CN102254414B - Embedded automatic meter reading system based on GPRS (Global System for Mobile Communications) - Google Patents

Embedded automatic meter reading system based on GPRS (Global System for Mobile Communications) Download PDF

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CN102254414B
CN102254414B CN201110202566.9A CN201110202566A CN102254414B CN 102254414 B CN102254414 B CN 102254414B CN 201110202566 A CN201110202566 A CN 201110202566A CN 102254414 B CN102254414 B CN 102254414B
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collector
gprs
data
tcu
management
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CN102254414A (en
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罗笑南
刘海亮
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Shenzhen Research Institute of Sun Yat Sen University
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Shenzhen Research Institute of Sun Yat Sen University
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Abstract

The invention discloses an embedded automatic meter reading system based on GPRS (Global System for Mobile Communications). The system comprises a meter, a collector, a transmission controller, a management center computer, a distributor, a real-time scheduler, an embedded microprocessor and a wireless network adapter. The meter is used for metering; the collector is used for collecting pulses emitted by the meter, synchronously transmitting the obtained data to the transmission controller, and accepting and executing commands transmitted by the transmission controller; the transmission controller is used for finishing data communication works with the collector and receiving management commands given by the management center computer; the management center computer is used for processing data and giving various operation commands to the controller; the adapter is used for setting real-time scheduling attribute of a Linux system; the real-time scheduler is used for selecting an algorithm according to kernel real-time scheduling attribute of the Linux system; the embedded microprocessor is used for comprehensively processing information data; and the wireless network adapter is used for receiving and transmitting GPRS information. The embedded automatic meter reading system based on GPRS can automatically and accurately read the meter in real time according to variation of requirements.

Description

A kind of embedded Automatic meter reading system based on GPRS
Technical field
The present invention relates to digital home technical field, relate in particular to a kind of based on the embedded Automatic meter reading system of GPRS.
Background technology
Along with various instrument are in the continuous increase of various applications, data acquisition, management to instrument also become the problem that people are more and more concerned about.Tradition meter register method is exactly that artificial timesharing is checked meter.Along with modern computer and mechanics of communication are applied wide the sending out of China, artificial timesharing checks meter that labour intensity is large, efficiency is low, it is not in place to check meter, estimate copy, leak copy, mistake is copied, miscount and the cycle bench problem of checking meter seriously comes out, and the artificial timesharing mode of checking meter cannot meet at all that present Technology of Electrical Power Generation is true to data, the requirement of consistance, agility and real-time; To electrical production peak load shifting, reduction line loss, the effect of increasing economic efficiency not quite.Therefore Automatic meter reading system also just arises at the historic moment.
Along with the high speed development of national economy and the raising of living standards of the people, safety, comfortable, modern functional housing estate development is surging forward at us, Automatic meter reading system is one of important component part of intelligent residential district, it is the inexorable trend of home automation, has set about electricity the intelligent residential building community in more domestic cities, water, combustion gas, consideration is concentrated in the measuring control such as heat, build intelligent, networking, centralized measuring control pattern and the administrative skill platform of robotization, Automatic meter reading system becomes the inevitable choice that promotes intelligent residential district management automation level gradually.People wish to provide a kind of embedded Automatic meter reading system based on GPRS, to overcome the deficiency of existing Automatic meter reading system communication security transmission aspect.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of embedded Automatic meter reading system based on GPRS, to overcome the deficiency of existing Automatic meter reading system communication security transmission aspect, safer, realize automatic data logging rapidly.
Object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
The invention provides a kind of embedded Automatic meter reading system based on GPRS, comprising:
Gauging table, for metering;
Collector, carries out acquisition process for the pulse that gauging table is sent, and event memory sends to transmission control unit (TCU) by the data that obtain simultaneously, accepts and carry out the various operational orders that transmission control unit (TCU) is sent;
Transmission control unit (TCU), for completing the data communication work between collector, completes and the communicating by letter of management centre computer, and meter data is sent to administrative center's database; The administration order that receiving management central computer is assigned, and pass on various operational orders to each collector in time;
Management centre computer, for calling the data of gauging table in transmission control unit (TCU), processes data, sends various operational orders to controller, and it is arranged to various communications, operating parameter;
Divider, for arranging linux system Real-Time Scheduling attribute;
Real-Time Scheduling device, for selecting suitable dispatching algorithm according to linux system kernel Real-Time Scheduling attribute;
Embedded microprocessor, for overall treatment storer, LCD, keyboard, the I/O data of receiving information;
Wireless network tuner, for accepting and send GPRS information.
Optionally, wherein gauging table and collector integrate, and collector is connected with transmission control unit (TCU) by CAN bus single-path system.
Optionally, transmission control unit (TCU), contacts by GPRS communication network technology and management centre computer, realizes one-to-many management.
Optionally, described system adopts three-decker;
Upper layer channel is that the communication between it is controlled in administrative center and transmission, and middle level channel is the communication between transmission control unit (TCU) and collector, and lower layer channel is the communication between collector and gauging table.
Optionally, the total framework of described system is divided into three levels, and its structure comprises:
(1) hardware drive program layer: the driving, RS-232 serial ports, the LCD that comprise CAN bus module drive;
(2) built-in Linux operating system layer: comprise (SuSE) Linux OS, basic task management, memory management, interrupt management energy is provided, support ppp protocol, the ICP/IP protocol of GPRS communication and network service;
(3) application layer: comprise GPRS communication module, CAN bus communication module, system configuration supervisory routine.
Technique scheme can be found out: the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) avoid artificial timesharing the had shortcoming of checking meter, realize robotization, in real time, accurately, the automatic data logging that can change according to demand.
(2) by linux system kernel is improved, build up the more outstanding automatic data logging administrative center of performance.
(3) the GPRS communication technology is applied to Automatic meter reading system, has realized user's Long-distance Control and management, more can ensure data information security and transmission reliably.
(4) combine the robotization kilowatt meter reading-out system of the GPRS communication technology, be responsible for the comprehensive automation of the gauging tables such as ammeter, water meter, gas meter and checked meter, by the construction of favourable promotion digitizing community, also will bring favourable facilitation to digital home's construction.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the system architecture diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is Automatic meter reading system master routine schematic block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the general structure block diagram of Automatic meter reading system hardware design of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is Automatic meter reading system software architecture block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is transmission control unit (TCU) polling data collector workflow block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the program flow diagram of GPRS terminal dialing online of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making all other embodiment that obtain under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical solution of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1~Figure 6 shows that embodiments of the invention.Fig. 1 is the system architecture diagram of the embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is Automatic meter reading system master routine schematic block diagram of the present invention; Fig. 3 is the general structure block diagram of Automatic meter reading system hardware design of the present invention; Fig. 4 is Automatic meter reading system software architecture block diagram of the present invention; Fig. 5 is transmission control unit (TCU) polling data collector workflow block diagram of the present invention.Fig. 6 is the program flow diagram of GPRS terminal dialing online of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment one, based on the embedded Automatic meter reading system of GPRS, comprises gauging table (as: ammeter, water meter, gas meter etc.), comprises in addition:
Collector, carries out acquisition process for the pulse that gauging table is sent, and event memory sends to transmission control unit (TCU) by the data that obtain simultaneously, accepts and carry out the various operational orders that transmission control unit (TCU) is sent;
Transmission control unit (TCU), for completing the data communication work between collector, timing or the data of making a copy of in real time gauging table in collector, or accept the data of certain gauging table according to system requirements, and store data in storer, enough computing machines call at any time; Complete and the communicating by letter of management centre computer, the information that the administrative centers such as meter data are needed is sent to administrative center's database; The administration order that managed central computer is assigned, and pass on various operational orders to each collector in time;
Management centre computer, for calling in time the data of gauging table in transmission control unit (TCU), by data process, show, storage, printing etc., and send various operational orders to controller, it is arranged to various communications, operating parameter, also there is inquiry, management, automatic correcting time, timing or check meter in real time, overload warning, burn out detection function.
Divider, for arranging linux system Real-Time Scheduling attribute;
Real-Time Scheduling device, for selecting suitable dispatching algorithm according to linux system kernel Real-Time Scheduling attribute;
Embedded microprocessor, for data such as overall treatment storer, LCD, keyboard, I/O receive information;
Wireless network tuner, for accepting and send GPRS information;
Wherein meter and collector integrate, and as in a digital home family in other, collector and water meter, ammeter, gas meter are integrated, and collector is connected with transmission control unit (TCU) by CAN bus single-path system.
A transmission control unit (TCU), by several collectors of the control of CAN bus single-path system and management, as settled a total transmission control in a certain building, is connected with the collector on entire building.
Several transmission control unit (TCU)s, contact by GPRS communication network technology and total management centre computer, realize one-to-many management, a residential quarter or certain several residential quarter can be used the computing machine of an administrative center, the business such as the unification of carrying out a residential quarter or certain several residential quarters electricity charge, water rate, gas charge is checked meter, calculated expense, examines, payment.
The present invention program adopts three-decker: upper layer channel is that the communication between it is controlled in administrative center and transmission, and middle level channel is the communication between transmission control unit (TCU) and collector, and lower layer channel is the communication between collector and gauging table.Adopt the advantage of three-decker to comprise 4 points: the one, modularization hierarchical design, convenient exploitation; The 2nd, simplification system, location, isolation and maintenance are conducive to applaud; The 3rd, favorable expandability, middle layer can expand scale, extend distance, reduces power consumption; The 4th, can flexible networking, for automaticity low can in use lower floor's network, can only the using of small scale, lower floor's network.
The Wireless Data Transmission that thick cocoon Automatic meter reading system is not realized meter data on gprs service platform has can make full use of existing network, shorten the construction period, reducing the construction costs, and have real-time, meter device Long-distance Control, collection are copied to scope is wide, system transmission capacity is large, data transfer rate is high.The advantages such as communication cost is low, and equipment is easy for installation, it is simple to safeguard.
The present embodiment adopt based on the embedded Automatic meter reading system of GPRS, when user builds up system-based physical facility, after installing, debugged ultimate system software, average family has been installed collector, is connected into system, just can realize family's gauging table automatic data logging,
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present embodiment is realized based on GPRS technology automatic data logging, comprises the following steps:
(1) domestic consumer, installs various meters (as: gauging table such as ammeter, water meter, gas meter), and integrated installation collector;
(2) acquisition process is carried out in the pulse that collector sends gauging table, and event memory sends to transmission control unit (TCU) by the data that obtain simultaneously, accepts and carry out the various operational orders that transmission control unit (TCU) is sent;
(3) transmission control unit (TCU) completes the data communication work between collector, timing or the data of making a copy of in real time gauging table in collector, or accept the data of certain gauging table according to system requirements, and store data in storer, enough computing machines call at any time;
(4) transmission control unit (TCU) completes and the communicating by letter of management centre computer according to system requirements, and the information that the administrative centers such as meter data are needed is sent to administrative center's database;
(5) transmission control unit (TCU) is accepted the administration order that management centre computer is assigned in time, and passes on various operational orders to each collector in time.
(6) enterprise customer, utilizes management centre computer to call in time the data of gauging table in transmission control unit (TCU), by data process, show, storage, printing etc., and send various operational orders to controller, it is arranged to various communications, operating parameter.
(7) administrative center's client possess inquiry, management, automatic correcting time, timing or check meter in real time, overload warning, burn out detection function.
(8) domestic consumer arrives appointed place immediately, shows result paying according to client.
Said method is numerous for the various gauging instruments of family, and the artificial timesharing difficulty situation of checking meter is conducive to promote robotization and the intelligent construction of digital home school district.Whole system is normally enabled, and needs configuration management central computer, CAN bus circuit system, transmission control unit (TCU), to each domestic installation collector and other embedded microprocessors thereof.The equipment such as wireless network tuner, power supply, and ppp protocol, ICP/IP protocol, system configuration supervisory routine of peripheral hardware driving, (SuSE) Linux OS, support GPRS communication and the network service such as driving, RS-232 serial ports, LCD that comprise CAN bus module etc. are installed; Then debug system normal operation, can onset.Construction in whole process needs a period of time, but after building up, just can be according to above step normal operation.
When the meter data that the inventive method obtains collector is processed, in described step g, management centre computer has been born Automatic meter reading system highest administration task, it is again pc client, there is inquiry, management, automatic correcting time, timing or check meter in real time, overload warning, burn out detection function, make Automatic meter reading system convenient be operated use by people.
In addition, user utilizes GPRS client automatically to login, the data of calling in time interior gauging table are calculated by administrative center, and by data process, show, storage, printing etc., and send various operational orders to controller, transmission control unit (TCU) is arranged to various communications, operating parameter, and user utilizes GPRS client automatically to login and comprise the following steps:
(1) transmission control unit (TCU), management centre computer are all installed the physical unit that connects wireless GPRS communication network;
(2) TE sends AT order to MT correlation parameter is set, and requires to activate a PDP Context;
(3) MT carries out a pdp context activation, and sends AT response to TE;
(4) ppp protocol on TE sends LCPConfigure-Request to GGSN, is mainly used in setting up the ppp link of a TE to GGSN;
(5) return a LCPConfigure-Ack and be used for confirming that response to TE ppp link builds up;
(6) PPP on GGSN sends LCPConfigure-Request and asks to consult the authentication protocol authenticating between main frame TE and GGSN;
(7) LCPConfigure-Ack of TE response confirms the agreement of assert to GGSN;
(8) authentication protocol that utilizes back to consult, TE is to GGSN certification oneself;
(9) ppp protocol on TE sends a NCPConfigure-Reques request to GGSN, and this will activate network layer protocol;
(10) GGSN notifies the present network layer of its ppp protocol to be activated by responding NCP Configure-Ack to TE.
Now to link Wi-Fi by GPRS, and control, management native system upper layer channel is the communication between it of administrative center and transmission control.
The inventive method is in the time of automatic data logging, in described step c, transmission control unit (TCU) completes the data communication work between collector, timing or the data of making a copy of in real time gauging table in collector, or accept the polling data processing of the data of certain gauging table according to system requirements, its step comprises:
(1) transmission control unit (TCU) poll collector, and record current time
(2) transmission control unit (TCU) records collector sum, and gets first collector address;
(3) transmission control unit (TCU) sends querying command to collector;
(4) if normal, the data that the timely record queries of transmission control unit (TCU) returns, if occur query timeout or citation less than etc. abnormal conditions, return to (3) step;
(5) inquire last collector, record collector address, and data query.
Transmission control unit (TCU) polling data collector in the present invention, be that system in real time, is effectively obtained meter and calculated the important guarantee of result, can effectively prevent that the labour intensity that digital home's gauging table (as: ammeter, water meter, gas meter etc.) makes a copy of is large, efficiency is low, it is not in place to check meter, estimate and copy, leak and the practical problems such as copy, mistake is copied, miscount.
In addition, of the present invention based on the embedded Automatic meter reading system of GPRS, total framework is divided into three levels, and its structure comprises:
(1) hardware drive program layer: comprise peripheral hardware drivings such as the driving, RS-232 serial ports, LCD of CAN bus module etc.;
(2) built-in Linux operating system layer: comprise that (SuSE) Linux OS provides the functions such as basic task management, memory management, interrupt management, support ppp protocol, the ICP/IP protocol etc. of GPRS communication and network service;
(3) application layer: comprise GPRS communication module, CAN bus communication module, system configuration supervisory routine etc.;
System of the present invention, combines system and the drivings such as computer management system, communication system, client service system, GPRS communication control system, can effectively meet various demands.
Another object of the present invention---improve embedded Linux system, be achieved by the following technical programs: hard core control system or Linux that the present invention selects.And Linux provides the service mechanisms such as memory management, management of process, file system, by the coordination of these mechanism, complete management, Resource Distribution and Schedule processing to multiple processes.But also, because she has introduced many mechanism to realize the integrated functionality of Linux, provide the functions such as real-time process service thereby affected Linux, what show mainly contains following shortcoming:
1) system call that can not seize, to do priority high again for the process of user's state, can not seize the process of the low priority of kernel mode;
2) dispatching algorithm can not meet the demand of short response time of real-time system and definite act of execution.
3) close the problem of interrupting, some system call chronic, has increased interrupt latency amount of money scheduler latency, and this is deeply in love condition is not allow to occur in real-time system;
4) virtual memory management, system generally adopts the technology of " packing into while needs ", and for time-sharing system, this is a good solution, and brings insufferable unpredictability for real-time system.
Corresponding technical improvements comprises following content:
1) realize Linux preemptive kernel, can realize the preemptive kernel transparent for application program to the amendment of linux kernel source code, by to terminal processes, adopt and seize lock synchronization mechanism and provide guarantor's method to realize preemptive type linux kernel to critical section.
2) realize Real-Time Scheduling mechanism, system two scheduler component: divider and Real-Time Scheduling device, divider is responsible for arranging scheduling attribute, and Real-Time Scheduling device is selected suitable dispatching algorithm according to attribute, has designed simple system call API and carry out message exchange between two assemblies;
3) reject Linux virtual memory mechanism, shielding virutal machine memory mechanism, adopts code level amendment ground method to realize.
Apparatus of the present invention are thoroughly installing, and energising and connecting after GPRS network and CAN bus communication, and management centre computer adopts linux system kernel, are guaranteed and transmits control smooth and easy and safety of communication between it by GPRS.CAN bus communication is born the communication between transmission control unit (TCU) and collector, and communication between collector and gauging table.
The device of hardware for independently building and providing described in apparatus of the present invention, software systems are self-built CAN bus communication system and GPRS telecommunication networks of link, realize digitizing, telemanagement, and safe transmission management.
Technique scheme can be found out: meter reading personnel's labour intensity, the error of checking meter that reduction human factor causes are alleviated in the present invention, and be conducive to promptly add up the real-time line loss of low pressure, reduce electric cost, simultaneously for strengthening the management of power use, prevent that digital home's electric power resource from wasting in a large number, ensure power grid security.The present invention has saved expense and user's time, for user brings great convenience, is conducive to digital home's power network and builds and develop.
The embedded Automatic meter reading system based on the GPRS above embodiment of the present invention being provided, be described in detail, applied specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; , for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention meanwhile.

Claims (3)

1. the embedded Automatic meter reading system based on GPRS, is characterized in that, comprising:
Gauging table, for metering;
Collector, carries out acquisition process for the pulse that gauging table is sent, and event memory sends to transmission control unit (TCU) by the data that obtain simultaneously, accepts and carry out the various operational orders that transmission control unit (TCU) is sent;
Transmission control unit (TCU), for completing the data communication work between collector, completes and the communicating by letter of management centre computer, and meter data is sent to administrative center's database; The administration order that receiving management central computer is assigned, and pass on various operational orders to each collector in time;
Management centre computer, for calling the data of gauging table in transmission control unit (TCU), processes data, sends various operational orders to controller, and it is arranged to various communications, operating parameter;
Divider, for arranging linux system Real-Time Scheduling attribute;
Real-Time Scheduling device, for selecting suitable dispatching algorithm according to linux system kernel Real-Time Scheduling attribute;
Embedded microprocessor, for overall treatment storer, LCD, keyboard, the I/O data of receiving information;
Wireless network tuner, for accepting and send GPRS information;
Wherein gauging table and collector integrate, and collector is connected with transmission control unit (TCU) by CAN bus single-path system;
Transmission control unit (TCU), contacts by GPRS communication network technology and management centre computer, realizes one-to-many management.
2. the embedded Automatic meter reading system based on GPRS according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described system adopts three-decker;
Upper layer channel is that the communication between it is controlled in administrative center and transmission, and middle level channel is the communication between transmission control unit (TCU) and collector, and lower layer channel is the communication between collector and gauging table.
3. the embedded Automatic meter reading system based on GPRS according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The total framework of described system is divided into three levels, and its structure comprises:
(1) hardware drive program layer: the driving, RS-232 serial ports, the LCD that comprise CAN bus module drive;
(2) built-in Linux operating system layer: comprise (SuSE) Linux OS, basic task management, memory management, interrupt management energy is provided, support ppp protocol, the ICP/IP protocol of GPRS communication and network service;
(3) application layer: comprise GPRS communication module, CAN bus communication module, system configuration supervisory routine.
CN201110202566.9A 2011-07-19 2011-07-19 Embedded automatic meter reading system based on GPRS (Global System for Mobile Communications) Active CN102254414B (en)

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CN102411838B (en) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-03 重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 Wireless power meter reading system and control method thereof
CN103592921B (en) * 2013-11-21 2016-08-17 国网上海市电力公司 A kind of intelligent domestic system
CN108845514B (en) * 2018-07-09 2021-07-23 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 Ammeter data acquisition method based on link detection
CN109215327B (en) * 2018-08-17 2021-02-02 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 Metering method of power acquisition terminal
CN111047850A (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-21 深圳华越诚电子科技有限公司 Method, device and equipment for remotely reading water, electricity and gas

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