CN115031885A - Bolt fastening force monitoring device and monitoring method thereof - Google Patents
Bolt fastening force monitoring device and monitoring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115031885A CN115031885A CN202210625314.5A CN202210625314A CN115031885A CN 115031885 A CN115031885 A CN 115031885A CN 202210625314 A CN202210625314 A CN 202210625314A CN 115031885 A CN115031885 A CN 115031885A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
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- XBBRGUHRZBZMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trichloro-4-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)benzene Chemical group ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1C1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl XBBRGUHRZBZMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
Abstract
The invention discloses a bolt fastening force monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof, wherein the bolt fastening force monitoring method comprises the following steps of S1: and placing a bolt in the bolt placing area of the main body part, so that the elastic body arranged on the main body part deforms when being pressed by the bolt, and the resistance value of the strain gauge arranged on the elastic body changes. The invention discloses a bolt fastening force monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof, which realize wide-range measurement on the basis of device miniaturization by adopting an annular structure design, realize temperature compensation by adopting bidirectional distribution of strain gauges so as to realize high-precision measurement and solve the problem of bolt eccentricity, realize long-term maintenance-free operation by adopting a module component design with a replaceable battery and an antenna, and solve the problems of large size, small measuring range, low precision, high cost, poor practicability and the like of the conventional bolt fastening force monitoring device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bolt fastening force monitoring, and particularly relates to a bolt fastening force monitoring device and a bolt fastening force monitoring method.
Background
Bolted connections are a widely used form of structural connection, the quality of which directly affects the performance of equipment, facilities or buildings. If the bolt connection fails, potential safety hazards can be brought, and even accidents or disasters can be caused. Therefore, the problem that the bolt connection is reliable is not avoidable in engineering. The bolt installation and inspection by the torque method can not meet the engineering requirements, particularly the connection part of the structure which needs regular inspection, the cycle efficiency of the manual wrench is low, the cost is high, and the evaluation on the connection quality can not be quantized.
In the existing method for monitoring the fastening force of bolt connection, a method for implanting a strain gauge into a bolt needs to punch a hole on the bolt, so that the strength of the bolt is influenced, and the method has high requirements on bolt preparation and is not suitable for large-scale engineering application. The monitoring of the rotation angle of the bolt can achieve qualitative evaluation effect, but the quantitative evaluation effect is poor. The ultrasonic wave and fiber grating method has high requirements on the preparation of the bolt, and has the problems of high cost, large error and the like.
Therefore, the mechanical sensor with the annular structure is adopted based on the strain type principle, the bolt fastening force is evaluated by measuring the pressure, and the method is a monitoring method which is mature in application and suitable for large-scale application. However, since this method changes the bolt connection structure, it is necessary to make the sensor as small as possible, to facilitate installation, and to minimize the influence on the original connection structure. Furthermore, this method needs to face the problem of eccentricity in bolt installation, and therefore more consideration is required in the layout of the strain gauge.
Therefore, the above problems are further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a bolt fastening force monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof, which realize wide-range measurement on the basis of device miniaturization by adopting an annular structure design, realize temperature compensation by adopting bidirectional distribution of strain gauges so as to realize high-precision measurement and solve the problem of bolt eccentricity, realize long-term maintenance-free operation by adopting a module component design with replaceable batteries and antennae, and solve the problems of large volume, small measuring range, low precision, high cost, poor practicability and the like of the existing bolt fastening force monitoring device, thereby realizing real-time intelligent online monitoring and large-scale popularization and application of bolt fastening force.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a bolt-fastening force monitoring apparatus and a monitoring method thereof, which solve the problem of eccentricity of a bolt and the problem of temperature compensation in a bolt-fastening force monitoring process to improve monitoring accuracy.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a bolt fastening force monitoring method for monitoring a bolt fastening force, comprising the steps of:
step S1: placing a bolt in a bolt placing area (preferably in a ring shape) of the main body part, so that an elastic body mounted on the main body part deforms when being subjected to bolt pressure, and the resistance value of a strain gauge mounted on the elastic body changes;
step S2: the PCB connected with the strain gauge can be used for sensing resistance change signals to perform conversion analysis processing, so that generated fastening force data are transmitted to the antenna through the lower conductor of the main body part and the upper conductor of the module part in sequence, wireless transmission is performed on the fastening force data through the antenna, and finally real-time intelligent online monitoring is achieved.
As a further preferable mode of the above mode, in step S1, when the elastic body is deformed by the bolt pressure, the same pressure is applied, so that the amount of change of the strain gauge in the axial direction is larger than that of the strain gauge in the circumferential direction, and the difference of the amount of change is sensed by the PCB.
As a further preferable technical solution of the above technical solution, the bolt placement region is annular (the elastic body is also annular, which is equivalent to a bolt to be monitored is placed in the middle of the elastic body), and the axial strain gauge and the circumferential strain gauge are sequentially and alternately distributed in a plane region on the outer periphery of the elastic body, so that the axial strain gauge and the circumferential strain gauge are distributed in annular equal-angle sectors, and further, the axial strain gauge and the circumferential strain gauge can generate strain no matter the pressure generated by the bolt located in the bolt placement region is biased to any side, so as to solve the problem of bolt eccentricity generated in the monitoring process.
As a further preferable technical solution of the above technical solution, when the environmental temperature changes, the resistance variation amounts generated by the axial strain gauge and the circumferential strain gauge which are adhered to the elastic body are the same, so that a difference between the variation amounts is not generated, and further, the change of the electrical signal is not caused and is monitored by the PCB, so as to perform temperature compensation in the monitoring process.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a bolt fastening force monitoring device applied to the bolt fastening force monitoring method, including a main body portion and a module portion, the main body portion being connected to the module portion, wherein:
the main body part comprises an elastic body, a strain gauge, a first shell, a PCB and a lower electric conductor, wherein the elastic body, the strain gauge, the PCB and the lower electric conductor are all arranged in the first shell, a bolt placing area is arranged in the middle of the first shell, the strain gauge is fixedly arranged on the elastic body and is electrically connected with the PCB, and the PCB is electrically connected with the lower electric conductor;
the module part comprises a second shell, a battery, an antenna and an upper conductor, wherein the battery, the antenna and the upper conductor are all arranged in the second shell, the second shell is connected with the first shell, and the battery and the antenna are respectively electrically connected with the upper conductor and the upper conductor is electrically connected with the lower conductor.
As a further preferable technical solution of the above technical solution, planar areas are uniformly distributed on the outer periphery of the elastic body, and the strain gauge is fixedly mounted on the planar areas;
the strain gauge comprises a plurality of axial strain gauges and a plurality of circumferential strain gauges which are the same in number, and the axial strain gauges are not electrically connected with the circumferential strain gauges.
As a further preferable technical solution of the above technical solution, the axial strain gauge and the axial strain gauge are electrically connected and are electrically connected with the PCB after being connected in series with each other;
the circumferential strain gauges are electrically connected with the PCB after being connected in series.
In a more preferable embodiment of the present invention, the strain gauge is insulated from the first case, the PCB is insulated from the first case, and the lower conductor is insulated from the first case
As a further preferable technical solution of the above technical solution, the first housing is provided with a first through hole, the second housing is provided with a second through hole, and the lower conductor is electrically connected to the upper conductor sequentially through the first through hole and the second through hole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses can solve bolt-up power monitoring devices current bulky, the range is little, the precision is low, the practicality subalternation problem to realize the real-time intelligent on-line monitoring of bolt-up power. The specific technology comprises the steps of adopting an annular structure design to realize wide-range measurement on the basis of device miniaturization, adopting the bidirectional distribution of strain gauges to realize temperature compensation and further realize high-precision measurement and solve the problem of bolt eccentricity, and adopting the module design of replaceable batteries and antennas to realize long-term maintenance-free operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bolt-fastening force monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof according to the present invention.
Fig. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of a module portion of the bolt fastening force monitoring apparatus and the monitoring method thereof according to the present invention.
Fig. 2B is a schematic structural view of a main body portion of the bolt-fastening-force monitoring apparatus and the monitoring method thereof according to the present invention.
Fig. 3A is a cross-sectional view of a bolt-fastening-force monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof of the present invention.
Fig. 3B is a schematic structural view of an elastic body of the bolt-fastening force monitoring apparatus and the monitoring method thereof according to the present invention.
The reference numerals include: 100. a body portion; 110. an elastomer; 111. a planar region; 120. a strain gauge; 121. an axial strain gage; 122. a circumferential strain gage; 130. a first housing; 131. a bolt placement area; 132. a first through hole; 140. a PCB board; 150. a lower conductor 200, a module portion; 210. a second housing; 211. a second through hole; 220. a battery; 230. an antenna; 240. and an upper conductor.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The underlying principles of the invention, as defined in the following description, may be applied to other embodiments, variations, modifications, equivalents, and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be noted by those skilled in the art that the bolts and the like according to the present invention can be regarded as the prior art.
Preferred embodiments.
The invention discloses a bolt fastening force monitoring method, which is used for monitoring the bolt fastening force and comprises the following steps:
step S1: placing a bolt on a bolt placing region 131 (preferably in a ring shape) of the body portion 100, so that the elastic body 110 mounted on the body portion 100 is deformed when being subjected to a bolt pressure, and thereby a resistance value of the strain gauge 120 mounted on the elastic body 110 is changed;
step S2: the PCB 140 connected to the strain gauge 120 converts and analyzes the sensed resistance change signal, so that the generated fastening force data is transmitted to the antenna 230 through the lower conductor 150 of the main body 100 and the upper conductor 240 of the module in sequence, and the fastening force data is wirelessly transmitted through the antenna 230, thereby finally realizing real-time intelligent online monitoring.
Specifically, in step S1, when the elastic body 110 is deformed by the bolt pressure, the axial strain gauge 121 of the strain gauge 120 is subjected to the same pressure, so that the amount of change is larger than the circumferential strain gauge 122, and the difference in the amount of change is sensed by the PCB 140.
More specifically, the bolt placing region 131 is annular (the elastic body is also annular, which is equivalent to the situation that a monitored bolt is placed in the middle of the elastic body), and the axial strain gauges 121 and the circumferential strain gauges 122 are sequentially and alternately distributed on the plane region 111 on the outer periphery of the elastic body 110, so that the axial strain gauges 121 and the circumferential strain gauges 122 are distributed in annular equal-angle sectors, and further, the axial strain gauges 121 and the circumferential strain gauges 122 can generate strain no matter the pressure generated by the bolt located in the bolt placing region 131 deviates to any side, so as to solve the problem of bolt eccentricity generated in the monitoring process.
Further, when the ambient temperature changes, the resistance variation amounts generated by the axial strain gauge 121 and the circumferential strain gauge 122 adhered to the elastic body 110 are the same, so that a variation difference is not generated, and further, the change of the electrical signal is not caused and is monitored by the PCB 140, so as to perform temperature compensation in the monitoring process (the grids of the existing strain gauges are distributed along a single direction and are arranged in the strain sensitive area, so that the maximum strain variation amount is obtained when the strain is applied.
The invention also discloses a bolt fastening force monitoring device, which is applied to the bolt fastening force monitoring method and comprises a main body part 100 and a module part 200, wherein the main body part 100 is connected with the module part 200 (detachably), and the bolt fastening force monitoring device comprises:
the main body part 100 comprises an elastic body 110 (preferably in a ring shape), a strain gauge 120, a first housing 130, a PCB 140 and a lower conductor 150, wherein the elastic body 110, the strain gauge 120, the PCB 140 and the lower conductor 150 are all arranged in the first housing 130, a bolt placing region 131 (allowing a bolt to pass through for fastening force monitoring) is arranged in the middle of the first housing 130, the strain gauge 120 is fixedly arranged on the elastic body 110, the strain gauge 120 is electrically connected with the PCB 140, and the PCB 140 is electrically connected with the lower conductor 150;
the module part 200 includes a second housing 210, a battery 220, an antenna 230 and an upper conductor 240, the battery 220, the antenna 230 and the upper conductor 240 are all built in the second housing 210 and the second housing 210 is connected with the first housing 130, the battery 220 and the antenna 230 are respectively electrically connected with the upper conductor 240 and the lower conductor 150 (the battery is electrically connected with the PCB board sequentially through the upper conductor and the lower conductor to supply power, and the PCB board is connected with the antenna sequentially through the lower conductor and the upper conductor to remotely send out monitoring data).
Specifically, the outer circumference of the elastic body 110 is uniformly distributed with planar areas 111, and the strain gauge 120 is fixedly mounted on the planar areas 111;
the strain gauge 120 includes a plurality of axial strain gauges 121 and circumferential strain gauges 122, which are equal in number, and the axial strain gauges 121 and the circumferential strain gauges 122 are not electrically connected.
More specifically, the axial strain gauge 121 and the axial strain gauge 121 are electrically connected in series and then electrically connected to the PCB 140;
the circumferential strain gauge 122 and the circumferential strain gauge 122 are electrically connected in series and then electrically connected to the PCB 140.
Further, the strain gauge 120 is insulated from the first case 130, the PCB 140 is insulated from the first case 130, and the lower conductor 150 is insulated from the first case 130.
Furthermore, the first housing 130 is provided with a first through hole 132, the second housing 210 is provided with a second through hole 211, and the lower conductor 150 is electrically connected to the upper conductor 240 sequentially through the first through hole 132 and the second through hole 211.
Further, the body portion 100 is used for measurement and support mounting functions.
Further, the module portion 200 is used to implement functions of power supply and wireless communication.
Elastomers have a high load bearing capacity.
Furthermore, the elastic body 110 is a ring-shaped structure, the inner diameter of the elastic body 110 is not greater than the inner diameter of the flat pad of the corresponding specification, and the outer diameter of the elastic body 110 is not less than the outer diameter of the flat pad of the corresponding specification.
Further, the elastic body 110 is made of a metal material having high elasticity.
Further, the elastic body 110 includes a planar area 111, and the planar area 111 is uniformly distributed on the circumference for attaching the strain gauge 120.
Preferably, the number of the planar regions 111 is an even number of 4 or more.
Preferably, the axial strain gauge 121 and the circumferential strain gauge 122 are strain gauges of the same specification.
Preferably, the number of the axial strain gauges 121 and the circumferential strain gauges 122 adhered to the elastic body 110 is the same.
The axial strain gauge is electrically connected with the PCB, and the circumferential strain gauge is electrically connected with the PCB.
Furthermore, a plurality of axial strain gauges are arranged, and after the axial strain gauges are connected in series with each other, the axial strain gauges are electrically connected with the PCB through a lead.
The resistance value of the axial strain gauge changes, and the PCB can receive and convert signals and send data in a wireless mode.
Furthermore, a plurality of circumferential strain gauges are arranged, and after the circumferential strain gauges are connected in series with each other, the circumferential strain gauges are electrically connected with the PCB through a lead.
The resistance value of the circumferential strain gauge changes, and the PCB can receive and convert signals and send data in a wireless mode.
The first shell has good sealing performance and weather resistance and can encapsulate the elastomer, the strain gauge and the PCB.
Further, the first shell is made of a metal material or weather-resistant engineering plastic.
Furthermore, the first shell is made of a conductive material, the strain gauge is insulated from the first shell, and the PCB is insulated from the first shell.
The lower conductor is electrically connected to the PCB.
Further, the lower conductor and the PCB are electrically connected through a wire or welding.
Furthermore, the first shell is made of a conductive material, and the lower conductor is insulated from the first shell.
The second housing has good sealability and weather resistance, and can encapsulate the battery and the antenna.
Further, the second shell is made of a metal material or weather-resistant engineering plastic.
The upper conductor is electrically connected to the battery and the upper conductor is electrically connected to the antenna.
Further, the upper conductor and the battery are electrically connected through a lead or welding, and the upper conductor and the antenna are electrically connected through a lead or welding.
Furthermore, in order to ensure the using effect of the antenna, the antenna and the battery keep a certain physical space distance.
The lower conductor and the upper conductor make an electrical connection.
Further, the lower conductor and the upper conductor are electrically connected by contacting each other.
The battery is electrically connected with the PCB through the upper conductor and the lower conductor to supply power for the PCB.
The antenna is electrically connected with the PCB through the upper conductor and the lower conductor, so that the transmission of wireless signals is realized.
The lower conductor is fixed on the first shell, and the upper conductor is fixed on the second shell.
Further, the fixing mode comprises welding, riveting, embedding, bolt connection and gluing.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
when the elastic body is deformed by the pressure of the bolt, the resistance value of the strain gauge is changed. Under the same pressure action, the variable quantity of the axial strain gauge is larger than that of the circumferential strain gauge, the PCB feels resistance change signals, and the signals are converted and analyzed and then transmitted to the outside wirelessly through the lower conductor and the upper conductor and finally through the antenna.
When the environmental temperature changes, the resistance variation of the axial strain gauge and the resistance variation of the circumferential strain gauge which are adhered on the elastic body are the same, so that the change of an electric signal cannot be caused, and the temperature compensation of the device is realized.
The battery supplies power to the PCB continuously and uninterruptedly through the upper conductor and the lower conductor.
After the battery power is exhausted or the module part is damaged, the original module part can be detached and the brand new module part is assembled, the main body part does not need to be replaced synchronously, the bolt connecting structure does not need to be detached and installed, and the safety and the economical efficiency are improved.
It should be noted that the technical features such as the bolts and the like related to the present patent application should be regarded as the prior art, and the specific structure, the operation principle, the control mode and the spatial arrangement mode of the technical features may be selected conventionally in the field, and should not be regarded as the invention point of the present patent, and the present patent is not further specifically described in detail.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made in the embodiments and/or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A bolt fastening force monitoring method is used for monitoring bolt fastening force and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: placing a bolt in a bolt placing area of the main body part, so that an elastic body arranged on the main body part deforms when being pressed by the bolt, and the resistance value of a strain gauge arranged on the elastic body changes;
step S2: the PCB connected with the strain gauge can be used for sensing resistance change signals to perform conversion analysis processing, so that generated fastening force data are transmitted to the antenna through the lower conductor of the main body part and the upper conductor of the module part in sequence, wireless transmission is performed on the fastening force data through the antenna, and finally real-time intelligent online monitoring is achieved.
2. The bolt-fastening force monitoring method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, when the elastic body is deformed by the bolt pressure, the same pressure is applied to the elastic body, so that the variation of the strain gauge in the axial direction is larger than that in the circumferential direction, and the difference of the variation is sensed by the PCB.
3. The bolt fastening force monitoring method according to claim 2, wherein the bolt placement area is annular, and the axial strain gauge and the circumferential strain gauge are sequentially and alternately distributed in a plane area on the outer periphery of the elastic body, so that the axial strain gauge and the circumferential strain gauge are distributed in an annular equal-angle sector shape, and further, the axial strain gauge and the circumferential strain gauge are strained no matter the pressure generated by the bolt in the bolt placement area is biased to any side, so as to solve the problem of bolt eccentricity generated in the monitoring process.
4. The bolt-fastening force monitoring method according to claim 3, wherein when the environmental temperature changes, the axial strain gauge and the circumferential strain gauge adhered to the elastic body generate the same resistance change amount, so that the difference between the resistance change amounts is not generated, and further, the change of the electrical signal is not caused to be monitored by the PCB, so as to perform temperature compensation in the monitoring process.
5. A bolt-fastening-force monitoring apparatus applied to the bolt-fastening-force monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a main body portion and a die set portion, the main body portion and the die set portion being connected, wherein:
the main body part comprises an elastic body, a strain gauge, a first shell, a PCB and a lower electric conductor, wherein the elastic body, the strain gauge, the PCB and the lower electric conductor are all arranged in the first shell, a bolt placing area is arranged in the middle of the first shell, the strain gauge is fixedly arranged on the elastic body and is electrically connected with the PCB, and the PCB is electrically connected with the lower electric conductor;
the module part comprises a second shell, a battery, an antenna and an upper conductor, wherein the battery, the antenna and the upper conductor are all arranged in the second shell, the second shell is connected with the first shell, and the battery and the antenna are respectively electrically connected with the upper conductor and the upper conductor is electrically connected with the lower conductor.
6. The bolt-fastening force monitoring device according to claim 5, wherein the outer periphery of the elastic body is uniformly distributed with planar areas, and the strain gauges are fixedly mounted on the planar areas;
the strain gauge comprises a plurality of axial strain gauges and circumferential strain gauges which are the same in number, and the axial strain gauges are not electrically connected with the circumferential strain gauges.
7. The bolt-fastening force monitoring device of claim 6, wherein the axial strain gauge and the axial strain gauge are electrically connected and serially connected with each other and electrically connected with the PCB;
the circumferential strain gauge and the circumferential strain gauge are electrically connected and are electrically connected with the PCB after being mutually connected in series.
8. The bolt-fastening force monitoring device of claim 7, wherein the strain gauge is insulated from the first housing, the PCB board is insulated from the first housing, and the lower conductor is insulated from the first housing.
9. The bolt-fastening force monitoring device according to claim 8, wherein the first housing is provided with a first through hole, the second housing is provided with a second through hole, and the lower conductor is electrically connected to the upper conductor sequentially through the first through hole and the second through hole.
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| CN202210625314.5A CN115031885A (en) | 2022-06-02 | 2022-06-02 | Bolt fastening force monitoring device and monitoring method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116929624A (en) * | 2023-09-19 | 2023-10-24 | 广州市市政工程试验检测有限公司 | Bolt shaft force monitoring device, method, equipment and medium |
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