CN102272474A - 挠性飞轮,特别是用于机动车辆的挠性飞轮 - Google Patents
挠性飞轮,特别是用于机动车辆的挠性飞轮 Download PDFInfo
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- F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
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- F16F15/131—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses
- F16F15/133—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
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- F16F15/13469—Combinations of dampers, e.g. with multiple plates, multiple spring sets, i.e. complex configurations
- F16F15/13476—Combinations of dampers, e.g. with multiple plates, multiple spring sets, i.e. complex configurations resulting in a staged spring characteristic, e.g. with multiple intermediate plates
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- F16F15/131—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses
- F16F15/13142—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses characterised by the method of assembly, production or treatment
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- F16F15/131—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses
- F16F15/13164—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses characterised by the supporting arrangement of the damper unit
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- F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
- F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
- F16F15/131—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses
- F16F15/133—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
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- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
- F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
- F16F15/131—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses
- F16F15/133—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
- F16F15/134—Wound springs
- F16F15/1343—Wound springs characterised by the spring mounting
- F16F15/13453—Additional guiding means for springs
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种挠性飞轮,特别是用于机动车辆的挠性飞轮,其包括至少两个叠置的挠性盘体(9,10,11),每个挠性盘体包括至少两个平行的平坦部分(15,16),所述平坦部分相互轴向地隔开(D1)并且通过一拱形部分(18)相互连接,挠性盘体(9,10,11)的拱形部分(18)基本相互嵌套,其特征在于,在与拱形部分相邻的至少一区域中,挠性盘体(9,10,11)相互分开,以形成方便挠性盘体(9,10,11)的轴向变形的一空间(23)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种挠性飞轮,例如用于双减震飞轮的挠性的初级飞轮(volant primaire),特别地涉及一种在用于机动车辆的扭矩传递系统中的挠性飞轮。
背景技术
双减震飞轮包括两个共轴的惯性飞轮,即固定地安装在曲柄轴的端部的初级飞轮,和形成离合器的反作用盘的次级飞轮(volantsecondaire)。次级飞轮在初级飞轮上通过一轴承定中心和在转动方面被引导。
在两个飞轮之间安装带弹簧和摩擦部件的一扭转减震器,以将一飞轮的转矩传递到另一飞轮,同时吸收和减弱振动和颠动。
弹簧的端部支撑在与飞轮相连在一起的挡块上,其被布置以使得一飞轮相对于另一飞轮的各种转动或摆动引起减震器的弹簧在一方向或在另一方向上的压缩并且被该压缩阻碍。
初级飞轮的轴向固有频率应较小,例如小于50Hz,以使得在发动机低工况运行时初级飞轮不发生共振。为此,已知使用挠性的初级飞轮,其包括至少两个叠置的挠性盘体,挠性盘体的内周边用于固定在发动机轴上,而挠性盘体的外周边用于固定在一惯性块上,每个挠性盘体包括两个平行的平坦部分,所述两个平行的平坦部分轴向地隔开并且通过一拱形部分相互连接。挠性盘体具有相同的型面,并且相互叠置和相互嵌套。这种结构在文献EP 0 984 184中是特别为人熟知的。
挠性飞轮的轴向振动引起前述挠性盘体的变形。挠性盘体的拱形部分无游隙地相互嵌套,挠性盘体没有任何彼此相对径向移动的可能性,这引起在其拱形部分位置的齿轮咬刹(arc-boutement),和因此整体的硬化。这趋于降低挠性飞轮的效率。
发明内容
本发明的目的特别在于提供对该问题的一种简单、有效和经济的解决方案。
为此,本发明提出一种挠性飞轮,特别地用于机动车辆的挠性飞轮,该挠性飞轮包括至少两个叠置的挠性盘体,挠性盘体的内周边用于固定在发动机轴上,而挠性盘体的外周边用于固定在一惯性块上,每个挠性盘体包括至少两个平行的平坦部分,所述两个平行的平坦部分相互轴向地隔开并且通过一拱形部分相互连接,挠性盘体的拱形部分基本相互嵌套,其特征在于,在与拱形部分相邻的至少一区域中,挠性盘体相互分开,以形成方便挠性盘体的轴向变形的一空间。
通过这种方式,避免在轴向振动的作用下挠性盘体的齿轮咬刹现象或硬化现象的出现。
根据本发明的一实施方式,挠性盘体的拱形部分相互径向地和轴向地隔开。
根据本发明的一特征,在挠性盘体的拱形部分之间的轴向距离在静止时在0.5mm到5mm之间,即当挠性盘体没有被轴向振动促动和因此没有发生变形时。
有利地,在挠性盘体的拱形部分之间的径向距离在0.5mm到5mm之间(静止时)。
在本发明的一实施方式中,在挠性盘体的平坦部分之间的轴向距离为零或基本为零。
作为变型,挠性盘体的平坦部分在与拱形部分相邻的至少一区域中轴向地分开,例如分开小于1mm的距离。
在本发明的一优选实施方式中,挠性飞轮包括三个叠置的挠性盘体。
一般地,挠性盘体是由钢板制成的,并且厚度在0.5mm到1.2mm之间。挠性盘体因而可通过冲压制成。
有利地,每个拱形部分包括两个环形连接倒圆角,所述两个环形连接倒圆角分别地将每个平坦部分与一环形弯曲部分相连接,所述环形弯曲部分的曲度具有一反曲点。
根据本发明的一可能性,每个连接倒圆角的曲度半径在5mm到40mm之间。
作为变型,每个拱形部分包括两个环形连接倒圆角,所述两个环形连接倒圆角分别地将每个平坦部分与一截锥形部分相连接。
优选地,每个挠性盘体包括三个相继的平行的平坦部分,所述平坦部分相互轴向地隔开,所述平坦部分通过所述拱形部分两两地连接。
每个挠性盘体因而包括彼此相对的一径向内拱形部分和一径向外拱形部分,以使得每个径向外平坦部分在一平面中延伸,该平面轴向地布置在另外的两个对应的平坦部分的平面之间。
根据本发明的挠性飞轮可以是安装在一曲柄轴的端部和形成一离合器的反作用盘的一惯性飞轮,或是双减震飞轮的初级飞轮。
本发明还提出一种双减震飞轮,特别地用于机动车辆的双减震飞轮,其特征在于,所述双减震飞轮包括初级飞轮,该初级飞轮由前述类型的一挠性飞轮形成。
附图说明
通过参照附图阅读以下作为非限制性实例进行的描述,将更好地理解本发明,并且本发明的其它细节、特征和优点将显示出来,在附图中:
-图1是根据本发明的双减震飞轮的分解透视图;
-图2是图1的双减震飞轮的轴向剖视图;
-图3是盘体的细部图;
-图4是盘体的拱形部分的细部图;
-图5是对应图4的视图,其示出本发明的一实施变型;
-图6是图1的双减震飞轮的局部剖面正视图。
具体实施方式
图1、2和6示出根据本发明的双减震飞轮1,其用于将发动机,例如是柴油发动机类型的发动机,与机动车辆的变速箱相联接。
该双减震飞轮包括一初级飞轮2,该初级飞轮用于通过螺钉或螺栓固定在发动机的曲柄轴端部。
初级飞轮2包括具有轴线A的、总体形状呈管形的中央附件(appendice central)3,该中央附件包括第一部分4,该第一部分具有圆柱形外侧面5,轴承6围绕该圆柱形外侧面安装,第一部分通过更大直径的第二部分7被延伸,以形成一凸肩,并且第二部分的前端部具有径向地向外部延伸的一凸缘8。
初级飞轮2此外包括至少两个由钢板制成的盘体,优选地三个盘体9、10、11,所述盘体相互叠置并且围绕中央附件3的第二部分7安装。盘体的平均厚度在0.5mm到1.2mm之间。
盘体9至11的内边部(bord)12在凸缘8和一垫圈13之间紧固,该垫圈围绕第二部分7安装,位于凸缘8后侧,整体通过铆钉14固定。
每个盘体9至11是拱形类型的并且包括一内周边部分15、一中间部分16和一外周边部分17,所述部分是平坦的且平行的,相对于轴线A横向地延伸。
内周边部分15通过第一拱形部分18与中间部分16相连接,中间周边部分(la partie périphérique médiane)16通过第二拱形部分19与外周边部分17相连接。
盘体9至11的第一拱形部分18在相同的方向上取向并且基本相互平行,所述盘体相互嵌套。
盘体9至11的第二拱形部分19在与第一拱形部分18相反的方向上取向,以使得每个外周边部分17在一平面中延伸,该平面轴向地布置在内平坦部分15和中间平坦部分16的平面之间。
更具体地,中间平坦部分16布置在内平坦部分15前侧,而外平坦部分17布置在中间平坦部分16后侧。
该布置限制双减震飞轮1的轴向尺寸。
在盘体的中间部分16和其内周边部分15之间的轴向距离D1在2mm到10mm之间,并且这些距离D1对于三个盘体9至11是基本相同的。
在盘体的外周边部分17和其中间部分16之间的轴向距离D2在0.5mm到5mm之间,并且这些距离D2对于三个盘体9至11是基本相同的。
如在图4上更加清晰地看到,每个第一拱形部分18包括一环形径向内连接倒圆角20和一环形径向外连接倒圆角21,所述第一拱形部分分别地将内周边部分15和中间部分16与一环形弯曲部分22相连接,环形弯曲部分的曲度(courbure)具有一反曲点l。
每个倒圆角20、21的曲度半径r在5mm到40mm之间,优选地在10mm到20mm之间。
当然,环形弯曲部分22可以被一截锥形部分替代。
两个相邻的盘体的第一拱形部分18轴向地隔开一距离d1,该距离基本对应于图4的情况中的盘体的厚度,这是由于盘体9至11的平坦部分15、16叠置地接触。第一拱形部分18也径向地隔开在0.5mm到5mm之间的一距离d2。
因此,在两个相邻的盘体之间形成一环形空间23,其通过一盘体——例如中间盘体10——的平坦部分15的一部分,通过盘体10的内倒圆角20的呈凹形的径向内壁,通过盘体10的环形弯曲区域22的径向内壁,通过盘体10的外倒圆角21的呈凸形的径向内壁,通过直接地位于第一盘体10前侧的盘体11的平坦部分16的一部分,通过盘体11的外倒圆角21的呈凹形的径向外壁,通过盘体11的环形弯曲区域22的径向外壁,和通过盘体11的内倒圆角20的呈凸形的径向内壁界定。
第二拱形部分19的结构与第一拱形部分18的结构相似,并且相同地在两个相邻盘体之间限定一环形空间24。但是需要注意的是,第二拱形部分19在与第一拱形部分18相反的方向上取向。
根据在图5上示出的本发明的一实施变型,是与拱形部分相邻的盘体的平坦部分在静止时相互轴向地隔开,以避免在运行时盘体的齿轮咬刹。在图5上,每个第一拱形部分18包括一环形径向内连接倒圆角20和一环形径向外连接倒圆角21,所述第一拱形部分分别地将内周边部分和中间部分与一截锥形部分25相连接。
中间盘体10和前侧盘体11每个都具有一第一扭折部26,该第一扭折部在内平坦部分15处朝向前侧扭折,以在盘体9和10之间以及在盘体11和12之间界定一空间27。
每个盘体10和11此外具有一第二扭折部28,该第二扭折部在中间平坦部分16处朝向前侧扭折,以在盘体9和10之间以及在盘体11和12之间界定一空间29。
扭折部26和28是与第一拱形部分18相邻的。
在盘体之间的间隔优选地小于1mm。
在如上所示的每个变型中,在盘体9至11之间形成的空间27、29被定尺寸,以使得当盘体9至11经历轴向移动时,允许所述盘体自由变形,以避免在现有技术中出现的盘体的齿轮咬刹现象或硬化现象的出现。为此,需要保证的是,为了盘体9至11的最大变形,在盘体之间存在间隔,即便该间隔较小。
盘体9至11的外周边部分30固定在第一惯性块31上,第一惯性块由铸铁或钢制成,总体形状呈环形,围绕由钢片制成的盘体9至11。
更具体地,第一惯性块31具有一环形凹空区域32,在该环形凹空区域中盘体9至11的外边部通过铆钉33固定。第一惯性块31此外在其外周边负持起动装置的一齿圈34。
双减震飞轮1还包括一次级飞轮35,该次级飞轮包括一第二惯性块36,该第二惯性块用作一离合器机构的反作用盘。
通常地,惯性块36的后径向面形成一摩擦片(未示出)的一支承面,该摩擦片与变速箱的输入轴在转动方面相连,并且当离合器位于接合位置时,被在转动方面与次级飞轮相连在一起的一压盘促动。
次级飞轮35在初级飞轮2的中间延伸部分3上通过轴承6定中心和在转动方面被引导。
初级飞轮2和次级飞轮35通过一扭转减震器36相联接,该扭转减震器用于吸收和减弱通过机动车辆的发动机产生的振动和周期上的不规则性(acyclismes)。
扭转减震器包括两个引导垫圈37、38,该引导垫圈借助于铆钉或螺钉与初级飞轮2在转动方面相连在一起,并且在相互之间界定槽座,在该槽座中安装围绕轴线A呈圆周形分布的曲形弹簧39。
扭转减震器36还包括两个引导垫圈40、41,该引导垫圈借助于铆钉或螺钉与次级飞轮35在转动方面相连在一起,并且在相互之间界定槽座42,在该槽座中安装围绕轴线A呈圆周形分布的直弹簧43。
引导垫圈37在其径向外周边上包括一环箍44,该环箍轴向地延伸直到引导垫圈38。该环箍44能够围绕曲形弹簧39保持黏性润滑剂,如润滑脂或润滑油,特别是避免该润滑剂在离心力的作用下漏出。此外,当曲形弹簧39在发动机的高工况下经历离心力时,该环箍44还能够对曲形弹簧进行保持。
减震部件此外包括摩擦部件,所述摩擦部件安装在两个惯性块31、36之间,并且通过抑制与两个惯性块31、36相关的摆动来允许减弱由弹簧39、43吸收的振动和周期上的不规则性。
最后,双减震飞轮1还可以包括与次级飞轮35集成的扭矩限制部件45。
Claims (13)
1.挠性飞轮(2),特别是用于机动车辆的挠性飞轮,其包括至少两个叠置的挠性盘体(9,10,11),所述挠性盘体的内周边(12)用于固定在发动机轴上,而所述挠性盘体的外周边(30)用于固定在一惯性块(31)上,每个挠性盘体(9,10,11)包括至少两个平行的平坦部分(15,16,17),所述平坦部分相互轴向地隔开(D1,D2)并且通过一拱形部分(18,19)相互连接,所述挠性盘体(9,10,11)的拱形部分(18,19)基本相互嵌套,
其特征在于,在与所述拱形部分相邻的至少一区域中,所述挠性盘体(9,10,11)相互分开,以形成方便所述挠性盘体(9,10,11)的轴向变形的一空间(23,27,29)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的挠性飞轮(2),其特征在于,所述挠性盘体(9,10,11)的拱形部分(18)从一盘体到另一盘体径向地(d2)和轴向地(d1)隔开。
3.根据权利要求2所述的挠性飞轮(2),其特征在于,在所述挠性盘体(9,10,11)的拱形部分(18)之间的轴向距离(d1)在0.5mm到5mm之间(静止时)。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的挠性飞轮(2),其特征在于,在所述挠性盘体(9,10,11)的拱形部分(18)之间的径向距离(d2)在0.5mm到5mm之间(静止时)。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的挠性飞轮(2),其特征在于,在所述挠性盘体的平坦部分(15,16,17)之间的轴向距离为零或基本为零。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的挠性飞轮,其特征在于,所述挠性盘体(9,10,11)的平坦部分(15,16)在与一拱形部分相邻的至少一区域(26,28)中轴向地分开,例如分开小于1mm的距离(e)。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的挠性飞轮(2),其特征在于,所述挠性飞轮包括三个叠置的挠性盘体(9,10,11)。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的挠性飞轮(2),其特征在于,所述挠性盘体(9,10,11)由钢板制成,并且厚度在0.5mm到1.2mm之间。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的挠性飞轮(2),其特征在于,每个拱形部分(18)包括两个环形连接倒圆角(20,21),所述两个环形连接倒圆角分别地将每个平坦部分(15,16)与一环形弯曲部分(22)相连接,所述环形弯曲部分的曲度具有一反曲点(l)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的挠性飞轮(2),其特征在于,每个环形连接倒圆角(20,21)的曲度半径(r)在5mm到40mm之间。
11.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的挠性飞轮(2),其特征在于,每个拱形部分(18)包括两个环形连接倒圆角(21,22),所述两个环形连接倒圆角分别地将每个平坦部分(15,16)与一截锥形部分(25)相连接。
12.根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的挠性飞轮(2),其特征在于,每个挠性盘体(9,10,11)包括三个相继的平行的平坦部分(15,16,17),所述平坦部分相互轴向地隔开(D1,D2),这些平坦部分通过拱形部分(18,19)两两地连接。
13.双减震飞轮(1),特别是用于机动车辆的双减震飞轮,其特征在于,所述双减震飞轮包括初级飞轮,所述初级飞轮由根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的挠性飞轮(2)形成。
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FR0950077A FR2940825B1 (fr) | 2009-01-08 | 2009-01-08 | Double volant amortisseur a double moyens d'amortissement, notamment pour vehicule automobile |
FR0950077 | 2009-01-08 | ||
PCT/FR2009/052464 WO2010079274A1 (fr) | 2009-01-08 | 2009-12-09 | Volant flexible, en particulier de vehicule automobile |
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CN200980154078.6A Active CN102272474B (zh) | 2009-01-08 | 2009-12-09 | 挠性飞轮,特别是用于机动车辆的挠性飞轮 |
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2009
- 2009-01-08 FR FR0950077A patent/FR2940825B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-12-09 US US13/143,124 patent/US8690688B2/en active Active
- 2009-12-09 KR KR1020117018028A patent/KR101674696B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2009-12-09 EP EP09801516.7A patent/EP2373905B1/fr active Active
- 2009-12-09 WO PCT/FR2009/052464 patent/WO2010079274A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2009-12-09 KR KR1020117018029A patent/KR101756996B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2009-12-09 CN CN200980154071.4A patent/CN102272473B/zh active Active
- 2009-12-09 US US13/143,135 patent/US8635931B2/en active Active
- 2009-12-09 CN CN200980154078.6A patent/CN102272474B/zh active Active
- 2009-12-09 EP EP09801517.5A patent/EP2373906B1/fr active Active
- 2009-12-09 WO PCT/FR2009/052463 patent/WO2010079273A1/fr active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2373906A1 (fr) | 2011-10-12 |
WO2010079274A1 (fr) | 2010-07-15 |
CN102272473A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
KR101674696B1 (ko) | 2016-11-09 |
FR2940825A1 (fr) | 2010-07-09 |
CN102272474B (zh) | 2014-06-25 |
FR2940825B1 (fr) | 2014-10-31 |
KR20110101235A (ko) | 2011-09-15 |
US8635931B2 (en) | 2014-01-28 |
EP2373906B1 (fr) | 2013-05-29 |
EP2373905B1 (fr) | 2014-06-25 |
KR101756996B1 (ko) | 2017-07-12 |
CN102272473B (zh) | 2014-06-25 |
EP2373905A1 (fr) | 2011-10-12 |
WO2010079273A1 (fr) | 2010-07-15 |
US20120048057A1 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
US20120031225A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 |
US8690688B2 (en) | 2014-04-08 |
KR20110103450A (ko) | 2011-09-20 |
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