 0.8～0.9 times of back computer monitoring equipment data presented signal value fully as taking the pairing alarm threshold value of warning measure;
In the said step 5), sealed container interior pressure is reached 0.8～0.9 times of computer monitoring equipment data presented signal value after the working pressure as taking the pairing alarm threshold value of warning measure.
The present invention is owing to take above technical scheme; It has the following advantages: 1, the present invention is owing to adopt elastic washer and be attached to the monitoring devices such as pressure-strain sheet and signal amplifier of its overhanging portion lower surface; Realize monitoring bolted state automatically; Carry out prediction and alarm in advance, artificial factor reaches the dependence to people's factors such as quality when monitoring judgement thereby reduced, and has saved human cost.2, the present invention is owing to adopt steel processing packing ring and stable performance, the long pressure-strain sheet of life-span of good springiness, makes measuring-signal strong and stablize, thereby has advantages of higher stability and reliability, the use that the user can be relieved.3, the present invention is not because the elastic washer that uses, pressure-strain sheet and auxiliary instrument, equipment all have specific (special) requirements, and testing apparatus is less, so manufacturing cost is lower, and is easy to install and use.4, the present invention can be used for power station, thermal power station and other comprises pressure vessel and needs production and the scientific research field with bolted, is with a wide range of applications.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention synoptic diagram
Fig. 2 is the figure of facade projection of the present invention's elastic washer that the pressure-strain sheet is housed
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is carried out detailed description.
Like Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3; The present invention includes one be ring cylinder elastic washer 1; Radially offer in the bottom of elastic washer 1 one run through ring cylinder groove 2; Make elastic washer 1 bottom form two arc supporting legs 3, two notch top center of the groove 2 between two arc supporting legs 3 respectively are provided with a pressure-strain sheet 4; Pressure-strain sheet 4 also can be that two notches only paste a slice or two notches respectively paste two or more.Two sections arc cylinders in the both sides, top and groove 2 parallel excisions of elastic washer 1 make elastic washer 1 top form two and are 90 ° arc boss 5 with the arc supporting leg.Simultaneously, the width of boss 5 is less than the width between two arc supporting legs 3, makes boss 5 both sides, supporting leg 3 tops form the overhanging portion 6 lower than boss 5 so that elastic washer 1 when bearing pressure its overhanging portion 6 bigger distortion can be arranged.Pressure-strain sheet 4 connects a signal amplifier 7 through lead, and signal amplifier 7 connects a data collector 8 through data line, behind the signal that data collector 8 is gathered after signal amplifier amplifies, signal is transferred to original computer watch-dog 9.
In the foregoing description, elastic washer 1 can adopt the steel of good springiness to process.
Principle of work of the present invention is: when employing bolt 10 of the present invention is housed fastened parts 11 are pressed abd fixed on 12 last times of fixed part; At first should apply a pretightning force through 10 the mode of tighting a bolt; Elastic washer 1 between bolt 10 and fastened parts 11 can receive the pressure from bolt 10; When pressure reached certain value, stretcher strain can take place because of pressurized in two the pressure-strain sheets 4 that are positioned at the notch top of elastic washer 1 groove 2, thereby produces corresponding electric signal; Original computer watch-dog 9 is gathered and sent to this signal by data collector 8 after amplifying through signal amplifier 7.When bolt 11 imposes on the pressure reduction of elastic washer 1; Above-mentioned pressure-strain sheet 4 also can reduce stretcher strain thereupon; Thereby corresponding electric signal is changed; This signal variation is amplified the back, is gathered and send to original computer watch-dog 9 by data collector 8 through signal amplifier 7, thereby can corresponding foundation be provided for warning or other safeguard measure are set in computer monitoring equipment 9.
Use when of the present invention, may further comprise the steps:
The bolt that 1) elastic washer of the present invention will be housed revolves and is located on the fastener;
2) read and write down elastic washer computer monitoring equipment data presented signal value before compacted;
3) in the process that tights a bolt, read also logger computer watch-dog data presented signal value at interval according to the number of turns of tightening that presets, set up and tighten the relation between the number of turns and the data value signal, tightened fully until bolt;
4) airtight container (pressure vessel, hydraulic turbine runner etc.) pressurization is read and is write down airtight container and is forced into computer monitoring equipment data presented signal value after the working pressure;
5) according to step 3)～4) data value signal that obtained, confirm a data value signal as taking the pairing alarm threshold value of warning measure, and be preset in the computer monitoring equipment;
6) in observation process, the new data value signal of the regular control data harvester of computer monitoring equipment collection, and itself and preset alarm threshold value compared: if data value signal less than alarm threshold value, computer monitoring equipment gives the alarm.
In the foregoing description, confirm the mode of alarm threshold value, comprise following two kinds:
1) bolt is tightened 0.8～0.9 times of back computer monitoring equipment data presented signal value fully as taking the pairing alarm threshold value of warning measure;
2) sealed container interior pressure is reached 0.8～0.9 times of computer monitoring equipment data presented signal value after the working pressure as taking the pairing alarm threshold value of warning measure.
Wherein second kind of alarm threshold value causes wrong report easily.
In the foregoing description, when using the bolted airtight container, preferably use special-purpose dial torque wrench to tight a bolt by original equipment requirements pretightning force; And after bolt was tightened fully, airtight container pressurizeed, and must guarantee that the phenomenon that when its internal pressure reaches working pressure, does not have escape of liquid or pressure decline takes place.
Above-mentioned each embodiment only is used to explain the present invention; Wherein the structure of each parts, connected mode etc. all can change to some extent; As connecting can be that bolt or screw bolt and nut are used; Every equivalents of on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, carrying out and improvement all should not got rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. bolted state monitoring apparatus, it is characterized in that: it comprises that one is the elastic washer of ring cylinder, the bottom of said elastic washer radially offer one run through ring cylinder groove, make said elastic washer bottom form two arc supporting legs; The notch top of said groove is provided with the pressure-strain sheet; Parallel with said groove, the both sides, top of said elastic washer have two sections arc notches, make said elastic washer top form two and are 90 ° arc boss with the arc supporting leg; Said pressure-strain sheet connects a signal amplifier through lead, and said signal amplifier connects a data collector through data line, and said data collector connects the original computer watch-dog through data line.
2. a kind of bolted state monitoring apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the width of said elastic washer upper boss is less than the width of rebate of bottom groove.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 a kind of bolted state monitoring apparatus is characterized in that: only have a top center to be provided with a pressure-strain sheet in two notches of said groove.
4. according to claim 1 or claim 2 a kind of bolted state monitoring apparatus, it is characterized in that: two notch top center of said groove are provided with a pressure-strain sheet.
5. like the method for application of each described a kind of bolted state monitoring apparatus of claim 1～4, may further comprise the steps:
1) top is set and has two boss; The bottom has the elastic washer of two supporting legs; Between two supporting legs of elastic washer, the pressure-strain sheet is set, the pressure-strain sheet is connected to a signal amplifier successively through lead, a data collector and original computer watch-dog;
2) elastic washer is enclosed within on the bolt, and bolt revolved is located on the fastener;
3) read and write down elastic washer computer monitoring equipment data presented signal value before compacted;
4) in the process that tights a bolt, read also logger computer watch-dog data presented signal value at interval according to the number of turns of tightening that presets, set up and tighten the relation between the number of turns and the data value signal, tightened fully until bolt;
5) according to step 3)～4) data value signal that obtained, confirm that a data value signal as taking the pairing alarm threshold value of warning measure, is preset in the computer monitoring equipment;
6) in observation process, the new data value signal of the regular control data harvester of computer monitoring equipment collection, and itself and preset alarm threshold value compared: if data value signal less than alarm threshold value, computer monitoring equipment gives the alarm.
6. the method for application of a kind of bolted state monitoring apparatus as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that: in the said step 5), bolt is tightened 0.8～0.9 times of back computer monitoring equipment data presented signal value fully as taking the pairing alarm threshold value of warning measure;
7. the method for application of a kind of bolted state monitoring apparatus as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that: in the said step 5), sealed container interior pressure is reached 0.8～0.9 times of computer monitoring equipment data presented signal value after the working pressure as taking the pairing alarm threshold value of warning measure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110223415 CN102322983B (en) | 2011-08-05 | 2011-08-05 | Bolt fastening state monitoring device and monitoring method thereof |
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| CN 201110223415 CN102322983B (en) | 2011-08-05 | 2011-08-05 | Bolt fastening state monitoring device and monitoring method thereof |
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| CN102322983A true CN102322983A (en) | 2012-01-18 |
| CN102322983B CN102322983B (en) | 2013-01-23 |
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| CN 201110223415 Expired - Fee Related CN102322983B (en) | 2011-08-05 | 2011-08-05 | Bolt fastening state monitoring device and monitoring method thereof |
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| CN102879146A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-16 | 天津远捷海洋工程有限公司 | Device and method for monitoring underwater bolt fastening state |
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| CN103616118B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-09-30 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | The detection system of bolt and pretightning force thereof, control method |
| CN103616118A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-05 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Bolt and detection system and control method for pretightening force of bolt |
| CN104266786A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-01-07 | 武汉理工光科股份有限公司 | Bolt fastening degree online detecting system and method based on OTDR technology |
| CN105427544A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-03-23 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Mixing truck, bolt looseness early-warning device and method |
| CN105547333A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-05-04 | 刘连江 | Bolt loosening and/or breaking real-time warning device |
| CN105538040A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-05-04 | 大连理工大学 | Method and device for detecting connection sate between machining center lathe bed and stand column through bolts |
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| CN109186823A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2019-01-11 | 大连理工大学 | The scaling method in conjunction with face face pressure is bolted based on FBG sensor detection |
| CN109029954B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2024-03-08 | 深圳市永奥图电子有限公司 | Screw loosening alarm device and system |
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