CN102253020B - Cavity enhanced detection apparatus for heavy metal content in air - Google Patents
Cavity enhanced detection apparatus for heavy metal content in air Download PDFInfo
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- CN102253020B CN102253020B CN 201110111698 CN201110111698A CN102253020B CN 102253020 B CN102253020 B CN 102253020B CN 201110111698 CN201110111698 CN 201110111698 CN 201110111698 A CN201110111698 A CN 201110111698A CN 102253020 B CN102253020 B CN 102253020B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cavity enhanced detection apparatus for a heavy metal content in air. In the prior art, atomized components are required; the structure is complex; laser-induced fluorescent signal is weak; the detection sensitivity is low. The apparatus provided by the present invention is characterized in that: laser oblique incidence cavity enhanced principle is adopted; two spherical mirrors form a optical stability cavity, wherein a light transmission hole is arranged on a off-axis position on one spherical mirror; a laser beam obliquely incident in the optical stability cavity through the light transmission hole and generates a plurality of reflections in the optical stability cavity; the laser beam passes a heavy metal sample in a detected area, absorbs photons after being stimulated, and then releases fluorescence; after filtering the fluorescence, the fluorescence is collected by a beam convergence component arranged on a side of the optical stability cavity, and is transmitted in a spectrum detection instrument; the spectrum detection instrument detects characteristic spectrum strength of the heavy metal to obtain the heavy content in the air. According to the present invention, the atomization is not required; the system is simple; the stability of the system is good; the reliability of the result is high; the on-line in situ detection can be performed; the detection sensitivity is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical technical field; Relate to a kind of device that detects content of beary metal in the air; Content of beary metal pick-up unit in the enhanced air of particularly a kind of chamber, the content detection of suspension heavy metal in the air in the fields such as main environment monitoring, energy-saving and emission-reduction, industrial process control.
Background technology
Heavy metal refers generally to atomic density more than or equal to 5 * 10
-3Kg/m
3Metallic element, like mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium, gold, silver, copper etc., have 45 kinds approximately.Toxic heavy metal is meant that some heavy metal gets into human body through food, disturbs the human body normal physiological function, is detrimental to health.This type heavy metal mainly contains mercury, chromium, cadmium, lead, zinc, tin etc.For example, lead is the nonessential material of human body, and is easy to enrichment in human body, and is difficult for discharging.Heavy metal pollution is the great environmental problem that Eleventh Five-Year Plan highlights, and " heavy metal pollution integrated control " 12 " planning " obtains State Council's reply, becomes first " 12 " national planning.Content of beary metal detects demand and extensively is present in the fields such as environmental monitoring, energy-saving and emission-reduction, industrial process control.
Formerly in the technology, the detection method of heavy metal is mainly contained atomic absorption spectrography (AAS), atomic emission spectrometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry.Highly sensitive, characteristics such as selectivity good, good stability that atomic absorption spectrography (AAS) has, but receive chemical serious interference, repeatability and poor accuracy will be anticipated by sample, and test will be removed residuals after accomplishing.Atomic emission spectrometry; Have that analysis speed is fast, good reproducibility, can detect advantage such as multiple element simultaneously, disturb, generally be used for the analysis of solid metal more but be subject to chemistry equally; And can tracer liquid based on the emission spectrographic analysis of plasma, but analysis speed be slow.Atomic fluorescence spectrometry has to be analyzed accurately, and selectivity is good, and detection limit is low, and the range of linearity is wide, disturb advantages such as few, but atomic fluorescence spectrometry appearance complex structure needs atomizing apparatus, carry out pre-service to sample.Above method all can not detect content of beary metal in the air on the thronely continuously.In addition; Formerly also there is content of beary metal pick-up unit in a kind of air in the technology; Referring to a kind of device that detects suspension lead content in the air of patent of invention, the patent No. is ZL200910097973.0, though this invention has certain advantage; But exist essence not enough: the laser beam single is through detected space, and the efficiency of light energy utilization is low; Can be little by the tested zone of the fluorescence of induced with laser, system testing undulatory property as a result is limited; A little less than the fluorescence signal of induced with laser, and by regathering fluorescence signal after the double-sided reflecting mirror reflection, fluorescence signal further weakens.So this invention can't realize the high-sensitivity detection of content of beary metal in the air in itself.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to deficiency to above-mentioned technology; Content of beary metal pick-up unit in the enhanced air of a kind of chamber is provided; Have efficiency of light energy utilization height, good stability, high, the online in-situ monitoring of reliability; Do not need pre-service and atomization parts, the fluorescence signal of induced with laser is strong, can realize characteristics such as content of beary metal detection in the high sensitivity air.
Basic design of the present invention is: utilize laser oblique incidence chamber enhancement principle, constitute the optical stabilization chamber by two spherical reflectors, the off-axis position of one of them spherical reflector is provided with light hole; Laser beam through the small holes oblique incidence in the optical stabilization chamber; Repeatedly reflection in the optical stabilization chamber, laser beam discharges fluorescence through the heavy metal sample in the zone after being excited to absorb photon, and fluorescence is after filtering; Beam convergence element by side, optical stabilization chamber is provided with is collected; Be input in the spectral detection instrument, the spectral detection instrument detects the characteristic spectral line intensity of heavy metal, obtains the content of heavy metal in the air.The method need not that atomization, system are simple, good stability, high, the online in situ detection of reliability, and detection sensitivity is high.
The present invention includes LASER Light Source, incident spherical reflector, outgoing spherical reflector, lateral reflector, optical filter, beam convergence element, spectral detection instrument.The axis of symmetry of incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector overlaps and is provided with, and incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector all are positioned at the sphere inboard, and incident spheric reflection specular reflectivity and outgoing spheric reflection specular reflectivity all are higher than 90%; The sphere curvature radius of incident spherical reflector is R<sub >1</sub>, the sphere curvature radius of penetrating spherical reflector is R<sub >2</sub>, the reflecting sphere central point spacing of incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector is d, R<sub >1</sub>, R<sub >2</sub>Satisfying relation with d three is 0<(1-dR<sub >1</sub>) (1-d/R<sub >2</sub>)<1, incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector constitute the optical stabilization chamber; The off-axis position of incident spherical reflector is provided with light hole; The incident spherical reflector be provided with LASER Light Source with the relative opposite side of outgoing spherical reflector one side; The LASER Light Source outgoing beam is through oblique being mapped in the optical stabilization chamber that is made up of incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector of light hole of incident spherical reflector; The axis of symmetry of light hole on the incident spherical reflector and incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector constitutes tangential plane, and there are angle in LASER Light Source outgoing beam direction and tangential plane; Side one side that incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector constitute the optical stabilization chamber is disposed with optical filter, beam convergence element and spectral detection instrument coaxially, and the axis of symmetry at optical filter, beam convergence element and spectral detection instrument place and the axis of symmetry in optical stabilization chamber intersect; On the plane that the axis of symmetry in the axis of symmetry at optical filter, beam convergence element and spectral detection instrument place and optical stabilization chamber determines, the side other direction in optical stabilization chamber is provided with lateral reflector.
Light hole diameter on the described incident spherical reflector is greater than LASER Light Source outgoing beam diameter.
The outside dimension of described incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector is all greater than 20 times of beam diameter.
Described LASER Light Source is a kind of in gas laser, solid-state laser, the dye laser.
Described lateral reflector is a kind of in plane mirror, spherical reflector, cylindrical mirror, the return prism.
Described beam convergence element is a kind of in simple lens, lens arra, the Fresnel Lenses.
Described spectral detection instrument is a kind of of prism spectrometer, grating spectrograph, monochromator, linear array photoelectric sensing spectrometer.
The course of work of content of beary metal pick-up unit is in the enhanced air of a kind of chamber of the present invention: the LASER Light Source outgoing beam is through oblique being mapped in the optical stabilization chamber that is made up of incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector of light hole on the incident spherical reflector.The axis of symmetry of light hole on the incident spherical reflector and incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector constitutes tangential plane; There are angle in LASER Light Source outgoing beam direction and tangential plane; And incident spheric reflection specular reflectivity and outgoing spheric reflection specular reflectivity all are higher than 90%; Laser beam is back and forth propagated in the optical stabilization chamber, and laser beam discharges fluorescence through the heavy metal sample in the zone after being excited to absorb photon.Side one side that incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector constitute the optical stabilization chamber is disposed with optical filter, beam convergence element and spectral detection instrument coaxially; After fluorescence passes through optical filter, beam convergence element successively, detected reception by the spectral detection instrument.On the plane that the axis of symmetry in the axis of symmetry at optical filter, beam convergence element and spectral detection instrument place and optical stabilization chamber determines; The side other direction in optical stabilization chamber is provided with lateral reflector; After the part fluorescence that optical stabilization cavity reflection mirror one side is propagated is reflected mirror reflection; After being horizontally through the optical stabilization chamber, pass through optical filter, beam convergence element successively after, also detect to be received by the spectral detection instrument.The spectral detection instrument obtains the content of heavy metal in the tested regional air through fluorescent characteristics line strength of heavy metal.
The technology of laser fluorescence spectrum principle and spectral detection instrument detected characteristics line strength amalyzing substances content is mature technology among the present invention.Inventive point of the present invention is to utilize laser oblique incidence chamber enhancement principle; Constitute the optical stabilization chamber by two spherical reflectors; Laser oblique incidence optical stabilization chamber, provide an efficiency of light energy utilization height, good stability, reliability height, online in-situ monitoring, need not pre-service and strong, the highly sensitive air of the fluorescence signal of atomization parts, induced with laser in the content of beary metal pick-up unit.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention:
1) utilizes laser oblique incidence chamber enhancement principle; Constitute the optical stabilization chamber by two spherical reflectors; Laser beam, repeatedly reflects in the optical stabilization chamber in the optical stabilization chamber through the small holes oblique incidence, and the laser beam path of induced fluorescence is long; The fluorescence signal that laser of the present invention has efficiency of light energy utilization height, induced with laser is strong, can realize that content of beary metal detects in the high sensitivity air.
2) LIF zone is big, and is arranged in the optical stabilization chamber, and the simple and stable structure of test macro of the present invention, system reliability and stability is high, workable, do not need the atomization parts, realized online in situ detection.
3) the present invention adopts the offside reflection mirror reflection fluorescent light beam of fluorescence detection direction propagation dorsad; Make this part fluorescence also can be passed through optical filter, beam convergence element; Detected reception by the spectral detection instrument; Increase the fluorescence light intensity of collecting, further improved the content of beary metal detection sensitivity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, the content of beary metal pick-up unit comprises LASER Light Source 1, incident spherical reflector 2, outgoing spherical reflector 7, lateral reflector 3, optical filter 6, beam convergence element 5, spectral detection instrument 4 in the enhanced air of chamber.The axis of symmetry of incident spherical reflector 2 and outgoing spherical reflector 7 overlaps and is provided with, and incident spherical reflector 2 all is positioned at the sphere inboard with outgoing spherical reflector 7, and incident spherical reflector 2 reflectivity and outgoing spherical reflector 7 reflectivity all are higher than 85%; The sphere curvature radius of incident spherical reflector 2 is R<sub >1</sub>, the sphere curvature radius of outgoing spherical reflector 7 is R<sub >2</sub>, the reflecting sphere central point spacing of incident spherical reflector 2 and outgoing spherical reflector 7 is d, R<sub >1</sub>, R<sub >2</sub>Satisfying relation with d three is 0<(1-dR<sub >1</sub>) (1-d/R<sub >2</sub>)<1, incident spherical reflector 2 constitutes the optical stabilization chamber with outgoing spherical reflector 7; The off-axis position of incident spherical reflector 2 is provided with light hole; Incident spherical reflector 2 be provided with LASER Light Source 1 with the relative opposite side of outgoing spherical reflector 7 one sides; LASER Light Source 1 outgoing beam is mapped in the optical stabilization chamber that is made up of incident spherical reflector 2 and outgoing spherical reflector 7 through the light hole of incident spherical reflector 2 is oblique; The axis of symmetry of light hole on the incident spherical reflector 2 and incident spherical reflector 2 and outgoing spherical reflector 7 constitutes tangential plane, and there are angle in LASER Light Source 1 outgoing beam direction and tangential plane; Incident spherical reflector 2 is disposed with optical filter 6, beam convergence element 5 and spectral detection instrument 4 coaxially with side one side that outgoing spherical reflector 7 constitutes the optical stabilization chamber, and the axis of symmetry at optical filter 6, beam convergence element 5 and spectral detection instrument 4 places and the axis of symmetry in optical stabilization chamber intersect; On the plane that the axis of symmetry in the axis of symmetry at optical filter 6, beam convergence element 5 and spectral detection instrument 4 places and optical stabilization chamber determines, the side other direction in optical stabilization chamber is provided with lateral reflector 3.6 pairs of LASER Light Source 1 outgoing beams of optical filter are low transmission, transmitance is less than 10%, and the fluorescence of 6 pairs of induced with laser of optical filter is high permeability, and transmitance is greater than 80%.
LASER Light Source 1 adopts the solid-state laser light source, and it is 2 millimeters that laser goes out 1 irradiating light beam diameter, and lateral reflector 3 is a plane mirror, and beam convergence element 5 is a simple lens, and spectral detection instrument 4 adopts linear array photoelectric sensing spectrometer.The sphere curvature radius of incident spherical reflector 2 is 100 centimetres, and the sphere curvature radius of penetrating spherical reflector 7 is 100 centimetres, and the reflecting sphere central point spacing of incident spherical reflector 2 and outgoing spherical reflector 7 is 50 centimetres.The outside dimension of incident spherical reflector 2 and outgoing spherical reflector 7 is 7 centimetres, and incident spherical reflector 2 is 95% with outgoing spherical reflector 7 reflectivity.
LASER Light Source 1 outgoing beam is mapped in the optical stabilization chamber that is made up of incident spherical reflector 2 and outgoing spherical reflector 7 through the light hole on the incident spherical reflector 2 is oblique.The axis of symmetry of light hole on the incident spherical reflector 2 and incident spherical reflector 2 and outgoing spherical reflector 7 constitutes tangential plane; There are angle in LASER Light Source 1 outgoing beam direction and tangential plane; And incident spherical reflector 2 reflectivity and outgoing spherical reflector 7 reflectivity all are higher than 90%; Laser beam is back and forth propagated in the optical stabilization chamber, and laser beam discharges fluorescence through the heavy metal sample in the zone after being excited to absorb photon.Incident spherical reflector 2 is disposed with optical filter 6, beam convergence element 5 and spectral detection instrument 4 coaxially with side one side that outgoing spherical reflector 7 constitutes the optical stabilization chamber; After fluorescence passes through optical filter 6, beam convergence element 5 successively, detected reception by spectral detection instrument 4.On the plane that the axis of symmetry in the axis of symmetry at optical filter 6, beam convergence element 5 and spectral detection instrument 4 places and optical stabilization chamber determines; The side other direction in optical stabilization chamber is provided with lateral reflector 3; After the part fluorescence that optical stabilization cavity reflection mirror 3 one sides are propagated is reflected mirror 3 reflections; After being horizontally through the optical stabilization chamber, pass through optical filter 6, beam convergence element 5 successively after, also detected and receive by spectral detection instrument 4.Spectral detection instrument 4 obtains the content of heavy metal in the tested regional air through fluorescent characteristics line strength of heavy metal.Present embodiment has completed successfully mercury, lead, chromium 3 heavy metal species content detection.The present invention have efficiency of light energy utilization height, good stability, reliability height, online in-situ monitoring, need not pre-service and advantage such as the fluorescence signal of atomization parts, induced with laser is strong, sensitivity height.
Claims (7)
1. content of beary metal pick-up unit in the chamber enhanced air; Comprise LASER Light Source, incident spherical reflector, outgoing spherical reflector, lateral reflector, optical filter, beam convergence element, spectral detection instrument; It is characterized in that: the axis of symmetry of incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector overlaps and is provided with; Incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector all are positioned at the sphere inboard, and incident spheric reflection specular reflectivity and outgoing spheric reflection specular reflectivity all are higher than 90%; The sphere curvature radius of incident spherical reflector is R<sub >1</sub>, the sphere curvature radius of outgoing spherical reflector is R<sub >2</sub>, the reflecting sphere central point spacing of incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector is d, R<sub >1</sub>, R<sub >2</sub>Satisfying relation with d three is 0<(1-dR<sub >1</sub>) (1-d/R<sub >2</sub>)<1, incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector constitute the optical stabilization chamber;
The off-axis position of incident spherical reflector is provided with light hole; The incident spherical reflector be provided with LASER Light Source with the relative opposite side of outgoing spherical reflector one side; The LASER Light Source outgoing beam is through oblique being mapped in the optical stabilization chamber that is made up of incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector of light hole of incident spherical reflector; The axis of symmetry of light hole on the incident spherical reflector and incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector constitutes tangential plane, and there are angle in LASER Light Source outgoing beam direction and tangential plane;
Side one side that incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector constitute the optical stabilization chamber is disposed with optical filter, beam convergence element and spectral detection instrument coaxially, and the axis of symmetry at optical filter, beam convergence element and spectral detection instrument place and the axis of symmetry in optical stabilization chamber intersect; On the plane that the axis of symmetry in the axis of symmetry at optical filter, beam convergence element and spectral detection instrument place and optical stabilization chamber determines, the side other direction in optical stabilization chamber is provided with lateral reflector.
2. content of beary metal pick-up unit in the enhanced air of chamber as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the light hole diameter on the described incident spherical reflector is greater than LASER Light Source outgoing beam diameter.
3. content of beary metal pick-up unit in the enhanced air of chamber as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the outside dimension of described incident spherical reflector and outgoing spherical reflector is all greater than 20 times of beam diameter.
4. content of beary metal pick-up unit in the enhanced air of chamber as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described LASER Light Source is a kind of in gas laser, solid-state laser, the dye laser.
5. content of beary metal pick-up unit in the enhanced air of chamber as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described lateral reflector is a kind of in plane mirror, spherical reflector, cylindrical mirror, the return prism.
6. content of beary metal pick-up unit in the enhanced air of chamber as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described beam convergence element is a kind of in simple lens, lens arra, the Fresnel Lenses.
7. content of beary metal pick-up unit in the enhanced air of chamber as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described spectral detection instrument is a kind of of prism spectrometer, grating spectrograph, monochromator, linear array photoelectric sensing spectrometer.
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| CN104566231A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-29 | 杨毅 | Wavelength conversion device and light-emitting device |
| CN104730045A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-24 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Method for analyzing cavity enhanced substance |
| CN106680227A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-05-17 | 绍兴文理学院 | Spectrum analysis system and spectrum analysis method for component detection |
| CN106707524B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-03-19 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | It is a kind of to penetrate enhanced off-axis integrated cavity configuration |
| CN108398421A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-08-14 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of enhanced laser induced breakdown spectrograph of distinguishable carbon isotope |
| CN109239055B (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-12-25 | 山西大学 | High-sensitivity detection device and method for concentric multi-path cavity enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy |
| CN110530848A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-03 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of detection device and detection method |
| CN112067582A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-11 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Device and method for detecting water vapor stable isotope based on cavity enhanced absorption spectrum technology |
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| CN101196471A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2008-06-11 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Soil heavy metal pollution quantification detecting system and detecting method |
| CN101545862A (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2009-09-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Device for detecting content of suspended lead in air |
| CN202057598U (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2011-11-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Cavity enhanced detection device for detecting heavy metal content in air |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5127729A (en) * | 1983-12-24 | 1992-07-07 | Inotech Ag | Method and apparatus for guiding and collecting light in photometry or the like |
| CN101196471A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2008-06-11 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Soil heavy metal pollution quantification detecting system and detecting method |
| CN101545862A (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2009-09-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Device for detecting content of suspended lead in air |
| CN202057598U (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2011-11-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Cavity enhanced detection device for detecting heavy metal content in air |
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