CN103439035B - A kind of threaded fastener pretightning force measuring method and measurement mechanism thereof - Google Patents
A kind of threaded fastener pretightning force measuring method and measurement mechanism thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103439035B CN103439035B CN201310378100.3A CN201310378100A CN103439035B CN 103439035 B CN103439035 B CN 103439035B CN 201310378100 A CN201310378100 A CN 201310378100A CN 103439035 B CN103439035 B CN 103439035B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of threaded fastener pretightning force measuring method and measurement mechanism thereof, between securing member and fastened object, a threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus is installed, in threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus, electronic inductor is installed; When fasteners tight, under securing member and fastened object compress, the resistance of the electronic inductor in threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus is forced to change, and electronics foil gauge resistance variations is exported, by this resistance variations of analytical calculation system analysis computation, obtain the numerical value of threaded fastener pretightning force.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to detection method and the device of the connection of a kind of threaded fastener, be specifically related to detection method and the pick-up unit of a kind of threaded fastener pretightning force (or claiming fastening force), belong to detection technique field.
Background technology
In many being threaded, threaded fastener pretightning force (or claiming fastening force) is an important mounting technology index.It is related to the performance such as sealing, conduction, heat conduction of product, also determines the locking of securing member, fatigue capability, therefore how to ensure bolt connect in pretightning force to meet the requirements be very important.At present, ensure bolt connect in the pretightning force maximum difficulty that meets the requirements be exactly how to detect exactly or to judge applied pretightning force; There is a large amount of blind area to assembly manipulation regulation in existing standard, and theory calculate can only provide very wide in range value, is difficult to meet practical application request.Although there has been the instrument about detecting threaded fastener pretightning force at present, existing threaded fastener pretightning force survey instrument has often had following deficiency:
1, be not directly measure the actual securing member used, but use is accompanied examination nut, accompany examination screw, is accompanied examination backing plate etc. to measure, and can not be used for working-yard, thus cause result untrue, be only applicable to laboratory examination;
2, a station only measures a kind of diameter specifications securing member;
3, be only suitable for measuring single bolt, bolt group pretightening force feature can not be reflected, be also difficult to measure small dimension pretightning force;
4, structural elasticity is measured large or be difficult to, strictly the displacement of control measurement point, cause immeasurability securing member creep relaxation;
5, some equipment can because temperature variation produces error;
6, complex structure, large by material amount, requirement on machining accuracy is very high, causes cost high.
Therefore necessary this to be improved.
Find some bibliographical informations relevant with the present invention by the Searches of Patent Literature, with the present invention the most related mainly contain following:
1, the patent No. is CN200820159176.1, name is called the utility model patent of " a kind of detection device for bolt pretightening force ", which disclose a kind of detection device for bolt pretightening force, it comprises nut, top board, hydraulic cylinder and lower platen, annular piston is provided with in described hydraulic cylinder, the surrounding of hydraulic cylinder is fixed with guide pole, annular piston top is located at by the top board being installed on described guide pole, cylinder lower is located at by lower platen, hydraulic cylinder center is provided with the unthreaded hole by detecting bolt, and hydraulic cylinder is communicated with fuel tank with digital pressure gauge respectively.
2, the patent No. is CN201020300479.8, name is called the utility model patent of " a kind of bolt pretension detector ", which disclose a kind of bolt pretension detector, it comprises hydraulic cylinder, be positioned at the top board on hydraulic cylinder top, the lower platen of cylinder lower, the surrounding of top board is fixed with guide pole, guide pole is arranged in the through hole I of hydraulic cylinder, annular piston is provided with in hydraulic cylinder, draw at an oil circuit of hydraulic cylinder and digital pressure gauge is housed, another oil circuit is drawn and fuel tank is housed, the circumference casing wall of hydraulic cylinder is processed with adjutage, through hole II is provided with in the end of adjutage, there is boss at lower platen center, the screw of different-diameter is provided with in the same radial position of the circumferencial direction of lower platen, through hole II on adjutage is arranged on the boss of hydraulic cylinder, the center of hydraulic cylinder is equal to the distance at boss center with the screw center on lower platen to the distance at adjutage through hole II center.
3, the patent No. is CN201020224700.6, name is called the utility model patent of " a kind of Multi-cylinder type screw bolt pretightening force detecting device ", which disclose a kind of Multi-cylinder type screw bolt pretightening force detecting device, it comprises top board, lower platen and at least two hydraulic cylinders, the center of hydraulic cylinder is provided with unthreaded hole, test bolt is through top board, hydraulic cylinder central light aperture, annular piston is provided with in hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder excircle is provided with adjutage, adjutage end is provided with through hole, described lower platen center is provided with boss, the same radial position of lower platen circumferencial direction is provided with the threaded hole of at least two different-diameters, hydraulic cylinder is connected with trapezoid boss by adjutage end through hole, hydraulic cylinder is equal to the distance at trapezoid boss center with the center of lower platen upper screwed hole to the distance of adjutage, the center of top board is provided with axially extending bore, top board is also provided with the through hole corresponding with lower platen threaded hole position, hydraulic cylinder is communicated with fuel tank with digital pressure gauge.
Although these patents have related to bolt pretightening detection above, carefully analyzed and can find, these patents all adopt a kind of signal detecting technology to detect, and are all by surveying hydraulic pressure reflection bolt pretightening; It is slow all to there is reaction velocity in this method, and result is untrue, the deficiency that detection accuracy is not high; And hydraulic system structure is complicated, safeguard to get up extremely to bother, cost is high, simultaneously because liquid and hydraulic mechanism heat expansion characteristic are not mated, can there is the problem of temperature drift, be therefore necessary to be improved further this in long-time observation.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is for the some shortcomings existing for existing bolt pretightening detection, provides a kind of structure simple, the bolt pretightening detection method of reaction velocity block and measurement mechanism thereof.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of threaded fastener pretightning force measuring method, between securing member and fastened object, a threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus is installed, in threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus, electronic inductor is installed; When fasteners tight, under securing member and fastened object compress, the resistance of the electronic inductor in threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus is forced to change, and electronics foil gauge resistance variations is exported, by this resistance variations of analytical calculation system analysis computation, obtain the numerical value of threaded fastener pretightning force.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described electronic inductor is the electronic induction pick-up unit be combined to form by foil gauge, is obtained the numerical value of threaded fastener pretightning force by the resistance variations of foil gauge.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described foil gauge is the foil gauge assembly be together in series, and foil gauge assembly is arranged in the strain tube assembly of threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus, and strain tube assembly is arranged between securing member and fastened object; When fasteners tight, strain tube assembly meeting fastener and fastened object compress, and force strain tube assembly sidepiece stressed, thus make foil gauge stressed, foil gauge resistance changes, and calculates this resistance variations by analysis, can obtain the numerical value of pretightning force.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described electronics foil gauge is be in tension or pressured state in strain tube; When strain tube fastener and fastened object compress, force strain tube sidepiece tension or pressurized, thus make foil gauge tension or pressurized, foil gauge resistance is changed.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described foil gauge assembly is two groups of foil gauge groups be together in series, and is arranged in strain tube assembly respectively, and wherein, one group of foil gauge group is arranged in the internal strain cylinder of tubular, is internal strain sheet group; Other one group of foil gauge group is arranged in external strain cylinder, is compensation block foil gauge group; When strain tube assembly fastener and fastened object compress, force internal strain cylinder sidepiece tension, external strain cylinder pressurized, thus make the foil gauge tension of internal strain cylinder upper side, foil gauge pressurized on external strain cylinder, foil gauge resistance changes, and through this resistance variations of processing of circuit, can obtain the numerical value of pretightning force.
As a further improvement on the present invention, this resistance variations of described analytical calculation is through processing of circuit resistance variations, treatment circuit adopts bridge road, an internal strain Pian Zuweiqiao road wherein arm, an other arm on compensation block foil gauge Zu Weiqiao road, internal strain sheet group and compensation block foil gauge group compose in series the two-arm of bridge, a pole of voltage source Uo is accessed in the middle of internal strain sheet group and compensation block foil gauge group, add the other two-arm of two variable resistor composition bridges in addition again, another pole of access voltage source Uo in the middle of two variable resistor groups; Voltage measurement point is taken at the two poles of the earth that strain tube foil gauge group is connected with two variable resistors with compensation block foil gauge group; Before screw thread does not screw, two variable resistors are finely tuned, make initial voltage U be 0; When fasteners tight, strain tube foil gauge tension resistance becomes large, compensation block foil gauge pressurized resistance diminishes, and the magnitude of voltage U recorded like this has a new value; By computing, just can know that securing member is applied with great power, i.e. the required pretightning force measured.
A kind of threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus proposed as stated above, an electronic inductor is installed between securing member and fastened object, electronic inductor will be in sidepiece tension or pressured state when fastener and fastened object compress, thus the resistance of electronic inductor is changed.The resistance variations of electronic inductor will carry out analytical calculation by computational analysis system again, obtain the required pretightning force measured.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the described electronic induction pick-up unit for being combined to form by foil gauge, obtains the numerical value of threaded fastener pretightning force by the resistance variations of foil gauge.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described foil gauge is the foil gauge assembly be together in series, and foil gauge assembly is arranged in the strain tube assembly of threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus, and strain tube assembly is arranged between securing member and fastened object; When fasteners tight, strain tube assembly meeting fastener and fastened object compress, and force strain tube assembly sidepiece stressed, thus make foil gauge stressed, foil gauge resistance changes, and calculates this resistance variations by analysis, can obtain the numerical value of pretightning force.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described strain tube assembly is divided into internal strain cylinder and external strain cylinder, and internal strain jacket casing is outside in strain tube; Described foil gauge component is two groups, and wherein, one group of series connection foil gauge is arranged in the internal strain cylinder of tubular, is internal strain sheet group; Other one group of series connection foil gauge is arranged in external strain cylinder, is compensation block foil gauge group; When strain tube assembly fastener and fastened object compress, internal strain cylinder sidepiece tension, external strain cylinder pressurized, thus the foil gauge tension making internal strain cylinder upper side, the foil gauge pressurized on external strain cylinder, foil gauge resistance changes.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described internal strain cylinder and external strain cylinder are the circle that matches or regular polygon tubular strain tube;
As a further improvement on the present invention, described computational analysis system comprises a treatment circuit, detected by treatment circuit, treatment circuit adopts bridge road, an internal strain Pian Zuweiqiao road wherein arm, an other arm on compensation block foil gauge Zu Weiqiao road, internal strain sheet group and compensation block foil gauge group compose in series the two-arm of bridge, a pole of voltage source Uo is accessed in the middle of internal strain sheet group and compensation block foil gauge group, add the other two-arm of two variable resistor composition bridges in addition again, another pole of access voltage source Uo in the middle of two variable resistor groups; Voltage measurement point is taken at the two poles of the earth that strain tube foil gauge group is connected with two variable resistors with compensation block foil gauge group; Before screw thread does not screw, two variable resistors are finely tuned, make initial voltage U be 0; When fasteners tight, strain tube foil gauge tension resistance becomes large, compensation block foil gauge pressurized resistance diminishes, and the magnitude of voltage U recorded like this has a new value; By computing, just can know that securing member is applied with great power, i.e. the required pretightning force measured.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, be placed between securing member and fastened thing, laboratory, working-yard can be met simultaneously and use needs;
2, volume is little, therefore can measure bolt group, also can measure single bolt;
3, rigidity is high, and elasticity is little, in-50 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C temperature ranges, automatically can eliminate the error that temperature variation is brought, therefore can long-term observation, measure bolt creep relaxation;
4, use foil gauge as sensor, therefore, suitably after design, range large (can reach six figure places), can reach degree of precision (theoretical value 1/10000) simultaneously;
5, the pretightning force of several diameter specifications securing member can be measured with a kind of model instrument.
Apparatus of the present invention structure is simple, and accuracy requirement is lower, is easy to manufacture in enormous quantities, with low cost, so easy to utilize.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is principle schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that pressure-type strain tube positive axis of the present invention measures intention;
Fig. 3 is pressure-type treatment circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is tension type strain tube decomposition view of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is tension type treatment circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the theory structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is Fig. 6 embodiment treatment circuit schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention done and clearly describe further, to further illustrate the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention.But they are not limitation of the invention.
Fig. 1 illustrates an example of the present invention, can be found out by accompanying drawing, the present invention relates to a kind of threaded fastener pretightning force measuring method, between securing member and fastened object, a threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus is installed, in threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus, electronic inductor is installed; When fasteners tight, under securing member and fastened object compress, the resistance of the electronic inductor in threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus is forced to change, and electronics foil gauge resistance variations is exported, by this resistance variations of analytical calculation system analysis computation, obtain the numerical value of threaded fastener pretightning force.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described electronic inductor is the electronic induction pick-up unit be combined to form by foil gauge, is obtained the numerical value of threaded fastener pretightning force by the resistance variations of foil gauge.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described foil gauge is the foil gauge assembly be together in series, and foil gauge assembly is arranged in the strain tube assembly of threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus, and strain tube assembly is arranged between securing member and fastened object; When fasteners tight, strain tube assembly meeting fastener and fastened object compress, and force strain tube assembly sidepiece stressed, thus make foil gauge stressed, foil gauge resistance changes, and this resistance variations of computing system analytical calculation, can obtain the numerical value of pretightning force by analysis.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described electronics foil gauge is be in tension or pressured state in strain tube; When strain tube fastener and fastened object compress, force strain tube sidepiece tension or pressurized, thus make foil gauge tension or pressurized, foil gauge resistance is changed.
As a further improvement on the present invention, compensation block is provided with in circuit in described strain tube or in analytical calculation system, when foil gauge is in temperature variation, because thermal resistance effect, sensitive grid and test specimen thermal expansion mismatch cause error, now by compensation block, this error is eliminated.The means taked just are named temperature compensation.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described foil gauge assembly is two groups of foil gauge groups be together in series, and is arranged in strain tube assembly respectively, and wherein, one group of foil gauge group is arranged in the internal strain cylinder of tubular, is internal strain sheet group; Other one group of foil gauge group is arranged in external strain cylinder, is compensation block foil gauge group; When strain tube assembly fastener and fastened object compress, force internal strain cylinder sidepiece tension, external strain cylinder pressurized, thus make the foil gauge tension of internal strain cylinder upper side, foil gauge pressurized on external strain cylinder, foil gauge resistance changes, and through this resistance variations of processing of circuit, can obtain the numerical value of pretightning force.
As a further improvement on the present invention, this resistance variations of described analytical calculation is through processing of circuit resistance variations, treatment circuit adopts bridge road, an internal strain Pian Zuweiqiao road wherein arm, an other arm on compensation block foil gauge Zu Weiqiao road, internal strain sheet group and compensation block foil gauge group compose in series the two-arm of bridge, a pole of voltage source Uo is accessed in the middle of internal strain sheet group and compensation block foil gauge group, add the other two-arm of two variable resistor composition bridges in addition again, another pole of access voltage source Uo in the middle of two variable resistor groups; Voltage measurement point is taken at the two poles of the earth that strain tube foil gauge group is connected with two variable resistors with compensation block foil gauge group; Before screw thread does not screw, two variable resistors are finely tuned, make initial voltage U be 0; When fasteners tight, strain tube foil gauge tension resistance becomes large, compensation block foil gauge pressurized resistance diminishes, and the magnitude of voltage U recorded like this has a new value; By computing, just can know that securing member is applied with great power, i.e. the required pretightning force measured.
A kind of threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus proposed as stated above, an electronic inductor is installed between securing member and fastened object, electronic inductor will be in sidepiece tension or pressured state when fastener and fastened object compress, thus the resistance of electronic inductor is changed.The resistance variations of electronic inductor will carry out analytical calculation by computational analysis system again, obtain the required pretightning force measured.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the described electronic induction pick-up unit for being combined to form by foil gauge, obtains the numerical value of threaded fastener pretightning force by the resistance variations of foil gauge.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described foil gauge is the foil gauge assembly be together in series, and foil gauge assembly is arranged in the strain tube assembly of threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus, and strain tube assembly is arranged between securing member and fastened object; When fasteners tight, strain tube assembly meeting fastener and fastened object compress, and force strain tube assembly sidepiece stressed, thus make foil gauge stressed, foil gauge resistance changes, and calculates this resistance variations by analysis, can obtain the numerical value of pretightning force.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described strain tube assembly is divided into internal strain cylinder and external strain cylinder, and internal strain jacket casing is outside in strain tube; Described foil gauge component is two groups, and wherein, one group of series connection foil gauge is arranged in the internal strain cylinder of tubular, is internal strain sheet group; Other one group of series connection foil gauge is arranged in external strain cylinder, is compensation block foil gauge group; When strain tube assembly fastener and fastened object compress, internal strain cylinder sidepiece tension, external strain cylinder pressurized, thus the foil gauge tension making internal strain cylinder upper side, the foil gauge pressurized on external strain cylinder, foil gauge resistance changes.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described internal strain cylinder and external strain cylinder are the circle that matches or regular polygon tubular strain tube;
As a further improvement on the present invention, described computational analysis system comprises a treatment circuit, detected by treatment circuit, treatment circuit adopts bridge road, an internal strain Pian Zuweiqiao road wherein arm, an other arm on compensation block foil gauge Zu Weiqiao road, internal strain sheet group and compensation block foil gauge group compose in series the two-arm of bridge, a pole of voltage source Uo is accessed in the middle of internal strain sheet group and compensation block foil gauge group, add the other two-arm of two variable resistor composition bridges in addition again, another pole of access voltage source Uo in the middle of two variable resistor groups; Voltage measurement point is taken at the two poles of the earth that strain tube foil gauge group is connected with two variable resistors with compensation block foil gauge group; Before screw thread does not screw, two variable resistors are finely tuned, make initial voltage U be 0; When fasteners tight, strain tube foil gauge tension resistance becomes large, compensation block foil gauge pressurized resistance diminishes, and the magnitude of voltage U recorded like this has a new value; By computing, just can know that securing member is applied with great power, i.e. the required pretightning force measured.
Embodiment one
As shown in figure 1 and 2, a kind of threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus is pressure-type threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus, comprises a circular strain tube assembly 1, is provided with the foil gauge group 2 be together in series in circular strain tube assembly 1; Strain tube assembly 2 is arranged on (as shown in Figure 1) between securing member 3 and fastened object 4, when strain tube assembly fastener 3 and fastened object 4 compress, strain tube assembly 1 pressurized, thus make to be attached to the foil gauge pressurized on strain tube assembly 1 side, foil gauge resistance changes, through this resistance variations of computational analysis system analysis computation, the numerical value of pretightning force can be obtained.
Described foil gauge group 2 is that multi-disc foil gauge is according to uniform principle, be attached on the appearance side of strain tube assembly 1, and be together in series by connecting line, foil gauge group 2 receives computational analysis system by input and output, by computational analysis resistance variations, the numerical value of pretightning force can be obtained.
Described computational analysis system is processing circuitry (see accompanying drawing 3), treatment circuit adopts bridge road, foil gauge group 2 is a bridge road wherein arm, the other arm that one temperature compensation adjustable resistance R2 is bridge road is set in circuit, foil gauge group and temperature compensation adjustable resistance compose in series the two-arm of bridge, a pole of voltage source Uo is accessed in the middle of foil gauge group 2 with temperature compensation adjustable resistance R2, add the other two-arm that two variable resistor R3 and R4 form bridge in addition again, another pole of access voltage source Uo in the middle of two variable resistor group R3 and R4; Voltage measurement point is taken at the two poles of the earth that strain tube foil gauge group 2 is connected with two variable resistor R3 and R4 with temperature compensation adjustable resistance R2; Before screw thread does not screw, two variable resistors are finely tuned, make initial voltage U be 0; When fasteners tight, strain tube foil gauge pressurized resistance diminishes, the magnitude of voltage U that records like this has a new value; By computing, just can know that securing member is applied with great power, i.e. the required pretightning force measured.Temperature compensation adjustable resistance R2 adjusts result of calculation according to the temperature value change of strain tube assembly 2.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 4, a kind of threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus is tension type threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus, comprises a circular strain tube assembly 201, is provided with the foil gauge group 202 be together in series in circular strain tube assembly 201; Strain tube assembly 202 is arranged on (as shown in Figure 1) between securing member and fastened object; Described strain tube assembly 201 is divided into internal strain cylinder 205 and outer support cylinder 206, internal strain jacket casing 205 is outside in support tube 206, and a cylinder cap 207 is arranged at internal strain cylinder 205 top, cylinder cap 207 is pressed on the end face of outer support cylinder 206, have a cylinder foundation ring 204 bottom internal strain cylinder 205, fastening nut is pressed in a foundation ring 204; Described foil gauge group 202 is arranged in the internal strain cylinder of tubular, is internal strain sheet group; Be provided with a compensation block device 203 in strain tube outside in addition; When strain tube assembly fastener and fastened object compress, internal strain cylinder sidepiece tension, outer support cylinder pressurized, thus make the foil gauge tension of internal strain cylinder upper side, foil gauge resistance changes, through this resistance variations of computational analysis system analysis computation, the numerical value of pretightning force can be obtained; Be arranged on compensation block device 203 on outer support cylinder according to the temperature variation of strain tube assembly 201, collecting temperature data value input computational analysis system, revises result of calculation.
Described foil gauge group 202 is that multi-disc foil gauge is according to uniform principle, be attached on the side of internal strain cylinder 205, and be together in series by connecting line, foil gauge group 202 receives computational analysis system by input and output, by computational analysis resistance variations, the numerical value of pretightning force can be obtained.
Described computational analysis system is processing circuitry (see accompanying drawing 5), treatment circuit adopts bridge road, a foil gauge Zu Weiqiao road wherein arm, the other arm that one temperature compensation adjustable resistance is bridge road is set in circuit, foil gauge group and temperature compensation adjustable resistance compose in series the two-arm of bridge, a pole of voltage source Uo is accessed in the middle of foil gauge group and temperature compensation adjustable resistance, add the other two-arm of two variable resistor composition bridges in addition again, another pole of access voltage source Uo in the middle of two variable resistor groups; Voltage measurement point is taken at the two poles of the earth that strain tube foil gauge group is connected with two variable resistors with compensation block foil gauge group; Before screw thread does not screw, two variable resistors are finely tuned, make initial voltage U be 0; When fasteners tight, strain tube foil gauge tension resistance becomes large, compensation block foil gauge pressurized resistance diminishes, and the magnitude of voltage U recorded like this has a new value; By process, just can know that securing member is applied with great power, i.e. the required pretightning force measured.
Embodiment three
As shown in Figure 6, a kind of threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus is tension type threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus, comprises a circular strain tube assembly 301, is provided with the foil gauge group 302 be together in series in circular strain tube assembly 301; Strain tube assembly 301 is arranged between securing member 303 and fastened object 304; Described strain tube assembly 301 is divided into internal strain cylinder 305 and external strain cylinder 306, internal strain jacket casing 305 is outside in strain tube 306, and a cylinder cap 307 is arranged at internal strain cylinder 305 top, cylinder cap 307 is pressed on the end face of external strain cylinder 306, have a cylinder foundation ring 310 bottom internal strain cylinder 305, fastening nut 311 is pressed in a foundation ring 310; Described foil gauge group 302 is divided into two groups, and wherein, one group of series connection foil gauge is arranged in the internal strain cylinder of tubular, is internal strain sheet group 308; Other one group of series connection foil gauge is arranged in external strain cylinder, is compensation block foil gauge group 309; When strain tube assembly fastener and fastened object compress, internal strain cylinder sidepiece tension, external strain cylinder pressurized, thus the foil gauge tension making internal strain cylinder upper side, the foil gauge pressurized on external strain cylinder, foil gauge resistance changes.
Described foil gauge group 302 is according to uniform principle, be attached on the side of strain tube assembly 301, wherein, internal strain sheet group 308 is attached to the lateral surface of internal strain jacket casing 30, compensation block foil gauge group 309 is attached to the medial surface of external strain cylinder 306, and internal strain sheet group 308 and compensation block foil gauge group 309 are together in series respectively by connecting line, and computational analysis system is received in input and output, by computational analysis resistance variations, the numerical value of pretightning force can be obtained.
Described foil gauge group 302 is undertaken detecting (see accompanying drawing 7) by treatment circuit, treatment circuit adopts bridge road, an internal strain Pian Zuweiqiao road wherein arm, an other arm on compensation block foil gauge Zu Weiqiao road, internal strain sheet group and compensation block foil gauge group compose in series the two-arm of bridge, in the middle of internal strain sheet group and compensation block foil gauge group, access a pole of voltage source Uo, add the other two-arm of two variable resistor composition bridges in addition again, another pole of access voltage source Uo in the middle of two variable resistor groups; The two poles of the earth that the compensation block foil gauge group 309 of internal strain sheet group 308 and external strain cylinder 306 that voltage measurement point is taken at internal strain cylinder 305 is connected with two variable resistor R3 and R4; Before screw thread does not screw, two variable resistors are finely tuned, make initial voltage U be 0; When fasteners tight, the internal strain sheet of internal strain cylinder hinders 308 tension resistances and becomes large, and the compensation block foil gauge of external strain cylinder hinders 309 pressurized resistances and diminishes, and the magnitude of voltage U recorded like this has a new value; By process, just can know that securing member is applied with great power, i.e. the required pretightning force measured.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a threaded fastener pretightning force measuring method, is characterized in that: between securing member and fastened object, install a threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus, be provided with electronic inductor in threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus; When fasteners tight, under securing member and fastened object compress, the resistance of the electronic inductor in threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus is forced to change, and electronics foil gauge resistance variations is exported, by this resistance variations of analytical calculation system analysis computation, obtain the numerical value of threaded fastener pretightning force; Described electronic inductor is the electronic induction pick-up unit be combined to form by foil gauge, is obtained the numerical value of threaded fastener pretightning force by the resistance variations of foil gauge; Described foil gauge assembly is two groups of foil gauge groups be together in series, and is arranged in strain tube assembly respectively, and wherein, one group of foil gauge group is arranged in the internal strain cylinder of tubular, is internal strain sheet group; Other one group of foil gauge group is arranged in external strain cylinder, is compensation block foil gauge group; Strain tube assembly is arranged between securing member and fastened object; When strain tube assembly fastener and fastened object compress, force internal strain cylinder sidepiece tension, external strain cylinder pressurized, thus make the foil gauge tension of internal strain cylinder upper side, foil gauge pressurized on external strain cylinder, foil gauge resistance changes, and through this resistance variations of processing of circuit, can obtain the numerical value of pretightning force.
2. threaded fastener pretightning force measuring method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described electronics foil gauge is be in tension or pressured state in strain tube; When strain tube fastener and fastened object compress, force strain tube sidepiece tension or pressurized, thus make foil gauge tension or pressurized, foil gauge resistance is changed.
3. threaded fastener pretightning force measuring method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in the circuit in described strain tube or in analytical calculation system, be provided with compensation block, when foil gauge is in temperature variation, because thermal resistance effect, sensitive grid and test specimen thermal expansion mismatch cause error, by compensation block, this error is eliminated.
4. threaded fastener pretightning force measuring method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: this resistance variations of described analytical calculation is through processing of circuit resistance variations, treatment circuit adopts bridge road, an internal strain Pian Zuweiqiao road wherein arm, an other arm on compensation block foil gauge Zu Weiqiao road, internal strain sheet group and compensation block foil gauge group compose in series the two-arm of bridge, a pole of voltage source Uo is accessed in the middle of internal strain sheet group and compensation block foil gauge group, add the other two-arm of two variable resistor composition bridges in addition again, another pole of access voltage source Uo in the middle of two variable resistor groups, voltage measurement point is taken at the two poles of the earth that strain tube foil gauge group is connected with two variable resistors with compensation block foil gauge group, before screw thread does not screw, two variable resistors are finely tuned, make initial voltage U be 0, when fasteners tight, strain tube foil gauge tension resistance becomes large, compensation block foil gauge pressurized resistance diminishes, and the magnitude of voltage U recorded like this has a new value, by computing, just can know that securing member is applied with great power, i.e. the required pretightning force measured.
5. one kind realizes the threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus of threaded fastener pretightning force measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: an electronic inductor is installed between securing member and fastened object, electronic inductor will be in sidepiece tension or pressured state when fastener and fastened object compress, thus the resistance of electronic inductor is changed; The resistance variations of electronic inductor will carry out analytical calculation by computational analysis system again, obtain the required pretightning force measured; The described electronic induction pick-up unit for being combined to form by foil gauge, obtains the numerical value of threaded fastener pretightning force by the resistance variations of foil gauge; Described strain tube assembly is divided into internal strain cylinder and external strain cylinder, and internal strain jacket casing is outside in strain tube; Described foil gauge component is two groups, and wherein, one group of series connection foil gauge is arranged in the internal strain cylinder of tubular, is internal strain sheet group; Other one group of series connection foil gauge is arranged in external strain cylinder, is compensation block foil gauge group; When strain tube assembly fastener and fastened object compress, internal strain cylinder sidepiece tension, external strain cylinder pressurized, thus the foil gauge tension making internal strain cylinder upper side, the foil gauge pressurized on external strain cylinder, foil gauge resistance changes.
6. threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: described internal strain cylinder and external strain cylinder are the circle that matches or regular polygon tubular strain tube.
7. threaded fastener pretightening force measuring apparatus as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: described computational analysis system comprises a treatment circuit, detected by treatment circuit, treatment circuit adopts bridge road, an internal strain Pian Zuweiqiao road wherein arm, an other arm on compensation block foil gauge Zu Weiqiao road, internal strain sheet group and compensation block foil gauge group compose in series the two-arm of bridge, a pole of voltage source Uo is accessed in the middle of internal strain sheet group and compensation block foil gauge group, add the other two-arm of two variable resistor composition bridges in addition again, another pole of access voltage source Uo in the middle of two variable resistor groups, voltage measurement point is taken at the two poles of the earth that strain tube foil gauge group is connected with two variable resistors with compensation block foil gauge group, before screw thread does not screw, two variable resistors are finely tuned, make initial voltage U be 0, when fasteners tight, strain tube foil gauge tension resistance becomes large, compensation block foil gauge pressurized resistance diminishes, and the magnitude of voltage U recorded like this has a new value, by computing, just can know that securing member is applied with great power, i.e. the required pretightning force measured.
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