CN102246712A - Method of expelling ectoparasites parasitic on breeding fish - Google Patents
Method of expelling ectoparasites parasitic on breeding fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN102246712A CN102246712A CN2011101029357A CN201110102935A CN102246712A CN 102246712 A CN102246712 A CN 102246712A CN 2011101029357 A CN2011101029357 A CN 2011101029357A CN 201110102935 A CN201110102935 A CN 201110102935A CN 102246712 A CN102246712 A CN 102246712A
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- ozone
- water
- ectoparasite
- fish
- electrolysis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
- A61L2/20—Gaseous substances, e.g. vapours
- A61L2/202—Ozone
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides a method for expelling ectoparasites, which is suitable for expelling ectoparasites parasitic on breeding fish. According to the method for expelling ectoparasites parasitic on breeding fish, an electrolysis type ozone generating device is arranged in the proximity of a culturing farm. Then raw material water is electrolyzed by the electrolysis type ozone generating device to generate ozone water and the electrolytic ozone water is stored in a electrolytic ozone water tank. Breeding fish are put in the electrolytic ozone water tank so as to expel the ectoparasites of the breeding fish.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to drive away ectoparasite of breed fish such as the method for Gill and skin fluke.
Background technology
Recently, the cultural technique of marine product and fish develops to some extent, and prime fish such as popular breed Pacific herring (yellow tail), flounder, porgy (red sea bream) and filefish are as culturing object.In plant,, must prevent the disease that causes by virus, pathogenic bacteria and ectoparasite in order to realize the shorter breed phase and to increase the output value.Yet from the May to the August, when water temperature is increased to when being fit to 22～27 ℃ of temperature ranges that ectoparasite infects, aquaculture equipment runs into the breed fish that dies off through regular meeting.Even these disease right and wrong are fatal, parsitism will cause culturing the weak and bad luck of ingesting of sashimi (raw fish) reason, and this will cause the loss of the output value.Because use the anti-algae agent of organotin type, the harm that parasite causes increases to some extent, this is because do not develop any effective expelling method according to reports.Though feed medicine (in-feed drug) treatment can be bought acquisition for culturing fish, the parasite that this treatment only is proved limited kinds is effective.Typical parasite is divided into two classes: skin fluke (skin fluke) (its epidermal tissue with host fish is a food) and Gill (its gill with host fish is a food).It below is parasitic method to the expeling aquaculture equipment of being discussed so far.
(1) fresh water bath method and concentrated brine bath method
Fresh water bath method and concentrated brine bath method are used the fresh water and the concentrated salt solution of preparation in oil carrier etc. respectively, thereby wherein fish are immersed a few minutes in described fresh water and the concentrated salt solution because the weak and death that comes off of variation parasite of osmotic pressure.These methods are preferred when not considering seawater pollution, though the fish body will be subjected to being different from the influence of the processing water salinity of seawater salinity, and handle water and must be transported to the plant that handles.
(2) chemical bath method
The chemical bath method is attempted by utilizing drug effect to drive away the parasite of fish body, and wherein medicine comprises sodium pyrophosphate peroxide (sodium pyrophosphate peroxide), SODIUM PERCARBONATE, disodium hydrogen phosphate peroxide (disodium phosphate peroxide), formalin and glacial acetic acid.Yet, medicine will to around seawater bring a lot of pollution problems.Following method is the chemical bath method of implementing to so far.
Patent documentation 1 disclose can be for example by using forulic acid and lactic acid to remove parasite on the fish that has infected the skin fluke.
Patent documentation 2 discloses can be by the parasitosis that administration parasite mortifier suppresses and ocean fish is cultured in prevention, and wherein the parasite mortifier has cocoa bean as composition of active components.
Patent documentation 3 discloses and can infect the method for disease-causing organism and parasitic fish by add δ-aminolevulinic acid salts for treating in feeding pond or tank.
Patent documentation 4 discloses and has used benzimidazole system medicine to be used as the parasitic expellent of the gill of Japanese filefish and the purposes of expelling method as active component.
Patent documentation 5 discloses by using stabilized chlorine dioxide, hypochlorite, organic carboxyl acid and hydrogen peroxide to infect the method for the treatment of and preventing at the Sukuchika of fish.Different with other parasitosis, the Sukuchika cilium infiltrates through in the fish body dearly, and it is not effective that this dipping is driven away.To forbidding the conventional formalin medicine that uses so far fully.
(3) hydrogen peroxide method
Below use the method for hydrogen peroxide to use conduct to the anti-parasitic-infectious expeling or the additive method of preventive means.
Patent documentation 9 attempts obtaining concentration 80～2000ppm by adding hydrogen peroxide, drive away the parasite of culturing fish and do not damage and culture fish in wide temperature range, and wherein Peracetic acid is as active component and be used for immersing in the processing of Treatment Solution of alkali neutralization culturing fish.
(4) additive method
As additive method, patent documentation 10 and 11 discloses the equipment that produces photocatalysis water, wherein photocatalysis water can be driven away microorganism, parasite and protozoa by the oxidation reaction of utilizing water, wherein by disperseing by the reactive oxygen species that obtains to photocatalysis material irradiation ultraviolet radiation to give the function of reactive oxygen species to the water that contains ion.
Yet,, need high-output power and this application not to be suitable for plant in order to kill parasite by ultraviolet ray.
Patent documentation 12 discloses the method that activates the fish immunity, specifically, activates the immunity of fish to fish parasite disease by fish vaccine, thereby suppresses to culture the lethality of fish because of parasitosis.Yet these still are in the research state and are less suitable.
(5) method of Ozone Water
Non-patent literature 1 has been put down in writing the dispel effect of ozone as the oxidant of the pathogenic microorganisms of fish.
The open Ozone Water of non-patent literature 2 are suitable for makes to raise water (husbandry water) means, when the concentration of this Ozone Water is to be effective when 0.3～0.5ppm and continuous action time being 5～10 minutes.Thereby the document also discloses the concentration of cultivating in the pond and must be decreased to one of percentage and avoid bromic acid to culturing the influence of fish, wherein bromic acid from seawater in the reaction carried out of bromide.
Non-patent literature 3 has been reported following example, and in this example, Ceratomyxa symptom and Myxosoma (genus Myxosoma) contagiosity parasitosis was prevented by using Ozone Water (0.3ppm) to handle in 5 minutes.Have in seawater in the situation of bromine radical ion, the bromine radical ion should preferably be removed in advance, because bromine radical ion and ozone reaction generate lasting and poisonous bromic acid ion.
Yet, in the conventional method of Ozone Water, still unknown to the expeling effect that is attached to fish with pachydermia such as the ectoparasite on the Japanese filefish (comprising Gill and skin fluke).
The Ozone Water of having dissolved ozone gas is listed in the food additives tabulation of US FDA, and it can be used as the authorized bactericidal agent (disinfectant) (calendar year 2001) that is used for food storage and preparation process.Ozone Water is widely used in the sterilization functions of food industry and food self.
The advantage of Ozone Water comprises:
(a) there is not the tolerance bacterium, because the dispel effect of ozone (by the OH free radical) is from oxidative damage and be indiscriminate.
(b) do not produce dangerous secondary metabolite, because ozone is decomposed into oxygen.
(c) perishability effect.
The performance of perishability effect is merits and demerits simultaneously.Remain in the solution if ozone gas is stable, application and effectiveness will greatly increase.
The ozone therapy method is applied to human body certain history, and is considered to effective methods of treatment.Recently, the application of ozone therapy on domestic animal and pet obtained progress, as is recorded in the non-patent literature 4.The nearest blood injecting ozone that studies show that activates human immune system.Can expect that ozone also has same effect for fish.
The common methods of preparation Ozone Water is by the discharge-type ozonized gas generator, and this method can prepare the Ozone Water that contains several ppm order of magnitude ozone.Application comprises that water treatment and food purify.Yet owing to following reason, the application of discharge-type ozonized gas generator is restricted.
(a) when dry air is used as raw material, will generate accessory substance NOx.Gas in order to obtain highly to concentrate needs pure oxygen to be used as raw material.
(b) two steps must be arranged: the dissolving in solution of the generation of ozone gas and ozone gas.
(c) compare with electrolytic method to be illustrated, be difficult to be dissolved in the solution owing to ozone concentration is low.
(d) since power supply (generation power source) takes place thus high voltage and high-frequency can not obtain small size, design closely.
(e) the discharge-type ozonated water generator needs the time to produce ability (stand-by time that needs a few minutes) to realize stable ozone gas.The Ozone Water for preparing constant density immediately is difficult.These reasons have shown that the discharge-type ozonized gas generator may not be suitable for plant, especially the plant of seashore.
Except charging method, electrolytic method also becomes known for preparing Ozone Water.This electrolytic method is not so good as charging method aspect unit energy consumption, but this electrolytic method has been widely used in special dimension as cleaning electronic component, because this electrolytic method has following feature: it can more easily obtain highly enriched ozone gas and Ozone Water.In principle, the electrolytic method that uses low-voltage dc power supply is making an immediate response and secure context is excellent, has than high expectation value in the application of undersized ozone gas and ozonated water generator.
In order to produce ozone gas effectively, must select appropriate catalyst and electrolyte.As electrode material, known material is noble metal such as platinum, α-brown lead oxide, β-brown lead oxide, the vitreous carbon that has mixed fluorocarbon and diamond for example.As electrolyte, used the aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and those fluoro-containing groups, but because operational inconvenience, they are not popularized.Yet the applying solid polymer dielectric is as barrier film and the water water electrolytic cell as raw material, as is recorded in the non-patent literature 5, is maneuverable and is widely used.When water electrolytic cell uses common catalyzer brown lead oxide, can obtain concentration up to 12 weight % or higher ozone gas.
For using solid polymer electrolyte as barrier film and the water water electrolytic cell as raw material, it is the active electrode of activated water (functional waters) (comprising Ozone Water) usefulness that patent documentation 13 discloses conductive diamond.
In addition, patent documentation 14 discloses a kind of method, in the method, thereby provides near the solution the electrode to make ozone propose gasification then from Ozone Water with suitable flow velocity.
Patent documentation 15 has proposed to be used to dissolve the compact spray device of the brine electrolysis of ozone, specifically, a kind of the brine electrolysis that obtains is injected into vaporific equipment.
Patent documentation 16 provides expeling and cleaning equipment, and wherein formed Ozone Water enters antibiotic washing in the pond, and wherein sterilization and deodorization realize by the expeling effect of combined ultrasonic effect and Ozone Water.
In addition, non-patent literature 6 has shown active research and the nano bubble of discussion or the practical application of micro air bubble.Nearest progress is recorded in " The Latest Technology of Microbubbles " book.
Patent documentation 17 and 18 discloses has gas such as oxygen possesses clean-up effect as nano bubble main component, ozoniferous or micro air bubble.Reported the norovirus (norovirus) that these technology are used for making the oyster body effectively.
In addition, described in non-patent literature 2, assessed the utilization of the chlorion resulting electrolytic functional water of electrolytic oxidation in plant.According to reports, be the pathogenic microorganisms that the electrolytic functional water treatment of 1ppm can be killed fish in 1 minute with concentration, and the feeding equipment can be the electrolytic functional water treatment of 5ppm carried out disinfection in 10～30 minutes (disinfect) with concentration.
Yet the effect of this method is unknown, and can not be reported to drive away and parasitize target of the present invention and culture the method that the ectoparasite of fish comprises Gill and skin fluke, and target of the present invention is cultured the Japanese filefish that fish for example has pachydermia.
[patent documentation]
[patent documentation 1] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.2006-77000
[patent documentation 2] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.2006-61107
[patent documentation 3] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.2001-316255
[patent documentation 4] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.2002-220308
[patent documentation 5] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.2008-44862
[patent documentation 6] Japan unexamined patent application discloses civilian 7-51028
[patent documentation 7] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.HEI6-46708
[patent documentation 8] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.2009-50215
[patent documentation 9] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.2000-128702
[patent documentation 10] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.2008-142647
[patent documentation 11] world discloses civilian No.2007/043592 brochure
[patent documentation 12] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.2008-148607
[patent documentation 13] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.HEI 9-268395
[patent documentation 14] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.HEI 8-134677
[patent documentation 15] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.2006-346203
[patent documentation 16] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.2004-357521
[patent documentation 17] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.2005-246293
[patent documentation 18] Japanese unexamined patent discloses civilian No.2009-226386
[non-patent literature]
[non-patent literature 1] YOSHIMIZU Mamoru, Ozone Yearbook, p401-409,1993-1994
[non-patent literature 2] Disinfection of fish pathogenic microorganism, Industrial water 523, p13-26,2002
[non-patent literature 3] National Salmon Resources Center, TechnicalInformation p169,2003
[non-patent literature 4] Japan Research Association for the Medical andHygienic Use of Ozone, Special Editionl, 1996
[non-patent literature 5] Japan Electrochemical Society, 132,367,1985
[non-patent literature 6] The Latest Technology of Microbubbles, NTS Inc., 2006
Summary of the invention
Technical problem
About the parasite expelling method, several different methods has been discussed as mentioned above, but wherein any method does not all solve described problem fully.The expelling method that is used to culture fish must satisfy following necessary condition:
(a) parasite, the particularly expeling of skin fluke and Gill must carry out in the time in short-term.
(b) can realize driving away on the spot and need not complicated preparation and storage and guarantee work safety.
(c) handling water can former state enter marine.
(d) preferably implement to drive away in the mode of the breed fish not being had ecology influence.Thereby effectively and operable approach be essentially to make the fishery worker to implement.
The objective of the invention is to solve the variety of issue that relates in the above-mentioned conventional method and provide effectively to drive away the ectoparasite expelling method of (comprising Gill and the skin fluke of culturing fish).
The method of dealing with problems
In the present invention, as first means of in attempting the realization above-mentioned purpose, dealing with problems, with electrolytic ozone generator be arranged on fish farm (fish farm) near, generate electrolysis ozone water (electrolytic ozone-dissolved water) by this electrolytic ozone generator via the electrolysis raw water; The electrolysis ozone water that generates is housed in the electrolysis ozone tank (electrolytic ozone-dissolved water tank); To culture fish drops in the described electrolysis ozone tank to drive away the ectoparasite (ectoparasite) that (disinfect) parasitizes the breed fish.
The second means of dealing with problems in the present invention, is to concentrate on Gill or the skin fluke of driving away in the ectoparasite.
The 3rd means of dealing with problems in the present invention, are to use the electrode of conductive diamond electrode as electrolytic ozone generator.
In the present invention, the 4th means of dealing with problems are the temperature of the electrolysis ozone water in the electrolysis ozone tank to be located at 20～28 ℃ scope; The concentration of electrolysis ozone water is made as the scope of 0.1～10ppm; To be made as 1～10 minute scope the processing time.
In the present invention, the 5th means of dealing with problems are to be supplied to the chlorion (chloride ion) of the raw water of electrolytic ozone generator to be made as 3mM or littler.
In the present invention, the 6th means of dealing with problems are near the plant that described electrolytic ozone generator is arranged on the ship or the harbour is; To be supplied to by the electrolysis ozone water that electrolytic ozone generator generates and be arranged on the electrolysis ozone tank that another is arranged in the residing zone, field that isolates with culturing area; And will culture fish and place described another zone to drive away parasitic ectoparasite.
In the present invention, the 7th means of dealing with problems are, will pack in the electrolysis ozone tank by the electrolysis aquae hydrogenii dioxidi that the electrolytic hydrogen peroxide generator generates; And drive away the ectoparasite of culturing fish by the mixing water that uses the electrolysis ozone power and water to separate aquae hydrogenii dioxidi.
In the present invention, the 8th means of dealing with problems are to use to have for example Japanese filefish of breed fish of pachydermia as pending breed fish.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
Following beneficial effect has obtained confirmation of the present invention.
(a) parasite, the particularly expeling of skin fluke and Gill can carry out in the time in short-term.
(b) work is safe and need not complicated preparation and the storage chemicals, because electrolysis ozone water is on-the-spot synthetic by energy and water.
(c) electrolysis ozone water resolves into harmless oxygen rapidly, and used processing water can former state enter marine.
(d) electrolysis ozone water is realized effectively driving away and is not had ecology influence to culturing fish.
In other words, the present invention drives away the ectoparasite that parasitizes the breed fish effectively by the straightforward procedure of using electrolysis ozone water, comprises Gill and skin fluke.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the used electrolytic ozone generator of the present invention.
The description of embodiment
Below be based on the explanation of the one embodiment of this invention of Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of driving away the method that parasitizes the ectoparasite (comprising Gill and skin fluke) of culturing fish by the present invention.The electrolysis ozone tank 4 of the Ozone Water that raw material tank 3 that Fig. 1 comprises electrolytic ozone generator 1, is used for the dc source 2 of electrolytic ozone generator, the water that supplies raw material is given electrolytic ozone generator and storage form by electrolytic ozone generator 1.Raw water is supplied to electrolytic ozone generator 1 from raw material tank 3, to dc source 2 power supplies.Then, the raw water of being supplied carries out electrolysis in electrolytic ozone generator 1, generates ozone gas.Ozone gas is dissolved in the electrolysis ozone water that formation has specific concentrations in the raw water, and this electrolysis ozone water is housed in the electrolysis ozone tank 4.
Then, will culture fish puts into electrolysis ozone tank 4 and keeps a special time period.Then, the ectoparasite of breed fish is purged in electrolysis ozone tank 4.As waiting that the candidate who drives away processing cultures fish, this class is cultured fishing gear pachydermia, and for example Japanese filefish is best suited for, and is Gill and skin fluke as the target of the ectoparasite of waiting to drive away processing.But the place of carrying out expelling method of the present invention is in the zone (compartment) that isolates near coastal culturing area with coastal culturing area.More specifically, electrolytic ozone generator 1, dc source 2, raw material tank 3 and electrolysis ozone tank 4 are arranged near the plant.
As the anode of electrolytic ozone generator 1, conductive diamond electrode is preferred.Compare with platinum electrode or lead dioxide electrode, the characteristics of conductive diamond electrode are the ozone production efficiency height, even be prevented from also keeping high activity when stopping, thereby realize fabulous multifunctionality.
Expeling in the electrolysis ozone tank 4 is carried out under following optimum condition: the temperature of the Ozone Water in the groove 4 is 20～28 ℃ scope, the concentration of Ozone Water (ozone-dissolved water) is in the scope of 0.1～10ppm, and the processing time was 1～10 minute scope.By Ozone Water being recycled to electrolytic ozone generator 1 or synthesizing ozone by the raw water with new supply, preferably the concentration with Ozone Water remains constant.By cooling unit is set, preferably remain the ozone temperature constant.When the temperature of Ozone Water is in this scope, it is active and breathe fully by the gill to culture fish swimming, and this has promoted to gill supply Ozone Water.
Surpass this temperature range, the concentration of dissolved oxygen reduces, and will form culturing the dangerous condition of fish.Ozone Water only shows effect in this concentration range.Surpass this scope, culture fish self and will suffer adverse effect, in addition, the growing amount of ozone gas will increase, and cause operation inconvenience.When the duration of handling with Ozone Water than this scope in short-term, will not have effect, and when the duration of handling with Ozone Water is grown than this scope, the breed fish will suffer adverse effect.
Thereby the chlorion concentration that is supplied to the raw water of electrolytic ozone generator 1 preferably is controlled to be 3mM or littler enhancing ozone effect.When chlorion added in the raw water be supplied to electrolytic ozone generator 1, it measured trace preferably, in the moment of driving away sea water mixing can take place because estimate.When the concentration of chlorion existence surpassed this scope, the ozone generating effect reduced, and can form the hypochlorite ion as an alternative.
In addition, can effectively drive away as follows: the electrolytic hydrogen peroxide generator be arranged on electrolytic ozone generator 1 near; To drop into by the electrolysis hydrogen peroxide that the electrolytic hydrogen peroxide generator generates in the electrolysis ozone tank 4; The mixing water of separating aquae hydrogenii dioxidi by the electrolysis ozone power and water is driven away the ectoparasite of the breed fish with pachydermia.
As mentioned above, when using the electrolysis ozone power and water to separate the mixing water of aquae hydrogenii dioxidi, the surface of parasite (parasite) is able to oxidation, parasitic normal vitality activity inhibited by these materials with by the formed reactive oxygen species of accelerating oxidation (advanced oxidation).Parasite leaves parasitic place, is considered to induce expeling.If used the mixing water of ozone and hydrogen peroxide, active oxygen tends to generate from the accelerating oxidation process.At this moment, ozone: the concentration ratio of hydrogen peroxide is preferably 1: 0.1～and 1: 10.If the accelerating oxidation process less than this scope, will can not take place in hydrogen peroxide.On the contrary, if hydrogen peroxide greater than this scope, then ozone decompose to be accelerated, and only causes the effect of hydrogen peroxide.
Fig. 2 shows another embodiment that expeling of the present invention parasitizes the method for the ectoparasite (comprising Gill and skin fluke) of culturing fish, wherein in aquaculture tanks (aquaculture preserve) 5 marineland that are arranged on away from seashore; Electrolytic ozone generator 1 is arranged on the ship 6; Electrolysis ozone tank 4 is provided with aboard ship or near the sea of ship 6.Electrolysis ozone tank 4 is arranged in another zone that isolates with aquaculture tanks 5; Ozone Water drops in the groove 4; Fish in the aquaculture tanks 5 is transported to this zone, handles then; Fish is again dropped in the aquaculture tanks 5.Being used for Ozone Water container synthetic or that carry can accept as processing region.Zone or container preferably are provided with has covering, thereby prevents that ozone gas from discharging from Ozone Water.The water volume in the zone that isolates with seawater is about 1～10m
3, depend on number and the weight of fish.Expelling method mentioned above should repeat repeatedly to obtain effective result.Aboard ship or in the fishing port, Ozone Water is synthetic in electrolytic cell, and wherein raw water always is supplied to described electrolytic cell from the container of filling raw water.
Hereinafter at length explained the example of the electrolytic ozone generator that the present invention is used.
(1) electrolytic ozone generator
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment in electrolysis ozone generator pond.In Fig. 3, the electrolysis ozone generator pond is separated into the anode chamber that contains anode 7 by amberplex 9 and contains the cathode chamber of negative electrode 8.Interelectrode gap is preferably 0.1～50mm.When the gap is narrower than this scope, when contact, tend to be short-circuited, when the gap is wideer than this scope, cell voltage will increase.More suitably be that interelectrode gap is 0.1～2mm.At each place, chamber, be provided with the import and the outlet of raw water.The synthetic Ozone Water of electrolysis can be housed in the electrode chamber, but more preferably, it is housed in the container of independent preparation.The groove material should be selected from the material of anti-brine electrolysis.Unless expect to have any particular problem, use the PE resin so usually.
(2) electrode reaction
According to the anode reaction in the electrolytic cell, continue to generate oxygen (oxygen) by the water of electrolysis, shown in following reaction equation: 2H as raw material supply
2O=O
2+ 4H
++ 4e
-Yet, depend on that catalyzer and electrolytic condition can generate ozone, shown in following reaction equation: 3H
2O=O
3+ 6H
++ 6e
-, can synthesize Ozone Water thus.
(3) anode material
The substrate material of anode 7 usefulness is limited to valve metal (valve metal), for example titanium and niobium and alloy thereof, and silicon.Catalyzer applicatory is platinum, diamond and brown lead oxide.Consider the controllability of doping to electrical conductivity, diamond is considered to promising electrode material.According to reports, the diamond electrode that water electrolysis reaction is inertia has also generated ozone and hydrogen peroxide except generating oxygen in oxidation reaction.Catalyzer can be the part of anode, makes the part of base material keep uncoated.Hereinafter explained typical hot filament CVD (hot filament CVD).Hydrocarbon gas, for example methane CH
4Or organic matter such as alcohol are supplied to the CVD chamber as carbon source with hydrogen.The CVD chamber is remained in the reducing atmosphere, heated filament is heated to 1800～2400 ℃, when this temperature, form carbon radicals.The electrode base material material is placed 750～950 ℃ temperature range, and diamond deposits when this temperature.Hydrocarbon gas is 0.1-10 volume % to the concentration of hydrogen, and pressure is 20-1013hPa (1 atmospheric pressure).
In order to obtain preferred electrical conductivity, be necessary to add together the element with different valences of trace with diamond.The preferred content of boron or phosphorus P is 1～100000ppm, more preferably 100～10000ppm.As starting material, use trimethyl borine (CH
3)
3B, but also preferably include boron oxide B
2O
3With phosphorus pentoxide P
2O
5, it has less toxicity.As electrode base material, these materials all are suitable for as particle, fiber, plate, perforated plate and bar.
(4) cathode material
Cathode reaction at negative electrode 8 places mainly is to generate hydrogen, and therefore, cathode catalyst material is anti-hydrogen embrittlement preferably, and for example these materials comprise platinum group metal, nickel, stainless steel, titanium, zirconium, gold, silver, carbon and diamond.The material of the cathode substrate of negative electrode 8 is limited to following material, comprises stainless steel, zirconium, carbon, nickel and titanium.The structural material of present device preferably has excellent non-oxidizability, because this equipment contact contains the water of dissolved ozone or peroxide.
(5) membrane material
In order to keep being in stable state, can use neutral barrier film or amberplex by the active substance that electrode reaction forms.For film type, available fluororesin or hydrocarbon resin, but with regard to anti-ozone or antiperoxide aspect, then more preferably fluororesin type.
Fig. 3 is to use the example of amberplex 9.Amberplex 9 prevents to be consumed at the opposite electrode place at the material of anode 7 and the formation of negative electrode 8 places.Because film also has the effect that promotes that electrolysis is carried out smoothly,, therefore hour be necessary to use film when the electrical conductivity of using raw material even also like this when liquid electric conductivity is very low.As material, preferred fluororesin or polyimide resin type.
(6) raw water and electrolysis condition
Available raw water comprises running water and well water.When the raw water of metal ion is rich in use, reaction will be subjected to being deposited on the hydroxide on the cathode surface or the inhibition of carbonate.On anode surface, these oxides are silica deposits.In order to prevent these, reversing the current (1～60 minute) is provided regularly, cathode plane is by acidifying thus, and anode surface is alkalized, and because the gas stream that generates and the acceleration of feed current, removes that sedimental reaction is easier to be carried out.
When current density increases, will increase about the current efficiency (current efficiency) of ozone, but since the decomposition that the heat that produces causes also will increase.Suitable scope is 0.05～5A/cm preferably
2Temperature is low more, and the current efficiency at electrode place is high more, and dissolubility is big more, but lower temperature will help to increase electrolytic cell voltage.Preferred solution temperature is 5～30 ℃.In order to strengthen the ozone effect, the concentration of chlorion is preferably 3mM or littler.
When using the mixing water of ozone and hydrogen peroxide, active oxygen tends to generate by the accelerating oxidation process.For this purpose, suggestion mixes use.In such a case, concentration rate (O
3: H
2O
2) be preferably 1: 0.1～1: 10.Hydrogen peroxide also can be synthetic by electrolysis.
Embodiment
Below be embodiments of the invention, yet the present invention should not be confined to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As anode 7, use the niobium system plate electrode (5cmx20cm) of perforation, be formed with conductive diamond in the above.As amberplex 9, insert Du Pont's system Nafion film (Du Pont's registration mark), and, use by electroplating the prepared titanium system plate electrode (5cmx20cm) of 0.2 μ m platinum as negative electrode 8.Electrolytic cell is made of anode chamber and cathode chamber, and the anode chamber comprises 20 plate electrode membrane complex.Total electrode projected area is 0.2m
2The flow channel of gas and liquid is provided to each chamber of electrolytic cell.Water as raw material is supplied from the bottom of tank house with the flow velocity of 500 Liter Per Minutes.The electric current of supply is 25A/dm
2And the temperature in exit is controlled at 25 ℃.The concentration of synthetic Ozone Water is 2ppm.Water is partly shifted and is carried out following test.Parasitic death confirms as follows, at first studies parasitic motion with bore hole, accurately studies with microscope then, and if needed, checks recovery in seawater.
(Heterobothrium Okamotoi, height 4～5mm) are covered by the organic material diaphragm Gill that shifts out from the long Japanese filefish of 15cm, and this Gill becomes muddy when the contact Ozone Water, and confirms in one minute processing time dead.
When the Gill that on the gill, is in parasitism with same Ozone Water processing and the gill self, confirm in 10 minutes, to produce effect.
The Japanese filefish of Gill parasitism was immersed in the same Ozone Water 1 minute, and returned in the seawater.Filefish has shown the diet absorption state that the body rehabilitation is become reconciled.Afterwards, dissect filefish and check Gill.Do not detect the Gill of survival.
Comparative Examples 1
When the Gill that from 15cm long Japanese filefish remove used, need 5 minutes to Gill is dead with aquae hydrogenii dioxidi (600ppm) Processing Example 1.Yet, when the Gill that is in parasitism on the gill with same aquae hydrogenii dioxidi (600ppm) and the gill self, even 20 minutes Gills can be not dead yet.The Japanese filefish of these Gill parasitisms does not demonstrate the body rehabilitation.When checking the Japanese filefish of dissecting, confirmed the survival of Gill.
Embodiment mentioned above relates to the breed fish with pachydermia, and as Japanese filefish, yet the present invention is not limited to this class and cultures fish, but can be applied to other breed fish.And the present invention can be applied to the ectoparasite except Gill and skin fluke.
Industrial applicibility
The present invention can be widely used in the plant field, as the preventive means of the disease that causes at the ectoparasite (comprising Gill and skin fluke) that parasitizes the breed fish, and is used for shortening the breed duration and increases the output value.
The explanation of reference number
1: electrolytic ozone generator
2: dc source
3: the raw material tank
4: the electrolysis ozone tank
5: aquaculture tanks
6: ship
7: anode
8: negative electrode
9: amberplex
Claims (8)
1. drive away the method parasitize the ectoparasite of culturing fish, it is characterized in that, with electrolytic ozone generator be arranged on plant near, utilize this electrolytic ozone generator by electrolysis raw water generation electrolysis ozone water; The electrolysis ozone water that generates is housed in the electrolysis ozone tank; Drop into the ectoparasite that parasitizes the breed fish in the described electrolysis ozone tank with expeling with culturing fish.
2. parasitize the method for the ectoparasite of culturing fish according to the expeling of claim 1, it is characterized in that ectoparasite described to be driven away is Gill or skin fluke.
3. parasitize the method for the ectoparasite of culturing fish according to the expeling of claim 1, it is characterized in that, use the electrode of conductive diamond electrode as electrolytic ozone generator.
4. parasitize the method for the ectoparasite of culturing fish according to the expeling of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the temperature of the electrolysis ozone water in the described electrolysis ozone tank is arranged on 20～28 ℃ scope; The concentration of electrolysis ozone water is located at the scope of 0.1～10ppm; Processing time is located at 1～10 minute scope.
5. parasitize the method for the ectoparasite of culturing fish according to the expeling of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the chlorion that is supplied to the raw water of electrolytic ozone generator is made as 3mM or still less.
6. parasitize the method for the ectoparasite of culturing fish according to the expeling of claim 1, it is characterized in that, near the plant that described electrolytic ozone generator is arranged on the ship or the harbour is; To be supplied to by the electrolysis ozone water that electrolytic ozone generator generates and be arranged on the electrolysis ozone tank that another is arranged in the residing zone, field that isolates with culturing area; And will culture fish and place described another zone to drive away parasitic ectoparasite.
7. parasitize the method for the ectoparasite of culturing fish according to the expeling of claim 1, it is characterized in that, will pack in the electrolysis ozone tank by the electrolysis aquae hydrogenii dioxidi that the electrolytic hydrogen peroxide generator generates; And drive away the ectoparasite of culturing fish by the mixing water that uses the electrolysis ozone power and water to separate aquae hydrogenii dioxidi.
8. parasitize the method for the ectoparasite of culturing fish according to each expeling in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that, use to have for example Japanese filefish of breed fish of pachydermia as pending breed fish.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010099920A JP5221591B2 (en) | 2010-04-23 | 2010-04-23 | How to control ectoparasites that infest cultured fish |
| JP099920/10 | 2010-04-23 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102246712A true CN102246712A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
| CN102246712B CN102246712B (en) | 2015-07-15 |
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| CN201110102935.7A Expired - Fee Related CN102246712B (en) | 2010-04-23 | 2011-04-25 | Method of expelling ectoparasites parasitic on breeding fish |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5221591B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101628407B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102246712B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI472349B (en) |
Cited By (3)
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| CN105636433A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2016-06-01 | 日本水产株式会社 | Method for exterminating fish-external parasites using low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution |
| CN106942097A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-07-14 | 饶平县腾跃食品有限公司 | It is a kind of to remove the device of lice and its except lice method for sweet fish |
| WO2020190151A1 (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2020-09-24 | Mowi ASA | Treatment composition for a marine ectoparasite and a method for preparing the treatment composition |
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| CN104351116A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-02-18 | 济南冷圣保温车厢有限公司 | Live fish and seafood container capable of being disinfected and sterilized |
| NO20161570A1 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-03-30 | Brage Innovation As | Chlorine trap for killing salmon lice parasites |
| KR101981395B1 (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2019-05-24 | 주식회사 솔포투 | Natural feed additive composition and its preventive and therapeutic effect on Myxozoa |
| KR102010724B1 (en) | 2019-04-03 | 2019-08-14 | 주식회사 솔포투 | Natural feed additive composition and its preventive and therapeutic effect on Myxozoa |
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| WO2020190151A1 (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2020-09-24 | Mowi ASA | Treatment composition for a marine ectoparasite and a method for preparing the treatment composition |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20110118590A (en) | 2011-10-31 |
| CN102246712B (en) | 2015-07-15 |
| TWI472349B (en) | 2015-02-11 |
| JP2011229405A (en) | 2011-11-17 |
| KR101628407B1 (en) | 2016-06-08 |
| TW201204417A (en) | 2012-02-01 |
| JP5221591B2 (en) | 2013-06-26 |
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