CN102258156A - Antibiotic-free culture feed for piglets and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Antibiotic-free culture feed for piglets and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102258156A CN102258156A CN2011102520242A CN201110252024A CN102258156A CN 102258156 A CN102258156 A CN 102258156A CN 2011102520242 A CN2011102520242 A CN 2011102520242A CN 201110252024 A CN201110252024 A CN 201110252024A CN 102258156 A CN102258156 A CN 102258156A
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a culture feed for piglets, which mainly comprises corn, rice, full-cream puffed soybean, fermented bean pulp, peeled bean pulp, fish meal and the like. Yeast cell extract is added to enhance the immunity of piglets, and compound enzyme preparations and probiotics are used instead of high copper and high zinc, thereby lowering the environmental pollution, enhancing the digestion and absorption of the feed, and maintaining normal flora of the intestinal tract. Full organic trace elements are used instead of inorganic trace elements, thereby lowering the oxidization of inorganic salts on the feed and organisms. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the culture feed, which effectively reserves beneficial ingredients and discards harmful ingredients through the granulation process, thereby effectively reserving the nutritive value of the feed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of antibiotic piglet child care material and preparation method thereof that do not add, the invention belongs to the feed industry field.
Background technology
Piglet child care material is wean back or wean began in back 10 days to feed a kind of feed in 15kg left and right sides stage.There are a series of problems such as physiology, psychology, environment in the piglet in this stage, is the most awkward in life foster stage of pig.Leave sow psychologically, leave breast milk, brood piglet is assigned in the different hurdles that wait stress; The physiology upper digestive system is zoon not as yet, and food source changes the feed of solid shape into by liquid breast milk, and it is unsound etc. that immune system is grown; Be transferred to the child care room from the farrowing room on the environment, variation has all taken place in get on well with others and nest etc.Therefore the nutrition supply in this stage just seems extremely important, be by considering piglet physiology, psychology and environmental stress.
The several difficult points and the solution of child care material existence at present are as follows:
1, the demand of nutriment is big, and the little problem of feed intake.Head it off mainly is by adding some flavor enhancements, improve palatability, yet improved feed intake by the method, but the piglet digestion power being limited, can not well utilize the nutriment in the feed, causes grice diarrhoea very serious at present.
2, the digestibility problem of feed.Main at present by adding enzyme preparation, improve the utilization rate of feed and the digestion power of piglet by puffing technique or high temperature granulating.
3, the piglet immunological systematic growth is unsound, the problem that disease is many.Generally in piglet child care material, add the antibiotic of high dose and the zinc oxide of high dose at present and control grice diarrhoea and disease problem.
More typical piglet child care material formula is as follows: corn/popcorn/rice 55%, whey powder 5%, expanded soybean 10%; fish meal 5%, dregs of beans 20%, zinc oxide 0.3%; acidulant 0.3%, and add high zinc of high-copper and high dose antibiotic, process by high temperature granulating or puffing technique.Though this prescription can solve the physiological problem of piglet the short time; but the antibiotic of high dose can make it produce drug resistance; destroy the balance of piglet intestines and stomach microorganism species simultaneously; suppressed late growing stage; the high zinc of high-copper is very big to the pollution of environment, simultaneously no matter be that high temperature granulating or expanding processing all can cause the whey powder coking, and enzyme preparation; probio, vitamin is damaged.
Can avoid above problem by adding saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus and the high zinc of yeast cells extract high-copper and antibiotic.The processing mode of granulating by secondary can be taken into account the activity of the slaking and the microcomponent of feed simultaneously, at present the international and domestic report that does not also have this formula technique and preparation method.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of antibiotic piglet child care material formula and preparation method thereof that do not add.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the thinking of the piglet child care material of the present invention's development is to use the yeast cells extract in feed, can significantly improve the immunity of piglet, and child care phase disease obviously reduces; With high zinc of alternative high-copper and antibiotic such as complex enzyme formulation, probios, reduce its pollution to environment, improve digesting and assimilating of feed simultaneously, keep normal intestinal flora.Particularly, a kind of porkling child care material provided by the invention, it has the component of following weight portion:
1) first component, it comprises:
| Corn | 320.0~360.0 |
| Rice | 140.0~160.0 |
| Full-fat extruded soybean | 90.0~110.0 |
| Fermented bean dregs | 45.0~55.0 |
| The peeling dregs of beans | 140.0~160.0 |
| Fish meal | 25.0~35.0 |
| Soya-bean oil | 18.0~22.0 ； |
2) second component, it comprises:
| Whey powder | 45.0~55.0 |
| The yeast cells extract | 35.0~45.0 |
Preferably also comprise:
| White granulated sugar | 22.0~28.0 |
| Calcium monohydrogen phosphate | 9.0~11 |
| Calcium lactate | 10.0~12 |
| Acidulant | 2.5~3.5 |
| Choline Chloride (Choline Chloride content is 50%) | 0.8~1.2 |
| Lysine | 3.5~4.5 |
| Methionine | 0.8~1.2 |
| Threonine | 1.5~2.5 |
| Salt | 2.0~4.0 ； |
3) the 3rd component, it comprises:
| Compound probiotic | 0.8~1.2 |
| Little peptide copper (copper content is 10.0%) | 0.15~0.25 |
| Ferrous glycine (iron content is 10.0%) | 0.6~1.0 |
| Glycine zine (zinc content is 10.0%) | 0.6~1.0 |
| Little peptide manganese (manganese content is 10.0%) | 0.4~0.6 |
| Yeast selenium (Se content is 0.1%) | 0.25~0.35 |
Preferably also comprise:
| Pig is used compound vitamin | 0.3 ~ 0.8 |
| The piglet complex enzyme formulation | 0.8 ~ 1.2 |
| Sweetener | 0.2 ~ 0.4 |
| Flavouring agent | 0.4 ~ 0.6 |
| Antioxidant | 0.4 ~ 0.6 |
| Mould inhibitor | 0.4 ~ 0.6 |
| Content of iodine is 1.0% Potassiumiodate | 0.05 ~ 0.15 |
| Cobalt content is 1.0% cobalt chloride | 0.05 ~ 0.15 |
| Carrier | 2.8 ~ 3.0. |
Preferably, the child care material package of the present invention component of drawing together following weight portion:
1) first component, it comprises:
| Corn | 340.0 |
| Rice | 150.0 |
| Full-fat extruded soybean | 100.0 |
| Fermented bean dregs | 50.0 |
| The peeling dregs of beans | 150.0 |
| Fish meal | 30.0 |
| Soya-bean oil | 20.0 ； |
2) second component, it comprises:
| High protein whey powder | 50.0 |
| The yeast cells extract | 40.0 |
| White granulated sugar | 25.0 |
| Calcium monohydrogen phosphate | 10.0 |
| Calcium lactate | 11.0 |
| Acidulant | 3.0 |
| Choline Chloride (Choline Chloride content is 50%) | 1.0 |
| Lysine | 4.0 |
| Methionine | 1.0 |
| Threonine | 2.0 |
| Salt | 3.0 ； |
3) the 3rd component, it comprises:
| Pig is used compound vitamin | 0.5 |
| The piglet complex enzyme formulation | 1.0 |
| Sweetener | 0.3 |
| Flavouring agent | 0.5 |
| Antioxidant | 0.5 |
| Compound probiotic | 1.0 |
| Mould inhibitor | 0.5 |
| Little peptide copper (copper content is 10.0%) | 0.2 |
| Ferrous glycine (iron content is 10.0%) | 0.8 |
| Glycine zine (zinc content is 10.0%) | 0.8 |
| Little peptide manganese (manganese content is 10.0%) | 0.5 |
| Potassiumiodate (content of iodine is 1.0%) | 0.1 |
| Cobalt chloride (cobalt content is 1.0%) | 0.1 |
| Yeast selenium (Se content is 0.1%) | 0.3 |
| Carrier | 2.9. |
Wherein, preferably remove the peel the dregs of beans crude protein content and be not less than 48%; The preferably fish meal crude protein content is not less than 65%; Preferred whey powder crude protein content is not less than 12%.
Wherein, described acidulant can be citric acid, fumaric acid, and also composite acidulant for example pleasure reaches the acid of being good for the stomach (happy (Guangzhou) the flavouring agent Co., Ltd that reaches);
Described pig is configured to compound vitamin: vitamin A: 50000000IU/kg; Cholecalciferol: 5000000IU/kg; Vitamin E: 69000mg/kg; Prokeyvit: 6500mg/kg; Vitamin B1: 10000mg/kg; Vitamin B2: 20000mg/kg; Vitamin B6: 12000mg/kg; Cobalamin: 80mg/kg; Biotin: 200mg/kg; Folic acid: 2000mg/kg; Niacinamide: 70000mg/kg; D-pantothenic acid: 40000mg/kg;
Described piglet complex enzyme formulation is: cellulase 500IU/g, zytase 2000IU/g, proteinase 8 000IU/g, phytase 2500IU/g;
Being configured to of described compound probiotic: Bacillus subtillis (
Bacillus subtilis) viable count is 20,000,000,000/g, the viable lactic acid bacteria number is 20,000,000,000/g; Described lactic acid bacteria can be lactobacillus acidophilus (
Lactobacillus acidophilus) and/or the bifid lactobacillus (
Bifidobacterium).
Described mould inhibitor can be selected from: propionic acid, fumaric acid, sorbic acid, benzoic acid etc. or its mixture also can be composite mildew inhibitors, for example five hectogram mould inhibitors of the safe chemical industry of Chongqing people Co., Ltd;
Described carrier is: defatted rice bran;
Described fermented bean dregs is available from Bangzhide Livestock Breeding Science Co., Ltd., Wuhan City;
Described sweetener can be selected from: sucrose, honey element, saccharin sodium etc., or its mixture also can reach sweet available from for example happy pleasure that reaches (Guangzhou) flavouring agent Co., Ltd of finished product sweetener;
Described flavouring agent preferably suckle the flavor flavouring agent (it is fragrant and sweet to suckle), for example the pig frankincense HD-1 type of feedstuff flavouring agent Co., Ltd of Zhaoqing HTC;
Described antioxidant can be selected from: ethoxyquin beautiful jade, Butylated Hydroxytoluene, fourth hydroxyl methoxy benzene or its mixture.
Feed of the present invention uses the yeast cells extract, can significantly improve the immunity of piglet, and child care phase disease obviously reduces, good palatability, and porkling feed intake height was fed 60 days, and body weight can reach 25kg.Can effectively use complex enzyme formulation, probio to substitute high zinc of high-copper and antibiotic, reduced pollution to environment, improve digesting and assimilating of feed simultaneously, keep normal intestinal flora, piglet 60 age in days body weight can reach 25kg, and diarrhea rate is lower than 5%, the death rate is lower than 2%, weaning can reach 560g to 60 age in days average daily gains in back 10 days, average daily ingestion amount 780g, and feedstuff-meat ratio is 1.4:1.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned piglet child care material, and its concrete steps are:
(1) corn in first component, rice, expanded soybean, dregs of beans equigranular raw material are pulverized, helped evenly mixing and high temperature is modified makes its fully slaking.(2) corn after will pulverizing, rice, dregs of beans, expanded soybean etc. carry out the modified granulation of high temperature (95-100 ℃) with other raw materials in first component, make corn, the gelatinization of rice grains raw starch on the one hand; High temperature effectively reduces the activity of the ANFs in dregs of beans, the expanded soybean on the other hand, and the harmful bacteria in the fish meal.(3) mixing back low temperature (45-50 ℃) with raw materials (second component raw material and the 3rd component raw material) such as whey powder, white granulated sugar, vitamin, enzyme preparation, probios after the raw material pulverizing that will granulate for the first time granulates, under this temperature conditions, whey powder substantially can be not destroyed, and vitamin, enzyme preparation and most probio have all kept very high activity.The creep feed good palatability that the method is produced, weaning can reach 560g to 60 age in days average daily gains in back 10 days, average daily ingestion amount 780g, feedstuff-meat ratio is 1.4:1.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, cancels antibiotic use, significantly reduced piglet, by beneficial bacterium is provided in early days, make the intestine of young pigs microbial balance simultaneously, its healthy growth has been played key effect antibiotic dependence and drug resistance.
2, the use of yeast cells extract has improved the piglet autoimmune function widely.
3, replace dried porcine saluble and part imported fish meal with expanded soybean and fermented bean dregs, reduced dependence, reduced cost simultaneously widely rare protein raw materials.
4, adopt the secondary granulation technique effectively with the big abundant slaking of raw material such as corn, rice, bean product, improved digesting and assimilating of raw material widely, guaranteed the activity of the whey powder of non-refractory, vitamin, probio, enzyme preparation in the prescription simultaneously.
5, granulate by secondary, particulate material is soft crisp, and entry is promptly changed, just melt in the mouth.Compare with existing pellet, its palatability, digestibility have obtained significantly improving; Compare with existing expanded material, reduced production cost widely, the activity of vitamin, probio, enzyme preparation is effectively improved in the feed simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the concrete making flow process of nonreactive piglet child care material.
The specific embodiment:
Following examples are used to further specify the present invention, but should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.The percentage that relates among the embodiment " % " if no special instructions, is meant percentage by weight.
Embodiment 1
1, Formula Design: use the yeast cells extract to improve piglet autoimmunity.Substitute the high zinc of high-copper with complex enzyme formulation, probio, reduce its pollution, improve digesting and assimilating of feed simultaneously, keep normal intestinal flora environment.Replace inorganic microelement with full organic trace element, reduced the oxidation of inorganic salts feed and body.Feed of the present invention comprises that three form branch, specifically fills a prescription shown in table 1 ~ 3.Wherein fermentation soybean is available from Bangzhide Livestock Breeding Science Co., Ltd., Wuhan City; Little peptide copper, little peptide manganese, yeast selenium are available from the rich kind biological feedstuff Co., Ltd in Guangzhou; Yeast extract is respectively available from like ground Science and Technology Ltd. in Beijing.
Table 1 first is formed and is divided
| Numbering | Material name | Adding proportion (kg/T) |
| 1 | Corn | 340.0 |
| 2 | Rice | 150.0 |
| 3 | Full-fat extruded soybean | 100.0 |
| 4 | Fermented bean dregs | 50.0 |
| 5 | Peeling dregs of beans (crude protein content 48%) | 150.0 |
| 6 | Fish meal (crude protein content 65%) | 30.0 |
| 7 | Soya-bean oil | 20.0 |
| 8 | Add up to | 840.0 |
Table 2 second is formed and is divided
| Numbering | Material name | Adding proportion (kg/T) |
| 1 | High protein whey powder (crude protein content 12%) | 50.0 |
| 2 | The yeast cells extract | 40.0 |
| 3 | White granulated sugar | 25.0 |
| 4 | Calcium monohydrogen phosphate | 10.0 |
| 5 | Calcium lactate | 11.0 |
| 6 | Acidulant (find pleasure in and reach the acid of being good for the stomach) | 3.0 |
| 7 | Choline Chloride (Choline Chloride content is 50%) | 1.0 |
| 8 | Lysine | 4.0 |
| 9 | Methionine | 1.0 |
| 10 | Threonine | 2.0 |
| 11 | Salt | 3.0 |
| 12 | Add up to | 150.0 |
Table 3 the 3rd is formed and is divided
| Numbering | Material name | Adding proportion (kg/T) |
| 1 | Pig is used compound vitamin | 0.5 |
| 2 | The piglet complex enzyme formulation | 1.0 |
| 3 | Sweetener (honey element) | 0.3 |
| 4 | Flavouring agent (it is fragrant and sweet to suckle) | 0.5 |
| 5 | Antioxidant (Butylated Hydroxytoluene) | 0.5 |
| 6 | Compound probiotic | 1.0 |
| 7 | Mould inhibitor (five hectograms) | 0.5 |
| 8 | Little peptide copper (copper content is 10.0%) | 0.2 |
| 9 | Ferrous glycine (iron content is 10.0%) | 0.8 |
| 10 | Glycine zine (zinc content is 10.0%) | 0.8 |
| 11 | Little peptide manganese (manganese content is 10.0%) | 0.5 |
| 12 | Potassiumiodate (content of iodine is 1.0%) | 0.1 |
| 13 | Cobalt chloride (cobalt content is 1.0%) | 0.1 |
| 14 | Yeast selenium (Se content is 0.1%) | 0.3 |
| 15 | Carrier | 2.9 |
| 16 | Add up to | 10.0 |
Pig being configured to wherein: vitamin A: 50000000IU/kg with compound vitamin; Cholecalciferol: 5000000IU/kg; Vitamin E: 69000mg/kg; Prokeyvit: 6500mg/kg; Vitamin B1: 10000mg/kg; Vitamin B2: 20000mg/kg; Vitamin B6: 12000mg/kg; Cobalamin: 80mg/kg; Biotin: 200mg/kg; Folic acid: 2000mg/kg; Niacinamide: 70000mg/kg; D-pantothenic acid: 40000mg/kg;
The piglet complex enzyme formulation is: cellulase 500IU/g, zytase 2000IU/g, proteinase 8 000IU/g, phytase 2500IU/g;
Being configured to of compound probiotic: Bacillus subtillis (
Bacillus subtilis) viable count is 20,000,000,000/g, the viable lactic acid bacteria number is 20,000,000,000/g, lactobacillus acidophilus (
Lactobacillus acidophilus) half and half bifid lactobacillus (
Bifidobacterium).
2, preparation process: corn, rice, dregs of beans granular feedstock were pulverized during (1) form to be divided first, helped evenly mixing and high temperature is modified makes its fully slaking.(2) raw material in the table 1 is carried out the modified granulation of high temperature (95-100 ℃), make corn, the gelatinization of rice grains raw starch on the one hand; High temperature effectively reduces the activity of the ANFs in dregs of beans, the expanded soybean on the other hand, and the harmful bacteria in the fish meal.(3) mixes back low temperature (45-50 ℃) granulation with raw material in table 2 and the table 3 after the raw material pulverizing that will granulate for the first time, under this temperature conditions, whey powder substantially can be not destroyed, and enzyme preparation and most probio have all kept very high activity.The index of correlation of processing is as shown in table 4:
Table 4 processing index
3, feeding experiment
Several 227 of pig's head of test, totally 15 hurdles, average every hurdle is fed 15, and pig is back 10 days of wean, average out to 35 ages in days, kind is the DLY three way cross, and initial average weight is 10.9kg, and feed is a feed of the present invention; Test period is 2010-10-23 to 2010-11-27, totally 25 days.Experimental stage in every day 06:00,12:00,3:00,7:00 feed intake, it is principle that each inventory has a small amount of residue when feeding intake with next time, general status and result are as shown in table 5.
Table 5
| Test period | 25 days | Initial counterpoise | 10.9kg |
| Total amount feeds intake | 4500kg | Test last counterpoise | 24.9kg |
| Always search for food for average every | 20.0kg | Average daily gain | 560g |
| Average daily ingestion amount | 785g | Feedstuff-meat ratio | 1.40:1 |
| An accumulative total diarrhoea number | 11 | Diarrhea rate | 4.8% |
| A dead number | 3 | Survival rate | 98.7% |
The result shows, uses feed of the present invention, and the back 10 days piglet of weaning is from 10.9kg 25 days bodies 24.9kg that weighs that feeds, and average daily gain is 560g, feedstuff-meat ratio 1.40:1, and full phase diarrhea rate is 4.8%, survival rate is 98.7%.As seen, feed of the present invention has excellent application value.
Although the present invention has provided preferred feed formula; those skilled in the art can be according to content disclosed by the invention; the prescription of feed is made suitable modification; for example change kinds such as sweetener, flavouring agent or mould inhibitor; perhaps change the content of other compositions in one or more feed formulas of the present invention; but it does not deviate from thought of the present invention generally, and it all belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. the application of yeast cells extract in preparation piglet child care material.
2. piglet child care material, it comprises the component of following weight portion:
1) first component, it comprises:
2) second component, it comprises:
3) the 3rd component, it comprises:
。
3. child care material according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described second group of component also comprises
。
4. child care material according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described the 3rd group of component also comprises
。
5. child care material according to claim 2 is characterized in that, comprises the component of following weight portion:
1) first component, it comprises:
2) second component, it comprises:
3) the 3rd component, it comprises:
。
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described child care material, it is characterized in that,
Described pig is configured to compound vitamin: vitamin A: 50000000IU/kg; Cholecalciferol: 5000000IU/kg; Vitamin E: 69000mg/kg; Prokeyvit: 6500mg/kg; Vitamin B1: 10000mg/kg; Vitamin B2: 20000mg/kg; Vitamin B6: 12000mg/kg; Cobalamin: 80mg/kg; Biotin: 200mg/kg; Folic acid: 2000mg/kg; Niacinamide: 70000mg/kg; D-pantothenic acid: 40000mg/kg;
Described piglet complex enzyme formulation is configured to: cellulase 500IU/g, zytase 2000IU/g, proteinase 8 000IU/g, phytase 2500IU/g;
Being configured to of described compound probiotic: the Bacillus subtillis viable count is 20,000,000,000/g, and the viable lactic acid bacteria number is 20,000,000,000/g;
Described carrier is: defatted rice bran.
7. method for preparing each described child care material of claim 2 ~ 6, it comprises the steps: that (1) pulverize the corn in first component, rice, full-fat extruded soybean, dregs of beans equigranular raw material, with other raw materials in first component 95-100 ℃ of modified granulation down; (2) mix the back in 45-50 ℃ of granulation with second component raw material and the 3rd component raw material after the raw material pulverizing that will granulate for the first time.
8. the application of each described child care material of claim 2 ~ 6 in porkling is raised.
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