CN102254414A - Embedded automatic meter reading system based on GPRS (Global System for Mobile Communications) - Google Patents
Embedded automatic meter reading system based on GPRS (Global System for Mobile Communications) Download PDFInfo
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- CN102254414A CN102254414A CN2011102025669A CN201110202566A CN102254414A CN 102254414 A CN102254414 A CN 102254414A CN 2011102025669 A CN2011102025669 A CN 2011102025669A CN 201110202566 A CN201110202566 A CN 201110202566A CN 102254414 A CN102254414 A CN 102254414A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an embedded automatic meter reading system based on GPRS (Global System for Mobile Communications). The system comprises a meter, a collector, a transmission controller, a management center computer, a distributor, a real-time scheduler, an embedded microprocessor and a wireless network adapter. The meter is used for metering; the collector is used for collecting pulses emitted by the meter, synchronously transmitting the obtained data to the transmission controller, and accepting and executing commands transmitted by the transmission controller; the transmission controller is used for finishing data communication works with the collector and receiving management commands given by the management center computer; the management center computer is used for processing data and giving various operation commands to the controller; the adapter is used for setting real-time scheduling attribute of a Linux system; the real-time scheduler is used for selecting an algorithm according to kernel real-time scheduling attribute of the Linux system; the embedded microprocessor is used for comprehensively processing information data; and the wireless network adapter is used for receiving and transmitting GPRS information. The embedded automatic meter reading system based on GPRS can automatically and accurately read the meter in real time according to variation of requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to digital home technical field, relate in particular to a kind of based on the embedded Automatic meter reading system of GPRS.
Background technology
Along with of the continuous increase of various instrument, the data acquisition of instrument, management are also become the problem that people more and more are concerned about in various applications.The tradition meter register method is exactly that artificial timesharing is checked meter.Along with modern computer and mechanics of communication are used wide the sending out of China, artificial timesharing checks meter that labour intensity is big, efficient is low, it is not in place to check meter, estimate copy, leak copy, mistake is copied, miscount and the cycle bench problem of checking meter seriously comes out, and the artificial timesharing mode of checking meter can't satisfy at all that present Technology of Electrical Power Generation is true to data, the requirement of consistance, agility and real-time; To electrical production peak load shifting, reduction line loss, the effect of increasing economic efficiency not quite.Therefore Automatic meter reading system also just arises at the historic moment.
Raising along with high speed development of national economy and living standards of the people, safety, comfortable, modern functional housing estate development is surging forward at us, Automatic meter reading system is one of important component part of intelligent residential district, it is the inexorable trend of home automation, the intelligent residential building sub-district in more domestic cities set about with, water, combustion gas, consideration is concentrated in measuring control such as heat, make up intelligent, networking, the centralized measuring control pattern and the administrative skill platform of robotization, Automatic meter reading system become the inevitable choice that promotes intelligent residential district management automation level gradually.People wish to provide a kind of embedded Automatic meter reading system based on GPRS, to overcome the deficiency of existing Automatic meter reading system communication security transmission aspect.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of embedded Automatic meter reading system based on GPRS, overcoming the deficiency of existing Automatic meter reading system communication security transmission aspect, safer, realize automatic data logging apace.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
The invention provides a kind of embedded Automatic meter reading system, comprising based on GPRS:
Gauging table is used for metering;
Collector, acquisition process is carried out in the pulse that is used for gauging table is sent, and event memory sends to transmission control unit (TCU) with the data that obtain simultaneously, accepts and carry out the various operational orders that transmission control unit (TCU) is sent;
Transmission control unit (TCU), be used to finish and collector between data communication work, finish and the communicating by letter of management centre computer, meter data is sent to administrative center's database; The administration order that the receiving management central computer is assigned, and in time pass on various operational orders to each collector;
Management centre computer is used to call the data of gauging table in the transmission control unit (TCU), and data are handled, and sends various operational orders to controller, and it is provided with various communications, operating parameter;
Divider is used to be provided with linux system Real-Time Scheduling attribute;
The Real-Time Scheduling device is used for selecting suitable dispatching algorithm according to linux system kernel Real-Time Scheduling attribute;
Embedded microprocessor is used for overall treatment storer, LCD, keyboard, the I/O data of receiving information;
The wireless network tuner is used for accepting and sending GPRS information.
Optionally, wherein gauging table and collector integrate, and collector is connected with transmission control unit (TCU) by CAN bus single-path system.
Optionally, transmission control unit (TCU) is got in touch by GPRS communication network technology and management centre computer, realizes the one-to-many management.
Optionally, described system adopts three-decker;
Upper layer channel is that the communication between it is controlled in administrative center and transmission, and the middle level channel is the communication between transmission control unit (TCU) and the collector, and lower layer channel is the communication between collector and the gauging table.
Optionally, the total framework of described system is divided into three levels, and its structure comprises:
(1) hardware drive program layer: the driving, RS-232 serial ports, the LCD that comprise the CAN bus module drive;
(2) built-in Linux operating system layer: comprise (SuSE) Linux OS, basic task management, memory management, interrupt management energy is provided, support ppp protocol, the ICP/IP protocol of GPRS communication and network service;
(3) application layer: comprise GPRS communication module, CAN bus communication module, system configuration supervisory routine.
Technique scheme is as can be seen: the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) shortcoming of avoiding artificial timesharing to check meter and had, realize robotization, in real time, accurately, the automatic data logging that can change according to demand.
(2) by the linux system kernel is improved, build up the more outstanding automatic data logging administrative center of performance.
(3) the GPRS communication technology is applied to Automatic meter reading system, has realized user's Long-distance Control and management, more can guarantee data information security and transmission reliably.
(4) combine the robotization kilowatt meter reading-out system of the GPRS communication technology, be responsible for the comprehensive automatic data logging of gauging tables such as ammeter, water meter, gas meter,, also will bring favourable facilitation to digital home's construction with the construction of favourable promotion digitizing sub-district.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the system architecture diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is an Automatic meter reading system master routine schematic block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the general structure block diagram of Automatic meter reading system hardware design of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is an Automatic meter reading system software architecture block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a transmission control unit (TCU) polling data collector workflow block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the program flow diagram of GPRS terminal dialing online of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making all other embodiment that obtained under the creative work prerequisite.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical solution of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1～Figure 6 shows that embodiments of the invention.Fig. 1 is the system architecture diagram of the embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is an Automatic meter reading system master routine schematic block diagram of the present invention; Fig. 3 is the general structure block diagram of Automatic meter reading system hardware design of the present invention; Fig. 4 is an Automatic meter reading system software architecture block diagram of the present invention; Fig. 5 is a transmission control unit (TCU) polling data collector workflow block diagram of the present invention.Fig. 6 is the program flow diagram of GPRS terminal dialing online of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment is a kind of based on the embedded Automatic meter reading system of GPRS, comprises gauging table (as: ammeter, water meter, gas meter etc.), comprises in addition:
Collector, acquisition process is carried out in the pulse that is used for gauging table is sent, and event memory sends to transmission control unit (TCU) with the data that obtain simultaneously, accepts and carry out the various operational orders that transmission control unit (TCU) is sent;
Transmission control unit (TCU), be used to finish and collector between data communication work, regularly or the data of making a copy of gauging table in the collector in real time, or accept the data of certain gauging table according to system requirements, and with data storage in storer, enough computing machines call at any time; Finish and the communicating by letter of management centre computer, the information that administrative centers such as meter data are needed is sent to administrative center's database; The administration order that managed central computer is assigned, and in time pass on various operational orders to each collector;
Management centre computer, be used in time calling the data of gauging table in the transmission control unit (TCU), with data handle, show, storage, printing etc., and send various operational orders to controller, it is provided with various communications, operating parameter, also have inquiry, management, automatic correcting time, timing or check meter in real time, overload warning, burn out detection function.
Divider is used to be provided with linux system Real-Time Scheduling attribute;
The Real-Time Scheduling device is used for selecting suitable dispatching algorithm according to linux system kernel Real-Time Scheduling attribute;
Embedded microprocessor is used for overall treatment storer, LCD, keyboard, I/O data such as receive information;
The wireless network tuner is used for accepting and sending GPRS information;
Wherein meter and collector integrate, and as in a digital home family among other, collector and water meter, ammeter, gas meter are integrated, and collector is connected with transmission control unit (TCU) by CAN bus single-path system.
A transmission control unit (TCU) by several collectors of CAN bus single-path system control and management, as settling a total transmission control in a certain building, is connected with collector on the entire building.
Several transmission control unit (TCU)s, get in touch by GPRS communication network technology and total management centre computer, the management of realization one-to-many, the computing machine of an administrative center can be used in a residential quarter or certain several residential quarter, and expense is checked meter, calculated in the unification of carrying out a residential quarter or certain several residential quarters electricity charge, water rate, gas charge, business such as examine, pay the fees.
The present invention program adopts three-decker: upper layer channel is that the communication between it is controlled in administrative center and transmission, and the middle level channel is the communication between transmission control unit (TCU) and the collector, and lower layer channel is the communication between collector and the gauging table.Adopt the advantage of three-decker to comprise 4 points: the one, modularization hierarchical design, convenient exploitation; The 2nd, simplified system, location, isolation and maintenance help applauding; The 3rd, favorable expandability, the middle layer can enlarge scale, prolong distance, reduces power consumption; The 4th, but flexible networking, for automaticity low can in use lower floor's network, can only the using of small scale, lower floor's network.
Thick cocoon Automatic meter reading system is not realized that the wireless data transmission of meter data has and can be made full use of existing network on the gprs service platform, shorten the construction period, reducing the construction costs, and have real-time, meter device Long-distance Control, collection are copied that scope is wide, system transmission capacity is big, data transfer rate is high.Advantages such as communication cost is low, and equipment is easy for installation, it is simple to safeguard.
Present embodiment adopt based on the embedded Automatic meter reading system of GPRS, when the user builds up the system-based physical facility, install, debugged after the ultimate system software, average family has been installed collector, is connected into system, just can realize family's gauging table automatic data logging,
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, present embodiment is realized may further comprise the steps based on GPRS technology automatic data logging:
(1) domestic consumer installs various meters (as: gauging tables such as ammeter, water meter, gas meter), and union becomes to have installed collector;
(2) collector carries out acquisition process to the pulse that gauging table sends, and event memory sends to transmission control unit (TCU) with the data that obtain simultaneously, accepts and carry out the various operational orders that transmission control unit (TCU) is sent;
(3) transmission control unit (TCU) finish and collector between data communication work, regularly or the data of making a copy of gauging table in the collector in real time, or accept the data of certain gauging table according to system requirements, and with data storage in storer, enough computing machines call at any time;
(4) transmission control unit (TCU) is finished and the communicating by letter of management centre computer according to system requirements, and the information that administrative centers such as meter data are needed is sent to administrative center's database;
(5) transmission control unit (TCU) is in time accepted the administration order that management centre computer is assigned, and in time passes on various operational orders to each collector.
(6) enterprise customer utilizes management centre computer in time to call the data of gauging table in the transmission control unit (TCU), with data handle, show, storage, printing etc., and send various operational orders to controller, it is provided with various communications, operating parameter.
(7) administrative center's client possess inquiry, management, automatic correcting time, timing or check meter in real time, overload warning, burn out detection function.
(8) domestic consumer arrives the appointed place immediately, according to client display result paying.
Said method is numerous at the various gauging instruments of family, and the artificial timesharing difficulty situation of checking meter helps promoting the robotization and intelligent construction of digital home school district.Total system is normally enabled, and needs configuration management central computer, CAN bus circuit system, transmission control unit (TCU), gives each domestic installation collector and other embedded microprocessors thereof.Equipment such as wireless network tuner, power supply, and ppp protocol, ICP/IP protocol, system configuration supervisory routine of peripheral hardware driving, (SuSE) Linux OS, support GPRS communication and network services such as the driving comprise the CAN bus module, RS-232 serial ports, LCD or the like are installed; Debug system normal operation then can onset.Construction in the whole process needs a period of time, but after building up, just can be according to above step normal operation.
When the inventive method is handled the meter data that collector obtained, management centre computer has been born Automatic meter reading system highest administration task in the described step g, it is again pc client, have inquiry, management, automatic correcting time, timing or check meter in real time, overload warning, burn out detection function, Automatic meter reading system can convenient be manipulated by the people.
In addition, the user utilizes the GPRS client to login automatically, the data of gauging table in administrative center calculates and in time calls, and with data handle, show, storage, printing etc., and send various operational orders to controller, transmission control unit (TCU) is provided with various communications, operating parameter, and the user utilizes the GPRS client to login automatically and may further comprise the steps:
(1) transmission control unit (TCU), management centre computer are all installed the physical unit that connects the wireless GPRS communication network;
(2) TE orders to MT transmission AT correlation parameter is set, and requires to activate a PDP Context;
(3) MT carries out a pdp context activation, and transmission AT responds to TE;
(4) ppp protocol on the TE sends LCPConfigure-Request to GGSN, is mainly used in and sets up the ppp link of a TE to GGSN;
(5) returning a LCPConfigure-Ack responds to TE and is used for confirming that ppp link builds up;
(6) PPP on the GGSN sends LCPConfigure-Request and asks to consult to be used for the authentication protocol that authenticates between main frame TE and the GGSN;
(7) TE responds a LCPConfigure-Ack and confirms the agreement assert to GGSN;
(8) authentication protocol that utilizes back to consult, TE is to GGSN authentication oneself;
(9) ppp protocol on the TE sends a NCPConfigure-Reques request to GGSN, and this is with the activating network layer protocol;
(10) GGSN notifies the present network layer of its ppp protocol to be activated by responding NCP Configure-Ack to TE.
Be by GPRS link Wi-Fi at this moment, and control, management native system upper layer channel are administrative centers and communication between it is controlled in transmission.
The inventive method is when automatic data logging, among the described step c transmission control unit (TCU) finish and collector between data communication work, regularly or the data of making a copy of gauging table in the collector in real time, or the polling data of accepting the data of certain gauging table according to system requirements handles, and its step comprises:
(1) transmission control unit (TCU) poll collector, and record current time
(2) transmission control unit (TCU) record acquisition device sum, and get first collector address;
(3) transmission control unit (TCU) sends querying command to collector;
(4) if normal, the data that the timely record queries of transmission control unit (TCU) returns, if occur query timeout or citation less than etc. abnormal conditions, return (3) step;
(5) inquire last collector, record acquisition device address, and data query.
Transmission control unit (TCU) polling data collector among the present invention, be that system obtains the important assurance that meter calculates the result in real time, effectively, can prevent effectively that the labour intensity that digital home's gauging table (as: ammeter, water meter, gas meter etc.) makes a copy of is big, efficient is low, it is not in place to check meter, estimate and copy, leak and practical problems such as copy, mistake is copied, miscount.
In addition, of the present invention based on the embedded Automatic meter reading system of GPRS, total framework is divided into three levels, and its structure comprises:
(1) hardware drive program layer: comprise peripheral hardware driving such as driving, RS-232 serial ports, LCD of CAN bus module etc.;
(2) built-in Linux operating system layer: comprise that (SuSE) Linux OS provides functions such as basic task management, memory management, interrupt management, support the ppp protocol, ICP/IP protocol of GPRS communication and network service etc.;
(3) application layer: comprise GPRS communication module, CAN bus communication module, system configuration supervisory routine or the like;
System of the present invention combines system and drivings such as computer management system, communication system, client service system, GPRS communication control system, can effectively satisfy various demands.
Another object of the present invention---improve embedded Linux system, be achieved by the following technical programs: hard core control system or Linux that the present invention selects for use.And Linux provides service mechanisms such as memory management, management of process, file system, and by the coordination of these mechanism, management, resources allocation and the scheduling finished a plurality of processes are handled.But also because she has introduced many mechanism to realize the integrated functionality of Linux, provide functions such as real-time process service thereby influenced Linux, what show mainly contains following shortcoming:
1) system call that can not seize, promptly to do priority high again for the process of user's attitude, can not seize the process of the low priority of kernel mode;
2) dispatching algorithm can not satisfy the demand of short response time of real-time system and the act of execution of determining.
3) problem of close interrupting, some system call chronic increased and interrupted time-delay amount of money scheduler latency, and this is deeply in love condition and does not allow to take place in real-time system;
4) virtual memory management, system generally adopts the technology of " packing into when needing ", and this is a good solution for time-sharing system, and brings insufferable unpredictability for real-time system.
The corresponding techniques innovative approach comprises following content:
1) realize the Linux preemptive kernel, i.e. modification to the linux kernel source code can realize for the transparent preemptive kernel of application program, by to terminal processes, adopts and seizes the lock synchronization mechanism provides the guarantor to critical section method realization preemptive type linux kernel.
2) realize Real-Time Scheduling mechanism, system design two scheduler component: divider and Real-Time Scheduling device, divider is responsible for being provided with the scheduling attribute, and the Real-Time Scheduling device is selected suitable dispatching algorithm according to attribute, has designed simple system call API between two assemblies and has carried out message exchange;
3) reject the Linux virtual memory mechanism, shielding virutal machine memory mechanism adopts code level to revise ground method and realizes.
Apparatus of the present invention are thoroughly installing, and behind energising and connection GPRS network and the CAN bus communication, management centre computer adopts the linux system kernel, guarantee and transmit to control the smooth and easy and safety of communication between it by GPRS.The CAN bus communication is born the communication between transmission control unit (TCU) and the collector, and the communication between collector and the gauging table.
The device of the described hardware of apparatus of the present invention for independently building and providing, software systems then are self-built CAN bus communication system and GPRS telecommunication networks of link, realize digitizing, telemanagement, and the safe transmission management.
Technique scheme is as can be seen: the present invention alleviate the meter reading personnel labour intensity, reduce the error of checking meter that human factor causes, and help promptly adding up the real-time line loss of low pressure, reduce electric cost, simultaneously, ensure power grid security for strengthening the management of power use, preventing that digital home's electric power resource from wasting in a large number.The present invention has saved expense and user's time, for the user brings great convenience, helps digital home's power network construction and development.
More than to embedded Automatic meter reading system that the embodiment of the invention provided based on GPRS, be described in detail, used specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, the part that all can change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the embedded Automatic meter reading system based on GPRS is characterized in that, comprising:
Gauging table is used for metering;
Collector, acquisition process is carried out in the pulse that is used for gauging table is sent, and event memory sends to transmission control unit (TCU) with the data that obtain simultaneously, accepts and carry out the various operational orders that transmission control unit (TCU) is sent;
Transmission control unit (TCU), be used to finish and collector between data communication work, finish and the communicating by letter of management centre computer, meter data is sent to administrative center's database; The administration order that the receiving management central computer is assigned, and in time pass on various operational orders to each collector;
Management centre computer is used to call the data of gauging table in the transmission control unit (TCU), and data are handled, and sends various operational orders to controller, and it is provided with various communications, operating parameter;
Divider is used to be provided with linux system Real-Time Scheduling attribute;
The Real-Time Scheduling device is used for selecting suitable dispatching algorithm according to linux system kernel Real-Time Scheduling attribute;
Embedded microprocessor is used for overall treatment storer, LCD, keyboard, the I/O data of receiving information;
The wireless network tuner is used for accepting and sending GPRS information.
2. the embedded Automatic meter reading system based on GPRS according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Wherein gauging table and collector integrate, and collector is connected with transmission control unit (TCU) by CAN bus single-path system.
3. the embedded Automatic meter reading system based on GPRS according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:
Transmission control unit (TCU) is got in touch by GPRS communication network technology and management centre computer, realizes the one-to-many management.
4. the embedded Automatic meter reading system based on GPRS according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:
Described system adopts three-decker;
Upper layer channel is that the communication between it is controlled in administrative center and transmission, and the middle level channel is the communication between transmission control unit (TCU) and the collector, and lower layer channel is the communication between collector and the gauging table.
5. the embedded Automatic meter reading system based on GPRS according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:
The total framework of described system is divided into three levels, and its structure comprises:
(1) hardware drive program layer: the driving, RS-232 serial ports, the LCD that comprise the CAN bus module drive;
(2) built-in Linux operating system layer: comprise (SuSE) Linux OS, basic task management, memory management, interrupt management energy is provided, support ppp protocol, the ICP/IP protocol of GPRS communication and network service;
(3) application layer: comprise GPRS communication module, CAN bus communication module, system configuration supervisory routine.
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| CN102411838A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-04-11 | 重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Wireless power meter reading system and control method thereof |
| CN103592921A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-02-19 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Intelligent home system |
| CN108845514A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-20 | 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 | Ammeter data acquisition method based on link detecting |
| CN109215327A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-01-15 | 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 | A kind of metering method of electric power acquisition terminal |
| CN111047850A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-21 | 深圳华越诚电子科技有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for remotely reading water, electricity and gas |
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| CN102411838A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-04-11 | 重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Wireless power meter reading system and control method thereof |
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| CN108845514B (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2021-07-23 | 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 | Ammeter data acquisition method based on link detection |
| CN109215327A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-01-15 | 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 | A kind of metering method of electric power acquisition terminal |
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| CN111047850A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-21 | 深圳华越诚电子科技有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for remotely reading water, electricity and gas |
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