CN102242513A - Method for independently separating and recovering plant cellulose from potato residues - Google Patents
Method for independently separating and recovering plant cellulose from potato residues Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for independently separating and recovering plant cellulose from potato residues, which is characterized in that a biochemical method is adopted to selectively separate or liquefy a large amount of solid starch, hemi-cellulose, pectin and the like that are remained in the potato residues; the starch, the hemi-cellulose, the pectin and the like are distinguished from non-soluble plant cellulose in physical form; and the starch that is liquefied into dextrin as well as the degraded hemi-cellulose and pectin are separated through simple filtering operation; and the non-soluble plant cellulose is independently recovered as modified cellulose raw material. The method is convenient in operation and easy to realize industrialization production and has simple steps, low cost and high efficiency; the pollution of waste potato residues to the environment can be reduced, and the plant cellulose in the potato residues can be recycled, therefore, economic benefits can be increased, and two aims can be achieved at the same time.
Description
Technical field: the independent separation that the present invention relates to water-insoluble plant cellulose in the discarded potato slag is recycled, and employed technical method relates to technological field of biochemistry.
Background technology: the potato slag that the present invention mentioned is meant the screenings that emits from starch industry production processes such as potato, cassava.The potato slag is that a kind of main component is the discarded object of remaining starch granules, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, albumen, water, cell fragment.In recent years, domestic starch processing industry develops rapidly, and the big-and-middle-sized starch factory of China is more than 700 at present, produces 1300000 tons of starch per year, discharges potato slag about 400,000 tons (butts) altogether.Bright potato slag moisture height should not store, transport, because of its protein content is low, and the crude fiber content height, palatability is poor, dries or directly low as feed nutrition, and animal is not liked to eat yet.If oven dry is handled, the energy consumption height.Concentrate owing to produce season, a large amount of potato slag mucks is long-pending, if untimely processing, occupied ground and the corrupt easily stench that produces had both influenced utilization ratio of raw materials, had caused environmental pollution again.If the potato slag is used, both can make full use of natural resources, increase economic benefit, can reduce environmental pollution again, kill two birds with one stone.
Utilization for the potato slag, domestic and international many scholars have done many-sided trial, comprising producing enzyme with the potato slag, produce alcohol, feed, protein feed, degradation plastic, making calcium citrate, produce maltose, extract low-ester pectin, making vinegar, soy sauce, liquor, preparation dietary fiber or the like.The difficult problem that the potato slag is recycled is effective separation of potato slag ingredient.Materials such as remaining starch granules, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, albumen, cell fragment all are solid matters in the potato slag, mix fully, can't separate with the general physical manufacturing process.No matter be to produce modified cellulose, still utilize products such as potato slag preparing alcohol, fiber feedstuff, protein feed, degradation plastic, citric acid, all have the interference of a large amount of invalid components inevitably, increase the difficulty of PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, influence product quality.The resource that mixes fully can't efficiently be utilized.
So effective separation of potato slag ingredient is the basis that potato slag resource high-efficiency is recycled.
Summary of the invention: the present invention aims to provide a kind of method that reclaims plant cellulose of separating separately from the potato slag, this method can be separated recovery separately with the water-insoluble plant cellulose resource in the potato slag, produces the difficult problem of pollution again thereby solve the long-pending occupied ground of a large amount of potato slag mucks that produce in the starch production process; One of subsequent technology application approach that separates the recovery plant cellulose separately is the modified cellulose series of products of using on the process industry.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is optionally decomposed a large amount of solid starch residual in the potato slag, hemicellulose, pectin etc. or is liquefied with biochemical method, on physical aspect, starch, hemicellulose, pectin etc. are made a distinction with water insoluble cellulosic, to liquefy by simple filtering operation and to separate, reclaim water-insoluble plant cellulose separately for the starch of dextrin and hemicellulose, the pectin of having degraded.Its processing step is:
All be collected in the container the fresh potato dreg slurry of discharging on the Starch Production line, in fresh potato dreg slurry, add acid, alkali adjustment pH value, handle with pectase earlier, make macromolecular chain fractures such as pectin to suitable scope, glue impurity complex structure is loose, thereby discharges cellulose and starch; Adjust the pH value once more, add the amylase of ormal weight in the slurries, then with slurries by the rapid heating atomization of pressure injection device, in the temperature and time scope of stipulating, carry out the liquefaction reaction first time.Screenings through liquefaction for the first time reduces temperature, proceeds liquefaction reaction for the second time in the temperature and time scope of regulation.By filtering screenings is carried out Separation of Solid and Liquid, further remove solable matter with the hot wash filter residue at last, the filter residue that obtains is water-insoluble plant cellulose through oven dry.
In technique scheme, except containing fiber and starch, also comprise big molecule such as pectin, hemicellulose, lignin in the fresh potato dreg slurry, form the network system each other, connect with the covalent bond form.Below be the measured data of manioc waste composition:
Cassava screenings main component actual detected result (dry calculating)
The existence of macromolecular substances such as pectin, hemicellulose, lignin not only influences the quality of recycled fiber, and the fiber separation operation of back is produced material impact, causes the rate of filtration very slow, the moisture content height of fiber, and the dry run power consumption obviously increases.So, separate the fiber of recycling in the fresh potato dreg slurry separately, must remove big molecule such as pectin, hemicellulose, lignin.Degumming tech in the past is many based on chemical Degumming, for example adds alkali heating hydrolysis etc.The chemical Degumming effect is comparatively strong, and fiber is caused certain damage.The chroma in waste water that produces behind the chemical Degumming is dark, alkalescence is strong (pH value is above 12), organic principle complexity and content height, variation water quality are big, is a kind of more unmanageable organic wastewater.The present invention adopts the method for pectase biological treatment.Pectase is the general name of the plurality of enzymes of energy decompose pectin, comprises various ingredients such as pectinesterase, polygalacturonase, lyases, protopectinase in the pectase, extensively is present in the fruit and microorganism of plant.The pectase of commercial Application is all from microorganism at present.After handling fresh potato dreg slurry with pectase, can make macromolecular chain fractures such as pectin, glue impurity complex structure is loose, thereby discharges cellulose.
Cellulose and starch in the potato slag mix, owing to be polymeric carbohydrate all, molecular structure is similar, and molecular weight is close, are difficult to separate.The present invention takes the enzymolysis of fire resistant alpha-diastase and the mode of steam ejection liquefaction, sharply heat up by high pressure nozzle and to break through the gelatinization point district of starch and to make starch and the fiber height dispersion, starch dissociates out from the parcel of fiber, enzyme digestion reaction takes place under diastatic effect become liquefied starch.In order to prevent that non-soluble fiber from changing water-soluble fibre in high temperature and certain pressure lower part and run off, the enzymolysis of potato slag carries out at twice, in 105 ℃ and following short time of 0.15MPa, carried out the liquefaction reaction first time before this, reduce the temperature to the liquefaction reaction second time of proceeding the long period under 95 ℃ and the normal pressure then, guarantee that starch is liquefied fully and avoids the hydrolysis of water-insoluble plant cellulose as far as possible.
After compositions such as starch, hemicellulose, pectin are separated by liquefaction, through hot wash soluble inorganic salts are dispeled, reduce the ash index of non-soluble fiber.
Advantage of the present invention is easy to operate, and step is simple, and cost is low, and the efficient height is realized suitability for industrialized production easily, both can reduce the pollution of discarded potato slag to environment, fiber recovery wherein can be increased economic efficiency again, kills two birds with one stone.
What the present invention obtained after screenings separates is plant cellulose.
One of subsequent applications approach is to make modified cellulose product, for example sodium carboxymethylcellulose CMC.CMC is normally by a kind of anionic macromolecular compound that makes after native cellulose and caustic alkali and the monochloroacetic acid reaction, molecular weight 6400 (± 1000).CMC belongs to the native cellulose modified product.CMC is not only good emulsifying stabilizing agent, thickener in food applications, and has the excellent stability of freezing, melt, and can improve the local flavor of product, prolongation storage time.Consumption in soymilk, ice cream, ice cream, jelly, beverage, can is about 1%～1.5%.CMC also can form the emulsified dispersed liquid of stable performance with vinegar, soy sauce, vegetable oil, fruit juice, gravy, vegetable juice etc.Emulsifiability to animal and vegetable oil, protein and the aqueous solution is very excellent, can make it form the even matter emulsion of stable performance.Safe and reliable because of it, so its consumption is not limited by national food hygienic standard ADI.The research of using sodium carboxymethylcellulose in Production of Wine is also carried out.CMC is at the emulsion stabilizer that can make injection in medical industry, the binding agent of tablet and film forming agent.CMC can be used as anti-soil dirt deposition agent again in washing agent, especially to the anti-soil dirt of hydrophobic synthetic fabrics deposition effect again, obviously be better than carboxymethyl cellulose.CMC can be used for protecting oil well as mud stabilizing agent, water retention agent in oil drilling.CMC is used as thickener, printing in textiles and the hard finishing of sizing agent, printing paste in textile industry.CMC can be used as anti-settling agent, emulsifying agent, dispersant, levelling agent, the adhesive of coating, and solid part of coating is distributed in the solvent equably, makes coating not stratified for a long time, also is widely used in the paint.CMC as flocculant remove aspect the calcium ion more effective than gluconic acid sodium salt.CMC as the paper sizing agent, can obviously improve dry strength and wet strength and oil resistivity, absorbency and the WATER RESISTANCE of paper at paper industry.CMC as the hydrosol, is used as thickener in toothpaste in cosmetics.
Two of subsequent applications approach is to produce dietary fiber.Dietary fiber is the general dietary nutrient that quilt is digested that is difficult for, and mainly comes from the cell membrane of plant, comprises cellulose, hemicellulose, resin, pectin and lignin etc.Dietary fiber is that health diet is indispensable, and fiber is keeping playing the part of important role on the digestive system health.Absorbing enough fibers can angiocardiopathy preventing, cancer, diabetes and other disease.Fiber can clean wall of digestive and strengthen digestive function, and fiber can dilute and quicken simultaneously removing of carcinogen in the food and noxious material, the alimentary canal that protection is fragile and prevent colon cancer.Fiber can slow down digestion rate and rapid drainage cholesterol, so can allow blood sugar and cholesterol in the blood be controlled at desirable level.
What the present invention obtained after screenings separates is string, can further carry out modification, improves its retentiveness, holds oiliness, dispels ash and beavy metal impurity, can become dietary fiber.
The specific embodiment: the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Get the potato pulp on the production line, surveying its dry matter content is 11.22%, and content of starch is 51.62% in the dried component, and non-water soluble fiber content is 36.94%, pectin 5.36%.Use the 1220.5g potato pulp, adding watery hydrochloric acid adjusting pH is 4, adds pectase preparation 1.4g and (accounts for 1% of dry, mass ratio.), be heated to 35 ℃, insulated and stirred 6 hours.Adding dilute alkali then and regulating pH is 5.5, and the high temperature resistant α-Dian Fenmei that adds the production of 0.05g Novozymes Company (accounts for 0.7 ‰ of content of starch, mass ratio.), stir 0.5h.With being pumped into injector, simultaneously with Steam Heating to 105 ℃, in the pipeline of band minute-pressure, kept 5 minutes, change in the non-pressure vessel then.Material stopped in container 80 minutes, and temperature remains on about 98 ℃.Squeeze into filter press through the slurry that obtains after the above-mentioned processing with pump, filter, filter residue moves into the container that band stirs, and uses 80 ℃ of hot wash 10min of 3 times of amounts again.Refilter, filter residue is pulverized 70 ℃ of oven dry down, gets fiber 54.1g, and calculating yield according to the raw material dry is 39.52%.The main component of product is that starch accounts for 5.1% in the dry, and water insoluble cellulosic accounts for 85.7%, and pectin accounts for 1.92%.
Embodiment 2
Get the manioc waste of new discharge in slag bath, surveying its dry matter content is 13.35%, and content of starch is 36.70% in the dried component, and non-water soluble fiber content is 27.94%, pectin, lignin 6.29%.Do raw material with the 1000g manioc waste, adding watery hydrochloric acid adjusting pH is 4.2, adds pectase preparation 1.3g and (accounts for 0.95% of dry equal size, mass ratio.), under 30 ℃ of room temperatures, stirred 8 hours.Adding dilute alkali then and regulating pH is 5.0, and the high temperature resistant α-Dian Fenmei that adds the production of 0.03g Novozymes Company (accounts for 0.6 ‰ of content of starch, mass ratio.), stir 0.5h.With being pumped into injector, simultaneously with Steam Heating to 109 ℃, in the pipeline of band minute-pressure, kept 7 minutes, change in the non-pressure vessel then.Material stopped in container 120 minutes, and temperature remains on about 96 ℃.Squeeze into filter press through the slurry that obtains after the above-mentioned processing with pump, filter, filter residue is used 75 ℃ of hot wash 10min of 3 times of amounts again.Refilter, filter residue is pulverized 70 ℃ of oven dry down, obtains the plain 37.9g of recycled fiber, and calculating yield according to the raw material dry is 28.4%.The testing result of product is that non-soluble fiber accounts for 87.3% in the dry, and starch accounts for 3.84%, and pectin accounts for 1.35%.
Embodiment 3
Dry with daylight on the cement flooring on the flat beach of cassava mirror slag of Pai Chuing in process of production.The dry matter content that sampling records the dried slag of cassava is 83.25%, and content of starch is 37.50% in the dried component, and non-water soluble fiber content is 26.85%, pectin 4.78%.Do raw material with the dried slag of 500g cassava, add 5000g running water furnishing slurries.Adding watery hydrochloric acid adjusting pH is 4.4, adds pectase preparation 4.2g and (accounts for 1% of dry equal size, mass ratio.), under 33 ℃ of room temperatures, stirred 10 hours.Adding dilute alkali then and regulating pH is 5.3, and the high temperature resistant α-Dian Fenmei that adds the production of 0.08g Novozymes Company (accounts for 0.5 ‰ of content of starch, mass ratio.), stir 0.5h.With being pumped into injector, with Steam Heating to 106 ℃～108 ℃, in the pipeline of band minute-pressure, kept 8 minutes simultaneously, change in the non-pressure vessel then.Material stopped in container 150 minutes, and temperature remains on about 95 ℃.Squeeze into filter press through the slurry that obtains after the above-mentioned processing with pump, filter, filter residue is used 75 ℃ of hot wash 10min of 3 times of amounts again.Refilter, filter residue is pulverized 70 ℃ of oven dry down, obtains the plain 138.5g of recycled fiber, and calculating yield according to the raw material dry is 33.3%.The testing result of product is that non-soluble fiber accounts for 89.5% in the dry, and starch accounts for 2.75%, and pectin accounts for 1.2%.
Claims (7)
1. one kind is separated the method that reclaims plant cellulose separately from the potato slag, it is characterized in that optionally a large amount of solid starch residual in the potato slag, hemicellulose, pectin etc. being decomposed or liquefying with biochemical method, on physical aspect, starch, hemicellulose, pectin etc. are made a distinction with water-insoluble plant cellulose, to liquefy by simple filtering operation and to separate, reclaim water-insoluble plant cellulose separately for the starch of dextrin and hemicellulose, the pectin of having degraded; Technological operation comprises the steps:
A. the fresh potato dreg slurry of discharging on the production line is put into acid-resistant reacting kettle;
B. add watery hydrochloric acid in the fresh potato dreg slurry and adjust pH value, the pectase of adding ormal weight adds thermal agitation and carries out enzyme digestion reaction in the fresh potato dreg slurry;
C. adding dilute alkali readjusts the pH value, adds amylase, and slurries carry out the liquefaction reaction first time by the atomizing of pressure injection device in set point of temperature and time range;
D. the screenings through liquefaction for the first time reduces temperature, proceeds liquefaction reaction for the second time in set point of temperature and time range;
E. by filtering screenings is carried out Separation of Solid and Liquid, filter residue washs with hot-water soak, once more screenings is carried out Separation of Solid and Liquid;
F. the filter residue of gained is dried at a certain temperature, promptly gets water-insoluble plant cellulose.
2. the method that reclaims plant cellulose of separating separately from the potato slag according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: among the described step a, fresh potato cinder ladle is drawn together potato class plant slags such as manioc waste, potato residues, sweet potato waste.
3. the method that reclaims plant cellulose of from the potato slag, separating separately according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: among the described step b, the pH value of adjusting fresh potato dreg slurry is between 4.0～4.5, used enzyme is common pectase, and the consumption of enzyme is the 0.5%-1.5% of contained dry biomass in the potato slag; Reaction time is 4～10 hours, and reaction temperature is 30 ℃～35 ℃.
4. the method that reclaims plant cellulose of from the potato slag, separating separately according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: among the described step c, adjust the pH value between 5.0～6.0, used enzyme is high temperature resistant α-Dian Fenmei, the consumption of enzyme be in the potato slag starch contained therein quality 0.5 ‰-1 ‰; Heating-up temperature is 100 ℃-109 ℃, and the reaction time is 1～10 minute.
5. the method that reclaims plant cellulose of separating separately from the potato slag according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described steps d, temperature is 95 ℃-100 ℃, and the reaction time is 1～3 hour.
6. the method that reclaims plant cellulose of from the potato slag, separating separately according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: among the described step e, employed screenings solid-liquid separating method is pressure filtration, the hot water temperature is 70 ℃-75 ℃, the hot water consumption is 3 times of filter residue volume, and the processing time is 10～30 minutes.
7. the method that reclaims plant cellulose of separating separately from the potato slag according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: among the described step f, baking temperature is below 70 ℃.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103144180A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2013-06-12 | 南京元凯生物能源环保工程有限公司 | Method for manufacturing plywood and plastic-wood composite with manioc waste |
| CN103210985A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-07-24 | 湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所 | Method for producing sweet potato residue biscuits |
| CN103657144A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-03-26 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Method for separating unimolecular cellulose |
| CN104223125A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2014-12-24 | 江南大学 | Method for preparing DF (Dietary Fiber) of potato pulp |
| CN108440798A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-24 | 常州市蒽盗钟情生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of fruit freshness preserving film |
| CN109024035A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-18 | 广西驰胜农业科技有限公司 | A method of extracting cellulose from manioc waste |
| CN111636203A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-08 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Method for preparing bio-based textile slurry from waste potato residues |
| CN116268240A (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2023-06-23 | 浙江省柑橘研究所 | Stable-state orange-potato beverage based on endogenous gum and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101240310A (en) * | 2008-01-24 | 2008-08-13 | 连喜军 | Technique for preparing resistant starch from enzyme method hydrolysis sweet potato slag |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103144180A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2013-06-12 | 南京元凯生物能源环保工程有限公司 | Method for manufacturing plywood and plastic-wood composite with manioc waste |
| CN103210985A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-07-24 | 湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所 | Method for producing sweet potato residue biscuits |
| CN103657144A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-03-26 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Method for separating unimolecular cellulose |
| CN104223125A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2014-12-24 | 江南大学 | Method for preparing DF (Dietary Fiber) of potato pulp |
| CN108440798A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-24 | 常州市蒽盗钟情生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of fruit freshness preserving film |
| CN109024035A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-18 | 广西驰胜农业科技有限公司 | A method of extracting cellulose from manioc waste |
| CN111636203A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-08 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Method for preparing bio-based textile slurry from waste potato residues |
| CN116268240A (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2023-06-23 | 浙江省柑橘研究所 | Stable-state orange-potato beverage based on endogenous gum and preparation method thereof |
| CN116268240B (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2024-03-12 | 浙江省柑橘研究所 | Stable-state orange-potato beverage based on endogenous gum and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20111116 |