CN102257070B - 层状硅酸盐阻燃组合物 - Google Patents
层状硅酸盐阻燃组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102257070B CN102257070B CN2009801509162A CN200980150916A CN102257070B CN 102257070 B CN102257070 B CN 102257070B CN 2009801509162 A CN2009801509162 A CN 2009801509162A CN 200980150916 A CN200980150916 A CN 200980150916A CN 102257070 B CN102257070 B CN 102257070B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- butyl
- tert
- phenyl
- ester
- triazines
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- AVIZTSRRMBGYCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraazanium phosphonato phosphate 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O AVIZTSRRMBGYCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/13—Phenols; Phenolates
- C08K5/134—Phenols containing ester groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3477—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3492—Triazines
- C08K5/34922—Melamine; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3477—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3492—Triazines
- C08K5/34928—Salts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及加入聚合物基体,特别是聚酰胺中的含蜜胺多磷酸盐与层状硅酸盐的混合物的阻燃剂组合物。
Description
本发明涉及包含蜜胺多磷酸盐与层状硅酸盐的混合物的阻燃聚合物组合物。所述组合物尤其用于生产基于热塑性聚合物的阻燃组合物。
将阻燃剂加入聚合物材料(合成或天然)中以提高聚合物的阻燃性能。取决于其组成,阻燃剂可在固相、液相或气相中以化学方式作用(例如通过释放氮气作为起泡剂)和/或以物理方式作用(例如通过产生泡沫覆盖)。阻燃剂在燃烧过程的特定阶段期间起干扰作用,例如在加热、分解、点燃或火焰蔓延期间。
将填料加入有机材料,尤其是聚合物中是已知的,例如描述于Hans Zweifel(编辑),Plastics Additives Handbook,第5版,第901-948页,Hanser Publishers,München(德国)2001中。在聚合物中使用填料具有改善例如聚合物的机械性能,尤其是密度、硬度、刚度(模量)或降低收缩率的优点。
使用极小的填料颗粒(<200nm),即所谓的纳米级填料,可在与20-50重量%微米级常规填料颗粒相比通常为2-10重量%的低得多的浓度下改善聚合物的机械性能、热变形温度稳定性或阻燃性能。含纳米级填料的聚合物兼具有利的机械性能如强度、模量和冲击性能,并显示出改善的表面质量,如光泽度、在加工时较低的工具磨损和更好的再回收条件。包含纳米级填料的涂层和膜显示出改善的热稳定性、阻燃性、阻气性和抗划伤性。
纳米级填料具有具有高表面能的极大表面。因此,为避免加工或填充聚合物转化过程中的团聚并获得纳米级填料在最终制品中的优异分散,表面能的减活化以及纳米级填料与聚合物基体的相容化甚至比与一般微米级填料更为重要。
存在与基于层状硅酸盐如蒙脱石和合成聚合物的有机-无机纳米复合材料有关的重要近期文献。聚烯烃纳米复合材料已由有机改性粘土制备。所用粘土通常用烷基或二烷基铵离子或胺或在几种情况下其它 离子如 改性。铵离子/胺添加剂通常通过独立的溶剂或悬浮液插层步骤引入粘土 结构中。
仍需要可用于不同聚合物基体中且具有改善的性能的阻燃剂组合物。提高的安全标准和环境要求导致更严厉的管制。特别是已知的含卤阻燃剂无法再满足所有必需的要求。因此,特别是鉴于更低毒性和更少环境问题和它们在与着火有关的烟密度方面的更好性能,无卤阻燃剂是优选的。无卤阻燃剂组合物的其它优点为具有改善的热稳定性和更少的腐蚀性。
令人惊讶的是,已发现在将蜜胺多磷酸盐与层状硅酸盐的混合物加入聚合物基体的情况下,制得了具有优异阻燃性能的聚合物。
本发明涉及一种组合物,特别是阻燃组合物,其包含:
a)至少一种下式的1,3,5-三嗪类化合物的多磷酸盐:
其中T表示1,3,5-三嗪类化合物;且
p表示大于3的数;
b)至少一种天然或合成页硅酸盐(phyllosilicate)或其混合物;和
c)聚合物基体;和
d)酚类抗氧化剂。
用作阻燃剂的上述组合物为本发明的另一实施方案。
本发明的优选实施方案涉及一种组合物,其包含:
a)至少一种1,3,5-三嗪类化合物的多磷酸盐(I),其中p表示大于3的数;且1,3,5-三嗪类含量为大于1.0摩尔1,3,5-三嗪类化合物/摩尔磷原子;
b)至少一种层状硅酸盐;
c)热塑性聚合物基体;和
d)酚类抗氧化剂。
本发明特别优选的实施方案涉及一种组合物,其包含:
a)至少一种1,3,5-三嗪类化合物的多磷酸盐(I),其中p表示大于10的数;且1,3,5-三嗪类含量为大于1.1摩尔1,3,5-三嗪类化合物/摩尔磷原子;
b)至少一种选自如下组的未改性层状硅酸盐:蒙脱石、膨润土、贝得石、云母、锂蒙脱石、皂石、绿脱石、锌蒙脱石、蛭石、伊利石、麦羟硅钠石(magadite)、水羟硅钠石、硅镁石、铬岭石和水滑石或其混合物;
c)热塑性聚合物基体;和
d)酚类抗氧化剂。
本发明另一优选实施方案涉及组合物,其包含:
a)至少一种1,3,5-三嗪类化合物的多磷酸盐(I),其中p表示大于10的数;且1,3,5-三嗪类含量为大于1.1摩尔1,3,5-三嗪类化合物/摩尔磷原子;
b)至少一种选自如下组且被铵、胺、 锍或硅氧烷化合物改性的层状硅酸盐:蒙脱石、膨润土、贝得石、云母、锂蒙脱石、皂石、绿脱石、锌蒙脱石、蛭石、伊利石、麦羟硅钠石、水羟硅钠石、硅镁石、铬岭石、水滑石、伊利水云母、高岭石、硅灰石、绿坡缕石、滑石和硅石或其混合物;
c)热塑性聚合物基体;和
d)酚类抗氧化剂。
根据非常优选的实施方案,本发明涉及一种组合物,其包含:
a)至少一种1,3,5-三嗪类化合物的多磷酸盐(I),其中p表示大于10的数;且1,3,5-三嗪类含量为大于1.1摩尔1,3,5-三嗪类化合物/摩尔磷原子;
b)至少一种选自如下组的未改性层状硅酸盐:蒙脱石、膨润土、贝得石、云母、锂蒙脱石、皂石、绿脱石、锌蒙脱石、蛭石、伊利石、麦羟硅钠石、水羟硅钠石、硅镁石、铬岭石和水滑石或其混合物;和
c)选自聚酰胺和共聚酰胺的热塑性聚合物基体;
d)选自如下组的酚类抗氧化剂:3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八烷基酯、季戊四醇四[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]、三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)异氰脲酸酯、1,3,5-三甲基-2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)苯、三甘醇双[3-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)丙酸酯]和N,N′-己烷-1,6-二基-双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰胺]。
本发明组合物获得根据UL-94(Underwriter’s Laboratories Subject 94) 的优异等级,以及在常规阻燃剂往往无法通过的相关试验方法中获得其它优异等级且同时具有非常好的机械性能。
由于阻燃剂的化学基团与聚合物链的相互作用,与纯聚合物相比,阻燃剂和聚合物的组合物往往具有提高的熔体粘度。这具有如下效果,即聚酰胺的酰胺基团可与阻燃剂的磷酸盐基团相互作用。然而,提高的熔体粘度降低了聚合物制品加工和生产过程中的产量和循环时间,需要更高的加工温度或更高的能量成本。本发明层状硅酸盐和阻燃剂,例如蜜胺衍生物的组合物显示能降低熔体粘度和加工行为的影响,因此使转化工艺接近于纯聚合物。
组分a)
在式(I)的1,3,5-三嗪类化合物的多磷酸盐中,1,3,5-三嗪类化合物为选自该定义范围内的多种化合物的碱性盐组分,例如蜜胺、蜜白胺、蜜勒胺、氰尿酰胺、三聚氰酸二酰胺、三聚氰酸一酰胺、2-脲基蜜胺、乙酰胍胺、苯并胍胺或二胺苯基三嗪。
蜜胺多磷酸盐和该盐的制备方法尤其描述于WO 97/44377中。根据该参考文献,在25℃下溶解度为0.01-0.10g/100ml水,pH值为2.5-4.5,且蜜胺/磷摩尔比为1.0-1.1的蜜胺多磷酸盐可在25℃下以10.0重量%含水浆料得到。
其中平均缩合度p为5-200,1,3,5-三嗪类含量为1.1-2.0摩尔1,3,5-三嗪类化合物的1,3,5-三嗪类多磷酸盐的制备描述于WO 00/02869中。
该参考文献公开了一种方法,其包括用正磷酸将1,3,5-三嗪类化合物转化成其正磷酸盐,其后脱水并热处理以将正磷酸盐转化成1,3,5-三嗪类化合物的多磷酸盐。
多磷酸盐的p值优选为10以上,特别是40-150,1,3,5-三嗪化合物/摩尔磷原子之比优选为1.2-1.8。另外,根据该方法制备的10.0重量%的盐含水浆料的pH值为大于4.5,优选至少5.0。所述pH值通过将所述盐和纯水在室温下引入300ml烧杯中,将所得含水浆料搅拌大约30分钟,然后测量pH而测定。
该热处理优选在至少300℃,优选至少310℃的温度下进行。除1,3,5- 三嗪类化合物的正磷酸盐外,还可使用其它1,3,5-三嗪类磷酸盐,包括例如正磷酸盐与焦磷酸盐的混合物。
1,3,5-三嗪类化合物的正磷酸盐可以以多种其它方法制备。优选的方法包括将1,3,5-三嗪类化合物加入正磷酸的水溶液中。可选方法包括将正磷酸加入1,3,5-三嗪类化合物的含水浆料中。
一些1,3,5-三嗪类化合物的多磷酸盐为市售的,例如蜜胺多磷酸盐( 200,Ciba Inc,Basel,瑞士)。
上述多磷酸盐有利地以基于组合物的总重量为约0.1-约45.0重量%有机聚合物基体;例如约1.0-约40.0%;例如约5.0-约35.0重量%聚合物的量包含在所述组合物中。
组分b)
组分b)为纳米粒子尺度的填料(纳米级填料或纳米颗粒填料)。优选的填料例如为天然或合成页硅酸盐,或这类页硅酸盐的混合物。尤其令人感兴趣的填料例如为层状硅酸盐。尤其令人感兴趣的是包含至少一种选自如下组的未改性层状硅酸盐作为组分b)的组合物:蒙脱石、膨润土、贝得石、云母、锂蒙脱石、皂石、绿脱石、锌蒙脱石、蛭石、伊利石、magadite、水羟硅钠石、硅镁石、铬岭石、水滑石、伊利水云母、高岭石、硅灰石、绿坡缕石、滑石和硅石或其混合物。
尤其令人感兴趣的是包含至少一种选自如下组的未改性层状硅酸盐作为组分b)的组合物:蒙脱石、膨润土、贝得石、云母、锂蒙脱石、皂石、绿脱石、锌蒙脱石、蛭石、伊利石、magadite、水羟硅钠石、硅镁石、铬岭石、水滑石、伊利水云母、高岭石、硅灰石、绿坡缕石、滑石和硅石或其混合物。根据可选实施方案,组分b)可被改性剂,例如铵、胺和 锍或硅氧烷化合物改性。适于纳米粘土的改性剂的实例例如为:
●胺和铵化合物,例如二硬脂基二甲基氯化铵、硬脂基苄基二甲基氯化铵、硬脂基胺、硬脂基二乙氧基胺或氨基十二烷酸[例如 由Rockwood Additives Ltd.,德国市购];二甲基二牛脂铵、三辛基甲基铵、二聚氧亚乙基烷基甲基铵或聚氧亚丙基甲基二乙基铵[改性 由CO-OP Chemicals,日本市购];十八烷基胺、三乙氧基硅烷基丙胺 [ 由Nanocor,美国市购],聚烷氧基化铵化合物,例如十八烷基双(聚氧亚乙基[15]胺[ 由Eastman,美国市购]或十八烷基甲基双(聚氧亚乙基[15]氯化铵[ 由Eastman,美国市购]或对应的游离胺:
●其它,例如三乙氧基辛基硅烷[ 由Nanocor市购]、铵、锍或吡啶 化合物,例如如WO-A-01/04050或WO-A-99/67790所述;嵌段或接枝共聚物,例如PEO-b-PS或聚-4-乙烯基吡啶-b-PS;或用于溶胀的溶剂,例如γ-丁内酯、2-吡咯烷酮、二甲亚砜、二甘醇二甲醚、四氢呋喃或糠醇。
上述页硅酸盐组分有利地以约0.1-约45.0重量%有机聚合物基体;例如约1.0-约40.0%;例如约5.0-35.0重量%聚合物的量(或基于所述组合物的总重量)包含在本发明的组合物中。
组分c)
术语聚合物基体在其范围内包括热塑性聚合物或热固性材料,特别是聚酰胺或共聚酰胺。下面列出合适的合成聚合物:
1.衍生自二胺和二羧酸和/或衍生自氨基羧酸或相应的内酰胺的聚酰胺和共聚酰胺,例如聚酰胺4、聚酰胺6、聚酰胺6/6、6/10、6/9、6/12、4/6、12/12、聚酰胺11、聚酰胺12、起始于间二甲苯二胺和己二酸的芳族聚酰胺;在存在或不存在作为改性剂的弹性体下由六亚甲基二胺与间苯二甲酸和/或对苯二甲酸制备的聚酰胺,例如聚-2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基对苯二甲酰胺或聚间亚苯基间苯二甲酰胺;以及上述聚酰胺与聚烯烃、烯烃共聚物、离聚物或化学键接或接枝的弹性体的嵌段共聚物;或与聚醚,如与聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇或聚四亚甲基二醇的嵌段共聚物;以及用EPDM或ABS改性的聚酰胺或共聚酰胺;以及在加工过程中缩合的聚酰胺(RIM聚酰胺体系)。
2.单烯烃和二烯烃的聚合物,例如聚丙烯、聚异丁烯、聚丁-1-烯、聚-4-甲基戊-1-烯、聚乙烯基环己烷、聚异戊二烯或聚丁二烯、以及环烯烃的聚合物,例如环戊烯或降冰片烯的聚合物,聚乙烯(可任选交联),例如 高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、高密度和高分子量聚乙烯(HDPE-HMW)、高密度和超高分子量聚乙烯(HDPE-UHMW)、中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、(VLDPE)和(ULDPE)。
聚烯烃,即前段中例举的单烯烃聚合物(优选聚乙烯和聚丙烯)可通过不同方法,尤其是通过下列方法制得:
a)自由基聚合(通常在升高的压力及升高的温度下)。
b)使用催化剂的催化聚合,所述催化剂通常包含一种或多于一种的周期表第IVb、Vb、VIb或VIII族的金属。这些金属通常具有一个或多个配体,典型地为氧化物、卤化物、醇化物、酯、醚、胺、烷基、链烯基和/或芳基(其可为π-或σ-共轭的)。这些金属络合物可为游离形式或固定在载体上,典型地固定在活化氯化镁、氯化钛(III)、氧化铝或二氧化硅上。这些催化剂可溶于或不溶于聚合介质。所述催化剂可单独用于聚合反应中或可使用其它活化剂,典型的为烷基金属、金属氢化物、烷基金属卤化物、烷基金属氧化物或烷基金属 烷(metal alkyloxane),所述金属可为周期表第Ia、IIa、和/或IIIa族的元素。活化剂可用其它酯、醚、胺或甲硅烷基醚基团方便地改性。这些催化剂体系通常称为Philips、Standard Oil Indiana、Ziegler(-Natta)、TNZ(DuPont)、茂金属或单中心催化剂(SSC)。
3.2中提及的聚合物的混合物,例如聚丙烯与聚异丁烯的混合物、聚丙烯与聚乙烯的混合物(例如PP/HDPE、PP/LDPE)以及不同类型聚乙烯的混合物(例如LDPE/HDPE)。
4.单烯烃和二烯烃彼此之间或与其它乙烯基单体的共聚物,例如乙烯/丙烯共聚物、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)及其与低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)的混合物、丙烯/丁-1-烯共聚物、丙烯/异丁烯共聚物、乙烯/丁-1-烯共聚物、乙烯/己烯共聚物、乙烯/甲基戊烯共聚物、乙烯/庚烯共聚物、乙烯/辛烯共聚物、乙烯/乙烯基环己烷共聚物、乙烯/环烯烃共聚物(例如乙烯/降冰片烯,例如COC)、乙烯/1-烯烃共聚物(其中1-烯烃为原位产生);丙烯/丁二烯共聚物、异丁烯/异戊二烯共聚物、乙烯/乙烯基环己烯共聚物、乙烯/丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、乙烯/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、乙烯/乙酸 乙烯酯共聚物或乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物及其盐(离聚物)、以及乙烯与丙烯及二烯(例如己二烯、二环戊二烯或亚乙基降冰片烯)的三元共聚物;和这些共聚物彼此之间的混合物以及与上述1)中提及的聚合物的混合物,例如聚丙烯/乙烯-丙烯共聚物、LDPE/乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)、LDPE/乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物(EAA)、LLDPE/EVA、LLDPE/EAA和交替或无规的聚亚烷基(polyalkylene)/一氧化碳共聚物及其与其它聚合物(如聚酰胺)的混合物。
5.烃树脂(例如C5-C9),包括其氢化改性产物(例如增粘剂)及聚亚烷基和淀粉的混合物;
上述均聚物及共聚物可具有立体结构,包括间规、等规、半等规或无规。也包括立体嵌段聚合物。
6.聚苯乙烯、聚对甲基苯乙烯、聚α-甲基苯乙烯。
7.衍生自乙烯基芳族单体的芳族均聚物及共聚物,该单体包括苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、乙烯基甲苯的所有异构体,特别是对乙烯基甲苯、乙基苯乙烯的所有异构体、丙基苯乙烯、乙烯基联苯、乙烯基萘及乙烯基蒽及其混合物。均聚物及共聚物可具有立体结构,包括间规、等规、半等规或无规;其中优选无规聚合物。也包括立体嵌段聚合物;
a.包括上述乙烯基芳族单体及选自下列共聚单体的共聚物:乙烯、丙烯、二烯、腈、酸、马来酸酐、马来酰亚胺、乙酸乙烯酯及氯乙烯或丙烯酸衍生物及其混合物,例如苯乙烯/丁二烯、苯乙烯/丙烯腈、苯乙烯/乙烯(共聚体)、苯乙烯/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、苯乙烯/丁二烯/丙烯酸烷基酯、苯乙烯/丁二烯/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、苯乙烯/马来酸酐、苯乙烯/丙烯腈/丙烯酸甲酯;苯乙烯共聚物及其它聚合物(例如聚丙烯酸酯、二烯聚合物或乙烯/丙烯/二烯三元共聚物)的高冲击强度混合物;以及苯乙烯的嵌段共聚物例如苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯、苯乙烯/异戊二烯/苯乙烯、苯乙烯/乙烯/丁烯/苯乙烯或苯乙烯/乙烯/丙烯/苯乙烯。
b.由7中提及的聚合物氢化衍生的氢化芳族聚合物,特别包括由无规聚苯乙烯氢化制得的聚环己基乙烯(PCHE),通常称为聚乙烯基环己烷(PVCH)。
c.由7a中提及的聚合物氢化衍生的氢化芳族聚合物。均聚物及共聚物可具有立体结构,包括间规、等规、半等规或无规;其中优选无规聚合物。也包括立体嵌段聚合物。
8.乙烯基芳族单体(如苯乙烯或α-甲基苯乙烯)的接枝共聚物,例如苯乙烯接枝聚丁二烯、苯乙烯接枝聚丁二烯-苯乙烯或聚丁二烯-丙烯腈共聚物;苯乙烯和丙烯腈(或甲基丙烯腈)接枝聚丁二烯;苯乙烯、丙烯腈和甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和马来酸酐接枝聚丁二烯;苯乙烯、丙烯腈和马来酸酐或马来酰亚胺接枝聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和马来酰亚胺接枝聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和丙烯酸烷基酯或甲基丙烯酸烷基酯接枝聚丁二烯;苯乙烯和丙烯腈接枝乙烯/丙烯/二烯三元共聚物;苯乙烯和丙烯腈接枝聚丙烯酸烷基酯或聚甲基丙烯酸烷基酯;苯乙烯和丙烯腈接枝丙烯酸酯/丁二烯共聚物、及其与7中所列共聚物的混合物,例如公知的共聚物混合物ABS、MBS、ASA或AES。
9.含卤素的聚合物,例如聚氯丁二烯、氯化橡胶、异丁烯/异戊二烯的氯化或溴化共聚物(卤丁橡胶)、氯化或氯磺化聚乙烯、乙烯和氯化乙烯的共聚物、表氯醇均聚物及共聚物,尤其是含卤素的乙烯基化合物的聚合物,例如聚氯乙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯、聚氟乙烯、聚偏二氟乙烯;及其共聚物如氯乙烯/偏二氯乙烯、氯乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯或偏二氯乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物。
10.衍生自α,β-不饱和酸及其衍生物的聚合物,例如聚丙烯酸酯和聚甲基丙烯酸酯;聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酰胺和聚丙烯腈,其用丙烯酸丁酯进行抗冲击改性。
11.在10中提及的单体彼此之间的共聚物或与其它不饱和单体的共聚物,例如丙烯腈/丁二烯共聚物、丙烯腈/丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、丙烯腈/丙烯酸烷氧基烷基酯或丙烯腈/卤乙烯共聚物或丙烯腈/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯/丁二烯三元共聚物。
12.衍生自不饱和醇及胺或其酰基衍生物或缩醛的聚合物,例如聚乙烯醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚硬脂酸乙烯酯、聚苯甲酸乙烯酯、聚马来酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯基缩丁醛、聚邻苯二甲酸烯丙酯或聚烯丙基蜜胺;及其与上述第 2部分中所提及的烯烃的共聚物。
13.环醚的均聚物和共聚物,例如聚亚烷基二醇、聚氧化乙烯、聚氧化丙烯或其与二缩水甘油基醚的共聚物。
14.聚缩醛如聚甲醛和含作为共聚单体的环氧乙烷的那些聚甲醛;用热塑性聚氨酯、丙烯酸酯或MBS改性的聚缩醛。
15.聚苯醚和聚苯硫醚、及聚苯醚与苯乙烯聚合物或聚酰胺的混合物。
16.聚氨酯,其一方面衍生自羟基封端的聚醚、聚酯或聚丁二烯,另一方面衍生自脂族或芳族聚多氰酸酯及其前体。
17.聚脲、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺-酰亚胺、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酯酰亚胺、聚乙内酰脲和聚苯并咪唑。
18.衍生自二羧酸和二醇和/或衍生自羟基羧酸或相应内酯的聚酯,例如聚-β-羟基丁酸、聚-β-羟基戊酸,聚交酯,特别是可生物降解的聚交酯或来自l-乳酸和ε-己内酯的相应共聚物,酸性聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚-1,4-二羟甲基环己烷对苯二甲酸酯、聚萘二甲酸亚烷基酯(PAN)和聚羟基苯甲酸酯,以及衍生自羟基封端聚醚的嵌段共聚醚酯;以及用聚碳酸酯或MBS改性的聚酯。
19.聚酮。
20.聚砜、聚醚砜和聚醚酮。
21.上述聚合物的共混物(聚合共混物),例如PP/EPDM、聚酰胺/EPDM或ABS、PVC/EVA、PVC/ABS、PVC/MBS、PC/ABS、PBTP/ABS、PC/ASA、PC/PBT、PVC/CPE、PVC/丙烯酸酯、POM/热塑性PUR、PC/热塑性PUR、POM/丙烯酸酯、POM/MBS、PPO/HIPS、PPO/PA 6.6和共聚物、PA/HDPE、PA/PP、PA/PPO、PBT/PC/ABS或PBT/PET/PC。
22.对应于以下通式的聚碳酸酯:
这类聚碳酸酯可通过界面法或通过熔融法(催化酯交换)而获得。聚碳酸酯在结构上可为支化或线性的,并可包含任何官能取代基。聚碳酸酯共聚物和聚碳酸酯共混物也处于本发明范围之内。术语“聚碳酸酯”应理解 为包括与其它热塑性塑料的共聚物和共混物。生产聚碳酸酯的方法例如由美国专利说明书3,030,331、3,169,121、4,130,458、4,263,201、4,286,083、4,552,704、5,210,268和5,606,007中已知。可使用两种或更多种具有不同分子量的聚碳酸酯的组合。
组分d)
本发明组合物含有至少一种选自如下组的酚类抗氧化剂:
烷基化单酚,例如2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2-叔丁基-4,6-二甲基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-正丁基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚、2,6-二环戊基-4-甲基苯酚、2-(α-甲基环己基)-4,6-二甲基苯酚、2,6-二(十八烷基)-4-甲基苯酚、2,4,6-三环己基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基甲基苯酚、侧链为直链或支链的壬基酚,例如2,6-二壬基-4-甲基苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-(1’-甲基十一烷-1’-基)苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-(1’-甲基十七烷-1’-基)苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-(1’-甲基十三烷-1’-基)苯酚及其混合物;烷硫基甲基酚,例如2,4-二辛硫基甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚、2,4-二辛硫基甲基-6-甲基苯酚、2,4-二辛硫基甲基-6-乙基苯酚、2,6-二(十二烷硫基甲基)-4-壬基苯酚;
氢醌类和烷基化氢醌类,例如2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基苯酚、2,5-二叔丁基氢醌、2,5-二叔戊基氢醌、2,6-二苯基-4-十八烷氧基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基氢醌、2,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲醚、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲醚、硬脂酸3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯酯、己二酸双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)酯;生育酚类,例如α-生育酚、β-生育酚、γ-生育酚、δ-生育酚及其混合物(维生素E);
羟基化硫代二苯醚类,例如2,2’-硫代双(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚)、2,2’-硫代双(4-辛基苯酚)、4,4’-硫代双(6-叔丁基-3-甲基苯酚)、4,4’-硫代双(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚)、4,4’-硫代双(3,6-二仲戊基苯酚)、4,4’-双(2,6-二甲基-4-羟基苯基)二硫醚;
亚烷基双酚,例如2,2’-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚)、2,2’-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚)、2,2’-亚甲基双[4-甲基-6-(α-甲基环己基)苯酚]、2,2’-亚甲基双(4-甲基-6-环己基苯酚)、2,2’-亚甲基双(6-壬基-4-甲基苯酚)、 2,2’-亚甲基双(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、2,2’-亚乙基双(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、2,2’-亚乙基双(6-叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚)、2,2’-亚甲基双[6-(α-甲基苄基)-4-壬基苯酚]、2,2’-亚甲基双[6-(α,α-二甲基苄基)-4-壬基苯酚]、4,4’-亚甲基双(2,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、4,4’-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚)、1,1-双(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷、2,6-双(3-叔丁基-5-甲基-2-羟基苄基)-4-甲基苯酚、1,1,3-三(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷、1,1-双(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)-3-正十二烷基巯基丁烷、乙二醇双[3,3-双(3’-叔丁基-4’-羟基苯基)丁酸酯]、双(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)二环戊二烯、双[2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-甲基苄基)-6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯基]对苯二甲酸酯、1,1-双(3,5-二甲基-2-羟基苯基)丁烷、2,2-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)-4-正十二烷基巯基丁烷、1,1,5,5-四(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)戊烷;
O-、N-及S-苄基化合物,例如3,5,3’,5’-四叔丁基-4,4’-二羟基二苄基醚、十八烷基-4-羟基-3,5-二甲基苄基巯基乙酸酯、十三烷基-4-羟基-3,5-二叔丁基苄基巯基乙酸酯、三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)胺、双(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)二硫代对苯二甲酸酯、双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)硫醚、异辛基-3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基巯基乙酸酯;
羟基苄基化丙二酸酯类,例如二(十八烷基)-2,2-双(3,5-二叔丁基-2-羟基苄基)丙二酸酯、二(十八烷基)-2-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苄基)丙二酸酯、二(十二烷基)巯基乙基-2,2-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)丙二酸酯、双[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基]-2,2-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)丙二酸酯;
芳族羟基苄基化合物,例如1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-2,4,6-三甲基苯、1,4-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-2,3,5,6-四甲基苯、2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)苯酚;
三嗪类化合物,例如2,4-双(辛巯基)-6-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-辛巯基-4,6-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-辛巯基-4,6-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯氧基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯氧基)-1,2,3-三嗪、1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)异氰脲酸 酯、1,3,5-三(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)异氰脲酸酯、2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基乙基)-1,3,5-三嗪、1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)-六氢-1,3,5-三嗪、1,3,5-三(3,5-二环己基-4-羟基苄基)异氰脲酸酯;
苄基膦酸酯类,例如二甲基-2,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸酯、二乙基-3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸二(十八烷基)酯、二(十八烷基)-5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苄基膦酸酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸单乙酯的钙盐;
酰氨基酚,例如4-羟基月桂酰苯胺、4-羟基硬脂酰苯胺或N-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)氨基甲酸辛酯;
β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸与单-或多元醇的酯,例如与甲醇、乙醇、正辛醇、异辛醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫代二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、三羟乙基异氰脲酸酯、N,N’-双羟乙基草酰胺、3-硫杂十一烷醇、3-硫杂十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷的酯;例如市购产品如 1076;
β-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苯基)丙酸与单-或多元醇的酯,例如与甲醇、乙醇、正辛醇、异辛醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫代二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、三(羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯、N,N’-双羟乙基草酰胺、3-硫杂十一烷醇、3-硫杂十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷;3,9-双[2-{3-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)丙酰氧基}-1,1-二甲基乙基]-2,4,8,10-四氧杂螺[5.5]十一烷的酯;
β-(3,5-二环己基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸与单-或多元醇的酯,例如与甲醇、乙醇、辛醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫代二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、三羟乙基异氰脲酸酯、N,N’-双羟乙基草酰胺、3-硫杂十一烷醇、3-硫杂十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷的酯;3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基乙酸与单-或多元醇的酯,例如与甲醇、乙醇、辛 醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫代二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、三羟乙基异氰脲酸酯、N,N’-双(2-羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫杂十一烷醇、3-硫杂十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷的酯;
β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸的酰胺,例如N,N’-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)六亚甲基二胺、N,N’-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)三亚甲基二胺、N,N’-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)肼、N,N’-双[2-(3-[3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基]丙酰氧基)乙基]草酰胺( XL-1,由Uniroyal提供);
抗坏血酸(维生素C)。
优选组分d)的具体酚类抗氧化剂包括3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八烷基酯(IRGANOX 1076)、季戊四醇四[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯](IRGANOX 1010)、三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)异氰脲酸酯(IRGANOX 3114)、1,3,5-三甲基-2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)苯(IRGANOX 1330)、三甘醇双[3-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)丙酸酯](IRGANOX 245)和N,N′-己烷-1,6-二基-双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰胺](IRGANOX 1098)。
上述组分d)的酚类添加剂优选以相对于组分c)的聚合物基体重量为0.01-10.0%,尤其是0.05-5.0%的量包含于其中。
其它组分
本发明进一步涉及一种组合物,其除如上所述的组分a)、b)和c)外,还包含选自如下组的其它添加剂作为任选组分:所谓的抗滴落剂、聚合物稳定剂和其它阻燃剂,例如含磷阻燃剂、含氮阻燃剂、卤化阻燃剂和无机阻燃剂。
如上所述,本发明组合物还可含有一种或多种常规添加剂,例如选自颜料、染料、增塑剂、抗氧化剂、触变剂、流平助剂、碱性共稳定剂、金属钝化剂、金属氧化物、有机磷化合物、其它光稳定剂及其混合物,尤其是颜料、其它抗氧化剂、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌,2-羟基-二苯甲酮、2-(2’- 羟基苯基)苯并三唑和/或2-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪组的UV吸收剂。更具体的实例为如下组分:
1.光稳定剂:
2-(2’-羟基苯基)苯并三唑类,例如2-(2′-羟基-5′-甲基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3′,5′-二叔丁基-2′-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(5′-叔丁基-2′-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2′-羟基-5′-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3′,5′-二叔丁基-2′-羟基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3′-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5′-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3′-仲丁基-5′-叔丁基-2′-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2′-羟基-4′-辛氧基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3′,5′-二叔戊基-2′-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3′,5′-双(α,α-二甲基苄基)-2′-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-(2-辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3′-叔丁基-5′-[2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基]-2′-羟基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-(2-辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基)-苯并三唑、2-(3′-叔丁基-5′-[2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基]-2′-羟基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3′-十二烷基-2′-羟基-5′-甲基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3′-叔丁基-2′-羟基-5′-(2-异辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基苯并三唑、2,2′-亚甲基双[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-6-苯并三唑-2-基苯酚];2-[3′-叔丁基-5′-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)-2′-羟基苯基]-2H-苯并三唑与聚乙二醇300的酯交换产物; 其中R=3′-叔丁基-4′-羟基-5’-2H-苯并三唑-2-基苯基,2-[2′-羟基-3′-(α,α-二甲基苄基)-5′-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基]苯并三唑;2-[2′-羟基-3′-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-5′-(α,α-二甲基苄基)苯基]苯并三唑,例如来自 系列的市售光稳定剂,例如TINUVIN 234、326、329、350、360或TINUVIN 1577;
2-羟基二苯甲酮类,例如4-羟基、4-甲氧基、4-辛氧基、4-癸氧基、4-十二烷氧基、4-苄氧基、4,2′,4′-三羟基和2′-羟基-4,4′-二甲氧基衍生物;
取代和未被取代的苯甲酸的酯,例如水杨酸4-叔丁基苯酯、水杨酸苯酯、水杨酸辛基苯酯、二苯甲酰间苯二酚、双(4-叔丁基苯甲酰)间苯二酚、苯甲酰间苯二酚、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸2,4-二叔丁基苯酯、3,5-二叔 丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸十六烷基酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸十八烷基酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸2-甲基-4,6-二叔丁基苯酯;
丙烯酸酯,例如α-氰基-β,β-二苯基丙烯酸乙酯、α-氰基-β,β-二苯基丙烯酸异辛酯、α-甲酯基肉桂酸甲酯、α-氰基-β-甲基对甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯、α-氰基-β-甲基对甲氧基肉桂酸丁酯、α-甲酯基对甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯和N-(β-甲酯基-β-氰基乙烯基)-2-甲基二氢吲哚;
镍化合物,例如2,2′-硫代双[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯酚]的镍络合物,例如1∶1或1∶2络合物,其具有或不具有其它配体如正丁基胺、三乙醇胺或N-环己基二乙醇胺,二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸镍;单烷基酯如4-羟基-3,5-二叔丁基苄基膦酸的甲基或乙基酯的镍盐;酮肟例如2-羟基-4-甲基苯基十一烷基酮肟的镍络合物;1-苯基-4-月桂酰-5-羟基吡唑的镍络合物,其具有或不具有其它配体;
草酰胺,例如4,4′-二辛氧基草酰替苯胺、2,2′-二乙氧基草酰替苯胺、2,2′-二辛氧基-5,5′-二叔丁酰替苯胺、2,2′-二(十二烷氧基)-5,5′-二叔丁酰替苯胺、2-乙氧基-2′-乙基草酰替苯胺、N,N′-双(3-二甲基氨基丙基)草酰胺、2-乙氧基-5-叔丁基-2′-乙基草酰替苯胺及其与2-乙氧基-2′-乙基-5,4′-二叔丁酰替苯胺的混合物、邻-和对-甲氧基二取代的草酰替苯胺的混合物以及邻-和对乙氧基二取代的草酰替苯胺的混合物;
2-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪类,例如2,4,6-三(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4-双(2-羟基-4-丙氧基苯基)-6-(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4,6-双(4-甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-十二烷氧基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-十三烷氧基苯基)-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-丁氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-辛氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[4-(十二烷氧基/十三烷氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)-2-羟基苯基]-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-十二烷氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、 2-(2-羟基-4-己氧基)苯基-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4,6-三[2-羟基-4-(3-丁氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)苯基]-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羟基苯基)-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-6-苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2-{2-羟基-4-[3-(2-乙基己基-1-氧基)-2-羟基丙氧基]苯基}-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪;
2.金属钝化剂,例如N,N’-二苯基草酰胺、N-水杨醛基-N’-水杨酰基肼、N,N’-双(水杨酰基)肼、N,N’-双(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)肼、3-水杨酰氨基-1,2,4-三唑、双(苯亚甲基)草酰二肼、草酰二苯胺、间苯二甲酰二肼、癸二酰双苯基肼、N,N’-二乙酰基己二酰二肼、N,N’-双(水杨酰基)草酰二肼、N,N’-双(水杨酰基)硫代丙二酰肼。
3.其它亚磷酸酯和亚膦酸酯,例如亚磷酸三苯酯、亚磷酸二苯基烷基酯、亚磷酸苯基二烷基酯、亚磷酸三(壬基苯基)酯、亚磷酸三月桂基酯、亚磷酸三(十八烷基)酯、二硬脂基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯、二异癸基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、双(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、双(2,4-二枯基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、双(2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、二异癸氧基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、双(2,4-二叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、双(2,4,6-三(叔丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯、三硬脂基山梨醇三亚磷酸酯、四(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)4,4′-亚联苯基二膦酸酯、6-异辛氧基-2,4,8,10-四叔丁基-12H-二苯[d,g]-1,3,2-二氧杂磷杂八环、亚磷酸双(2,4-二叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)甲基酯、亚磷酸双(2,4-二叔丁基-6-甲基苯基)乙基酯、6-氟-2,4,8,10-四叔丁基-12-甲基-二苯[d,g]-1,3,2-二氧杂磷杂八环、2,2′,2″-次氮基[三乙基三(3,3″,5,5′-四叔丁基-1,1′-联苯-2,2′-二基)亚磷酸酯]、2-乙基己基(3,3′,5,5′-四叔丁基-1,1′-联苯-2,2′-二基)亚磷酸酯、5-丁基-5-乙基-2-(2,4,6-三叔丁基苯氧基)-1,3,2-二氧杂磷杂环丙烷。
以下亚磷酸酯是尤其优选的:
4.其它硝酮,例如,N-苄基-α-苯基硝酮、N-乙基-α-甲基硝酮、N-辛基-α-庚基硝酮、N-月桂基-α-十一烷基硝酮、N-十四烷基-α-十三烷基硝酮、N-十六烷基-α-十五烷基硝酮、N-十八烷基-α-十七烷基硝酮、N-十六烷基-α-十七烷基硝酮、N-十八烷基-α-十五烷基硝酮、N-十七烷基 -α-十七烷基硝酮、N-十八烷基-α-十六烷基硝酮,和衍生自N,N-二烷基羟胺的硝酮(所述N,N-二烷基羟胺衍生自氢化牛油脂肪胺)。
5.硫代协合剂,例如硫代二丙酸二月桂酯或硫代二丙酸二硬脂酯。
6.过氧化物清除剂,例如β-硫代二丙酸的酯(例如月桂基、硬脂基、肉豆蔻基或十三烷基酯)、巯基苯并咪唑或2-巯基苯并咪唑的锌盐、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、二(十八烷基)二硫醚,四(β-十二烷基巯基)丙酸季戊四醇酯。
7.聚酰胺稳定剂,例如与碘和/或磷化合物组合的铜盐和二价锰盐。
8.碱性共稳定剂,例如蜜胺、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、双氰胺、氰脲酸三烯丙酯、脲衍生物、聚酰胺、聚氨酯、高级脂肪酸的碱金属盐和碱土金属盐,例如硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌、山萮酸镁、硬脂酸镁、蓖麻醇酸钠和棕榈酸钾、焦儿茶酚锑或焦儿茶酚锌。
9.成核剂,例如无机物质,例如滑石、金属氧化物如二氧化钛或氧化镁,优选碱土金属的磷酸盐、碳酸盐和硫酸盐;有机化合物,如单-或聚羧酸及其盐,例如4-叔丁基苯甲酸、己二酸、二苯基乙酸、琥珀酸钠或苯甲酸钠;聚合化合物,例如离子共聚物(离聚物)。尤其优选的是1,3∶2,4-双(3′,4′-二甲基亚苄基)山梨醇、1,3∶2,4-二(对甲基二亚苄基)山梨醇和1,3∶2,4-二(亚苄基)山梨醇。
10.其它填料和增强剂,例如碳酸钙、硅酸盐、玻璃纤维、玻璃珠、不锈钢纤维、芳族聚酰胺纤维、石棉、滑石、高岭土、云母、硫酸钡、金属氧化物和氢氧化物、炭黑、石墨、木粉和其它天然产物的粉或纤维、合成纤维。
11.其它添加剂,例如共混相容化试剂、增塑剂、润滑剂、乳化剂、颜料、流变添加剂、催化剂、流动调节剂、荧光增白剂、阻燃剂、抗静电剂和发泡剂。
12.其它苯并呋喃酮类和吲哚酮类,例如美国专利说明书4,325,863、4,338,244、5,175,312、5,216,052或5,252,643,DE-A-4316611、DE-A-4316622、DE-A-4316876、EP-A-0589839或EP-A-0591102公开的那些,或3-[4-(2-乙酰氧基乙氧基)苯基]-5,7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮、 5,7-二叔丁基-3-[4-(2-硬脂酰氧基乙氧基)苯基]苯并呋喃-2-酮、3,3′-双[5,7-二叔丁基-3-(4-[2-羟基乙氧基]苯基)苯并呋喃-2-酮]、5,7-二叔丁基-3-(4-乙氧基苯基)苯并呋喃-2-酮、3-(4-乙酰氧基-3,5-二甲基苯基)-5,7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮、3-(3,5-二甲基-4-新戊酰氧基苯基)-5,7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮、3-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-5,7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮、3-(2,3-二-甲基苯基)-5,7-二叔丁基苯并呋喃-2-酮。
根据优选实施方案,本发明涉及一种组合物,其额外包含选自聚合物稳定剂和其它阻燃剂的其它添加剂。
根据另一实施方案,本发明涉及一种组合物,其额外包含所谓的抗滴落剂作为其它组分。
这些抗滴落剂降低热塑性聚合物的熔体流动并抑制高温下液滴的形成。多篇参考文献,例如美国专利说明书4,263,201描述了将抗滴落剂加入阻燃组合物中。
抑制高温下液滴形成的适当添加剂包括玻璃纤维、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、高温弹性体、碳纤维、玻璃球等。
加入不同结构的聚硅氧烷已在多篇参考文献中提及;参见美国专利说明书6,660,787、6,727,302或6,730,720。
根据本发明的优选实施方案,所述组合物包含其它阻燃剂组分。这类其它阻燃剂为已知组分、商品或可通过已知方法获得。优选无卤阻燃剂。
根据优选实施方案,所述组合物包含下式表示的次膦酸(hypophosphinic acid)的金属盐作为其它阻燃剂组分:
其中:
M表示(C1-C4烷基)4N、(C1-C4烷基)3NH、(C2-C4烷基OH)4N、(C2-C4烷基OH)3NH、(C2-C4烷基OH)2N(CH3)2、(C2-C4烷基OH)2NHCH3、(C6H5)4N、(C6H5)3NH、(C6H5CH3)4N、(C6H5CH3)3NH、NH4、碱金属或碱土金属离子,或铝、锌、铁或硼离子;
m为1-3的数并表示M上正电荷数;且
n为1-3的数并表示对应于Mm+的次膦酸阴离子数。
非常优选的实施方案涉及一种组合物,其包含次膦酸的铝盐作为其它阻燃剂组分。
除以上关于组分a)和b)定义的那些外,其它代表性含磷阻燃剂例如为:四苯基间苯二酚二磷酸酯( RDP,Akzo Nobel)、间苯二酚二磷酸酯低聚物(RDP)、四(羟甲基)硫化 磷酸三苯酯、膦酸二乙基-N,N-二(2-羟乙基)-氨基甲基酯、亚磷酸羟烷基酯、次磷酸(H3PO2)与合适的阳离子如Ca2+、Zn2+或Al3+的盐、多磷酸铵(APP)或( AP750)、间苯二酚二磷酸酯低聚物(RDP)、磷腈阻燃剂和乙二胺二磷酸盐(EDAP)。
含氮阻燃剂例如为异氰脲酸酯阻燃剂,如多异氰脲酸酯、异氰脲酸的酯或异氰脲酸盐。代表性实例为异氰脲酸羟烷基酯,如异氰脲酸三(2-羟乙基)酯、异氰脲酸三羟甲基酯、异氰脲酸三(3-羟基正丙基)酯或异氰脲酸三缩水甘油酯。
含氮阻燃剂包括其他蜜胺基阻燃剂。代表性实例为蜜胺氰脲酸盐、蜜胺硼酸盐、蜜胺磷酸盐、蜜胺焦磷酸盐、蜜胺多磷酸铵、蜜胺焦磷酸铵、二蜜胺磷酸盐。
其它实例为苯并胍胺,三羟乙基异氰脲酸酯,尿囊素,甘脲,二蜜胺磷酸盐,脲氰脲酸酯,多磷酸铵,来自系列蜜勒胺、蜜白胺、氰尿酰胺系列的蜜胺缩合产物和/或更高级缩合化合物,或蜜胺与磷酸的反应产物,或其混合物。
合适的无机阻燃剂包括例如氢氧化铝(ATH)、勃姆石(AlOOH)、氢氧化镁(MDH)、硼酸锌、CaCO3、任选用有机取代基改性的层状双氢氧化物。
一些有机卤阻燃剂例如为:多溴二苯醚(DE-60F,Great Lakes Corp.)、十溴二苯醚(DBDPO; 102E)、三[3-溴-2,2-二(溴甲基)丙基]磷酸酯( FMC Corp.)、三(2,3-二溴丙基)磷酸酯、三(2,3-二氯丙基)磷酸酯、氯菌酸、四氯邻苯二甲酸、四溴邻苯二甲酸、聚-β-氯乙基三膦酸酯混合物、四溴双酚A二(2,3-二溴丙基醚)(PE68)、溴化环氧树脂、乙烯-二(四溴苯邻二甲酰亚胺)( BT-93)、双(六氯环戊二烯基)环辛烷 (Declorane )、氯化石蜡、八溴二苯醚、六氯环戊二烯衍生物、1,2-二(三溴苯氧基)乙烷(FF680)、四溴双酚A( RB100)、亚乙基二(二溴降冰片烷二羧酰亚胺)( BN-451)、双(六氯环戊烯基)环辛烷、PTEE、三(2,3-二溴丙基)异氰脲酸酯及亚乙基-二-四溴苯邻二甲酰亚胺。
上述阻燃剂通常与无机氧化物协合剂组合使用。对于该用途,最常用的是锌或锑的氧化物,例如Sb2O3或Sb2O5。硼化合物也是合适的。
上述其他阻燃剂种类有利地以有机聚合物基体的约0.5-25.0重量%的量包含于本发明组合物中;例如基于聚合物组分c)或基于所述组合物总重量为约1.0-约20.0重量%;例如约5.0-约15.0重量%。
如上文所述,本发明组合物可额外含有一种或多种常规添加剂,例如选自聚合物分散剂、颜料、染料、增塑剂、抗氧化剂、触变剂、流平助剂、碱性共稳定剂、金属钝化剂、金属氧化物、有机磷化合物、其它光稳定剂及其混合物,尤其是颜料、酚类抗氧化剂、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁,2-羟基二苯甲酮、2-(2′-羟基苯基)苯并三唑和/或2-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪组的UV吸收剂。
合适的聚合物分散剂由聚合链和至少一个所谓的结合团组成。所述聚合链提供在聚合基体内的溶解性以及空间稳定化并确定与聚合物体系的相容性,而结合团则与阻燃剂分子本身相连。
合适的聚合物分散剂通过它们润湿固体阻燃剂分子的效果表征,防止分散的阻燃剂粒子所导致的粘性上升并防止这些粒子再次絮凝。
其中-X-表示-O-、-NH-或-NR-,其中R表示C1-C4烷基或芳基,特别是苯基,m为1-50的数,且n为1-5的数,特别是产品 1000P。该产品 为约1∶1摩尔比的低分子量苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物。
其它合适的产品为所谓的苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物,特别是产品SMA1000F、17352P、2000F、2000P、2625F、2625P、3000F、3000P、3840F、17352F、1440、17352H、1000H、2625H、1440H、1000H或3000H,或所谓的苯乙烯马来酰亚胺树脂,特别是产品SMA 3000I、4000I或2000I。
合适的产品是如下式表示的由酸性基团取代的脂族聚醚:
其中R表示C8-C18烷基,n表示5-10的数,例如产品 8530(具有酸性基团的脂族聚醚)。其它合适的产品为:
● 8530(具有酸性基团的脂族聚醚)
● 8533(改性聚醚)
存在于所述组合物中的分散剂的量不是关键的,且可在宽范围内变化。根据优选实施方案,存在于所述组合物中的分散剂的量处于0.05-10.0重量%,特别是0.5-5.0重量%的浓度范围内。
根据优选实施方案,用于如上所述组合物的其它添加剂选自加工稳定剂,例如上述亚磷酸酯、组分d)的上述酚类抗氧化剂和光稳定剂如苯并三唑类。具体的加工稳定剂包括三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯(IRGAFOS168)、3,9-二(2,4-二叔丁基苯氧基)-2,4,8,10-四氧杂-3,9-二磷杂螺[5.5]十一烷(IRGAFOS 126)、2,2′,2″-次氮基[三乙基-三(3,3′,5,5′-四叔丁基-1,1′-联苯 -2,2′-二基)]亚磷酸酯(IRGAFOS 12)和四(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)-[1,1-联苯]-4,4′-二基二亚膦酸酯(IRGAFOS P-EPQ)。具体的光稳定剂包括2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4,6-二(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)苯酚(TINUVIN 234)、2-(5-氯(2H)-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚(TINUVIN 326)、2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯酚(TINUVIN 329)、2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-叔丁基-6-仲丁基苯酚(TINUVIN 350)、2,2′-亚甲基二(6-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯酚)(TINUVIN 360)和2-(4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)-5-[(己基)氧基]苯酚(TINUVIN 1577)、2-(2′-羟基-5′-甲基苯基)苯并三唑(TINUVIN P)、2-羟基-4-辛氧基二苯甲酮(CHIMASSORB 81)、1,3-二[(2’-氰基-3’,3’-二苯基丙烯酰基)氧基]-2,2-二{[(2’-氰基-3’,3’-二苯基丙烯酰基)氧基]甲基}丙烷((UVINUL 3030,BASF)、乙基-2-氰基-3,3-二苯基丙烯酸酯(UVINUL 3035,BASF)和(2-乙基己基)-2-氰基-3,3-二苯基丙烯酸酯(UVINUL 3039,BASF)。
方法
将上述组分掺入聚合物组分中通过已知方法进行,例如以粉末形式干混,或以例如在惰性溶剂、水或油中的溶液、分散体或悬浮液的形式湿混合。添加剂组分a)、b)和d)和任选其它添加剂例如可在模塑之前或之后,或还通过将溶解或分散的添加剂或添加剂混合物施加至聚合物材料上,具有或不具有随后的蒸发溶剂或悬浮/分散剂而掺入。它们可作为干混合物或粉末,或作为溶液或分散体或悬浮液或熔体直接加入加工设备,例如挤出机、密闭式混合机等中。
将添加剂组分加入聚合物基体c)中可以在常规混合机中进行,其中将混合物熔融并与所述添加剂混合。合适的机器是本领域技术人员所已知的。它们主要为混合机、捏合机和挤出机。
所述方法优选在挤出机中通过在加工过程中引入添加剂而进行。特别优选的加工机器是单螺杆挤出机、异向旋转和同向旋转双螺杆挤出机、行星齿轮挤出机、环挤出机(ring extruder)或共捏合机。还可使用装备有至少一个可对其施加真空的除气室的加工机器。
合适的挤出机和捏合机例如描述于Handbuch der Kunststoffex- trusion,第1卷Grundlagen,编辑F.Hensen,W.Knappe,H.Potente,1989,第3-7页,ISBN:3-446-14339-4(第2卷Extrusionsanlagen 1986,ISBN 3-446-14329-7)中。
例如,螺杆长度为螺杆直径的1-60倍,优选为螺杆直径的35-48倍。螺杆转速优选为10-600转/分钟(rpm),优选25-300rpm。
最大产量取决于螺杆直径、转速和驱动力。还可通过改变所述参数或使用输送剂量的称重机器,以低于最大产量的水平实施本发明方法。
如果添加多种组分,则可将这些预混或单独添加。
也可将添加剂组分a)、b)和d)和任选其它添加剂喷雾至聚合物基体c)上。添加剂混合物将其他添加剂(例如上述常规添加剂)或它们的熔体稀释以使其可与这些添加剂一起被喷雾至聚合物基体上。在聚合催化剂钝化期间,通过喷雾添加是特别有利的;此时产生的蒸汽可用于钝化所述催化剂。在球形聚合的聚烯烃的情况下,例如可有利地通过喷雾任选与其他添加剂一起施加本发明添加剂。
也可将添加剂组分a)、b)和d)和任选其它添加剂以母料(“浓缩物”)的形式加入聚合物中,所述母料含有以例如约1.0-约60.0重量%,优选5.0-约40.0重量%浓度掺入聚合物中的各组分。该聚合物并不一定具有与最终加入添加剂的聚合物相同的结构。在该操作中,所述聚合物可以以粉末、颗粒、溶液及悬浮液或晶格形式使用。
掺入可在成型操作之前或之中进行。本文所述的含本发明添加剂的材料优选用于生产模制品,例如旋转模塑制品、注塑制品、型材等,尤其是纤维、熔纺无纺物、膜或泡沫。
其它实施方案
本发明另一实施方案涉及一种添加剂混合物,其包含:
a)至少一种式(I)的1,3,5-三嗪类化合物的多磷酸盐,其中T表示1,3,5-三嗪类化合物;且p表示大于3的数;
b)至少一种天然或合成页硅酸盐或其混合物;和
d)酚类抗氧化剂。
组分a)、b)和d)以如下浓度混入聚合物基体c)中:组分a):0.05-30.0 重量%,优选0.1-20.0重量%,组分b):0.5-40.0重量%,优选1.0-25重量%,和组分d):0.01-10.0重量%,优选0.05-5.0重量%。
优选组分a)∶b)∶c)的重量比为40∶1∶1-1∶2∶1,优选20∶1∶1-1∶1∶1。
根据优选实施方案,多磷酸盐组分a)与页硅酸盐组分b)的重量比为约2∶1-20∶1。100份聚合物基体c)含有约1-40份上述添加剂混合物。
本发明另一实施方案涉及一种赋予聚合物基体阻燃性的方法,所述方法包括在聚合物基体中加入上述混合物。
本发明的优选实施方案涉及一种赋予选自聚酰胺和共聚酰胺的热塑性聚合物基体阻燃性的方法,所述方法包括在聚合物基体中加入上述混合物。
以下实施例阐述本发明:
实施例
组分
用硬脂基苄基二甲基氯化铵改性的天然蒙脱石粘土(“改性粘土”):
评估阻燃性的测试方法
根据“Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances”,第5版,1996年10月29日所述通则进行UL 94试验。根据UL 94V试验的分级汇编于下表(时间是针对一个试样的)中:
等级 | 余焰时间 | 燃烧滴落 |
V-0 | <10秒 | 无 |
V-1 | <30秒 | 无 |
V-2 | <30秒 | 有 |
n.c.(=未分级) | >30秒 |
标准程序/实施例
通过将干PA6(80℃,在真空下18小时)与抗氧化剂共混物(0.25%)和 不同浓度的有机粘土和阻燃剂机械混合而制备试样。在单螺杆实验室挤出机(Brabender PLE 330塑度计,直径:20,L/D:25)中进行热熔复合。从加料斗至模具的设定温度为220℃、230℃、240℃和250℃。螺杆转速保持为20rpm。标准试样由Arburg 320S-800-150注射成型机(Lossburg,德国)获得。机筒段温度设定为250-265℃。模具温度保持在80℃,注射压力为80巴。
除非另有说明,所有各系列实验在相同条件下进行以确保可比性(例如温度程序、螺杆几何尺寸、阻燃添加剂的加入、注射成型参数等)。所有量以重量列出并基于包括阻燃剂和其它添加剂在内的模塑组合物。燃烧时间以5个试样的燃烧时间之和给出。
表1
在另一系列实验中,通过将干PA 6(80℃,18小时,真空)与抗氧化剂共混物(0.25%)和不同浓度的有机粘土(Nanofil 9)和阻燃剂机械混合而制备试样。热熔复合在双螺杆挤出机Haake Rheomex PTW 16,L/D=25(240-235-235-235-235-230机筒/模具温度和150rpm,实验13-14在200rpm下进行)上进行。标准试样由如实施例1-7中所述的Arburg 320S-800-150注射成型机获得。除火焰试验外,根据ISO 527测量机械性能(拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、拉伸模量)。
表2
本发明组合物10-14显示出在良好阻燃性下具有改善的机械性能(高模量和拉伸强度)。
Claims (8)
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,其包含:
a)至少一种1,3,5-三嗪类化合物的多磷酸盐(I),其中p表示大于10的数;且所述1,3,5-三嗪类化合物含量为大于1.1摩尔1,3,5-三嗪类化合物/摩尔磷原子;
b)至少一种选自如下组的未改性层状硅酸盐:蒙脱石、膨润土、贝得石、云母、锂蒙脱石、皂石、绿脱石、锌蒙脱石、蛭石、伊利石、麦羟硅钠石、水羟硅钠石、硅镁石、铬岭石或其混合物;和
c)选自聚酰胺和共聚酰胺的热塑性聚合物基体;和
d)选自如下组的酚类抗氧化剂:3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八烷基酯、季戊四醇四[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]、三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)异氰脲酸酯、1,3,5-三甲基-2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)苯、三甘醇双[3-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)丙酸酯]和N,N'-己烷-1,6-二基-双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰胺]。
3.根据权利要求1的组合物作为阻燃剂的用途。
4.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中组分a):b):c)的重量比为40:1:1-1:2:1。
5.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中组分a):b):c)的重量比为20:1:1-1:1:1。
6.一种混合物,其包含:
a)至少一种下式1,3,5-三嗪类化合物的多磷酸盐:
其中T表示1,3,5-三嗪类化合物;且
p表示大于3的数;
b)至少一种选自如下组的可用改性剂改性的层状硅酸盐:蒙脱石、膨润土、贝得石、云母、锂蒙脱石、皂石、绿脱石、锌蒙脱石、蛭石、伊利石、麦羟硅钠石、水羟硅钠石、硅镁石、铬岭石或其混合物;和
d)酚类抗氧化剂。
7.一种赋予聚合物基体阻燃性的方法,所述方法包括在聚合物基体中加入根据权利要求6的混合物。
8.一种赋予选自聚酰胺和共聚酰胺的热塑性聚合物基体阻燃性的方法,所述方法包括在聚合物基体中加入根据权利要求6的混合物。
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PCT/EP2009/066715 WO2010069835A1 (en) | 2008-12-17 | 2009-12-09 | Layered silicate flame retardant compositions |
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WO2010069835A1 (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-06-24 | Basf Se | Layered silicate flame retardant compositions |
KR101596180B1 (ko) * | 2011-08-26 | 2016-02-19 | 로디아 오퍼레이션스 | 폴리아미드 수지 및 폴리에스테르 수지의 알로이를 포함한 난연성 조성물 |
CN102492214B (zh) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-12 | 西北师范大学 | 乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯基无卤阻燃导电高分子复合材料 |
WO2014016406A1 (de) * | 2012-07-27 | 2014-01-30 | Basf Se | Flammgeschütztes thermoplastisches polyurethan auf der basis von metallhydroxiden und polyesterolen |
CN104584290B (zh) | 2013-01-31 | 2018-09-28 | 三洋电机株式会社 | 非水电解质二次电池用正极和非水电解质二次电池 |
KR101488299B1 (ko) * | 2013-02-05 | 2015-01-30 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 난연성 폴리아미드 수지 조성물 |
JP6354379B2 (ja) * | 2013-06-28 | 2018-07-11 | 東レ株式会社 | ポリアミド樹脂組成物 |
WO2015075049A1 (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-05-28 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Flame-retardant polyamide composition |
TWI685524B (zh) | 2013-12-17 | 2020-02-21 | 美商畢克美國股份有限公司 | 預先脫層之層狀材料 |
CN103788407B (zh) * | 2014-01-16 | 2016-03-16 | 上海工程技术大学 | 一种多孔柱撑层状硅酸盐阻燃剂的制备方法 |
CN104693770B (zh) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-05-11 | 鲁西化工集团股份有限公司 | 一种无卤膨胀型阻燃聚碳酸酯复合材料及其制备方法 |
WO2017005546A1 (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2017-01-12 | Danmarks Tekniske Universitet | Fire retardant formulations |
KR101602814B1 (ko) * | 2015-08-24 | 2016-03-22 | (주)디티알 | 고인장강도용 유리 섬유 강화 폴리아마이드66 수지 조성물 및 이의 제조방법 |
US10544264B2 (en) | 2017-08-10 | 2020-01-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | Impact resistant flame retardant polyhexahydrotriazine polymers via generation of polyhexahydrotriazine monomers and hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine small molecules |
JP6899931B2 (ja) * | 2018-02-05 | 2021-07-07 | 帝人株式会社 | 熱可塑性樹脂組成物およびその成形品 |
CN111423619A (zh) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-17 | 北京东方雨虹防水技术股份有限公司 | 一种疏水化阻燃改性蒙脱土及其制备方法和疏水防尘阻燃热塑性聚烯烃防水材料及应用 |
CN113121992B (zh) * | 2021-04-06 | 2022-07-12 | 万华化学(宁波)有限公司 | 一种无卤阻燃耐溶剂的pa12材料及其制备方法 |
CN115287038B (zh) * | 2022-07-07 | 2023-07-14 | 浙江升华云峰新材股份有限公司 | 一种改性层状硅酸盐基无醛阻燃胶黏剂及其应用 |
CN115850962B (zh) * | 2023-01-09 | 2024-02-23 | 宁波锦地工程塑料有限公司 | 无卤阻燃增强尼龙材料及其制备方法与应用 |
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US5084546A (en) | 1990-12-12 | 1992-01-28 | American Cyanamid Company | Fire retardant epoxy resin compositions containing methylol substituted phosphine oxides |
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US6500546B1 (en) | 2000-05-02 | 2002-12-31 | Resolution Performance Products Llc | Halogen-free phosphorous-containing flame-resistant epoxy resin compositions |
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AU2002952373A0 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2002-11-14 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Fire resistant material |
DE10309385B4 (de) * | 2003-03-03 | 2007-01-18 | Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh | Flammschutzmittel-Stabilisator-Kombination für thermoplastische Polymere und ihre Verwendung sowie flammfest ausgerüstete Kunststoff-Formmassen |
DE10320465A1 (de) * | 2003-05-08 | 2004-12-02 | Clariant Gmbh | Flammschutzmittel-Nanocomposite-Kombination für thermoplastische Polymere |
US20050113496A1 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2005-05-26 | Yuji Saga | Flame resistant polyamide resin composition containing phenolic resin and articles made therefrom |
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DE102004039148A1 (de) * | 2004-08-12 | 2006-02-23 | Clariant Gmbh | Glühdrahtbeständige flammwidrige Polymere |
US20060167143A1 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2006-07-27 | General Electric Company | Flame Retardant Poly(Arylene Ether)/Polyamide Composition |
DE102005015605B4 (de) | 2005-04-05 | 2008-04-17 | Schill + Seilacher "Struktol" Aktiengesellschaft | Phosphororganische Verbindungen enthaltende Prepolymere und Verwendungen dafür |
DE102005041966A1 (de) * | 2005-09-03 | 2007-03-08 | Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh | Polymere Formmassen auf Basis von thermoplastischen Polyamiden |
WO2008119693A1 (en) | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-09 | Basf Se | Dopo flame retardant compositions |
WO2008151986A1 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-18 | Basf Se | Flame retardant compositions |
WO2010069835A1 (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-06-24 | Basf Se | Layered silicate flame retardant compositions |
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US8686073B2 (en) | 2014-04-01 |
US20130165558A1 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
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PL2379643T3 (pl) | 2013-04-30 |
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JP2012512300A (ja) | 2012-05-31 |
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