CN102301947A - Method for producing hybrid soybean by utilizing aboriginal pollination media - Google Patents
Method for producing hybrid soybean by utilizing aboriginal pollination media Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing a hybrid soybean by utilizing aboriginal pollination media, and relates to a production technology of hybrid seeds of crops, which is used for solving the problems that technical efficiency is low, cost is higher and industrialization is difficult in the existing hybrid soybean seed production technology. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: (1) breeding male parents with high outcrossing rate: continuously planting the male parents with average nectar volume of 20.10mm and dioptric strength of nectar of 22.85 for 2-3 years on a hybrid soybean seed production base to be established, and carrying out mass pollination by using any aboriginal pollination media; and (2) hybrid seed production: planting female parents and male parents of male sterile lines in an interlacing manner on the seed production base on which the male parents are continuously planted for 2-3 years, and carrying out mass pollination by using any one or more than one of the aboriginal pollination media (shown in the specification). By adopting the method discloses by the invention, natural outcrossing rate can reach 70-100%, seed production yield per Mu reaches 62.4-83.5kg, cost is low, and efficiency is high, thus industrialization can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crops cross breeding seed technology, be specifically related to produce the method for hybrid soybean with indigenous pollination medium.
Background technology
At present, the cross-breeding technology of the strict flower pollination of soybean crop is that honeybee, clover megachilid, the bumblebee with artificial feeding is pollination medium, realizes that under manually operated airtight solarium small size condition outcrossing rate can reach about 60%.But because Mu megachilid, bumblebee are limited because of the number of animals raised, cost is higher, is difficult to large tracts of land and promotes.
Chinese patent ZL 02135296.8; Denomination of invention " hybrid seed producing method for soybean hybrid seed "; Utilize the soybean flower thrips of nature existence in big Tofu pudding to be situated between as the pollen vector of soybean; Flower thrips can add the large group amount through artificial propagation, but pollination is limited separately, the requirements at the higher level that production of hybrid seeds effect difficulty surpasses 50 kilograms/mu.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is higher for the technological poor efficiency, the cost that solve existing hybrid soybean seeding technique existence, as to be difficult for industrialization problem, and a kind of usefulness method that indigenous pollination medium produces hybrid soybean is provided.
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
Method with indigenous pollination medium produces hybrid soybean may further comprise the steps:
(1) seed selection of high outcrossing rate male parent: on numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds base of hybrid soybean that expection will be set up; It is 20.10mm that continuous 2-3 plants average secrete nectar amount; Nectar sugar diopter is 22.85 male parent; Use comprises following any one or a few indigenous pollination medium; Carry out group type pollination; Described indigenous pollination medium is northern megachilid, yellow squama megachilid, fritter sawfly, corn hair-videotape honeybee, big legs hair-videotape honeybee, little four honeybees, the light arteries and veins of sharp eyebrow with honeybee, intend the light arteries and veins of fine hair with honeybee, considerable mud wasp Hebei, Gobi desert subspecies, the considerable mud wasp of a pile of stones, middle honeybee, flower thrips, Apis mellifera, middle honeybee, make male parent per hour effective visiting average time of every colored insect pollinator be 15.66 times/piece hours;
(2) numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds of hybridization: on the production of hybrid seeds base of continuous 2-3 plantation male parent; Selection reaches more than 10 kinds indigenous insect pollinator kind; Outcrossing rate reaches the female parent and the male parent of the regional interlacing plantation male sterile line of 25-30%; Use comprises following any one or a few indigenous pollination medium; Carry out group type pollination, described indigenous pollination medium is northern megachilid, yellow squama megachilid, fritter sawfly, corn hair-videotape honeybee, big legs hair-videotape honeybee, little four honeybees, the light arteries and veins of sharp eyebrow with honeybee, intend the light arteries and veins of fine hair with honeybee, considerable mud wasp Hebei, Gobi desert subspecies, the considerable mud wasp of a pile of stones, middle honeybee, flower thrips, Apis mellifera, middle honeybee.
Further, described plantation male parent and hybridization is during the numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds, line-spacing 1.6-1.8 chi, and 5 cun-7 cun of spacing in the rows, the beans strain of keeping under strict control is dense prosperous excessively, in order to avoid cause lodging, closing, shade and unfavorable pollination.
During numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds of described plantation male parent and hybridization, soybean florescence temperature is 24-26 ℃, and rainfall or irrigation total amount are 40-80mm,, make the beans strain be in semiarid state, to increase the secrete nectar amount of nectary.
During numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds of described hybridization, male parent is 1:1-3 with maternal row ratio.
The high outcrossing rate male parent of said seed selection has following characteristics: the flowers are in blossom that to put degree bigger for (1) high outcrossing rate male parent, and insect pollinator can easily be opened petal and pollinated; (2) the male parent kind of high outcrossing rate has the thicker form characteristics of anther wall, and the effect that discharges pollen is gradually arranged; (3) the insect pollination time is from 10:00-afternoon 3:00 in the morning; The peak period is at 11:00-13:30; This efficient time period, the critical period of accomplishing pollination just, the male parent kind of high outcrossing rate has only 1.56% pollen germination at 11:00; The back with 5.81%/hour speed sprout; High outcrossing rate male parent can provide more effective pollen for female parent in the long time, and low outcrossing rate male parent kind is at the pollen germination of 11:00 existing 16.67%, then with 15.01%/hour speed sprout; (4) high outcrossing rate male parent attraction insect pollinator quantity is many, the insect pollination effect high; (5) the male parent kind secrete nectar amount average out to 20.10mm of high outcrossing rate; And general kind only has 10.23mm, and nectar sugar diopter is 22.85, and general kind is merely 14.51; These two characteristics are that male parent attracts and the more insect pollinators of breeding, and improving outcrossing rate provides guarantee.
Utilize natural world to concern that with regard to learning of existence very close efficient indigenous pollination medium is pollinated with soybean biological; Comprise as northern megachilid, yellow squama megachilid, fritter sawfly, corn hair-videotape honeybee, big legs hair-videotape honeybee, little four honeybees, the light arteries and veins of sharp eyebrow with honeybee, intend the light arteries and veins of fine hair with honeybee, considerable mud wasp Hebei, Gobi desert subspecies, the considerable mud wasp of a pile of stones, middle honeybee, flower thrips, Apis mellifera, middle honeybee etc.; Constitute the wild naturally pollination population mixture of soybean media; Carry out group type pollination, can reach under the complete open condition efficient requirement the pollination benefit.The population structure of media colony, group size, dominant population have notable difference because of the region is different.
The method of artificial these indigenous pollination medium sociales of migration: be about to newly-built production of hybrid seeds base; If local indigenous pollination medium kind quantity is less, under the booster action of manual work, can pollination medium be moved; Mode is in the more region of pollination medium; Throw in this seminar development special use can be by the wooden septum of pollination medium as nest, fetch indoorly after local indigenous insect pollinator lays eggs in nest, throw in newly-built production of hybrid seeds base early spring in next year and can realize migration.
The control of wild naturally pollination medium natural enemy: when yellow squama megachilid goes out nest, its natural enemy can manual work be pounced on and catch, to protect the yellow phosphorus megachilid.
Through nearly 30 years studying for a long period of time, the rainfall in late June to early August at soybean florescence is to influence the technological principal element of hybrid soybean breeding high efficiency seed with temperature, and rainfall is more more outstanding than action of temperature.
From 2001 to 2010 in the Qi County 9 numerous kind production of hybrid seeds base such as Qiao Jia mountain villa makes an experiment, wherein numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds outcrossing rate in 2006 reaches 70%, hybrid seed yield reaches 63.5 kilograms/mu; 9 numerous kind production of hybrid seeds bases such as Qiao Jia mountain villa, Qi County in 2010, numerous kind of outcrossing rate reaches 80-100%, and hybrid seed yield reaches 83.5 kilograms/mu, and these 2 years is two high yield years of the numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds over 10 years in the past.From temperature, 5 mean of dekan temperature at 2006 and florescence in 2010 are respectively 25.38 ℃, 24.36 ℃, and are almost approaching with 24.6 ℃ preceding 10 years of mean values.Analyze from rainfall, 5 ten days of florescence in 2006, total rainfall was 72.8 mm, and 2010 is 48.0 mm, be respectively the preceding 10 year same period mean value 106.8mm 72.8% and 48.0%.Further research shows that rainfall makes agglomerating, the also sprouting at once of bonding rapidly of big tofu pudding; Simultaneously insect pollinator does not go out nest and pollinates between flush period, thereby causes outcrossing rate low, and numerous kind of hybrid seed yield reduces greatly.Comprehensive research to meteorological factors such as the rainfall at soybean florescence of production of hybrid seeds region, temperature in continuous 10 years in the past; The quantum of rainfall of the late June at soybean florescence to early August is at 40-80mm, and 5 means of dekan are that temperature is comparatively suitable hybrid soybean breeding high efficiency seed The Application of Technology region at 24-26 ℃.
The present invention's nature outcrossing rate can reach 70%-100%, and the mu hybrid seed yield reaches 62.4kg-83.5kg, and cost is low, and efficient is high, can realize industrialization.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Method with indigenous pollination medium produces hybrid soybean may further comprise the steps:
(1) seed selection of high outcrossing rate male parent: on numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds base of hybrid soybean that expection will be set up; Continuous 2 years plant average secrete nectar amount is 20.10mm; Nectar sugar diopter is 22.85 male parent, line-spacing 1.6 chis, 7 cun of spacing in the rows; Control soybean florescence temperature is 26 ℃; Rainfall or irrigation total amount are 60mm, use to comprise following indigenous pollination medium, carry out group type pollination; Described indigenous pollination medium is northern megachilid, yellow squama megachilid, fritters sawfly, corn hair-videotape honeybee, big legs hair-videotape honeybee, little four honeybees, the light arteries and veins of sharp eyebrow with honeybee, Apis mellifera, middle honeybee, make male parent per hour effective visiting average time of every colored insect pollinator be 15.66 times/piece hours;
(2) numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds of hybridization: on the production of hybrid seeds base of continuous 2 years plantation male parents; Selection reaches more than 10 kinds indigenous insect pollinator kind; Outcrossing rate reaches the female parent and the male parent of 25% regional interlacing plantation male sterile line, and male parent and maternal row are than being 1:2, line-spacing 1.6 chis; 6 cun of spacing in the rows; Control soybean florescence temperature is 25 ℃, and rainfall or irrigation total amount are 60mm, use to comprise following several kinds indigenous pollination medium; Carry out group type pollination, described indigenous pollination medium be northern megachilid, yellow squama megachilid, the light arteries and veins of sharp eyebrow with honeybee, intend the light arteries and veins of fine hair with honeybee, considerable mud wasp Hebei, Gobi desert subspecies, the considerable mud wasp of a pile of stones, middle honeybee, flower thrips, Apis mellifera, middle honeybee etc.
Embodiment 2
Method with indigenous pollination medium produces hybrid soybean may further comprise the steps:
(1) seed selection of high outcrossing rate male parent: on numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds base of hybrid soybean that expection will be set up, continuous 3 years plant average secrete nectar amount is 20.10mm, and nectar sugar diopter is 22.85 male parent; Line-spacing 1.7 chis; 6 cun of spacing in the rows, control soybean florescence temperature is 25 ℃, the irrigation total amount is 40mm; Use comprises following indigenous pollination medium; Carry out group type pollination, described indigenous pollination medium is northern megachilid, yellow squama megachilid, fritters sawfly, corn hair-videotape honeybee, big legs hair-videotape honeybee, little four honeybees, the light arteries and veins of sharp eyebrow with honeybee, make male parent per hour effective visiting average time of every colored insect pollinator be 15.66 times/piece hours;
(2) numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds of hybridization: on the production of hybrid seeds base of continuous 3 years plantation male parents, select indigenous insect pollinator kind is reached more than 10 kinds, outcrossing rate reaches the female parent and the male parent of 25% regional interlacing plantation male sterile line; Male parent is 1:3 with maternal row ratio; Line-spacing 1.8 chis, 5 cun of spacing in the rows, control soybean florescence temperature is 24 ℃; Rainfall or irrigation total amount are 40mm; Use comprises following several kinds indigenous pollination medium, carries out group type pollination, described indigenous pollination medium be northern megachilid, yellow squama megachilid, the light arteries and veins of sharp eyebrow with honeybee, intend the light arteries and veins of fine hair with honeybee, considerable mud wasp Hebei, Gobi desert subspecies, the considerable mud wasp of a pile of stones, middle honeybee, flower thrips, Apis mellifera.
Embodiment 3
Method with indigenous pollination medium produces hybrid soybean may further comprise the steps:
(1) seed selection of high outcrossing rate male parent: on numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds base of hybrid soybean that expection will be set up, continuous 2 years plant average secrete nectar amount is 20.10mm, and nectar sugar diopter is 22.85 male parent; Line-spacing 1.8 chis; 5 cun of spacing in the rows, control soybean florescence temperature is 24 ℃, rainfall or irrigation total amount are 80mm; Use comprises following indigenous pollination medium; Carry out group type pollination, described indigenous pollination medium is northern megachilid, yellow squama megachilid, fritters sawfly, corn hair-videotape honeybee, big legs hair-videotape honeybee, little four honeybees, the light arteries and veins of sharp eyebrow with honeybee, make male parent per hour effective visiting average time of every colored insect pollinator be 15.66 times/piece hours;
(2) numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds of hybridization: on the production of hybrid seeds base of continuous 2 years plantation male parents, select indigenous insect pollinator kind is reached more than 10 kinds, outcrossing rate reaches the female parent and the male parent of 25% regional interlacing plantation male sterile line; Male parent is 1:1 with maternal row ratio; Line-spacing 1.7 chis, 5 cun of spacing in the rows, control soybean florescence temperature is 26 ℃; Rainfall or irrigation total amount are 80mm; Use comprises following several kinds indigenous pollination medium, carries out group type pollination, and described indigenous pollination medium is northern megachilid, yellow squama megachilid, considerable mud wasp Hebei, Gobi desert subspecies, the considerable mud wasp of a pile of stones, middle honeybee, flower thrips, Apis mellifera, middle honeybee.
Claims (4)
1. method of producing hybrid soybean with indigenous pollination medium is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) seed selection of high outcrossing rate male parent: on numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds base of hybrid soybean that expection will be set up; It is 20.10mm that continuous 2-3 plants average secrete nectar amount; Nectar sugar diopter is 22.85 male parent; Use comprises following any one or a few indigenous pollination medium; Carry out group type pollination; Described indigenous pollination medium is northern megachilid, yellow squama megachilid, fritter sawfly, corn hair-videotape honeybee, big legs hair-videotape honeybee, little four honeybees, the light arteries and veins of sharp eyebrow with honeybee, intend the light arteries and veins of fine hair with honeybee, considerable mud wasp Hebei, Gobi desert subspecies, the considerable mud wasp of a pile of stones, middle honeybee, flower thrips, Apis mellifera, middle honeybee, make male parent per hour effective visiting average time of every colored insect pollinator be 15.66 times/piece hours;
(2) numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds of hybridization: on the production of hybrid seeds base of continuous 2-3 plantation male parent; Selection reaches more than 10 kinds indigenous insect pollinator kind; Outcrossing rate reaches the female parent and the male parent of the regional interlacing plantation male sterile line of 25-30%; Use comprises following any one or a few indigenous pollination medium; Carry out group type pollination, described indigenous pollination medium is northern megachilid, yellow squama megachilid, fritter sawfly, corn hair-videotape honeybee, big legs hair-videotape honeybee, little four honeybees, the light arteries and veins of sharp eyebrow with honeybee, intend the light arteries and veins of fine hair with honeybee, considerable mud wasp Hebei, Gobi desert subspecies, the considerable mud wasp of a pile of stones, middle honeybee, flower thrips, Apis mellifera, middle honeybee etc.
2. the method that the indigenous pollination medium of usefulness according to claim 1 produces hybrid soybean, when it is characterized in that numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds of described plantation male parent and hybridization, line-spacing 1.6-1.8 chi, 5 cun-7 cun of spacing in the rows.
3. the method that the indigenous pollination medium of usefulness according to claim 1 and 2 produces hybrid soybean, when it is characterized in that numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds of described plantation male parent and hybridization, soybean florescence temperature is 24-26 ℃, rainfall or irrigation total amount are 40-80mm.
4. the method that the indigenous pollination medium of usefulness according to claim 1 and 2 produces hybrid soybean, when it is characterized in that numerous kind of production of hybrid seeds of described hybridization, male parent is 1:1-3 with maternal row ratio.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106472301A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-08 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of method for improving soybean sterile line fecundity |
| CN109924093A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-25 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of wild insect pollinator realization hybrid soybean Seed Industrialization production method of culture |
| CN113367061A (en) * | 2021-05-29 | 2021-09-10 | 吉林省养蜂科学研究所（吉林省蜂产品质量管理监督站、吉林省蜜蜂遗传资源基因保护中心） | Method for improving pollination rate of soybeans |
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| CN1391795A (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2003-01-22 | 山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | Hybrid seed producing method for soybean hybrid seed |
| CN101946690A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2011-01-19 | 山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | Seed selection method of male parent with high outcrossing rate for producing seed of hybrid soybean |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1391795A (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2003-01-22 | 山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | Hybrid seed producing method for soybean hybrid seed |
| CN101946690A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2011-01-19 | 山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | Seed selection method of male parent with high outcrossing rate for producing seed of hybrid soybean |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106472301A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-08 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of method for improving soybean sterile line fecundity |
| CN109924093A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-25 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of wild insect pollinator realization hybrid soybean Seed Industrialization production method of culture |
| CN113367061A (en) * | 2021-05-29 | 2021-09-10 | 吉林省养蜂科学研究所（吉林省蜂产品质量管理监督站、吉林省蜜蜂遗传资源基因保护中心） | Method for improving pollination rate of soybeans |
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