CN102277860B - Construction method for fill mortar junction stone dam of mortar stone precast block masonry dam shell - Google Patents
Construction method for fill mortar junction stone dam of mortar stone precast block masonry dam shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN102277860B CN102277860B CN 201110052758 CN201110052758A CN102277860B CN 102277860 B CN102277860 B CN 102277860B CN 201110052758 CN201110052758 CN 201110052758 CN 201110052758 A CN201110052758 A CN 201110052758A CN 102277860 B CN102277860 B CN 102277860B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method for a fill mortar junction stone dam of a mortar stone precast block masonry dam shell. The method comprises the following steps of: pre-casting natural graded stone into hexagonal prism mortar stone precast blocks; building the hexagonal prism mortar stone precast blocks into a dam shell with a crane or other hoisting equipment at upstream and downstream positions of the fill mortar junction stone dam; and filling a dam body in the dam shell at one time with a fill mortar junction stone dam construction method to form a fill mortar junction stonedam body. By adopting the method, local natural stone can be fully utilized; the method has the advantages of simple construction process, high construction speed, low construction cost and contribution to energy conservation and environment friendliness; the dam shell has the advantages of selectable shape and strong stereoscopic impression; and more significantly, an arch action can be achievedafter masonry of the hexagonal prism precast blocks, the stress distribution can be adjusted automatically, and the stability of the dam shell is enhanced. Meanwhile, the technology can be widely applied to dam shells, debris retaining dam protective coverings and the like of gravity dams such as dyke revetments, flood prevention and tide protection banks, masonry retaining wall protective coverings, cemented masonry dams or fill mortar junction stone dams and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of job practices of improved filling mortar combined stone dam, particularly a kind of stone masonry prefabricated section is built the job practices of the filling mortar combined stone dam of dam shell by laying bricks or stones.The construction of the dam shell of gravity dams such as the operation that this usefulness stone masonry prefabricated section is built dam shell by laying bricks or stones also can be widely used in protecting slope of dam, the moistureproof shore protection of controlling flood, masonry retaining wall mask, stone masonry dam, dregs-blocking dam mask etc.
Background technology
At present, weaker to basic ROCK CONDITIONS requirement because stone masonry dam can reduce certain cost than concrete dam, can take full advantage of the local raw material resource, so more extensive in the range of application in hydraulic architecture and other field.But because mechanized construction is used in stone masonry structure inconvenience, mainly based on manual work, efficient is low, so the construction period is longer, and has relatively high expectations to the particle diameter of stone-laying material, general area is subject to conditionality, and the material source utilization rate is lower.The inventor once designed " construction method for filling mortar combined stone dam " that the patent No. is ZL200910012116.6 at the problems referred to above, disclose a kind of with mortar grouting towards embankment method and the method for building the calculus dam by laying bricks or stones that loose rock dam filling construction technology combines, solved stone masonry structure inconvenience use mechanized construction, problems such as operating efficiency is low, the material source utilization rate is lower, cost height preferably.Although its technological process is fairly simple, speed of application is very fast, and operating efficiency is higher, and construction cost is also lower, and this construction party is built dam shell by laying bricks or stones and then required to adopt the gravity template for adapting to the needs of the dam body rate of climb.Though stone masonry structure can play the effect of gravity template, the surface of stone masonry structure requires very high to building stones, even select piece stone, the rectangular slab of stone or rubble for use, also needs artificial thousand hammers hundred to make just and can reach more satisfactory surface.Because of stone masonry structure based on manual work, the mechanization operation is taked in inconvenience, so speed of application is slow than mechanical work, main is, and that crack of stone is difficult to accomplish to fill out slurry is evenly full, there is inhomogeneities in structure, influences presentation quality.Concrete precast block can be used as the gravity template and uses, and it is fast that it has speed of application, characteristics such as environmental protection.But because the surface of precast concrete block is the light face, between the inner concrete of light face and dam body in conjunction with very poor, be difficult to form overall structure, influence the total quality of concrete dam, main is concrete prefabricated block cost height, use is subjected to certain limitation, so can only use under some certain conditions.
According to reported in literature, " the natural stone stone-laying prefabricated component " of TOHKEMY 2005-139879, the application of a kind of quadrangle natural stone prefabricated section on dykes and dams disclosed, it adopts natural stone to set the after-pouring concrete in the quadrangle mould, after concrete reaches certain intensity, form the stone masonry prefabricated section after the form removal, reserving hole in prefabricated section is laid eggs to make things convenient for the fish biology." by the fixing framed making stone-laying method for prefabricating " of TOHKEMY 2005-297527, a kind of method for prefabricating of quadrangle natural stone prefabricated section is disclosed, above-mentioned two patent differences are, the latter adopts continuous several quadrangle moulds to fix on the ground, in mould, set natural stone then, concrete reaches not form removal after certain intensity, with crane prefabricated section is hung out, and this method has reduced the carrying of mould.The quadrangle prefabricated section is compared with the hexagon prefabricated section, exist the rate of layinging of markstone of natural stone in the prefabricated section low, at the scene install the quadrangle prefabricated section not as hexagon is convenient, prefabricated section forms domatic quadrangle be not as stable as problems such as hexagon.The natural stone prefabricated section of Japan is applied to channel revetment, protecting slope of dam, does not see that it is applied in dam body upstream and downstream surface.It is to form dykes and dams earlier, and prefabricated section is installed in the back on the surface, and with playing the ecological revetment effect outside crude the facing, does not use as the gravity template.This crude face is placed on the mounting method in the outside, is unfavorable for dashing between the filler fill out in the calculus dam and the prefabricated section and forms overall structure.
In recent years, domestic some new blockwork structures that release one after another are ZL200520081305.6 " slope protection block " as the patent No., have arc bump, the suitable engaging of groove in the disclosed building block, to form whole ground surface protection structure; The patent No. is ZL98236675.2r " pin-connected panel concrete revetment plate ", with concrete prefabricated one-tenth truncated rectangular pyramids shape plate, with positive and negative alternate the putting of adjacent two plates, the deadweight of backup plate piece matches its side, thereby form no rigidly connected bank protection face, this is domatic to have good water permeability and flexibility, can resist frost heave and depression phenomenon and take place; The patent No. is ZL200820209632.9r " abnormal shape adds rough precast concrete block ", and the flat shape of this precast concrete block is isosceles trapezoid, and there is one or multi-channel horizontal channel on the surface, is mainly used in the upstream face bank protection of dam, dyke; The patent No. be ZL200520108178.4's " auto-buckled type steel bar concrete prefabricated section retaining wall ", be a kind of be used to the auto-buckled type steel bar concrete prefabricated section retaining wall that prevents bank slope landslide, landslide, be applicable to that the stability of slope of engineerings such as water conservancy, highway, railway, gardens is handled; The patent No. is ZL03214932.8's in " new type block ", discloses the rectangle hexahedron of band cavity, is provided with the groove of cutting sth. askew at its end face upper edge short side direction.The patent No. be ZL95218616's " fast concrete blinding prefabricated section ", the integral vertical type cement prefabricated component that system is made of difform frame, the connection groove is left in each upper end, side of frame, the lower end is left convex and is connected and fixed piece, this kind prefabricated section can be used as the concrete structure column formwork, but the part material of main part of this post of double as again; Public announcement of a patent application number is CN101725205Ar " pre-cast block for construction ", for building the wall of building, in top and the bottom and the left and right side protuberance and the concave part with concaveconvex shape is set, thereby constitute with the plate pack mould assembly that mutual embedding connects, can be built into inwall and outer wall simultaneously.These prefabricated sections that above-mentioned disclosed most employing concrete or other material are made all are to design for building wall or protecting slope of dam, are not suitable for doing the gravity template and use.Do not see up to now and adopt bulk footpath natural stone to make the stone masonry prefabricated section as the report of gravity template.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of stone masonry prefabricated section and build the job practices of the filling mortar combined stone dam of dam shell by laying bricks or stones, it has solved that prior art exists builds dam shell inconvenience mechanized construction by laying bricks or stones, operating efficiency is low, prefabricated section should not be as defectives such as gravity templates, it adopts bulk footpath natural stone to make hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section as the gravity template, can extensively utilize local material, reduce the cost of prefabricated section greatly; Build dam shell by laying bricks or stones with this hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section, execute-in-place is easy, is convenient to mechanical execution, is conducive to environmental protection, operating efficiency height not only, and easily form arching, and adjust stress distribution automatically, have good tension, antivibration, non-deformability; The integral dam that forms by construction method for filling mortar combined stone dam is good, and construction technology is simple, and cost is low, and good looking appearance adapts to the zooming speed of application of filling mortar combined stone dam and high-strength firm dam shell requirement fully.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: this stone masonry prefabricated section is built the job practices of the filling mortar combined stone dam of dam shell by laying bricks or stones, its technical essential is: adopt hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section to build dam shell by laying bricks or stones, with construction method for filling mortar combined stone dam, dam body construction operation in the dam shell once dashed completely fill and lead up, form filling mortar combined stone dam, comprise following construction sequence:
Step 1: build the dam body basis
By position, dam shell place, the upstream and downstream basis of formation of dam body yet to be built, respectively at basis, dam shell position, the upstream and downstream top-pour shell foundation pad of building a dam, the dam shell foundation pad adopts and is not less than 20.0 Mpa concretings and forms;
Step 2: the dam body by design is built dam shell at the dam shell foundation pad with hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section towards the packing course height
With hanging device hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section is built by laying bricks or stones on the dam shell foundation pad, successively build dam shell by the dam body of design by laying bricks or stones towards the packing course height, fill dam body then; When building dam shell by laying bricks or stones, outside the light of hexagonal prism stone-laying prefabricated section faced, hair side inwardly, protruding key upwards, groove is downward, forms the syndeton of convex-concave symmetry; The prototype gradation building stones of the inboard hair side of stone masonry prefabricated section protrude concrete surface 10cm at least, form the Shi Fengqun that increases surface roughness, guarantee that the dam body of dam shell and filling mortar combined stone dam is combined into overall structure; The floor height that fills dam body is 1.5-3M, and floor height is in 2M, and stone masonry prefabricated section masonry construction dam shell can directly replace template and carry out dam embankment, and floor height is established anchor as required greater than 2M and drawn reinforcing bar or carry out dam embankment to drawing reinforcing bar to replace template in the dam body inboard;
Step 3: build hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section by laying bricks or stones by the layering requirement and successively increase dam shell, adopt the rock-fill dam construction method to fill the building stones of prototype gradation then, formation is treated behind back-up sand slurry prototype gradation building stones, at dam body upstream and downstream external surface, hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section is carried out jointing envelope slurry handle; Starch the sand washing operation towards back-up sand again, successively sequential loop is filled dam body, starch towards back-up sand, adopt construction method for filling mortar combined stone dam, treat towards back-up sand slurry prototype gradation building stones and starch the sand washing operation, and form filling mortar combined stone dam body, and being not less than M7.5 towards back-up sand slurry intensity, the filling mortar combined stone dam transmission coefficient is not higher than 1x10
-6Cm/s; Before successively starching operation towards back-up sand, to the connection aspect of starching a side towards back-up sand that is positioned at of branch aspect between two-layer, reserve the nothing of 20～30cm thickness downwards towards filling out screed.
Described hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section comprises building stones and concrete, the bottom surface of being filled out the building stones of pendulum prototype gradation by bed thickness and being built the hexagonal prism that the following fine concrete of II grating constitutes by hexagonal prism mould one side at least is not have the slurry hair side, the prototype gradation building stones of described nothing slurry hair side protrude concrete surface 10cm at least, form the Shi Fengqun that increases surface roughness, protruding key is established on adjacent three limits of described hexagonal prism, groove is established on three limits in addition, the granularity in piece footpath is not less than 15cm in the building stones of prototype gradation, be not more than 60cm, natural stone accounts for 60% of hexagonal prism cumulative volume, the concrete aggregate particle diameter is not more than 4cm, and concrete strength is not less than 75MPa, is not more than 350 MPa.
The preparation of described hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section is to adopt described hexagonal prism mould, in described hexagonal prism mould, fill out the building stones of the described prototype gradation of pendulum earlier by bed thickness, build the following fine concrete of II grating again, the building stones of described prototype gradation are prefabricated into described hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section; The building stones of described prototype gradation, its smallest blocks directly is not less than 15cm, and largest block directly is not more than 60cm, natural stone accounts for 60% of cumulative volume, builds the concrete of two-stage under being equipped with then, and the concrete aggregate maximum particle diameter is not more than 4cm, concrete strength is not less than 75MPa, is not more than 350 MPa.
Advantage and good effect that the present invention has are: the present invention provides a kind of more perfectly dam shell structure for the dam shell structure of filling mortar combined stone dam, it not only provides Gravity Mode board-like firm dam shell, and adapts to the dam body rate of climb, and construction technology is simple, cost is low, and appearance and modeling is optional.It is basic identical that stone masonry prefabricated section and on-the-spot stone masonry masonry construction are compared cost, but construction efficiency can improve 30% ~ 50%; Compare with concrete precast block, construction efficiency is basic identical, but cost can save 40% ~ 60%.The perfect adaptation of the present invention and construction method for filling mortar combined stone dam will promote the development of dam construction technique greatly, creates the job practices of a kind of low price filling mortar combined stone dam at a high speed.Hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section and square cylinder are relatively, under the condition that basal area equates, hexagonal prism is than all length 6.88% of square cylinder section, and corner angle are many, puzzle joint is in conjunction with blocking tightly mutually, the condition in place of automatic guide when mounted is good, and the hexagonal prism section is handsome in appearance, and it is optional to have a moulding, third dimension is strong, more meaningfully the hexagonal prism prefabricated section can form arching after building by laying bricks or stones, can adjust stress distribution automatically, has increased the homeostasis of stone masonry prefabricated section masonry construction.Hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section can reduce rugosity as required, also can increase rugosity and form energy-dissipating structure.Execute-in-place is easy, to be assembled into the master, with crane or other hanging devices hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section is built by laying bricks or stones, adopts mechanical execution to overcome the shortcoming of stone-laying manual work, the efficient height, speed of application is fast, and the gurry amount is few, favourable energy-conserving and environment-protective, cost is low, and the duration is short, and good looking appearance is generous.
Based on the building stones of prototype gradation, extensively utilize local material, reduce the cost of prefabricated section greatly; With the following fine concrete of II grating the building stones of prototype gradation are prefabricated into hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section, formation can with the same high-intensity prefabricated section of concrete precast block; Protruding key made progress when hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section was built by laying bricks or stones, and groove is downward, formed the syndeton of convex-concave symmetry, and the masonry construction good integrity has good tension, antivibration, non-deformability; The stone masonry prefabricated section adopts the hexagonal prism mould, prefabricated section overall dimensions precision height, and the length of side and cornerwise error are controlled at ± 2mm, adapt to standardization, batch production and concentrate prefabricated production on a large scale.Stone masonry prefabricated section masonry construction is the dam shell of gravity dam such as filling mortar combined stone dam, but a kind of low cost, high strength and rapid construction form of structure are provided, and adapts to the zooming speed of application of filling mortar combined stone dam and high-strength firm dam shell requirement fully.Simultaneously this technology can be widely used in protecting slope of dam, dam shell of gravity dam such as the moistureproof shore protection of controlling flood, masonry retaining wall mask, stone masonry dam or filling mortar combined stone dam, dregs-blocking dam mask etc.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is a kind of job practices schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the lateral view of Fig. 1.
Build a kind of structure chart of the stone masonry prefabricated section of dam shell among Fig. 3 Fig. 1 by laying bricks or stones.
Fig. 4 is that Fig. 3 is along the sectional view of A-A line.
Sequence number explanation among the figure: 1. hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section, 2. the filling mortar combined stone dam body, 3. treat towards back-up sand slurry prototype gradation building stones, the 4. protruding key of prefabricated section, 5. prefabricated section groove, 6. the dam shell foundation pad.
The specific embodiment
Describe concrete work progress of the present invention in detail according to Fig. 1～4.This stone masonry prefabricated section is built the job practices of the filling mortar combined stone dam of dam shell by laying bricks or stones, be to adopt hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section 1 to build dam shell by laying bricks or stones, with construction method for filling mortar combined stone dam, dam body construction operation in the dam shell once dashed completely fill and lead up, form filling mortar combined stone dam body 2, comprise following construction sequence:
Step 1: build the dam body basis
By position, dam shell place, the upstream and downstream basis of formation of dam body yet to be built, respectively at basis, dam shell position, the upstream and downstream top-pour shell foundation pad 6 of building a dam, dam shell foundation pad 6 adopts and is not less than 20.0 Mpa concretings and forms.
Step 2: the dam body by design is built dam shell towards the packing course height by laying bricks or stones at dam shell foundation pad 6 usefulness hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated sections 1.
With hanging device hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section 1 is built by laying bricks or stones on dam shell foundation pad 6.Dam body by design is successively built dam shell by laying bricks or stones towards the packing course height, fills dam body then; When building dam shell by laying bricks or stones, outside the light of hexagonal prism stone-laying prefabricated section 1 faced, hair side inwardly, protruding key upwards, groove is downward, forms the syndeton of convex-concave symmetry.The prototype gradation building stones of the inboard hair side of stone masonry prefabricated section protrude concrete surface 10cm at least, form the Shi Fengqun that increases surface roughness, guarantee that the dam body of dam shell and filling mortar combined stone dam is combined into overall structure.The floor height that fills dam body is 1.5-3M, and floor height is in 2M, and stone masonry prefabricated section masonry construction dam shell can directly replace template and carry out dam embankment, and floor height is established anchor as required greater than 2M and drawn reinforcing bar or carry out dam embankment to drawing reinforcing bar to replace template in the dam body inboard.
Step 3: build hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section 1 by laying bricks or stones by the layering requirement and successively increase dam shell, adopt the rock-fill dam construction method to fill the building stones of prototype gradation then, formation is treated towards back-up sand slurry prototype gradation building stones 3, starch the sand washing operation towards back-up sand again, successively sequential loop is filled dam body, before successively starching operation towards back-up sand, to the connection aspect of filling mortar combined stone dam body 2 one sides that is positioned at of branch aspect between two-layer, reserve the nothing of 20～30cm thickness downwards towards filling out screed.
Step 4: form and treat behind back-up sand slurry prototype gradation building stones 3, at dam body upstream and downstream external surface, hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section 1 is carried out jointing envelope slurry handle.
Step 5: starch towards back-up sand, adopt construction method for filling mortar combined stone dam, treat towards back-up sand slurry prototype gradation building stones 3 and starch the sand washing operation, and form filling mortar combined stone dam body 2, be not less than M7.5 towards back-up sand slurry intensity, the filling mortar combined stone dam transmission coefficient is not higher than 1x10
-6Cm/s.
Hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section 1 comprises building stones and concrete, the bottom surface of being filled out the building stones of pendulum prototype gradation by bed thickness and being built the hexagonal prism that the following fine concrete of II grating constitutes by hexagonal prism mould one side at least is not have the slurry hair side, the prototype gradation building stones that do not have the slurry hair side protrude concrete surface 10cm at least, form the Shi Fengqun that increases surface roughness, protruding key 4 is established on adjacent three limits of hexagonal prism, groove 5 is established on three limits in addition, the granularity in piece footpath is not less than 15cm in the building stones of prototype gradation, be not more than 60cm, natural stone accounts for 60% of hexagonal prism cumulative volume, the concrete aggregate particle diameter is not more than 4cm, and concrete strength is not less than 75MPa, is not more than 350 MPa.The preparation of hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section 1 is that to adopt the hexagonal prism mould to concentrate prefabricated, fills out the building stones of pendulum prototype gradation earlier in mould by bed thickness, builds the following fine concrete of II grating again, and the building stones of prototype gradation are prefabricated into hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section.The protruding key 4 of prefabricated section is symmetrical structure with prefabricated section groove 5, and its centerline error is ± 1 mm.Protruding key 4 is established on its adjacent three limits, and groove 5 is established on three limits in addition, and the protruding key 4 of prefabricated section is 5mm with prefabricated section groove 5 gaps, tolerance+2mm, and hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section 1 is standardization, batch production, extensive centralized production.The required precision of prefabricated section appearance and size, the length of side and cornerwise error are ± 2mm, the building stones of prototype gradation, its smallest blocks directly is not less than 15cm, and largest block directly is not more than 60cm, and natural stone accounts for about 60% of cumulative volume, build the concrete of two-stage under being equipped with, the concrete aggregate maximum particle diameter is not more than 4cm, and concrete strength is not less than 75MPa, is not more than 350 MPa.
Adopt hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section to do towards the dam shell of gravity dams such as back-up sand slurry filling mortar combined stone dam, has lot of advantages, the one, cost is low, hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section is with the following fine concrete of II grating, the building stones of prototype gradation are prefabricated into hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section, natural stone accounts for about 60% of cumulative volume, thus prefabricated from stone masonry be concrete structure about 3/5 to building into the dam shell complete cost by laying bricks or stones; The 2nd, the intensity height of stone masonry prefabricated section, owing to adopt concreting prefabricated, its intensity can reach the concrete respective strengths; The 3rd, save a large amount of templates, stone masonry prefabricated section masonry construction dam shell can directly replace template and carry out dam embankment; The 4th, speed of application is fast and equipment is simple, in position, filling mortar combined stone dam upstream and downstream, builds into the stone masonry prefabricated section by laying bricks or stones dam shell with crane or other hanging devices, and installation building construction speed is fast; The 5th, be conducive to energy-conserving and environment-protective, third dimension is strong, the hexagonal prism section is handsome in appearance and masonry has arching, can adjust stress distribution automatically, and site operation is to be assembled into the master, and is easy and simple to handle, and speed of application is fast, and the gurry amount is few, and is environmental; The 6th, reusable when the stone masonry prefabricated section is done protecting slope of dam, the moistureproof shore protection of flood control.
In sum, filling mortar combined stone dam dam shell of the present invention adopts the job practices of stone masonry prefabricated section, the technological process of other concrete construction method is simple relatively, the dam shell of gravity dams such as special stone masonry prefabricated section masonry construction can be widely used in protecting slope of dam, the moistureproof shore protection of controlling flood, masonry retaining wall mask, stone masonry dam or filling mortar combined stone dam, dregs-blocking dam mask etc., the scope of application is very extensive, therefore is easy to apply.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the scope of application of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
Dash and fill out calculus dam dam shell:
Can adopt the length of side is 50cm ~ 100cm, and thickness is that the dam shell of filling out the calculus dam is dashed in the hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section conduct of 50 ~ 150cm, is connected with the effective of dam body in order to guarantee dam shell, and the prefabricated section inboard is left 10cm does not at least have crude of slurry.In conjunction with the gravity template action of dam shell block is retouched with reinforcing bar and to be drawn or to drawing.Can adopt in the dam body and dash the construction technology of filling out the calculus dam, building stones placement in layers with prototype gradation, and layering cement paste sand washing process, dash and fill out with filling layer, this construction technology is the once innovation to the stone masonry dam construction technology, utilizes local material to greatest extent, utilize mechanical execution to greatest extent, reduce construction cost 50 ~ 60%, the reduction of erection time 50 ~ 70%, aesthetic in appearance.
Embodiment 2:
Earth and rockfill dam upstream slope-protection engineering:
The earth and rockfill dam upstream slope-protection, mainly solve because the stormy waves scour causes dam body and destroy problem, simultaneously to the stormy waves energy dissipating, reducing stormy waves to greatest extent climbs, conventional bank protection adopts piece stone, the rectangular slab of stone, the rubble material, prefabricated or the Cast-in-place concrete plate bank protection of employing is also arranged, because technical requirements and the needs attractive in appearance of dam upstream slope-protection, adopt dry stone pitching, very strict to the building stones requirement, general building stones haul distance is far away, the building stones price comparison is expensive, the bank protection unit area building cost approaches or surpasses the concrete structural cost, and all slow by the manual work speed of application, and quality is difficult to guarantee, the bank protection slit is inhomogeneous, filter material is required relatively stricter, adopts prefabricated or Cast-in-place concrete plate bank protection, the cost height and also offset the checking wave climb unfavorable.
Adopt hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section protective slope structure, the centering weir, the positive hexagonal prism prefabricated section of available thick 40cm, the surface stays 10cm not have crude of slurry, block assembling slit can be controlled in the 5mm, piece and piece are locked by keyway, have globality and deal with the arching of inhomogeneous deformation, and surperficial 10cm does not have that slurry is crude to play great role in the face of subduing stormy waves.This bank protection form has advantages such as construction is simple, speed fast, anti-scour, subdues stormy waves and climbs effectively, and dam facing is smooth, and construction cost is low, and effects of energy conservation and environmental protection is obvious.
Embodiment 3:
Stone-laying gravity retaining wall surface protection:
Can directly adopt assembly type hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section structure to the gravity retaining wall below the 2.5m height, prefabricated section can adopt parallel edges apart from being the positive hexagonal prism of 80cm.When not having other load, positive hexagonal prism is thick to be 90cm, and positive hexagonal prism is established the horizontal keyway of twice, need not establish discharge structure behind the wall.
To higher retaining wall, the positive hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section of optional above-mentioned size is as mask, and the prefabricated section inboard is crude, optionally also can adopt the reinforcing bar anchor to draw or to the firm integral body of pull-shaped one-tenth.But the building stones of placement in layers prototype gradation in the body of wall with stone masonry or towards filling out cement mortar technology, form the gravity wall-retaining structure again.
This method can extensively be utilized local building stones at a low price, simplifies construction, reduces cost, and accelerate speed of application, and the retaining wall appearance and modeling is elegant in appearance.
Embodiment 4:
Paste sloping wall side slope protection engineering:
The general integral body of the side slope of protecting is stable, paste sloping wall mainly in order to prevent local landing, efflorescence prevention stream slag or to increase shock-absorbing capacity, increase attractive in appearance simultaneously, this class side slope protection belongs to thin wall protection, the protection wall thickness is only at 30 ~ 100cm, and bank protection higher primary school is in 5m, directly the thick stone masonry hexagonal prism of 40cm prefabricated section, consider aesthetic and easy to assembly, hexagonal prism two parallel edges are apart from 80cm.Adopt single keyway epirelief recessed, prefabricated section cross dimensions precision control ± 2mm.The thick stone masonry of bottom 0.5m basis is established guiding concrete beam and is got ready for assembling stone masonry prefabricated section on it.
The sloping wall of this subsides, stone masonry prefabricated section fully can be prefabricated to on-the-spot directly assembling in the building stones field, and speed of application is fast; material is abandoned at the minimizing scene; the favorable environment protection, aesthetic in appearance generous, adjust stress distribution automatically; structure has arching; resistance to shock is good, has the reduction of erection time, reduces cost; favourable energy-conserving and environment-protective, advantage elegant in appearance.
Embodiment 5:
Sight sculpt:
The scape moulding of stone masonry prefabricated section is very convenient, just can surround a blossom type as six different surfaces color stone masonry hexagonal prisms, each positive hexagonal prism as a unit, by just determining the surface configuration of each unit behind the computer photograph, when prefabricated, just can make and numbering by the surface requirements of each unit, press numeral order during assembling and install, can mould needed picture on surface.These are all given and mould environment and bring great convenience, bring unlimited U.S. to engineering, and can create permanent engineering culture.
Embodiment 6:
Moistureproof shore protection and the unrestrained engineering that disappears:
The stone masonry prefabricated section belongs to cheap gravity block, adopts hexagonal prism and adds keyway, installs closely, and globality is strong, and shock-absorbing capacity is strong.Establish on the surface does not as required have crude of slurry, all can reach ideal effect to the energy dissipating wave resistance.But the prefabricated section batch production, high accuracy is prefabricated, and the slit can be controlled below the 5mm between piece and the piece, and anti-scour is had very good effect, and the slit draining between piece and the piece is unobstructed simultaneously.This structure all is a good measure to moistureproof shore protection and current energy dissipating, and its speed of application is fast, and cost is low, and effect is obvious.
Claims (3)
1. a stone masonry prefabricated section is built the job practices of the filling mortar combined stone dam of dam shell by laying bricks or stones, it is characterized in that: adopt hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section to build dam shell by laying bricks or stones, with construction method for filling mortar combined stone dam, dam body construction operation in the dam shell once dashed completely fill and lead up, form filling mortar combined stone dam, comprise following construction sequence:
Step 1: build the dam body basis
By position, dam shell place, the upstream and downstream basis of formation of dam body yet to be built, respectively at basis, dam shell position, the upstream and downstream top-pour shell foundation pad of building a dam, the dam shell foundation pad adopts and is not less than 20.0 Mpa concretings and forms;
Step 2: the dam body by design is built dam shell at the dam shell foundation pad with hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section towards the packing course height
With hanging device hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section is built by laying bricks or stones on the dam shell foundation pad, successively build dam shell by the dam body of design by laying bricks or stones towards the packing course height, fill dam body then; When building dam shell by laying bricks or stones, outside the light of hexagonal prism stone-laying prefabricated section faced, hair side inwardly, protruding key upwards, groove is downward, forms the syndeton of convex-concave symmetry; The prototype gradation building stones of the inboard hair side of stone masonry prefabricated section protrude concrete surface 10cm at least, form the Shi Fengqun that increases surface roughness, guarantee that the dam body of dam shell and filling mortar combined stone dam is combined into overall structure; The floor height that fills dam body is 1.5-3M, and floor height is in 2M, and stone masonry prefabricated section masonry construction dam shell can directly replace template and carry out dam embankment, and floor height is established anchor as required greater than 2M and drawn reinforcing bar or carry out dam embankment to drawing reinforcing bar to replace template in the dam body inboard;
Step 3: build hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section by laying bricks or stones by the layering requirement and successively increase dam shell, adopt the rock-fill dam construction method to fill the building stones of prototype gradation then, formation is treated behind back-up sand slurry prototype gradation building stones, at dam body upstream and downstream external surface, hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section is carried out jointing envelope slurry handle; Starch the sand washing operation towards back-up sand again, successively sequential loop is filled dam body, starch towards back-up sand, adopt construction method for filling mortar combined stone dam, treat towards back-up sand slurry prototype gradation building stones and starch the sand washing operation, and form filling mortar combined stone dam body, and being not less than M7.5 towards back-up sand slurry intensity, the filling mortar combined stone dam transmission coefficient is not higher than 1x10
-6Cm/s; Before successively starching operation towards back-up sand, to the connection aspect of starching a side towards back-up sand that is positioned at of branch aspect between two-layer, reserve the nothing of 20～30cm thickness downwards towards filling out screed.
2. build the job practices of the filling mortar combined stone dam of dam shell by laying bricks or stones according to the described stone masonry prefabricated section of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section comprises building stones and concrete, the bottom surface of being filled out the building stones of pendulum prototype gradation by bed thickness and being built the hexagonal prism that the following fine concrete of II grating constitutes by hexagonal prism mould one side at least is not have the slurry hair side, the prototype gradation building stones of described nothing slurry hair side protrude concrete surface 10cm at least, form the Shi Fengqun that increases surface roughness, protruding key is established on adjacent three limits of described hexagonal prism, groove is established on three limits in addition, the granularity in piece footpath is not less than 15cm in the building stones of prototype gradation, be not more than 60cm, natural stone accounts for 60% of hexagonal prism cumulative volume, the concrete aggregate particle diameter is not more than 4cm, concrete strength is not less than 75MPa, is not more than 350 MPa.
3. build the job practices of the filling mortar combined stone dam of dam shell by laying bricks or stones according to the described stone masonry prefabricated section of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the preparation of described hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section is to adopt described hexagonal prism mould, in described hexagonal prism mould, fill out the building stones of the described prototype gradation of pendulum earlier by bed thickness, build the following fine concrete of II grating again, the building stones of described prototype gradation are prefabricated into described hexagonal prism stone masonry prefabricated section; The building stones of described prototype gradation, its smallest blocks directly is not less than 15cm, and largest block directly is not more than 60cm, natural stone accounts for 60% of cumulative volume, builds the concrete of two-stage under being equipped with then, and the concrete aggregate maximum particle diameter is not more than 4cm, concrete strength is not less than 75MPa, is not more than 350 MPa.
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| CN103243719B (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2016-08-03 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Use the rock-fill concrete ramp structure of stone masonry template |
| CN104278660B (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-05-04 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | The earth and rockfill dam of the direct fixed strengthening of the horizontal coiled pipe delamination pour slurry method of construction of building a dam |
| CN106978796B (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2020-01-17 | 湖南省筱沅水利水电建设有限公司 | Method for rapidly stabilizing dam |
| CN106638627A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-05-10 | 浙江水利水电学院 | Stone laying face protection structure of half pouring concrete |
| CN110904995B (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2021-07-27 | 沈阳农业大学 | Rapid construction method of rubble masonry |
| CN111979973B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2022-07-05 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for rapidly constructing slag dam of abandoned slag yard and slag dam of abandoned slag yard |
| CN113073666B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-08-19 | 中交二航局第四工程有限公司 | Island building process for high slope peninsula cable tower construction platform |
| CN114232676B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-04-11 | 福建磊鑫(集团)有限公司 | Method for synchronously and quickly constructing balance weight type retaining wall structure and grouted stone slab |
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| JP2006070694A (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2006-03-16 | Zokei Shudan:Kk | Manufacturing method of cast stone, precast member for stone masonry simulated structure using cast stone and its construction method |
| CN101050628A (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-10 | 马宜东 | Wrapped stone for engineering |
| CN101565938A (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-10-28 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Underwater embankment surface protection body apparatus and laying method thereof |
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| IL148877A0 (en) * | 2002-03-25 | 2002-09-12 | Steinberg Dov | Molded concrete foundation element and method for its manufacture |
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| JP2006070694A (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2006-03-16 | Zokei Shudan:Kk | Manufacturing method of cast stone, precast member for stone masonry simulated structure using cast stone and its construction method |
| CN101050628A (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-10 | 马宜东 | Wrapped stone for engineering |
| CN101565938A (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-10-28 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Underwater embankment surface protection body apparatus and laying method thereof |
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