CN102318183B - 用于具有间接激励的同步电机的快速去激励系统 - Google Patents
用于具有间接激励的同步电机的快速去激励系统 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
- H02K19/16—Synchronous generators
- H02K19/38—Structural association of synchronous generators with exciting machines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
- H02P9/102—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load for limiting effects of transients
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
- H02P9/12—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load for demagnetising; for reducing effects of remanence; for preventing pole reversal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
- H02P9/12—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load for demagnetising; for reducing effects of remanence; for preventing pole reversal
- H02P9/126—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load for demagnetising; for reducing effects of remanence; for preventing pole reversal for preventing pole reversal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
- H02P9/302—Brushless excitation
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于具有借助于激励电机(2)和旋转整流桥(8)的间接激励的同步电机(1)的快速去激励系统,其包括:去激励阻抗(10),连接在同步电机(1)的励磁绕组(5)与旋转整流桥(8)之间;控制器(9),与去激励阻抗(10)并联连接;以及用于控制器(9)的控制电路(11),被构造为:(i)在同步电机(1)的正常操作期间,保持控制器(9)闭合,使得旋转整流桥(8)直接馈送同步电机(1)的励磁绕组(5);或(ii)当所述同步电机要被去激励时,断开控制器(9),使得去激励阻抗(10)保持与励磁绕组(5)串联并且与旋转整流桥(8)串联。
Description
技术领域
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于具有借助于旋转二极管的间接激励的同步电机的新去激励系统,从而改进去激励电机时的动态响应和安全性,这意味着,在如果发生内部短路事件时,对于电机的损坏将会更小。
背景技术
当在发电机中发生内部短路时,或者在发电机开关之前,由于发电机本身对短路的影响导致发生损坏。在这种情况下,需要尽可能快地减小激励电流,从而不会在定子中感应出电压,并且因此不会对短路造成更大的影响。
对于同步电机来说基本上存在两种类型的激励:
-借助于集电环和电刷的直接激励。
-借助于激励电机和旋转二极管的间接无刷激励。
电刷和集电环是需要维护的元件,特别是在大功率电机中。电刷随着使用而磨损并且必须进行更换和维护。而且火花和碳粉尘沉积也始终是可能问题的焦点。因此,用于无刷电感器的激励机制往往用在同步电机中。
利用间接激励消除了电刷问题,但是这具有削弱电机的动态响应的缺点,这是因为由于使用了中间元件,即另一电机(激励器),因此没有到达主发电机的激励绕组的直接通路。
在内部缺陷的情况下,激励响应速度起到了很重要的作用,限制了交流发电机对于短路的影响。
这种问题在直接激励电机中(借助于电刷)通过当发生故障时在所连接的激励电路中插入电阻器以快速去激励电机而得到解决。这在借助于旋转二极管的间接激励电机中并不是那么容易的,在这样的间接激励电机中没有到达激励绕组的直接通路。
已知公开号为WO9320614的文献涉及用于去磁无刷同步电机的方法和装置。该文献描述了同步发电机,其包括通过旋转整流桥馈送的激励电机,从而激励电流电路包括有与闸流管并联连接的能量阻尼电阻器。为了对激励去耦和,借助于通过环-刷组件发送的关闭脉冲来关闭闸流管。
已知公开号DE 1763299的文献涉及具有激励电机的同步电机。该文献描述了同步电机的使用,该同步电机包括通过旋转整流桥馈送的激励电机,从而激励电流电路包括与控制器并联连接的能量阻尼电阻器。为了关闭激励电机,提供了变压器,其中主绕组连接到控制器,并且位于激励电机外部的辅绕组进行外部操作。
发明内容
本发明的系统目标允许同步间接激励电机在去激励目的上表现得与直接激励电机类似,但是保留了无刷激励的优点。
用于具有借助于激励电机和旋转整流桥的间接激励的同步电机的快速去激励系统包括:
-去激励阻抗,优选地为电阻器,其连接在同步电机的励磁绕组和旋转整流桥之间;
-控制器,优选地为半导体类型控制器,其与去激励阻抗并联连接;
-用于控制器的控制电路,被构造为:
·在同步电机的正常操作期间保持控制器闭合,使得旋转整流桥直接馈送同步电机的励磁绕组;
·去激励同步电机(在短路的情况下,或者在同步电机与电网断开的情况下),断开控制器,使得去激励阻抗保持与励磁绕组串联并且与旋转整流桥串联。
控制电路优选地被构造为根据旋转整流桥的输出处的电压而断开控制器,从而当作用在激励器的励磁绕组上时,旋转整流桥的输出处的电压以及因此同步电机的去激励可被控制。
在特定实施例中,控装电路包括:
-分压器,其与旋转整流桥并联并且由第一辅助电阻器和第二辅助电阻器构成,所述分压器被构造为当第二电阻器上的电压达到特定值时断开控制器。
控制电路可还包括齐纳二极管,其与第二电阻器并联,以便于限制控制器的控制输入处的电压。
作为这样描述的系统的结果,在同步电机的内部缺陷的情况下,限制了损坏。在具有传统的间接激励的同步电机中,内部短路时的故障电流能够持续几秒的数量级,并且对发电机造成随后的损坏。然而,通过实施本发明目标的去激励系统,该时间被显著地减少,使损坏最小化。
在说明书和权利要求中,词语“包括”及其变形不是要排除其它技术特征、补充、组件或步骤。对于本领域技术人员来说,将部分地根据说明书并且部分地根据本发明的实践来理解本发明的其它的目标、优点以及特征。借助于举例说明来提供下面的示例和附图,并且这些示例和附图不表示限制本发明。此外,本发明涵盖这里提及的特定和优选实施例的所有可能的组合。
附图说明
图1示出了本发明的用于具有间接激励的同步电机的快速去激励系统的图。
图2示出了本发明的用于具有间接激励的同步电机的快速去激励系统的优选实施例。
图3示出了具有传统的间接激励的2MVA同步电机的端子中的短路电流的模拟的结果。
图4示出了其中包括了本发明的去激励系统的同一前述2MVA同步电机的端子中的短路电流的模拟的结果。
具体实施方式
图1示出了本发明的去激励方法的图,其中使用了下述附图标记:
-同步电机1
-激励电机2
-旋转组件3
-同步电机1的定子4
-同步电机1的励磁绕组5
-激励电机2的励磁绕组6
-激励电机2的电枢绕组7
-旋转整流桥8
-控制器9
-去激励阻抗10
-用于控制器9的控制电路11。
图2示出了优选实施例的图,其中还使用了下述附图标记:
-由第一电阻器12和第二电阻器13构成的分压器。
-用于保护控制器9的齐纳二极管14。
如在图1中看到的,用于具有间接激励的同步电机的快速去激励系统包括至少一组旋转组件,其连接在旋转整流桥8和主同步电机1的励磁绕组5之间。
所述旋转组件又至少包括去激励阻抗10、控制器9以及用于控制器9的控制电路11,这些元件又与同步电机1的励磁绕组5连接。
去激励阻抗10与励磁绕组5串联连接,并且控制器9与去激励阻抗10并联连接。
在同步电机1的正常操作的情况下,控制器9被闭合,从而旋转整流桥8馈送同步电机1的励磁绕组5,如同在传统同步电机中一样。
然而,在同步电机1要被去激励的情况下,控制电路11发送命令以断开控制器9,从而去激励阻抗10保持与同步电机1的励磁绕组5串联并且与旋转整流桥8串联,从而同步电机1的励磁绕组5中的电流由于去激励阻抗10而趋于非常快速地减弱(参见图4)。
图3和图4示出了在具有间接激励的同步电机的端子中模拟短路的两个模拟结果。图3对应于传统间接激励的情况下的短路电流,而图4示出了在前述电机中实施本发明的系统的结果,并且还能够看出的是,显著地减小了短路电流的持续时间。
半导体、IGBT晶体管等等将用作控制器9,从而防止了在诸如接触器或者自动开关的机械控制器中离心力可能引起的可能的问题。当其控制输入或者栅极处的电压为正并且具有特定值时,该半导体将额外地被触发,即导通。控制电路11将用于实现该控制电压,这样的电路11又至少包括由两个辅助电阻器即第一电阻器12和第二电阻器13形成的分压器。因此,不需要任何发电机转子之外的控制元件。最终,将借助于齐纳二极管(14)或者另外的过压保护元件来保护半导体的栅极处的输入。
Claims (6)
1.一种用于具有借助于激励电机(2)和旋转整流桥(8)的间接激励的同步电机(1)的快速去激励系统,包括:
去激励阻抗(10),连接在所述同步电机(1)的励磁绕组(5)与所述旋转整流桥(8)之间;
控制器(9),与去激励阻抗(10)并联连接;
用于所述控制器(9)的控制电路(11),其被构造为:在所述同步电机(1)的正常操作期间,保持所述控制器(9)闭合,使得所述旋转整流桥(8)直接馈送所述同步电机(1)的所述励磁绕组(5);当所述同步电机要被去激励时,断开所述控制器(9),使得所述去激励阻抗(10)保持与所述励磁绕组(5)串联并且与所述旋转整流桥(8)串联,
所述系统的特征在于:所述控制电路(11)被构造为根据所述旋转整流桥(8)的输出处的电压而断开所述控制器(9)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述控制电路(11)包括分压器,所述分压器与所述旋转整流桥(8)并联并且包括第一辅助电阻器(12)和第二辅助电阻器(13),所述分压器被构造为当所述第二辅助电阻器(13)上的电压达到特定值时闭合所述控制器(9)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的系统,其中,所述控制电路(11)还包括齐纳二极管,该齐纳二极管与所述第二辅助电阻器(13)并联并且被构造为保护所述控制器(9)。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的系统,其中,所述去激励阻抗(10)是电阻器。
5.根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的系统,其中,所述控制器(9)是静态开关。
6.根据权利要求4所述的系统,其中,所述控制器(9)是静态开关。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES200900468A ES2325729B2 (es) | 2009-02-19 | 2009-02-19 | Sistema de desexcitacion rapida para maquinas sincronas con excitacionindirecta. |
ESP200900468 | 2009-02-19 | ||
PCT/ES2010/000058 WO2010094818A1 (es) | 2009-02-19 | 2010-02-11 | Sistema de desexcitación rápida para máquinas síncronas con excitación indirecta |
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CN102318183A CN102318183A (zh) | 2012-01-11 |
CN102318183B true CN102318183B (zh) | 2014-06-04 |
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US (1) | US20110298430A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2400654B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2012518383A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20110118792A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102318183B (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI1008626B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2751943C (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2325729B2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2010094818A1 (zh) |
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DE102010001626A1 (de) * | 2010-02-05 | 2011-08-11 | Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 | Schaltungsanordnung zur Überspannungsbegrenzung einer Erregerwicklung einer Synchronmaschine mit Schnellentregung |
CN102064757B (zh) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-11-07 | 中国长江三峡集团公司 | 一种发电机事故强行励磁电路 |
EP2587661A1 (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-05-01 | ABB Technology AG | System and method for controlling a synchronous motor |
EP2786480B1 (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2020-07-22 | ABB Schweiz AG | Rotating electrical machine |
ES2394329B2 (es) * | 2012-07-09 | 2014-03-28 | Universidad Politécnica de Madrid | Sistema y método de vigilancia de un sistema de desexcitación rápida para máquinas síncronas con excitación indirecta |
JP6077131B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-30 | 2017-02-08 | シーメンス アクティエンゲゼルシャフト | 障害除去時間を延長するための装置および方法 |
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ES2534811B2 (es) * | 2014-08-07 | 2017-02-03 | Universidad Politécnica de Madrid | Sistema de supervisión para detección de cortocircuito de un elemento de maniobra de un sistema de desexcitación rápida para máquinas síncronas con excitación indirecta |
US10256758B2 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2019-04-09 | Kohler Co. | Printed circuit board based exciter |
US9590545B2 (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2017-03-07 | Kohler, Co. | Power angle calculation for alternator controller |
AT517437B1 (de) * | 2015-06-17 | 2018-06-15 | Omicron Electronics Gmbh | Prüfvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Prüfvorrichtung |
CN105660045B (zh) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-09-12 | 冯桂英 | 一种全液动枸杞采收装置 |
DE102016223624A1 (de) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-05-30 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Abschaltung einer stromerregten Synchronmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
EP3595166A1 (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2020-01-15 | ABB Schweiz AG | Method of performing fast de-excitation of a brushless synchronous machine |
RU191501U1 (ru) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-08-08 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Южно-Уральский государственный университет (национальный исследовательский университет)" (ФГАОУ ВО "ЮУрГУ (НИУ)") | Устройство гашения магнитного поля синхронной машины |
CN115296569B (zh) * | 2022-08-09 | 2023-10-03 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | 发电机励磁无弧灭磁装置及灭磁方法 |
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2010
- 2010-02-11 BR BRPI1008626-9A patent/BRPI1008626B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-02-11 CN CN201080007623.1A patent/CN102318183B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-02-11 KR KR1020117019197A patent/KR20110118792A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-02-11 JP JP2011550611A patent/JP2012518383A/ja active Pending
- 2010-02-11 US US13/201,971 patent/US20110298430A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-02-11 WO PCT/ES2010/000058 patent/WO2010094818A1/es active Application Filing
- 2010-02-11 CA CA2751943A patent/CA2751943C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-02-11 EP EP10743430.0A patent/EP2400654B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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DE2127497A1 (de) * | 1971-05-28 | 1972-12-07 | Siemens Ag | Anordnung zur Schnellentregung von bürstenlosen Synchronmaschinen, die über umlaufende ungesteuerte Gleichrichter erregt werden |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2325729A1 (es) | 2009-09-14 |
EP2400654A1 (en) | 2011-12-28 |
BRPI1008626A2 (pt) | 2016-03-01 |
CN102318183A (zh) | 2012-01-11 |
ES2325729B2 (es) | 2010-09-27 |
CA2751943C (en) | 2018-05-22 |
CA2751943A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 |
WO2010094818A1 (es) | 2010-08-26 |
JP2012518383A (ja) | 2012-08-09 |
US20110298430A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
BRPI1008626B1 (pt) | 2019-07-16 |
EP2400654A4 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
EP2400654B1 (en) | 2017-05-03 |
KR20110118792A (ko) | 2011-11-01 |
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