CN102292868B - 用于无线功率的接收天线布置 - Google Patents

用于无线功率的接收天线布置 Download PDF

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CN102292868B
CN102292868B CN200980135159.1A CN200980135159A CN102292868B CN 102292868 B CN102292868 B CN 102292868B CN 200980135159 A CN200980135159 A CN 200980135159A CN 102292868 B CN102292868 B CN 102292868B
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ring shaped
shaped conductor
factor
reception antenna
electronic installation
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CN102292868A (zh
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奈杰尔·P·库克
卢卡斯·西贝尔
汉斯彼得·威德默
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Qualcomm Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/248—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set provided with an AC/DC converting device, e.g. rectennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
    • H01Q1/2225—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in active tags, i.e. provided with its own power source or in passive tags, i.e. deriving power from RF signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00036—Charger exchanging data with battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with provisions for charging different types of batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

示范性实施例是针对无线充电。电子装置可包括至少一个接收天线，其集成在电子装置内，且经配置以从无线发射天线接收无线功率。另外，所述至少一个接收天线可与所述电子装置内的每一导电组件间隔开，其间具有适于实现在环形导体周围形成磁场的间隙。

Description

用于无线功率的接收天线布置
根据35U.S.C.§119主张优先权
本申请案根据35U.S.C.§119(e)主张以下申请案的优先权：
2008年9月8日申请的标题为“将无线充电天线集成到移动装置中(INTEGRATIONOF WIRELESS CHARGING ANTENNAS INTO MOBILE DEVICES)”的第61/095,264号美国临时专利申请案，其揭示内容特此以全文引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明大体上涉及无线充电，且更具体地说，涉及与经配置以用于集成在电子装置内的无线接收天线有关的装置、系统和方法。
背景技术
通常，例如无线电子装置等每种被供电的装置均需要其自身的有线充电器和电源，所述电源通常为交流电(AC)电源插座。当许多装置需要充电时，此有线配置变得不便操作。
正在开发使用发射器与耦合到待充电电子装置的接收器之间的空中或无线功率发射的方法。接收天线收集辐射的功率，并将其整流为用于为所述装置供电或为所述装置的电池充电的可用功率。
无线能量发射可基于发射天线、无线接收天线以及嵌入待供电或充电的主机电子装置中的整流电路之间的耦合。无线充电中的一个重要要素是可集成在电子装置内的无线接收天线的质量因数。无线接收天线的质量因数可能受接近无线接收天线而存在的磁场影响。除无线接收天线之外，电子装置还可包含各种导电组件，所述导电组件可能会不良地影响相关联的无线接收天线的性能。具体地说，导电组件可能会不利地影响邻近无线接收天线而存在的磁场的行为。需要提供一种其中集成有接收天线且用增强所集成的接收天线的质量因数和电感的方式配置的电子装置。
附图说明
图1说明无线功率发射系统的简化框图。
图2说明无线功率发射系统的简化示意图。
图3说明根据示范性实施例的环形天线的示意图。
图4是根据示范性实施例的接收器的简化框图。
图5是根据示范性实施例的包含至少一个接收天线的电子装置的简化横截面图。
图6是根据示范性实施例的包含至少一个接收天线的另一电子装置的简化横截面图。
图7是根据示范性实施例的包含至少一个接收天线的又一电子装置的简化横截面图。
图8是根据示范性实施例的包含至少一个接收天线的电子装置的横截面图。
图9是根据示范性实施例的包含至少一个接收天线的另一电子装置的横截面图。
图10是根据示范性实施例的包含至少一个接收天线的电子装置的简化平面图。
图11是根据示范性实施例的包含至少一个接收天线的另一电子装置的简化平面图。
图12描绘根据示范性实施例的包含至少一个接收天线的电子装置。
图13是描绘图12的电子装置的另一图示说明。
图14说明根据示范性实施例的其中集成接收天线的环形导体与导电组件间隔开的电子装置。
图15说明根据示范性实施例的将无线接收天线集成到电子装置中的方法的流程图。
图16说明根据示范性实施例的为电子装置充电的方法的流程图。
图17A和图17B描绘根据示范性实施例的单环导体接收天线。
图18A和图18B描绘根据示范性实施例的多环导体接收天线。
具体实施方式
词语“示范性的”在本文中意味着“充当实例、例子或说明”。本文中被描述为“示范性的”任何实施例不一定要被理解为比其它实施例优选或有利。
希望下文结合附图阐述的详细描述是对示范性实施例的描述，且并不希望表示可实践本发明的仅有实施例。贯穿此描述所使用的术语“示范性”意味着“充当实例、例子或说明”，且应不一定将其解释为比其它示范性实施例优选或有利。出于提供对本发明的示范性实施例的透彻理解的目的，详细描述包括特定细节。所属领域的技术人员将显而易见，可在无这些特定细节的情况下实践本发明的示范性实施例。在一些情况下，以框图形式展示众所周知的结构及装置以避免使本文中所呈现的示范性实施例的新颖性模糊不清。
本文使用术语“无线功率”来表示在不使用物理电磁导体的情况下从发射器发射到接收器的与电场、磁场、电磁场或其它相关联的任何形式的能量。本文中描述系统中的功率转换以用无线方式为包含(例如)移动电话、无绳电话、iPod、MP3播放器、头戴耳机等的装置充电。一般来说，无线能量传送的一个基本原理包含使用例如30MHz以下的频率的磁性耦合谐振(即，谐振电感)。然而，可采用各种频率，包含准许相对高辐射电平下的免许可(license-exempt)操作的频率，例如135kHz(LF)以下或13.56MHz(HF)。在通常由射频识别(RFID)系统使用的这些频率下，系统必须遵守例如欧洲EN300330或美国FCC第15部分规范等干扰和安全标准。作为说明而非限制，本文使用缩写词LF和HF，其中“LF”指代f0＝135kHz且“HF”指代f0＝13.56MHz。
图1说明根据各种示范性实施例的无线功率发射系统100。将输入功率102提供到发射器104，以用于产生磁场106，用于提供能量传送。接收器108耦合到磁场106并产生输出功率110供耦合到输出功率110的装置(未图示)储存或消耗。发射器104与接收器108两者分开距离112。在一个示范性实施例中，发射器104和接收器108根据相互谐振关系而配置，且当接收器108的谐振频率与发射器104的谐振频率匹配时，当接收器108位于磁场106的“近场”时，发射器104与接收器108之间的发射损耗极小。
发射器104进一步包含用于提供用于能量发射的装置的发射天线114，且接收器108进一步包含用于提供用于能量接收或耦合的装置的接收天线118。发射天线和接收天线的大小根据应用和待与之相关联的装置来确定。如所陈述，通过将发射天线的近场中的能量的大部分耦合到接收天线而不是将电磁波中的大部分能量传播到远场而发生有效能量传送。在此近场中，可在发射天线114与接收天线118之间建立耦合。天线114和118周围的可能发生此近场耦合的区域在本文中称为耦合模式区。
图2展示无线功率发射系统的简化示意图。由输入功率102驱动的发射器104包含振荡器122、功率放大器124和滤波器及匹配电路126。振荡器经配置以产生所需频率，所述所需频率可响应于调节信号123来调节。振荡器信号可由功率放大器124用响应于控制信号125的放大量放大。可包含滤波器及匹配电路126以滤除谐波或其它不想要的频率，且使发射器104的阻抗与发射天线114匹配。
接收器108可包含匹配电路132和整流器及开关电路134以产生DC功率输出，用来为如图2所示的电池136充电或为耦合到接收器的装置(未图示)供电。可包含匹配电路132以使接收器108的阻抗与接收天线118匹配。
如图3中说明，示范性实施例中使用的天线可配置为“环形”天线150，其在本文中也可称为“磁性”、“谐振”或“磁谐振”天线。环形天线可经配置以包含空气磁心或例如铁氧体磁心等物理磁心。此外，空气磁心环形天线允许将其它组件放置在磁心区域内。另外，空气磁心环可容易实现将接收天线118(图2)放置在发射天线114(图2)的耦合模式区可更有效的发射天线114(图2)的平面内。
如所陈述，发射器104与接收器108之间的能量的有效传送在发射器104与接收器108之间的匹配或近乎匹配的谐振期间发生。然而，即使当发射器104与接收器108之间的谐振不匹配时，能量也可在较低效率下传送。通过将来自发射天线的近场的能量耦合到驻留在建立此近场的邻域中的接收天线而不是将来自发射天线的能量传播到自由空间中而发生能量的传送。
环形天线的谐振频率是基于电感和电容。环形天线中的电感通常为环所形成的电感，而电容通常被添加到环形天线的电感以在所需谐振频率下形成谐振结构。作为一非限制性实例，可将电容器152和电容器154添加到天线以形成产生正弦或准正弦信号156的谐振电路。因此，对于较大直径的环形天线，引发谐振所需的电容大小随环的直径或电感的增加而减小。此外，随着环形天线的直径增加，近场的有效能量传送区域针对“短距离”耦合装置增加。当然，其它谐振电路也是可能的。作为另一非限制性实例，电容器可并联放置在环形天线的两个端子之间。另外，所属领域的一般技术人员将认识到，对于发射天线，谐振信号156可为对环形天线150的输入。
本发明的示范性实施例包含处于彼此的近场的两个天线之间的耦合功率。如所陈述，近场是天线周围存在电磁场但电磁场可能不会从天线传播或辐射出去的区域。其通常限于接近天线的物理体积的体积。在本发明的示范性实施例中，例如单匝或多匝环形天线等天线用于发射(Tx)和接收(Rx)天线系统两者，因为可能围绕天线的环境大部分为电介质且因此对磁场的影响比对电场小。此外，还预期主要配置为“电”天线(例如，偶极和单极)或磁性天线与电天线的组合的天线。
Tx天线可在足够低的频率下操作，且其天线大小足够大以实现在比早先提及的远场和电感方法所允许的显著更大的距离处到小Rx天线的良好耦合效率(例如，＞10％)。如果正确地确定了Tx天线的大小，则可在主机装置上的Rx天线放置在被驱动的Tx环形天线的耦合模式区(即，在近场或强耦合体系中)内时实现高耦合效率(例如，30％)。
图4是根据示范性实施例的接收器的框图。接收器300包含接收电路302和接收天线304。接收器300进一步耦合到装置350，用于向其提供所接收到的功率。应注意，将接收器300说明为在装置350外部，但接收器300可集成到装置350中。一般来说，能量无线传播到接收天线304，且接着通过接收电路302耦合到装置350。
将接收天线304调谐为在与发射天线204(图10)相同的频率或几乎相同的频率下谐振。接收天线304可与发射天线204具有类似尺寸，或可基于相关联的装置350的尺寸而具有不同大小。举例来说，装置350可为直径或长度尺寸小于发射天线204的直径或长度的便携式电子装置。在此实例中，可将接收天线304实施为多匝天线，以便减小调谐电容器(未图示)的电容值，且增加接收天线的阻抗。举例来说，可将接收天线304放置在装置350的实质圆周周围，以便使天线直径最大化，且减少接收天线的环匝(即，绕组)数目并减小绕组间电容。
接收电路302提供与接收天线304的阻抗匹配。接收电路302包含功率转换电路306，用于将接收到的RF能源转换成充电功率供装置350使用。功率转换电路306包含RF/DC转换器308，且还可包含DC/DC转换器310。RF/DC转换器308将在接收天线304处接收到的RF能量信号整流为非交流功率，而DC/DC转换器310将经整流的RF能量信号转换成与装置350兼容的能量电位(例如电压)。预期各种RF/DC转换器，包含部分和全整流器、调节器、桥接器、倍增器以及线性和切换转换器。
接收电路302可进一步包含切换电路312，用于将接收天线304连接到功率转换电路306，或者用于断开功率转换电路306。使接收天线304从功率转换电路306断开不仅中止装置350的充电，而且如下文更全面地阐释，改变如由发射器200(图2)“经历”的“负载”。如上文所揭示，发射器200包含负载感测电路216，其检测提供给发射器功率放大器210的偏流中的波动。因此，发射器200具有用于确定发射器的近场中何时存在接收器的机制。
接收电路302可进一步包含信令检测器和信标电路314，其用于识别接收能量波动，所述接收能量波动可对应于从发射器到接收器的信息信令。此外，信令和信标电路314还可用于检测减小的RF信号能量(即，信标信号)的发射，且将减小的RF信号能量整流为用于唤醒接收电路302内无电力或电力耗尽的电路以便配置接收电路302以用于无线充电的标称功率。
接收电路302进一步包含处理器316，其用于协调本文所描述的接收器300的处理，包含对本文所描述的切换电路312的控制。接收器300的隐匿也可在发生包含检测到将充电功率提供给装置350的外部有线充电源(例如，壁装电源/USB电源)在内的其它事件后即刻发生。处理器316除控制接收器的隐匿之外，还可监视信标电路314以确定信标状态且提取从发射器发送的消息。处理器316还可调整DC/DC转换器310以实现改进的性能。
本文所揭示的各种示范性实施例涉及一个或一个以上无线接收天线，其经配置以用于无线充电，且进一步经配置以用在每一接收天线的环形导体与电子装置内的任何导电组件之间提供间隙(即，物理间隔)的方式集成在电子装置内。因此，所述间隙可提供逸出路径，所述逸出路径可使磁场能够在环形导体周围存在。应注意，本文提到的“逸出路径”可存在于任一组件的空余区域空隙内，可存在于由非导电材料(例如塑料)组成的区域内，或上述情况的任一组合。还应注意，根据各种示范性实施例，如本文所描述，无线接收天线可经配置以根据现存电子装置而改型，或作为其初始设计和制造的一部分而制作。
举例来说，根据一个示范性实施例，无线接收天线可用以下方式集成在电子装置内：其中无线接收天线的环形导体与电子装置内的每一导电组件间隔开充足距离，以便防止相关联无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数在所述天线集成后即刻降级约为四的因数以上。换句话说，无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数不应比无线接收天线在集成到电子装置中之后的质量因数大实质上四倍以上。应注意，大于因数四的质量因数的降级可能指示天线与至少一个导电组件之间的间隔距离不够。
根据另一示范性实施例，无线接收天线可用以下方式集成在电子装置内：其中无线接收天线的环形导体与电子装置内的每一导电组件间隔开充足距离，以便使相关联无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数在所述天线集成后即刻降级至少因数二。换句话说，无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数应比无线接收天线在集成到电子装置中之后的质量因数大实质上两倍以上。作为更具体的非限制实例，可将无线接收天线的环形导体集成到电子装置中，且使其与电子装置内的每一导电组件间隔开至少约1到2毫米。
应注意，如本文所描述，无线接收天线可包括电性较小的天线。如所属领域的技术人员将理解，电性较小的天线是最大几何尺寸远小于操作波长的天线。可将电性较小的天线定义为可适合弧度球体(radiansphere)的一部分的天线，所述弧度球体是半径rmax被定义为以下等式的球体：
(1)rmax＝l/k＝λ/2π＝c/2πf＝dmax/2；
其中：k为波数，l为波长，c为光速，f为频率，且dmax为弧度球体的直径。
图5描绘根据示范性实施例的其中集成有至少一个无线接收天线的电子装置500的简化横截面图。电子装置500可包括任何电子装置，例如(仅是举例)蜂窝式电话、便携式媒体播放器、相机、游戏装置、导航装置、头戴耳机(例如，蓝牙头戴耳机)、工具、玩具或其任一组合。电子装置500可包含第一表面510和第二表面508，其中第二表面508可包含金属框。另外，电子装置500包含无线接收天线的环形导体502，其可经配置以用于无线充电，且可以可操作地耦合到可充电电池504(其可包含金属外壳)。
如图5中所说明，环形导体502与第一表面508和可充电电池504中的每一者间隔开，其间具有间隙506。本文所使用的术语“间隙”可包括空余的空间、包括非导电组件的空间或其组合。在图5所描绘的实例中，间隙506的一部分包含位于环形导体502与可充电电池504之间的空余空间505。另外，间隙506的另一部分包含位于环形导体502与第一表面508之间的空余空间511。因此，间隙506可为磁场提供逸出路径，所述磁场可与环形导体502相关联且邻近于环形导体502。具体地说，如所配置，电子装置500可提供完全围绕环形导体502的逸出路径。如上文所提到，邻近环形导体502的逸出路径可使磁场能够存在于环形导体502周围，且因此可增强相关联的无线接收天线的功能性。此外，可限制由于导电组件(即，可充电电池504、第二表面508或两者)而产生的对邻近环形导体502且与环形导体502相关联的磁场的任何不利影响。
应注意，无线接收天线可用以下方式集成到电子装置500中：其中无线接收天线的环形导体502与第一表面508和可充电电池504中的每一者间隔开充足距离，以便防止无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数在所述天线集成后即刻降级约为四的因数以上。换句话说，无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数不应比无线接收天线在集成到电子装置500中之后的质量因数大实质上四倍以上。作为更具体的非限制实例，可将环形导体502集成到电子装置500中，且使其与可充电电池504间隔开约1到2毫米。
图6描绘根据示范性实施例的其中集成有至少一个接收天线的另一电子装置600的简化横截面图。类似于图5中所描绘的电子装置500，电子装置600包含第一表面610和第二表面608，其中第二表面608可包含金属框。电子装置500进一步包含无线接收天线的环形导体602，其可经配置以用于无线充电，且可以可操作地耦合到可充电电池604(其可包含金属外壳)。此外，电子装置600包含组件609，其邻近环形导体602的一部分，且由非导电材料组成。
如图6中所说明，环形导体602与可充电电池604隔开，间隙606位于其间。具体地说，间隙606的一部分包含位于环形导体602与可充电电池604之间的空余空间605。因此，可限制由可充电电池604导致的对邻近环形导体602且与环形导体602相关联的磁场的任何不利影响。
此外，应注意，间隙606的另一部分可包括组件609的一部分。如上文所提到，因为磁场可存在于非导电部分中和非导电部分周围，因此组件609可能不会不利地影响与环形导体602相关联且邻近环形导本602的磁场。因此，间隙606可为磁场提供逸出路径，所述磁场可与环形导体相关联且邻近环形导体。具体地说，如所配置，电子装置600可提供完全围绕环形导体602的逸出路径。如上文所提到，邻近环形导体602的逸出路径可使磁场能够存在于环形导体602周围，且因此可增强相关联的无线接收天线的功能性。
应进一步注意，无线接收天线可用以下方式集成到电子装置600中：其中无线接收天线的环形导体602与可充电电池604间隔开充足距离，以便防止无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数在所述天线集成后即刻降级约为四的因数以上。换句话说，无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数不应比无线接收天线在集成到电子装置600中之后的质量因数大实质上四倍以上。作为更具体的非限制实例，可将环形导体602集成到电子装置600中，且使其与可充电电池604间隔开约1到2毫米。
图7描绘根据示范性实施例的其中集成有至少一个接收天线的电子装置700的又一实例的简化横截面图。类似于上文所述的电子装置500和600，电子装置700包含第一表面710和第二表面708，第二表面708可包含金属框。电子装置700可进一步包含无线接收天线的环形导体702，其可经配置以用于无线充电，且可以可操作地耦合到可充电电池704(其可包含金属外壳)。此外，电子装置700包含组件709，其邻近环形导体702，且由非导电材料组成。
如图7中所描绘，环形导体702远离可充电电池704和第二表面708中的每一者，间隙706位于其间。具体地说，间隙706的一部分包含位于环形导体702与可充电电池704之间的空余空间705。另外，间隙706的另一部分包含位于环形导体702与第二表面708之间的空余空间711。因此，可限制由于可充电电池704、第二表面708或此两者而导致的对邻近环形导体702且与环形导体702相关联的磁场的任何不利影响。
此外，应注意，间隙706的另一部分可包含组件709的一部分。如上文所提到，因为磁场可存在于非导电部分中和非导电部分周围，因此组件709可能不会不利地影响邻近环形导体702且与环形导体702相关联的磁场。因此，间隙706可为磁场提供逸出路径，所述磁场可与环形导体702相关联且邻近环形导体702。如上文所提到，邻近环形导体702的逸出路径可使磁场能够存在于环形导体702周围，且因此可增强相关联的无线接收天线的功能性。具体地说，如所配置，电子装置700可提供完全围绕环形导体702的逸出路径。
应进一步注意，无线接收天线可用以下方式集成到电子装置700中：其中无线接收天线的环形导体702与第二表面708和可充电电池704中的每一者间隔开充足距离，以便防止无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数在所述天线集成后即刻降级约为四的因数以上。换句话说，无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数不应比无线接收天线在集成到电子装置700中之后的质量因数大实质上四倍以上。作为更具体的非限制实例，可将环形导体702集成到电子装置700中，且使其与可充电电池704间隔开约1到2毫米。
图8说明根据示范性实施例的其中集成有至少一个接收天线的电子装置570的横截面图。电子装置570包含显示装置574，其可包括环绕显示区域和键盘(未图示)的金属框。电子装置570还包含邻近印刷电路板578的电子器件模块576，印刷电路板578和电子器件模块576中的每一者可包含导电材料。另外，电子装置570包含：电池580，其具有金属外壳和RF电子器件；以及天线模块582，其可包含各种导电组件。此外，电子装置570包含具有金属外壳的相机584。
如图8中所说明，无线接收天线的可经配置以用于无线充电的环形导体572可用包含位于环形导体572与电子装置570内的每一导电组件之间的间隙586的方式集成在电子装置570内。因此，间隙586可为磁场(其可邻近环形导体572而存在)提供逸出路径。如上文所提到，邻近环形导体572的逸出路径可使磁场能够存在于环形导体572周围，且因此可增强相关联的无线接收天线的功能性。具体地说，如所配置，电子装置570可提供完全围绕环形导体572的逸出路径。另外，可限制由一个或一个以上导电组件导致的对邻近环形导体572且与环形导体572相关联的磁场的任何不利影响。
应进一步注意，无线接收天线可用以下方式集成到电子装置570中：其中无线接收天线的环形导体572与电子装置570内的每一导电组件间隔开充足距离，以便防止无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数在所述天线集成后即刻降级约为四的因数以上。换句话说，无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数不应比无线接收天线在集成到电子装置570中之后的质量因数大实质上四倍以上。作为更具体的非限制实例，可将环形导体572集成到电子装置570中，且使其与每一导电组件间隔开至少约1到2毫米。
图9说明根据示范性实施例的其中集成有至少一个接收天线的另一电子装置670的横截面图。电子装置670包含显示装置674，其可包括环绕显示区域和键盘(未图示)的金属框。电子装置670还包含邻近印刷电路板678的电子器件模块676，印刷电路板678和电子器件模块676中的每一者可包含导电材料。另外，电子装置670包含：电池680，其具有金属外壳和RF电子器件；以及天线模块682，其可包含各种导电组件。此外，电子装置670包含具有金属外壳的相机684。另外，电子装置670包含组件688，其邻近无线接收天线672，且由非导电材料组成。
如图9中所描绘，接收天线的可经配置以用于无线充电的环形导体672可用包含位于环形导体672与电子装置670内的每一导电组件之间的间隙686的方式集成在电子装置670内。换句话说，环形导体672与电子装置670内的每一导电组件隔开间隙686的一部分。因此，可限制由电子装置670内的一个或一个以上导电组件导致的对邻近环形导体672且与环形导体672相关联的磁场的任何不利影响。
此外，应注意，间隙686的另一部分可包括组件688的一部分。如上文所描述，磁场可存在于非导电组件中和非导电组件周围，且因此组件688可能不会不利地影响邻近环形导体672的磁场。因此，间隙686可为磁场提供逸出路径，所述磁场可与环形导体672相关联且邻近环形导体672。具体地说，如所配置，电子装置670可提供完全围绕环形导体672的逸出路径。如上文所提到，邻近环形导体672的逸出路径可使磁场能够存在于环形导体672周围，且因此可增强相关联的无线接收天线的功能性。
应进一步注意，无线接收天线可用以下方式集成到电子装置670中：其中将无线接收天线的环形导体672与电子装置670内的每一导电组件间隔开充足距离，以便防止无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数在所述天线集成后即刻降级大于约为四的因数。换句话说，无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数不应比无线接收天线在集成到电子装置670中之后的质量因数大实质上四倍以上。作为更具体的非限制实例，可将环形导体672集成到电子装置670中，且使其与每一导电组件间隔开约至少约1到2毫米。
图10说明根据示范性实施例的具有集成于其中且经配置以用于无线充电的至少一个接收天线的电子装置800的简化平面图。电子装置800可包含外表面803，其可包括金属框。另外，电子装置800可进一步包含无线接收天线的可以可操作地耦合到可充电电池804(其可包含金属外壳)的环形导体802。如所说明，环形导体802集成在电子装置800内，且与可充电电池804和外表面803中的每一者间隔开间隙806。举例来说，可将环形导体802集成到电子装置800中，且使其与外表面803和可充电电池804中的每一者间隔开充足距离，以便防止相关联的无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数在集成后即刻降级大于约为四的因数。换句话说，无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数不应比无线接收天线在集成到电子装置800中之后的质量因数大实质上四倍以上。作为更具体的非限制实例，可将环形导体802集成到电子装置800中，且使其与可充电电池804和外表面803中的每一者间隔开至少约1到2毫米或以上。
因此，间隙806可为可能邻近于环形导体802且与环形导体802相关联的磁场提供逸出路径。具体地说，如所配置，电子装置800可提供完全围绕环形导体802的逸出路径。如上文所提到，邻近环形导体802的逸出路径可使磁场能够存在于环形导体802周围，且因此可增强相关联的无线接收天线的功能性。此外，可限制由外表面803、可充电电池804或此两者导致的对邻近环形导体802且与环形导体802相关联的磁场的任何不利影响。
图11描绘根据示范性实施例的具有集成于其中且经配置以用于无线充电的至少一个无线接收天线的又一电子装置900的简化平面图。类似于上文所描述的电子装置800，电子装置900可包含外表面903，其可包括金属框。另外，电子装置900可进一步包含无线接收天线的可以可操作地耦合到可充电电池904(其可包含金属外壳)的环形导体902。此外，电子装置900包含组件909，其邻近环形导体902且由非导电材料组成。
如图11中所说明，环形导体902可集成在电子装置900内，且与外表面903间隔开间隙906的一部分。因此，可限制由外表面903导致的对邻近环形导体902且与环形导体902相关联的磁场的任何不利影响。举例来说，环形导体902可集成到电子装置900中，且与外表面903间隔开充足距离，以便防止相关联的无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数在所述天线集成后即刻降级约为四的因数以上。换句话说，无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数不应比无线接收天线在集成到电子装置900中之后的质量因数大实质上四倍以上。作为更具体的非限制实例，可将环形导体902集成到电子装置900中，且使其与外表面903间隔开约1到2毫米。
此外，应注意，间隙906的另一部分可包括组件909的一部分。因此，如所配置，电子装置900可提供完全围绕环形导体902的逸出路径。如上文所提到，邻近环形导体902的逸出路径可使磁场能够存在于环形导体902周围，且因此可增强相关联的无线接收天线的功能性。
图12描绘根据示范性实施例的其中集成有至少一个接收天线的电子装置550的视图。电子装置550包含显示装置554，其可包括环绕显示区域和键盘(未图示)的金属框。电子装置550还包含邻近印刷电路板558的电子器件模块556，印刷电路板558和电子器件模块556中的每一者可包含导电材料。另外，电子装置550包含：电池560，其具有金属外壳和RF电子器件；以及天线模块562，其可包含各种导电组件。此外，电子装置550包含具有金属外壳的相机566。
图13说明电子装置550的另一视图。如图12和图13中的每一者中所说明，无线接收天线的环形导体552与电子装置550内的每一导电组件物理上隔开(即，存在间隙)。具体地说，环形导体552与相机566、电池560以及RF电子器件和天线模块562中的每一者之间存在间隙。因此，此间距可为邻近环形导体552而存在的磁场提供逸出路径(由箭头564所说明)。应注意，如所配置，电子装置550可提供完全围绕环形导体552的逸出路径。如上文所提到，邻近环形导体552的逸出路径可使磁场能够存在于环形导体552周围，且因此可增强相关联的无线接收天线的功能性。
举例来说，无线接收天线用以下方式集成到电子装置550中：其中无线接收天线的环形导体552与电子装置550内的每一导电组件间隔开充足距离，以便防止无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数在所述天线集成后即刻降级约为四的因数以上。换句话说，无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数不应比无线接收天线在集成到电子装置500中之后的质量因数大实质上四倍以上。作为更具体的非限制实例，可将环形导体552集成到电子装置550中，且使其与每一导电组件间隔开约1到2毫米或以上。
图14为包含无线接收天线的环形导体782以及导电组件784的电子装置780的简化说明。举例来说，导电组件784可包括具有金属外壳的可再充电电池。如图14中所说明，环形导体782与导电组件784间隔开距离L，其间具有间隙786。作为非限制实例，距离L可具有约1到2毫米的范围。此外，间隙786可包括(仅举例)空余空间、非导电组件或其任一组合。因此，间隙786可为与环形导体782相关联的磁场提供逸出路径(由箭头788描绘)。因此，可限制由导电组件784导致的对邻近环形导体782且与环形导体782相关联的磁场的任何不利影响。
应注意，无线接收天线用以下方式集成到电子装置780中：其中无线接收天线的环形导体782与导电组件784间隔开充足距离，以便防止无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数在所述天线集成后即刻降级约为四的因数以上。换句话说，无线接收天线的未经阻尼的质量因数不应比无线接收天线在集成到电子装置780中之后的质量因数大实质上四倍以上。
图15说明根据示范性实施例的方法的流程图。方法700由本文所描述的各种结构支持。方法700包含将至少一个无线接收天线集成到电子装置中的步骤702。方法700进一步包含使至少一个天线的环形导体与电子装置内的每一导电组件隔开的步骤704。
图15说明根据示范性实施例的另一方法的流程图。方法705由本文所描述的各种结构支持。方法705包含在集成在电子装置内且具有与电子装置内的每一导电组件隔开的环形导体的至少一个接收天线中接收无线功率的步骤706。方法705进一步包含将功率从至少一个接收天线传送到耦合到所述接收天线的至少一个可充电电池的步骤708。
图17A和图17B说明根据示范性实施例的经配置以用于集成在电子装置内的无线接收天线的单环导体650。单环导体650可包括线或带652，例如(仅举例)铜线或铜带。根据一个示范性实施例，带652可包括具有银镀层的铜带。另外，如图17B中所说明，单环导体650包含电容器654和端子656。根据图17A，作为非限制实例，单环导体650可具有约44.0毫米的宽度A、约89.0毫米的高度B，且带652可具有约3.0毫米的宽度C。另外，单环导体650可具有带652的末端之间的间距F，其可为(仅举例)约1.0毫米。间距F可经配置以用于放置电容器，例如图17A中所说明的电容器654。
图18A说明根据示范性实施例的经配置以供集成在电子装置内的无线接收天线的多环导体660。如图所说明，多环导体660可包括多个线或带662，其每一者可包括(仅举例)铜。此外，作为非限制实例，多环导体660可具有约47毫米的宽度D和约89毫米的高度E。另外，如图18B中所说明，每一线662可具有宽度W，线662可由距离X间隔开，且邻近线662可具有中心到中心间距Z。根据“经验法则”，距离X可大体上等于宽度W，且中心到中心间距Z可大体上为距离X的值的两倍。仅举例来说，宽度W和距离X可各自为约0.8毫米。此外，在此实例中，中心到中心间距Z可为约1.6毫米。
所属领域的技术人员将理解，可使用多种不同技术和技法中的任一者来表示控制信息和信号。举例来说，可由电压、电流、电磁波、磁场或磁粒子、光场或光粒子或其任何组合来表示可能贯穿以上描述而参考的数据、指令、命令、信息、信号、位、符号和码片。
所属领域的技术人员将进一步了解，结合本文中所揭示的实施例而描述的各种说明性逻辑块、模块、电路和算法步骤可实施为电子硬件，且由计算机软件控制，或上述两者的组合。为清楚说明硬件与软件的这种可互换性，上文已大致关于其功能性而描述了各种说明性组件、块、模块、电路和步骤。将此功能性作为硬件还是软件来实施和控制取决于特定应用以及强加于整个系统的设计约束。所属领域的技术人员可针对每一特定应用以不同方式实施所描述的功能性，但此些实施决策不应被解释为会导致脱离本发明的示范性实施例的范围。
结合本文所揭示的实施例而描述的各种说明性逻辑块、模块和电路可用经设计以执行本文所描述的功能的通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或其它可编程逻辑装置、离散门或晶体管逻辑、离散硬件组件或其任何组合来控制。通用处理器可为微处理器，但在替代方案中，处理器可为任何常规的处理器、控制器、微控制器或状态机。处理器还可实施为计算装置的组合，例如，DSP与微处理器的组合、多个微处理器、一个或一个以上微处理器与DSP核心的联合，或任何其它此配置。
结合本文中所揭示的实施例而描述的方法或算法的控制步骤可直接体现于硬件中、由处理器执行的软件模块中或所述两者的组合中。软件模块可驻存在随机存取存储器(RAM)、快闪存储器、只读存储器(ROM)、电可编程ROM(EPROM)、电可擦除可编程ROM(EEPROM)、寄存器、硬磁盘、可装卸磁盘、CD-ROM或此项技术中已知的任何其它形式的存储媒体中。将示范性存储媒体耦合到处理器，使得所述处理器可从存储媒体读取信息和将信息写入到存储媒体。在替代方案中，存储媒体可与处理器成一体式。处理器和存储媒体可驻存在ASIC中。ASIC可驻存在用户终端中。在替代方案中，处理器和存储媒体可作为离散组件驻存在用户终端中。
在一个或一个以上示范性实施例中，所描述的控制功能可实施于硬件、软件、固件或其任一组合中。如果实施于软件中，那么可将功能作为一个或一个以上指令或代码而在计算机可读媒体上存储或经由计算机可读媒体传输。计算机可读媒体包括计算机存储媒体与包括促进计算机程序从一处传递到另一处的任何媒体的通信媒体两者。存储媒体可为可由计算机存取的任何可用媒体。以实例方式(且并非限制)，所述计算机可读媒体可包括RAM、ROM、EEPROM、CD-ROM或其它光盘存储装置、磁盘存储装置或其它磁性存储装置，或可用于载送或存储呈指令或数据结构的形式的所要程序代码且可由计算机存取的任何其它媒体。同样，可恰当地将任何连接称作计算机可读媒体。举例来说，如果使用同轴电缆、光纤电缆、双绞线、数字订户线(DSL)或例如红外线、无线电和微波等无线技术从网站、服务器或其它远程源传输软件，那么同轴电缆、光纤电缆、双绞线、DSL或例如红外线、无线电及微波等无线技术包括于媒体的定义中。本文中所使用的磁盘和光盘包括压缩光盘(CD)、激光光盘、光学光盘、数字多功能光盘(DVD)、软磁盘和蓝光光盘，其中磁盘通常以磁性方式再现数据，而光盘使用激光以光学方式再现数据。上述的组合也应包括在计算机可读媒体的范围内。
提供对所揭示的示范性实施例的先前描述是为了使所属领域的技术人员能够制作或使用本发明。所属领域的技术人员将易于了解对这些示范性实施例的各种修改，且在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，本文中界定的一般原理可应用于其它实施例。因此，本发明无意限于本文中所展示的实施例，而是将被赋予与本文所揭示的原理和新颖特征一致的最广范围。

Claims (25)

1.一种电子装置，其包括：
外壳；
多个导电组件，其定位于所述外壳内；以及
接收天线，其定位于所述外壳内，所述接收天线经配置以无线方式从发射天线接收功率，所述接收天线包括环形导体，所述环形导体定位于所述外壳内且经配置以与每一导电组件隔开，以在所述环形导体周围形成电磁场，所述环形导体定位于所述外壳内，以使得与在将所述环形导体定位于所述外壳内之前所述接收天线的质量因数相比，在将所述环形导体定位于所述外壳内之后测量到的所述接收天线的质量因数降级不大于约为四的因数。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述环形导体包括单环导体或多环导体中的一者。
3.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述环形导体经配置以与可充电电池隔开。
4.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中非导电组件定位于邻近所述环形导体处。
5.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述环形导体与每一导体组件由间隙隔开，所述间隙包括空余空间、非导电组件或其任一组合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中与在将所述环形导体定位于所述外壳内之前测量到的所述接收天线的所述质量因数相比，在将所述环形导体定位于所述外壳内之后测量到的所述接收天线的所述质量因数降级至少约为二的因数。
7.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中与在将所述环形导体定位于所述外壳内之前测量到的所述接收天线的所述质量因数相比，在将所述环形导体定位于所述外壳内之后测量到的所述接收天线的所述质量因数降级至少约为二的因数但是不大于四的因数。
8.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述环形导体与每一导电组件隔开至少约1到2毫米。
9.一种装置，其包括：
外壳；
多个导电组件，其定位于所述外壳内；以及
无线接收天线，其经配置以从发射天线以无线方式接收功率，所述接收天线包括环形导体，所述环形导体定位于所述外壳内，所述环形导体与所述外壳内的每一导电元件隔开，以使得与在所述环形导体集成到所述外壳内之前测量到的所述接收天线的质量因数相比，在所述环形导体集成到所述外壳内之后测量到的所述接收天线的质量因数降级不大于约为四的因数。
10.根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中非导电元件定位于邻近所述环形导体处。
11.根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中电磁场存在于所述非导电元件内。
12.根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中所述环形导体经配置以与的每一导电元件由间隙隔开。
13.一种将接收天线集成在电子装置内的方法，其包括：
将所述无线接收天线集成到包括多个导体元件的所述外壳内，以使得所述接收天线的质量因数在所述接收天线集成之后即刻降级不大于约为四的因数；以及
在所述接收天线的环形导体周围形成电磁场。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中在所述环形导体周围形成电磁场包括使所述环形导体与每一导电元件隔开。
15.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中所述接收天线的质量因数在所述接收天线的集成之后即刻降级至少约为二的因数。
16.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其进一步包括将非导电元件定位于邻近所述环形导体处。
17.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中使所述环形导体与每一导电元件隔开包括使所述环形导体与可充电电池隔开，其间具有约1到2毫米的距离。
18.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中在所述环形导体周围形成电磁场包括完全围绕所述环形导体形成电磁场。
19.一种为电子装置充电的方法，其包括：
在接收天线中以无线方式接收功率，所述接收天线具有与多个导电元件中的每一导电元件间隔开的环形导体，从而在所述环形导体周围形成电磁场，所述环形导体定位于所述电子装置内，以使得在将所述环形导体定位于所述电子装置内之后测量到的所述接收天线的质量因数降级不大于四的因数；以及
将功率从所述接收天线传送到耦合到所述接收天线的可充电电池。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法，其中在所述接收天线中无线接收功率包括：
定位所述环形导体，以使得在将所述环形导体定位于所述电子装置内之后所述接收天线的所述质量因数降级不大于约为二的因数。
21.一种有助于对电子装置进行充电的装置，所述装置包括：
用于以无线方式接收功率的装置，所述无线功率接收装置定位于外壳内，所述外壳包括多个导电元件，以使得在将所述无线功率接收装置定位于所述外壳内之后测量到的所述无线功率接收装置的质量因数降级不大于约为四的因数；以及
用于从所述无线功率接收装置向耦合到所述无线功率接收装置的可充电电池传送功率的装置。
22.一种系统，其包括：
外壳；
多个导电元件，其定位于所述外壳内；以及
无线接收天线，其经配置以从发射天线以无线方式接收功率，所述接收天线包括环形导体，所述环形导体相对于所述导电元件定位于所述外壳内，从而形成环形导体周围的电磁场，所述环形导体定位于所述外壳内，以使得所述接收天线的质量因数在定位所述环形导体之后即刻降级至少约为二的因数但是不大于四的因数。
23.根据权利要求22所述的系统，其中非导电元件定位于邻近所述环形导体处。
24.根据权利要求22所述的系统，其中所述环形导体与最靠近所述环形导体的导电元件隔开约1到2毫米。
25.根据权利要求22所述的系统，其中所述接收天线定位于所述外壳内，以完全围绕所述环形导体形成电磁场。
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