CN102246712B - Method of expelling ectoparasites parasitic on breeding fish - Google Patents
Method of expelling ectoparasites parasitic on breeding fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN102246712B CN102246712B CN201110102935.7A CN201110102935A CN102246712B CN 102246712 B CN102246712 B CN 102246712B CN 201110102935 A CN201110102935 A CN 201110102935A CN 102246712 B CN102246712 B CN 102246712B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
- A61L2/20—Gaseous substances, e.g. vapours
- A61L2/202—Ozone
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for expelling ectoparasites, which is suitable for expelling ectoparasites parasitic on breeding fish. According to the method for expelling ectoparasites parasitic on breeding fish, an electrolysis type ozone generating device is arranged in the proximity of a culturing farm. Then raw material water is electrolyzed by the electrolysis type ozone generating device to generate ozone water and the electrolytic ozone water is stored in a electrolytic ozone water tank. Breeding fish are put in the electrolytic ozone water tank so as to expel the ectoparasites of the breeding fish.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to drive away cultivation fish ectoparasite as the method for Gill and skin fluke.
Background technology
Recently, the cultural technique of marine product and fish develops to some extent, and the prime fish such as popular cultivation Pacific herring (yellow tail), flounder, porgy (red sea bream) and filefish are as cultivation object.In plant, in order to realize the shorter cultivation phase and increase the output value, the disease caused by virus, pathogenic bacteria and ectoparasite must be prevented.But from May to August, when water temperature is increased to the temperature range 22 ~ 27 DEG C of applicable ectoparasite infestation, aquaculture equipment often can run into the cultivation fish died off.Even if these diseases are nonfatal, parsitism will cause cultivation sashimi (raw fish) reason weakness and bad luck of ingesting, and this will cause the loss of the output value.Owing to using the anti-algae agent of organotin type, the harm that parasite causes increases to some extent, according to reports this is because do not develop any effective expelling method.Although feed medicine (in-feed drug) treatment can buy acquisition for cultivation fish, it is only effective to the parasite of limited kinds that this treatment is proved.Typical parasite is divided into two classes: skin fluke (skin fluke) (its with the epidermal tissue of host fish for food) and Gill (its with the gill of host fish for eating).It is below parasitic method to expeling aquaculture equipment discussed so far.
(1) fresh water bath method and concentrated brine bath method
Fresh water bath method and concentrated brine bath method are used in the fresh water of preparation in oil carrier etc. and concentrated salt solution respectively, wherein fish are immersed a few minutes in described fresh water and concentrated salt solution thus due to the weak and death that comes off of the change parasite of osmotic pressure.These methods are preferred when not considering seawater pollution, although fish body will be subject to the impact of the process water salinity being different from salt concentration of sea-water, and process water must be transported to the plant carrying out processing.
(2) chemical bath method
Chemical bath method attempts the parasite by utilizing drug effect to drive away fish body, and its Chinese traditional medicine comprises sodium pyrophosphate peroxide (sodium pyrophosphate peroxide), SODIUM PERCARBONATE, disodium hydrogen phosphate peroxide (disodium phosphate peroxide), formalin and glacial acetic acid.But medicine brings a lot of pollution problems by surrounding seawater.Following methods is the chemical bath method to implementing so far.
Patent document 1 discloses can such as by using forulic acid and lactic acid to remove the parasite infected on the fish of skin fluke.
Patent document 2 is disclosed and can be suppressed by administration parasite mortifier and prevent the parasitosis of cultivation ocean fish, and wherein parasite mortifier has the composition of cocoa bean as active component.
Patent document 3 discloses can by adding the method that δ-aminolevulinic acid salts for treating has infected disease-causing organism and parasitic fish in nursing pond or tank.
Patent document 4 discloses and uses benzimidazole system medicine to be used as the parasitic expellent of the gill of Japanese filefish and the purposes of expelling method as active component.
Patent document 5 discloses by using stable chlorine dioxide, hypochlorite, organic carboxyl acid and hydrogen peroxide to infect the method for carrying out treating and preventing for the Sukuchika of fish.Different from other parasitosis, Sukuchika cilium infiltrates through in fish body dearly, and it is not effective that this dipping is driven away.To the formalin medicine of the conventional use of forbidding completely so far.
(3) hydrogen peroxide method
The method of hydrogen peroxide is below used to apply as the additive method to anti-parasitic-infectious expeling or preventive means.
Patent document 6 discloses a kind of parasitic method that expeling invests cultivation fish, the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution being diluted to suitable concn is added in the mariculture fish in the less travelling region being placed in aquaculture equipment, this expelling method does not have to defect run into so far or difficulty, and can be easier to and effectively process, even if also like this when processing in a large number.Patent document 6 advises that the concentration of the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution that this process uses is preferably 400 ~ 1000ppm and the processing time is preferably 3 ~ 10 minutes.But the concentrating chemical product transporting aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution are dangerous.In addition, use hydrogen peroxide regularly if reported, parasite will strengthen it to the tolerance of hydrogen peroxide.
Patent document 7 also discloses the prevention method of the different ancylostomiasis (Gill) of the Japanese filefish in a kind of seawater base aquaculture equipment, namely hydrogen peroxide can by processing host fish body to drive away the different hookworm (heterobothrium) being in the stage colonized in the gill under the following conditions: the concentration range of hydrogen peroxide be 400ppm or more to the harmless concentration being less than fish body drug poisoning, the processing time is 20 minutes or longer.
Patent document 8 discloses a kind of method of parasitic ovum of killing cultivation fish: by adding hydrogen peroxide to obtain concentration for 10 ~ 600ppm, irradiates 240 ~ 370nm ultraviolet 3 ~ 40 minutes thus exposure intensity on the water surface of closed aqueous systems is 2 ~ 30mW/cm
2, keep above-mentioned concentration of hydrogen peroxide simultaneously.
Patent document 9 is attempted obtaining concentration 80 ~ 2000ppm by adding hydrogen peroxide, driving away the parasite of cultivation fish and do not damage cultivation fish in wide temperature range, and wherein Peracetic acid is as active component and for being immersed in the process in the Treatment Solution of alkali neutralization by cultivation fish.
(4) additive method
As additive method, patent document 10 and 11 discloses the equipment producing photocatalysis water, wherein photocatalysis water can drive away microorganism, parasite and protozoa by utilizing the oxidation reaction of water, wherein by disperseing by the reactive oxygen species obtained to photocatalytic material irradiation ultraviolet radiation to give the function of reactive oxygen species to the water containing ion.
But, in order to kill parasite by ultraviolet, need high-output power and this application is not suitable for plant.
Patent document 12 discloses the method activating fish immunity, specifically, activates fish to the immunity of fish parasite disease by fish vaccine, thus suppresses cultivation fish because of the lethality of parasitosis.But these to be still in research state and to be less applicable.
(5) method of Ozone Water
Non-patent literature 1 describes the dispel effect that ozone is used as the oxidant of the pathogenic microorganisms of fish.
The open Ozone Water of non-patent literature 2 is suitable for be done to raise water (husbandry water) means, is effective when the concentration of this Ozone Water is 0.3 ~ 0.5ppm and the continuous action time is 5 ~ 10 minutes.The document also discloses the concentration of cultivating in pond and must be decreased to one of percentage thus avoid bromic acid on the impact of cultivation fish, and wherein bromic acid is from the reaction carried out with bromide in seawater.
Following instance reported by non-patent literature 3, and in this example, Ceratomyxa symptom and Myxosoma (genus Myxosoma) infectious parasitic are prevented by using Ozone Water (0.3ppm) to process 5 minutes.Have in the situation of bromine radical ion in the seawater, bromine radical ion should preferably remove in advance, because bromine radical ion and ozone reaction generate lasting and poisonous bromic acid ion.
But, in the conventional method of Ozone Water, to being attached to the fish with pachydermia as the expeling effect of the ectoparasite (comprising Gill and skin fluke) on Japanese filefish or unknown.
The Ozone Water of having dissolved ozone gas is listed in the food additives list of US FDA, and it can be used as authorized for bactericidal agent (disinfectant) (calendar year 2001) in food storage and preparation process.Ozone Water is widely used in the sterilization functions of food industry and food self.
The advantage of Ozone Water comprises:
A there is not bacterial resistance in (), because the dispel effect of ozone (by OH free radical) is from oxidative damage and be indiscriminate.
B () does not produce dangerous secondary metabolite, because ozone decomposed becomes oxygen.
(c) perishability effect.
The performance of perishability effect is merits and demerits simultaneously.Keep in the solution if ozone gas is stable, application and effectiveness will greatly increase.
Ozone therapy method is applied to human body certain history, and is considered to effective methods for the treatment of.Recently, the application of ozone therapy on domestic animal and pet achieves progress, as being recorded in non-patent literature 4.Nearest research display blood syringe ozone activates human immune system.It is expected to ozone and also have same effect for fish.
The common methods of preparation Ozone Water is by discharge-type ozonized gas generator, and the method can prepare the Ozone Water containing several ppm order of magnitude ozone.Application comprises water treatment and food purification.But due to following reason, the application of discharge-type ozonized gas generator is restricted.
A (), when dry air is used as raw material, will generate accessory substance NOx.In order to obtain the gas of high enrichment, pure oxygen is needed to be used as raw material.
B () must have two steps: the dissolving in the solution of the generation of ozone gas and ozone gas.
C (), compared with electrolytic method to be described, is difficult to because ozone concentration is low be dissolved in solution.
Owing to there is the high voltage of power supply (generation power source) and high-frequency thus small size can not be obtained, designing closely in (d).
E () discharge-type ozonated water generator needs the time to produce ability (needing the stand-by time of a few minutes) to realize stable ozone gas.The Ozone Water preparing constant density is immediately difficult.These reasons show discharge-type ozonized gas generator and may not be suitable for plant, especially the plant of seashore.
Except charging method, electrolytic method also becomes known for preparing Ozone Water.This electrolytic method is not so good as charging method in unit energy consumption, but this electrolytic method has been widely used in special dimension as cleaning electronic component, because this electrolytic method has following characteristics: it can more easily obtain highly enriched ozone gas and Ozone Water.In principle, use the electrolytic method of low-voltage dc power supply making an immediate response and secure context is excellent, in the application of undersized ozone gas and ozonated water generator, there is comparatively high expectation value.
In order to effectively produce ozone gas, suitable catalyzer and electrolyte must be selected.As electrode material, known material such as noble metal is as platinum, α-brown lead oxide, β-brown lead oxide, the vitreous carbon being mixed with fluorocarbon and diamond.As electrolyte, employed the aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and those fluoro-containing groups, but due to operational inconvenience, they are not popularized.But applying solid polymer dielectric, as barrier film and the water water electrolytic cell as raw material, as being recorded in non-patent literature 5, being maneuverable and being widely used.When water electrolytic cell uses common catalyzer brown lead oxide, can obtain concentration up to 12 % by weight or higher ozone gas.
For using solid polymer electrolyte as barrier film and the water water electrolytic cell as raw material, patent document 13 discloses the active electrode that conductive diamond is activated water (functional waters) (comprising Ozone Water).
In addition, patent document 14 discloses a kind of method, in the method, provides the solution of ate electrode thus make ozone propose then to gasify from Ozone Water with suitable flow velocity.
Patent document 15 is proposed the compact spray device for the brine electrolysis dissolving ozone, specifically, a kind of the brine electrolysis obtained is injected into vaporific equipment.
Patent document 16 provides expeling and cleaning equipment, and wherein formed Ozone Water enters in antibacterial wash pool, and wherein sterilizing and deodorization are realized by the expeling effect of combined ultrasonic effect and Ozone Water.
In addition, non-patent literature 6 shows the nano bubble of active research and discussion or the practical application of micro air bubble.In nearest progress is recorded in " The Latest Technology of Microbubbles " book.
Patent document 17 and 18 discloses to be had gas such as oxygen and possesses clean-up effect as nano bubble main component, ozoniferous or micro air bubble.With having reported these technology effective for making the norovirus (norovirus) in Oysters.
In addition, as described in non-patent literature 2, have evaluated the utilization of the electrolytic functional water that the chlorion of electrolytic oxidation in plant obtains.According to reports, the pathogenic microorganisms of fish within 1 minute, can be killed with the electrolytic functional water treatment that concentration is 1ppm, and feeding equipment can carry out disinfection (disinfect) for 10 ~ 30 minutes with the electrolytic functional water treatment that concentration is 5ppm.
But the effect of this method is unknown, and can not be reported to the method for driving away the ectoparasite parasitizing target of the present invention cultivation fish and comprising Gill and skin fluke, target cultivation fish of the present invention such as has the Japanese filefish of pachydermia.
[patent document]
[patent document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.2006-77000
[patent document 2] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.2006-61107
[patent document 3] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.2001-316255
[patent document 4] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.2002-220308
[patent document 5] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.2008-44862
[patent document 6] Japanese Examined Patent application discloses civilian 7-51028
[patent document 7] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.HEI6-46708
[patent document 8] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.2009-50215
[patent document 9] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.2000-128702
[patent document 10] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.2008-142647
[patent document 11] International Publication literary composition No.2007/043592 pamphlet
[patent document 12] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.2008-148607
[patent document 13] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.HEI 9-268395
[patent document 14] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.HEI 8-134677
[patent document 15] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.2006-346203
[patent document 16] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.2004-357521
[patent document 17] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.2005-246293
[patent document 18] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.2009-226386
[non-patent literature]
[non-patent literature 1] YOSHIMIZU Mamoru, Ozone Yearbook, p401-409,1993-1994
[non-patent literature 2] Disinfection of fish pathogenic microorganism, Industrial water 523, p13-26,2002
[non-patent literature 3] National Salmon Resources Center, TechnicalInformation p169,2003
[non-patent literature 4] Japan Research Association for the Medical andHygienic Use of Ozone, Special Editionl, 1996
[non-patent literature 5] Japan Electrochemical Society, 132,367,1985
[non-patent literature 6] The Latest Technology of Microbubbles, NTS Inc., 2006
Summary of the invention
Technical problem
About parasite expelling method, discussed multiple method as mentioned above, but wherein any one method does not all solve described problem completely.Expelling method for cultivating fish must meet following necessary condition:
A the expeling of () parasite, particularly skin fluke and Gill must be carried out in short period.
B () can realize driving away on the spot and ensure work safety without the need to the preparation of complexity and storage.
C () process water can former state enter marine.
D () is preferably to implement to drive away to the mode of cultivation fish without ecology influence.Effective and exercisable method is required thus fishery worker can be implemented.
The object of the invention is to solve the various problem that relates in above-mentioned conventional method and the expelling method effectively can driving away ectoparasite (comprising Gill and the skin fluke of cultivation fish) is provided.
The method of dealing with problems
In the present invention, as the first means realizing dealing with problems in above-mentioned purpose in trial, electrolytic ozone generator is arranged near fish farm (fish farm), generates electrolysis ozone water (electrolytic ozone-dissolved water) by this electrolytic ozone generator via electrolysis raw water; The electrolysis ozone water of generation is housed in electrolysis ozone tank (electrolytic ozone-dissolved water tank); Cultivation fish is dropped in described electrolysis ozone tank to drive away the ectoparasite (ectoparasite) that (disinfect) parasitizes cultivation fish.
In the present invention, the second means of dealing with problems concentrates on to drive away Gill in ectoparasite or skin fluke.
In the present invention, the 3rd means of dealing with problems use conductive diamond electrode as the electrode of electrolytic ozone generator.
In the present invention, the 4th means of dealing with problems the temperature of the electrolysis ozone water in electrolysis ozone tank are located at the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C; The concentration of electrolysis ozone water is set to the scope of 0.1 ~ 10ppm; Is set to the scope of 1 ~ 10 minute the processing time.
In the present invention, the 5th means of dealing with problems are, are set to 3mM or less by being supplied to the chlorion of the raw water of electrolytic ozone generator (chloride ion).
In the present invention, the 6th means of dealing with problems are that described electrolytic ozone generator is arranged at the plant on ship or near harbour; The electrolysis ozone water generated by electrolytic ozone generator is supplied to and is arranged on the electrolysis ozone tank that another is arranged in the region at the place place isolated with culturing area; And cultivation fish is placed in another region described to drive away parasitic ectoparasite.
In the present invention, the 7th means of dealing with problems are, load in electrolysis ozone tank by the electrolysis aquae hydrogenii dioxidi generated by electrolytic hydrogen peroxide generator; And by the ectoparasite using the mixing water of electrolysis ozone power and water solution aquae hydrogenii dioxidi to drive away cultivation fish.
In the present invention, the 8th means of dealing with problems are, use the cultivation fish such as Japanese filefish with pachydermia as pending cultivation fish.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
Following beneficial effect has obtained confirmation of the present invention.
A the expeling of () parasite, particularly skin fluke and Gill can be carried out in short period.
B () work is safe and prepares without the need to complexity and storage chemicals, because electrolysis ozone water is by energy and the synthesis of water scene.
C () electrolysis ozone water resolves into rapidly harmless oxygen, and process water used can former state enter marine.
D () electrolysis ozone water realizes effective expeling and to cultivation fish without ecology influence.
In other words, the present invention drives away by the straightforward procedure of application electrolysis ozone water the ectoparasite parasitizing cultivation fish effectively, comprises Gill and skin fluke.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention's electrolytic ozone generator used.
The description of embodiment
It is below the explanation of the one embodiment of this invention based on Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the method for being driven away the ectoparasite (comprising Gill and skin fluke) parasitizing cultivation fish by the present invention.The electrolysis ozone tank 4 of the Ozone Water that Fig. 1 comprises electrolytic ozone generator 1, formed by electrolytic ozone generator 1 to the raw material tank 3 of electrolytic ozone generator and storage for the dc source 2 of electrolytic ozone generator, the water that supplies raw material.Raw water is supplied to electrolytic ozone generator 1 from raw material tank 3, powers to dc source 2.Then, the raw water supplied carries out electrolysis in electrolytic ozone generator 1, generates ozone gas.Ozone gas is dissolved in the electrolysis ozone water being formed in raw water and have certain concentration, and this electrolysis ozone water is housed in electrolysis ozone tank 4.
Then, cultivation fish put into electrolysis ozone tank 4 and keep a special time period.Then, the ectoparasite cultivating fish is purged in electrolysis ozone tank 4.As waiting that the candidate driving away process cultivates fish, this kind of cultivation fishing gear has pachydermia, and such as Japanese filefish, is best suited for, and as waiting that the target of driving away the ectoparasite processed is Gill and skin fluke.The place of carrying out expelling method of the present invention is in the region (compartment) that coastal culturing area is still isolated with coastal culturing area.More specifically, electrolytic ozone generator 1, dc source 2, raw material tank 3 and electrolysis ozone tank 4 are arranged near plant.
As the anode of electrolytic ozone generator 1, conductive diamond electrode is preferred.Compared with platinum electrode or lead dioxide electrode, the feature of conductive diamond electrode is that ozone production efficiency is high, even if be prevented from also keeping high activity when stopping, thus realizes fabulous multifunctionality.
Expeling in electrolysis ozone tank 4 is carried out under following optimum condition: the temperature of the Ozone Water in groove 4 is the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C, the concentration of Ozone Water (ozone-dissolved water) is in the scope of 0.1 ~ 10ppm, and the processing time was the scope of 1 ~ 10 minute.By Ozone Water being recycled to electrolytic ozone generator 1 or by the raw water synthesis ozone with new supply, preferably the concentration of Ozone Water being remained constant.By arranging cooling unit, preferably ozone temperature is remained constant.When the temperature of Ozone Water is within the scope of this, cultivation fish swimming is enlivened and is breathed fully by the gill, this facilitates to gill supply Ozone Water.
Exceed this temperature range, the concentration of dissolved oxygen reduces, and will form the condition dangerous for cultivation fish.Ozone Water only shows effect in this concentration range.Exceed this scope, cultivation fish self will suffer adverse effect, and in addition, the growing amount of ozone gas will increase, and cause operation inconvenience.When with this scope of Duration Ratio of Ozone Water process in short-term, will not have effect, and when long by this scope of Duration Ratio of Ozone Water process, cultivation fish will suffer adverse effect.
Be supplied to the chlorion concentration of the raw water of electrolytic ozone generator 1 preferably to control as 3mM or less thus strengthen ozone effect.When chlorion adds in the raw water being supplied to electrolytic ozone generator 1, its amount preferably trace, because estimate that the moment driving away sea water mixing can occur.When the concentration that chlorion exists exceedes this scope, ozone produces effect and reduces, and can form hypochlorite ion as an alternative.
In addition, can be carried out as follows effective expeling: electrolytic hydrogen peroxide generator is arranged near electrolytic ozone generator 1; The electrolysis hydrogen peroxide generated by electrolytic hydrogen peroxide generator is dropped in electrolysis ozone tank 4; The ectoparasite with the cultivation fish of pachydermia is driven away by the mixing water of electrolysis ozone power and water solution aquae hydrogenii dioxidi.
As mentioned above, when using the mixing water of electrolysis ozone power and water solution aquae hydrogenii dioxidi, the surface of parasite (parasite) is oxidized by these materials and the reactive oxygen species that formed by accelerating oxidation (advanced oxidation), parasitic normal vitality activity inhibited.Parasite leaves parasitic place, is considered to induction of expeling.If employ the mixing water of ozone and hydrogen peroxide, active oxygen tends to generate from accelerating oxidation process.Now, ozone: the concentration ratio of hydrogen peroxide is preferably 1: 0.1 ~ 1: 10.If hydrogen peroxide is less than this scope, accelerating oxidation process can not be there is.On the contrary, if hydrogen peroxide is greater than this scope, then ozone decomposed is accelerated, and only causes the effect of hydrogen peroxide.
Fig. 2 shows another embodiment that expeling of the present invention parasitizes the method for the ectoparasite (comprising Gill and skin fluke) of cultivation fish, and wherein aquaculture tanks (aquaculture preserve) 5 is arranged in the marineland away from seashore; Electrolytic ozone generator 1 is arranged on ship 6; Electrolysis ozone tank 4 is arranged aboard ship or near the sea of ship 6.Electrolysis ozone tank 4 is arranged in another region isolated with aquaculture tanks 5; Ozone Water drops in groove 4; Fish in aquaculture tanks 5 is transported to this region, then processes; Fish is again dropped in aquaculture tanks 5.Container for Ozone Water synthesis or conveying can accept to be used as processing region.Region or container are preferably arranged has covering, thus prevents ozone gas from discharging from Ozone Water.The water volume in the region isolated with seawater is about 1 ~ 10m
3, depend on number and the weight of fish.Expelling method mentioned above should repeatedly to obtain effective result.Aboard ship or in fishing port, Ozone Water is synthesized in electrolytic cell, wherein raw water is always supplied to described electrolytic cell from the container filling raw water.
Hereafter explain the example of the present invention's electrolytic ozone generator used in detail.
(1) electrolytic ozone generator
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment in electrolysis ozone generator pond.In figure 3, electrolysis ozone generator pond is separated into the anode chamber containing anode 7 and the cathode chamber containing negative electrode 8 by amberplex 9.Interelectrode gap is preferably 0.1 ~ 50mm.When gap is narrower than this scope, tend to be short-circuited when contacting, when gap is wider than this scope, cell voltage will increase.More suitably, interelectrode gap is 0.1 ~ 2mm.At each room place, be provided with import and the outlet of raw water.The Ozone Water of electrosynthesis glyoxal can be housed in electrode chamber, but it is further preferred that it is housed in the container prepared separately.Groove material should be selected from the material of resistance to brine electrolysis.Unless expected to there is any particular problem, so usually use PE resin.
(2) electrode reaction
According to the anode reaction in electrolytic cell, continue to generate oxygen (oxygen), as shown in following reaction equation: 2H by the water of electrolysis as raw material supply
2o=O
2+ 4H
++ 4e
-.But, depend on that catalyzer and electrolytic condition can generate ozone, as shown in following reaction equation: 3H
2o=O
3+ 6H
++ 6e
-, can Ozone Water be synthesized thus.
(3) anode material
The substrate material of anode 7 is limited to valve metal (valve metal), such as titanium and niobium and alloy thereof, and silicon.Catalyzer applicatory is platinum, diamond and brown lead oxide.Consider the controllability of doping to electrical conductivity, diamond is considered to promising electrode material.According to reports, except generating oxygen, ozone and hydrogen peroxide are also generated in the oxidation reaction to the diamond electrode that water electrolysis reaction is inertia.Catalyzer can be the part of anode, makes the part of base material keep uncoated.Explained hereinafter typical hot filament CVD (hot filament CVD).Hydrocarbon gas, such as methane CH
4or organic matter such as alcohol is supplied to CVD chamber as carbon source together with hydrogen.CVD chamber is remained in reducing atmosphere, heated filament is heated to 1800 ~ 2400 DEG C, form carbon radicals when this temperature.Electrode base material material is placed in the temperature range of 750 ~ 950 DEG C, when this temperature, diamond deposits.Hydrocarbon gas is 0.1-10 volume % to the concentration of hydrogen, and pressure is 20-1013hPa (1 atmospheric pressure).
In order to obtain preferred electrical conductivity, be necessary the element with different valence adding trace from diamond together.The preferred content of boron or phosphorus P is 1 ~ 100000ppm, more preferably 100 ~ 10000ppm.As starting material, use trimethyl borine (CH
3)
3b, but also preferably include boron oxide B
2o
3with phosphorus pentoxide P
2o
5, it has less toxicity.As electrode base material, these materials such as particle, fiber, plate, perforated plate and bar are all applicable.
(4) cathode material
Mainly generate hydrogen in the cathode reaction at negative electrode 8 place, therefore, cathode catalyst material should to be preferably resistance to hydrogen embrittlement, and such as these materials comprise platinum group metal, nickel, stainless steel, titanium, zirconium, gold, silver, carbon and diamond.The material of the cathode substrate of negative electrode 8 is limited to following material, comprises stainless steel, zirconium, carbon, nickel and titanium.The structural material of present device preferably has excellent non-oxidizability, because the contact of this equipment contains the water of dissolved ozone or peroxide.
(5) membrane material
The active substance formed to be maintained by electrode reaction is in stable state, can use neutral barrier film or amberplex.For film type, available fluororesin or hydrocarbon resin, but with regard to resistance to ozone or antiperoxide aspect, then more preferably fluororesin type.
Fig. 3 is the example using amberplex 9.Amberplex 9 prevents the material formed at anode 7 and negative electrode 8 place to be consumed at opposite electrode place.Because film also has the effect promoting that electrolysis is carried out smoothly, even if also like this when liquid electric conductivity is very low, be therefore necessary when using the electrical conductivity of raw material less to use film.As material, preferred fluororesin or polyimide resin type.
(6) raw water and electrolysis condition
Available raw water comprises running water and well water.When use be rich in the raw water of metal ion time, react the suppression by the hydroxide that is subject to being deposited on cathode surface or carbonate.On the anode surface, these oxides are silica deposits.In order to prevent these, provide reversing the current (1 ~ 60 minute) regularly, cathode plane is by acidifying thus, and anode surface is alkalized, and due to the gas flow of generation and the acceleration of feed current, removes sedimental reaction and more easily carry out.
As the current density increases, the current efficiency (current efficiency) about ozone will increase, but also will increase due to the decomposition that causes of heat produced.Suitable scope is preferably 0.05 ~ 5A/cm
2.Temperature is lower, and the current efficiency at electrode place is higher, and dissolubility is larger, but lower temperature will contribute to increasing electrolytic cell voltage.Preferred solution temperature is 5 ~ 30 DEG C.In order to strengthen ozone effect, the concentration of chlorion is preferably 3mM or less.
When using the mixing water of ozone and hydrogen peroxide, active oxygen tends to be generated by accelerating oxidation process.For this purpose, advise used in combination.In such a case, concentration rate (O
3: H
2o
2) be preferably 1: 0.1 ~ 1: 10.Hydrogen peroxide also can pass through electrosynthesis glyoxal.
Embodiment
Be below embodiments of the invention, but the present invention should not be confined to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1
As anode 7, use the niobium plate electrode (5cmx20cm) of perforation, be formed with conductive diamond above.As amberplex 9, insert Du Pont Nafion film (Du Pont's registration mark), and as negative electrode 8, use the titanium plate electrode (5cmx20cm) by electroplating prepared by 0.2 μm of platinum.Electrolytic cell is made up of anode chamber and cathode chamber, and anode chamber comprises 20 plate electrode membrane complex.Total electrode projected area is 0.2m
2.Each room to electrolytic cell provides the flow channel of gas and liquid.Water as raw material is supplied with the bottom of the flow velocity of 500 Liter Per Minutes from tank house.The electric current of supply is 25A/dm
2and the temperature in exit controls at 25 DEG C.The concentration of the Ozone Water of synthesis is 2ppm.Water is partly shifted and is carried out following test.Parasitic death confirms as follows, first studies parasitic motion by bore hole, then accurately studies with microscope, and if needed, check recovery in the seawater.
Gill (the Heterobothrium Okamotoi shifted out from the Japanese filefish that 15cm is long; height is 4 ~ 5mm) covered by organic material diaphragm; when contacting Ozone Water, this Gill becomes muddy, and confirms within one minute processing time dead.
When being in Gill and the gill self of parasitism on the gill with same Ozone Water process, confirm to produce effect in 10 minutes.
The Japanese filefish of Gill parasitism to be immersed in same Ozone Water 1 minute, and return in seawater.Filefish shows the diet absorption state that physical recovery is become reconciled.Afterwards, dissect filefish and check Gill.The Gill of survival do not detected.
Comparative example 1
During the Gill removed when the Japanese filefish long from 15cm used by aquae hydrogenii dioxidi (600ppm) Processing Example 1, need 5 minutes to Gill death.But, when being in Gill and the gill self of parasitism on the gill with same aquae hydrogenii dioxidi (600ppm), even if 20 minutes Gills also can not be dead.The Japanese filefish of these Gill parasitisms does not demonstrate physical recovery.When checking the Japanese filefish dissected, confirm the survival of Gill.
Embodiment mentioned above relates to the cultivation fish with pachydermia, and as Japanese filefish, but the present invention is not limited to this kind of cultivation fish, but can be applied to other cultivation fish.Further, the present invention can be applied to the ectoparasite except Gill and skin fluke.
Industrial applicibility
The present invention can be widely used in plant field, as the preventive means of the disease caused for the ectoparasite (comprising Gill and skin fluke) parasitizing cultivation fish, and for shortening the cultivation duration and increasing the output value.
The explanation of reference number
1: electrolytic ozone generator
2: dc source
3: raw material tank
4: electrolysis ozone tank
5: aquaculture tanks
6: ship
7: anode
8: negative electrode
9: amberplex
Claims (7)
1. drive away the method for the ectoparasite parasitizing cultivation fish, it is characterized in that, electrolytic ozone generator is arranged near plant, utilize this electrolytic ozone generator to be set to 3mM or less running water or well water by electrolysis as the chlorion of raw water, generate electrolysis ozone water; The electrolysis ozone water of generation is housed in electrolysis ozone tank; Cultivation fish is dropped in described electrolysis ozone tank to drive away the ectoparasite parasitizing cultivation fish; The concentration of electrolysis ozone water is located at the scope of 0.1 ~ 10ppm.
2. expeling according to claim 1 parasitizes the method for ectoparasite of cultivation fish, it is characterized in that, described in ectoparasite to be driven away be Gill or skin fluke.
3. expeling according to claim 1 parasitizes the method for the ectoparasite of cultivation fish, it is characterized in that, uses conductive diamond electrode as the electrode of electrolytic ozone generator.
4. expeling according to claim 1 parasitizes the method for the ectoparasite of cultivation fish, it is characterized in that, the temperature of the electrolysis ozone water in described electrolysis ozone tank is arranged on the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C; Processing time is located at the scope of 1 ~ 10 minute.
5. expeling according to claim 1 parasitizes the method for the ectoparasite of cultivation fish, and it is characterized in that, described electrolytic ozone generator is arranged at the plant on ship or near harbour; The electrolysis ozone water generated by electrolytic ozone generator is supplied to and is arranged on the electrolysis ozone tank that another is arranged in the region at the place place isolated with culturing area; And cultivation fish is placed in another region described to drive away parasitic ectoparasite.
6. expeling according to claim 1 parasitizes the method for the ectoparasite of cultivation fish, it is characterized in that, loads in electrolysis ozone tank by the electrolysis aquae hydrogenii dioxidi generated by electrolytic hydrogen peroxide generator; And by the ectoparasite using the mixing water of electrolysis ozone power and water solution aquae hydrogenii dioxidi to drive away cultivation fish.
7. the expeling any one of claim 1 ~ 6 parasitizes the method for the ectoparasite of cultivation fish, it is characterized in that, uses Japanese filefish as pending cultivation fish.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010099920A JP5221591B2 (en) | 2010-04-23 | 2010-04-23 | How to control ectoparasites that infest cultured fish |
| JP099920/10 | 2010-04-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102246712A CN102246712A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
| CN102246712B true CN102246712B (en) | 2015-07-15 |
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| CN201110102935.7A Expired - Fee Related CN102246712B (en) | 2010-04-23 | 2011-04-25 | Method of expelling ectoparasites parasitic on breeding fish |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5221591B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101628407B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102246712B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI472349B (en) |
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| CN105636433A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2016-06-01 | 日本水产株式会社 | Method for exterminating fish-external parasites using low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution |
| CN104351116A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-02-18 | 济南冷圣保温车厢有限公司 | Live fish and seafood container capable of being disinfected and sterilized |
| NO20161570A1 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-03-30 | Brage Innovation As | Chlorine trap for killing salmon lice parasites |
| CN106942097A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-07-14 | 饶平县腾跃食品有限公司 | It is a kind of to remove the device of lice and its except lice method for sweet fish |
| KR101981395B1 (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2019-05-24 | 주식회사 솔포투 | Natural feed additive composition and its preventive and therapeutic effect on Myxozoa |
| NO20190379A1 (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2020-09-22 | Mowi ASA | Treatment composition for a marine ectoparasite and a method for preparing the treatment composition |
| KR102010724B1 (en) | 2019-04-03 | 2019-08-14 | 주식회사 솔포투 | Natural feed additive composition and its preventive and therapeutic effect on Myxozoa |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2011229405A (en) | 2011-11-17 |
| TW201204417A (en) | 2012-02-01 |
| KR20110118590A (en) | 2011-10-31 |
| CN102246712A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
| KR101628407B1 (en) | 2016-06-08 |
| JP5221591B2 (en) | 2013-06-26 |
| TWI472349B (en) | 2015-02-11 |
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