CN102225787A - Composite solar seawater desalination device and method - Google Patents
Composite solar seawater desalination device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102225787A CN102225787A CN2011101275633A CN201110127563A CN102225787A CN 102225787 A CN102225787 A CN 102225787A CN 2011101275633 A CN2011101275633 A CN 2011101275633A CN 201110127563 A CN201110127563 A CN 201110127563A CN 102225787 A CN102225787 A CN 102225787A
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite solar seawater desalination device and method. The device body is composed of a water storage tank, a solar flat-plate heat collector, a liquid distribution tank, a condensation evaporation tube, a guiding plate, a heating side, a compound parabolic concentrating heat collector, a normal-temperature evaporator, a fresh water tank and a heat storage water tank. According to the invention, in the process of seawater desalination, the flat-plate heat collector and the compound parabolic concentrating heat collector are used for absorbing solar energy to perform falling film and thin film evaporation of seawater, and finally steam is collected condensed to obtain fresh water. latent heat emitted during the steam condensation process is used for generating indirect steam or increasing seawater temperature, so as to achieve multi-effect utilization of solar energy. The invention has the advantages of no need for auxiliary electrical equipment, quick start-up and high water production rate, and is especially suitable for islands, ships and remote areas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of combined solar energy sea water desalinating plant and method, belong to the technical field of solar seawater desalination.
Background technology
The ocean covers 71% of earth surface-area, and the seawater reserves are about 13.7 hundred million cubes of kms, account for 95% of global Total Water; Land fresh water reserves are about 0.35 hundred million cube of km, account for 2.53% of global water reserves, wherein can only account for 0.266% of fresh water reserves, 7/100000ths of the total moisture storage capacity of the not enough earth for the human fresh water that directly utilizes.China's seashore line length, all there are serious shortage of fresh water problem in a lot of island, coastal and landlocked brackish water area.Therefore, the development desalination technology to alleviate current shortage of fresh water, the imbalance between supply and demand distinct issues have far-reaching strategic importance.
Sea water desaltination is exactly that the salinity in the seawater (or brackish water) is separated with moisture, finally obtains fresh water and concentrated brinish process.The most frequently used technology of seawater (or brackish water) desalination mainly contains multiple-effect distillation, multistage flash evaporation method, reverse osmosis method, extraction process and electroosmose process.
Multiple-effect distillation is seawater to be added thermal distillation produce steam, and steam produces fresh water and emits latent heat in the process of condensation, and fresh water flows into fresh-water pool, and latent heat is used for heating next seawater of imitating and produces steam, carries out the multiple-effect utilization according to this, reduces heat energy consumption.This process also needs certain driven by power water pump of additive decrementation and blower fan except consuming heat energy.
The multistage flash evaporation method is that the seawater that is heated to certain temperature is introduced the flashing chamber that several pressure reduce gradually successively, because the pressure of flashing chamber is lower than the saturated vapour pressure of seawater temperature correspondence, seawater is vaporized rapidly after entering flashing chamber step by step, salt concentration increases step by step, and temperature reduces step by step, because heat is from the decline of salt water self-temperature, there is not special hot face, avoided inorganic salt to separate out fouling,, obtained fresh water behind the vapor condensations at different levels until discharge.This process also need consume a large amount of driven by power vacuum pumps and water pump except consuming heat energy.
Reverse osmosis method is to utilize reverse osmosis membrane that seawater and fresh water are separated, and applies enough big pressure (surpassing penetration of sea water presses) in the seawater side, and dilute side is arrived in the water molecules reverse osmosis in the seawater.This method does not consume heat energy, produces enough big external pressure but need to consume a large amount of electric power, and is very high to the requirement of reverse osmosis membrane in addition yet.
Electroosmose process is a power with the potential difference, utilizes the selective permeation of ion-exchange membrane and removes the desalination process of water intermediate ion.Electrodeionization combines dialysis with ion-exchange, fill ion-exchanger in the freshwater room of electrodialyzer, under the effect of DC electric field, realizes electrodialysis, ion-exchange demineralization and ion-exchange continuous electric regenerated process.Electrodeionization is not used in brackish water desalination, is mainly used in the production high purity water.This method does not consume heat energy, but needs to introduce electric power.
Cold method is that seawater is freezing to below freezing, and fresh water freezes, separates, melts is the process of fresh water.Cold method is utilized natural ice method and artificial cold method.But technology is still immature.
Traditional desalination technology investment is high, and energy expenditure is big, according to statistics, produces the device of 1,300 ten thousand tons of desalination waters every day, annual 1.3 hundred million tons of the consumption crude oil that need.Remove outside the expense of this fuel, problems such as the Greenhouse effect that bring thus, atmospheric pollution also can not be ignored.With regard to China, regional electric power famines such as northwest remote village, desert, isolated island can not be set up traditional seawater (or brackish water) desalting equipment.Solar seawater desalination fresh water technology is the effective way that solves these regional shortage of fresh water problems, has a extensive future.
Present desalination with Solar Energy, usually solar energy heating and sea water by distillation desalination are integrated in one, running maintenance is simple, but the plant area area is big, start slowly, the unit surface water production rate is low, is subjected to area and weather influence very big, average daily output fresh water amount is lower, has seriously restricted its The Application of Technology and popularization.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing desalination with Solar Energy, the combined solar energy sea water desalinating plant and the method that provide a kind of and need not auxiliary electrical equipment, start rapidly, producing water ratio are high.
The combined solar energy sea water desalinating plant comprises water escape valve, heat storage water tank, steam distribution case, condensation evaporation pipe, cloth liquid case, plate solar collector, first water drain valve, second water drain valve, water tank, constant-temperature evaporation device, the first fresh water valve, water intaking valve, fresh-water tank, the second fresh water valve, water discharge valve, compound parabolic concentrator collector, director; The constant-temperature evaporation device comprises fresh water receiving tank, hydrophilic fibers, and fresh-water tank comprises vapour stream through hole, condensation transverse slat, second ventilating pit, the perpendicular wall of condensation, and the steam distribution case comprises flow deflector, first ventilating pit, hot face; Water tank, first water drain valve, flat plate collector, cloth liquid case links to each other in turn, water tank links to each other with the external world through second water drain valve, cloth liquid case bottom is provided with liquid distributing hole, cloth liquid case below is provided with the condensation evaporation pipe, condensation evaporation pipe lateral arrangement, obliquity is arranged, the condensation evaporation pipe is high-end to link to each other with the steam distribution case, condensation evaporation pipe low side links to each other with fresh-water tank, the steam distribution case links to each other with heat storage water tank through director, the hot face below is provided with compound parabolic concentrator collector, be perpendicular wall of condensation and condensation transverse slat between fresh-water tank and the constant-temperature evaporation device, constant-temperature evaporation device bottom is provided with water discharge valve, constant-temperature evaporation device middle and upper part is provided with water intaking valve, and constant-temperature evaporation device end face low side is provided with the first fresh water valve, and the constant-temperature evaporation device is respectively through the first fresh water valve, water intaking valve, water discharge valve links to each other with the external world, fresh-water tank links to each other with the external world through the second fresh water valve of bottom, and heat storage water tank links to each other with the external world through the water escape valve of bottom.
Described flow deflector, hot face angle of inclination are 5-30 °.Described hot face downside scribbles coating for selective absorption.Described condensation evaporation pipe angle of inclination is 5-30 °, and plurality of rows is arranged, some row, and in-line arrangement is arranged.Described condensation is erected on wall, the condensation transverse slat and is furnished with hydrophilic fibers.Slit between described flow deflector and the fresh-water tank is 0.5-5mm.
The combined solar energy method for desalting seawater is: adopt plate solar collector to absorb sun power, be used for heating from the flow through seawater of flat plate collector of water tank, s' 50-60 ℃ hot sea water with seawater preheating to temperature, hot sea water enters in the cloth liquid case, flow down from the liquid distributing hole of cloth liquid case bottom, be dropped on the condensation evaporation pipe, the portion of hot seawater forms one deck seawater film on the condensation evaporation pipe, the residual heat seawater separates with the condensation evaporation pipe under action of gravity, drop onto on the flow deflector, import on the hot face through flow deflector, flow deflector and hot face have obliquity, on flow deflector and hot face, all form one deck seawater film, the hot face downside scribbles coating for selective absorption, absorb compound parabolic concentrator collector accumulative sunlight and convert heat to, seawater film on the heating hot face, the seawater film absorbs heat and evaporates rapidly, unevaporated seawater flows in the heat storage water tank, the steam that produces enters the condensation evaporation pipe through the steam distribution case, steam condenses into fresh water and enters fresh-water tank in the condensation evaporation pipe, and draw by the second fresh water valve, the latent heat of condensation that discharges during vapor condensation in the condensation evaporation pipe outer seawater film of generating tube that is condensed absorbs, impel the evaporation of seawater membrane portions, produce secondary steam, secondary steam enters fresh-water tank through the vapour stream through hole, on condensation transverse slat between fresh-water tank and the constant-temperature evaporation device and the perpendicular wall of condensation, condense into fresh water, the latent heat of condensation is through the perpendicular wall of condensation, the condensation transverse slat imports in the constant-temperature evaporation device, on perpendicular wall of condensation and condensation transverse slat, be provided with hydrophilic fibers, under the effect of hydrophilic fibers, the seawater of constant-temperature evaporation device bottom all forms one deck seawater film on perpendicular wall of condensation and condensation transverse slat, the latent heat of condensation of emitting when the seawater film absorbs from the secondary steam condensation is evaporated rapidly, produce three times steam, three steam condenses into fresh water at the end face of constant-temperature evaporation device and enters the fresh water receiving tank, and draw by the first fresh water valve, the hot sea water in the heat storage water tank was transferred in the water tank every 2-5 hour.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention does not introduce conventional energy resourcess such as electric power fully, is particularly suitable for remote districts, and electric power such as desert, island lack the area.
2, the evaporation that the present invention relates to all is a thin film evaporation, and film thermal capacity is little, and required heat source temperature is low, and velocity of evaporation is fast, the water production rate height.
3, the speed of evaporation and condensation has been accelerated in evaporation and be condensate in the different spaces and carry out among the present invention, and the heat transfer that relates to mostly is phase-change heat transfer, and required heat interchanging area is little, and device is compact.
4, the present invention utilizes the latent heat of vapor condenses to remove to impel liquid film evaporation according to the difference of vapor temperature, not only makes heat-transfer effect better, has increased rate of setting, can also improve producing water ratio, realized energy step and recycle.
5, the present invention is simple in structure, and seal request is not high, installs, unpicks and washes, changes conveniently.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of combined solar energy sea water desalinating plant;
Fig. 2 is the left pseudosection of constant-temperature evaporation device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the left pseudosection of fresh-water tank of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the right pseudosection of steam distribution case of the present invention
Fig. 5 is a steam distribution case of the present invention left side pseudosection;
Fig. 6 is a director structural representation of the present invention;
Among the figure: water escape valve 1, heat storage water tank 2, flow deflector 3, steam distribution case 4, condensation evaporation pipe 5, first ventilating pit 6, cloth liquid case 7, plate solar collector 8, first water drain valve 9, second water drain valve 10, water tank 11, vapour stream through hole 12, condensation transverse slat 13, second ventilating pit 14, constant-temperature evaporation device 15, wall 16 is erected in condensation, fresh water receiving tank 17, the first fresh water valve 18, hydrophilic fibers 19, water intaking valve 20, fresh-water tank 21, hot face 22, the second fresh water valve 23, water discharge valve 24, compound parabolic concentrator collector 25, director 26.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the combined solar energy sea water desalinating plant comprises water escape valve 1, heat storage water tank 2, steam distribution case 4, condensation evaporation pipe 5, cloth liquid case 7, plate solar collector 8, first water drain valve 9, second water drain valve 10, water tank 11, constant-temperature evaporation device 15, the first fresh water valve 18, water intaking valve 20, fresh-water tank 21, the second fresh water valve 23, water discharge valve 24, compound parabolic concentrator collector 25, director 26; Constant-temperature evaporation device 15 comprises fresh water receiving tank 17, hydrophilic fibers 19, and fresh-water tank 21 comprises vapour stream through hole 12, condensation transverse slat 13, second ventilating pit 14, the perpendicular wall 16 of condensation, and steam distribution case 4 comprises flow deflector 3, first ventilating pit 6, hot face 22; Water tank 11, first water drain valve 9, flat plate collector 8, cloth liquid case 7 links to each other in turn, water tank 11 links to each other with the external world through second water drain valve 10, cloth liquid case 7 bottoms are provided with liquid distributing hole, cloth liquid case 7 belows are provided with condensation evaporation pipe 5, condensation evaporation pipe 5 lateral arrangement, obliquity is arranged, condensation evaporation pipe 5 is high-end to link to each other with steam distribution case 4, condensation evaporation pipe 5 low sides link to each other with fresh-water tank 21, the steam distribution case links to each other with heat storage water tank 2 through director 26, hot face 22 belows are provided with compound parabolic concentrator collector 25, be perpendicular wall 16 of condensation and condensation transverse slat 13 between fresh-water tank 21 and the constant-temperature evaporation device 15, constant-temperature evaporation device 15 bottoms are provided with water discharge valve 24, constant-temperature evaporation device 15 middle and upper parts are provided with water intaking valve 20, and constant-temperature evaporation device 15 end face low sides are provided with the first fresh water valve 18, and constant-temperature evaporation device 15 is respectively through the first fresh water valve 18, water intaking valve 20, water discharge valve 24 links to each other with the external world, fresh-water tank 21 links to each other with the external world through the second fresh water valve 23 of bottom, and heat storage water tank 2 links to each other with the external world through the water escape valve 1 of bottom.
Described flow deflector 3, hot face 22 angles of inclination are 5-30 °.Described hot face 22 downsides scribble coating for selective absorption.Described condensation evaporation pipe 5 angles of inclination are 5-30 °, and plurality of rows is arranged, some row, and in-line arrangement is arranged.Described condensation is erected on wall 16, the condensation transverse slat 13 and is furnished with hydrophilic fibers 19.Slit between described flow deflector 3 and the fresh-water tank 21 is 0.5-5mm.Described first ventilating pit 6, second ventilating pit 14 are furnished with the top cover of favorable sealing property, can free opening and closing.
The combined solar energy method for desalting seawater is: adopt plate solar collector 8 to absorb sun power, be used for heating from the flow through seawater of flat plate collector 8 of water tank 11, s' 50-60 ℃ hot sea water with seawater preheating to temperature, hot sea water enters in the cloth liquid case 7, flow down from the liquid distributing hole of cloth liquid case 7 bottoms, be dropped on the condensation evaporation pipe 5, the portion of hot seawater forms one deck seawater film on condensation evaporation pipe 5, the residual heat seawater separates with condensation evaporation pipe 5 under action of gravity, drop onto on the flow deflector 3, import on the hot face 22 through flow deflector 3, flow deflector 3 and hot face 22 have obliquity, on flow deflector 3 and hot face 22, all form one deck seawater film, hot face 22 downsides scribble coating for selective absorption, absorb compound parabolic concentrator collector 25 accumulative sunlights and convert heat to, seawater film on the heating hot face 22, the seawater film absorbs heat and evaporates rapidly, unevaporated seawater flows in the heat storage water tank 2, the steam that produces enters condensation evaporation pipe 5 through steam distribution case 4, steam condenses into fresh water and enters fresh-water tank 21 in condensation evaporation pipe 5, and draw by the second fresh water valve 23, the latent heat of condensation that discharges during vapor condensation in the condensation evaporation pipe 5 generating tube 5 outer seawater films that are condensed absorb, impel the evaporation of seawater membrane portions, produce secondary steam, secondary steam enters fresh-water tank 21 through vapour stream through hole 12, on condensation transverse slat 13 between fresh-water tank 21 and the constant-temperature evaporation device 15 and the perpendicular wall 16 of condensation, condense into fresh water, the latent heat of condensation is through the perpendicular wall 16 of condensation, condensation transverse slat 13 imports in the constant-temperature evaporation device 15, on perpendicular wall 16 of condensation and condensation transverse slat 13, be provided with hydrophilic fibers 19, under the effect of hydrophilic fibers 19, the seawater of constant-temperature evaporation device 15 bottoms all forms one deck seawater film on perpendicular wall 16 of condensation and condensation transverse slat 13, the latent heat of condensation of emitting when the seawater film absorbs from the secondary steam condensation is evaporated rapidly, produce three times steam, three steam condenses into fresh water at the end face of constant-temperature evaporation device 15 and enters fresh water receiving tank 17, and draw by the first fresh water valve 18, the hot sea water in the heat storage water tank 2 was transferred in the water tank 11 every 2-5 hour.
Working process of the present invention:
At first, water tank is filled it up with normal temperature seawater, replenish normal temperature seawater in the constant-temperature evaporation device, open the water drain valve that links to each other with flat plate collector, water is imported flat plate collector to be heated to and to enter cloth liquid case after temperature is 50-60 ℃, flow out from the liquid distributing hole of cloth liquid case bottom, drop onto on the condensation evaporation pipe, the portion of hot seawater forms uniform thin film, not film forming hot sea water continues to fall until flow deflector, guiding through flow deflector flows on the hot face by the narrow slit between flow deflector and the fresh-water tank, form one deck seawater film, the heat that the seawater film absorbs hot face evaporates rapidly, produce primary steam, unevaporated seawater flows in the heat storage water tank through director, salt water in the heat storage water tank was transferred in the water tank every 2-5 hour, the primary steam that produces is flowed through and is entered the condensation evaporation pipe behind the steam distribution case, falling film condensation takes place in condensation evaporation pipe pipe, be condensed generating tube off-lying sea moisture film of the latent heat of condensation absorbs, form falling film evaporation, the fresh water that obtains that condenses in the condensation evaporation pipe glides until entering fresh-water tank along pipeline under action of gravity, the secondary steam of the generation that the condensation evaporation pipe is outer enters fresh-water tank through the vapour stream through hole, formation fresh water condenses on perpendicular wall of condensation and condensation transverse slat respectively, latent heat reaches in the constant-temperature evaporation device, constant-temperature evaporation device maritime interior waters rises under the effect of hydrophilic fibers, on perpendicular wall of condensation and condensation transverse slat, form the seawater film, the latent heat of condensation of seawater film absorption secondary steam is evaporated rapidly, form three times steam, steam rises to and is slipped in the fresh water receiving tank after end face condenses into fresh water, draw through the first fresh water valve, the fresh water temperature is higher than the temperature of constant-temperature evaporation device maritime interior waters in the fresh-water tank, fresh water is passed to seawater with heat, improve its temperature, accelerate vaporator rate, the constant-temperature evaporation device every moisturizing in 2-5 hour once.
Embodiment 1:
1 ton of the initial normal temperature seawater capacity of water tank, the total daylighting area 4m of heat collector
2, compound parabolic concentrator collector optically focused ratio is 3, flat plate collector efficient 60%, and the external diameter 25.4mm of condensation evaporation copper pipe, pipe range 200mm manages several 9, is arranged to a row, 15 ° at inclination angle, the perpendicular wall of the fresh-water tank area 200 * 800mm that condenses
2, the transverse slat area 100 * 800mm that condenses
2Material is a stainless steel, and wall thickness 2mm, hydrophilic fibers cover on condensation transverse slat and the perpendicular wall of condensation, 20 ℃ of seawater temperature ins, after being preheated to 50 ℃, plate solar collector enters cloth liquid case, 20 ℃ of constant-temperature evaporation device maritime interior waters initial temperatures, initial liquid level 50mm, every moisturizing in 5 hours once, hot sea water was transferred in the water tank every 5 hours in the heat storage water tank, control seawater flow rate 20kg/h, and daily output fresh water amount can reach 15-20kg/m
2.
Embodiment 2:
1 ton of the initial normal temperature seawater capacity of water tank, the total daylighting area 5m of heat collector
2, compound parabolic concentrator collector optically focused ratio is 4, flat plate collector efficient 65%, and condensation evaporation copper pipe external diameter 25.4mm, pipe range 200mm manages several 12, is arranged to a row, 15 ° at inclination angle, the perpendicular wall of the fresh-water tank area 200 * 800mm that condenses
2, the transverse slat area 100 * 800mm that condenses
2Material is a stainless steel, and wall thickness 2mm, hydrophilic fibers cover on condensation transverse slat and the perpendicular wall of condensation, 20 ℃ of seawater temperature ins, after being preheated to 60 ℃, plate solar collector enters cloth liquid case, 20 ℃ of constant-temperature evaporation device maritime interior waters initial temperatures, initial liquid level 50mm, every moisturizing in 4 hours once, hot sea water was transferred to water tank in the heat storage water tank every 6 hours, control seawater flow rate 20kg/h, and daily output fresh water amount can reach 18-24kg/m
2
Claims (7)
1. a combined solar energy sea water desalinating plant is characterized in that comprising water escape valve (1), heat storage water tank (2), steam distribution case (4), condensation evaporation pipe (5), cloth liquid case (7), plate solar collector (8), first water drain valve (9), second water drain valve (10), water tank (11), constant-temperature evaporation device (15), the first fresh water valve (18), water intaking valve (20), fresh-water tank (21), the second fresh water valve (23), water discharge valve (24), compound parabolic concentrator collector (25), director (26); Constant-temperature evaporation device (15) comprises fresh water receiving tank (17), hydrophilic fibers (19), fresh-water tank (21) comprises vapour stream through hole (12), condensation transverse slat (13), second ventilating pit (14), the perpendicular wall (16) of condensation, and steam distribution case (4) comprises flow deflector (3), first ventilating pit (6), hot face (22); Water tank (11), first water drain valve (9), flat plate collector (8), cloth liquid case (7) links to each other in turn, water tank (11) links to each other with the external world through second water drain valve (10), cloth liquid case (7) bottom is provided with liquid distributing hole, cloth liquid case (7) below is provided with condensation evaporation pipe (5), condensation evaporation pipe (5) lateral arrangement, obliquity is arranged, condensation evaporation pipe (5) is high-end to link to each other with steam distribution case (4), condensation evaporation pipe (5) low side links to each other with fresh-water tank (21), the steam distribution case links to each other with heat storage water tank (2) through director (26), hot face (22) below is provided with compound parabolic concentrator collector (25), be perpendicular wall (16) of condensation and condensation transverse slat (13) between fresh-water tank (21) and the constant-temperature evaporation device (15), constant-temperature evaporation device (15) bottom is provided with water discharge valve (24), constant-temperature evaporation device (15) middle and upper part is provided with water intaking valve (20), constant-temperature evaporation device (15) end face low side is provided with the first fresh water valve (18), constant-temperature evaporation device (15) is respectively through the first fresh water valve (18), water intaking valve (20), water discharge valve (24) links to each other with the external world, fresh-water tank (21) links to each other with the external world through the second fresh water valve (23) of bottom, and heat storage water tank (2) links to each other with the external world through the water escape valve (1) of bottom.
2. a kind of combined solar energy sea water desalinating plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that described flow deflector (3), hot face (22) angle of inclination are 5-30 °.
3. a kind of combined solar energy sea water desalinating plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that described hot face (22) downside scribbles coating for selective absorption.
4. a kind of combined solar energy sea water desalinating plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that described condensation evaporation pipe (5) angle of inclination is 5-30 °, and plurality of rows is arranged, some row, and in-line arrangement is arranged.
5. a kind of combined solar energy sea water desalinating plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that described condensation is erected on wall (16), the condensation transverse slat (13) to be furnished with hydrophilic fibers (19).
6. a kind of combined solar energy sea water desalinating plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that the slit between described flow deflector (3) and the fresh-water tank (21) is 0.5-5mm.
7. combined solar energy method for desalting seawater that use is installed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt plate solar collector (8) to absorb sun power, be used for heating from the flow through seawater of flat plate collector (8) of water tank (11), s' 50-60 ℃ hot sea water with seawater preheating to temperature, hot sea water enters in the cloth liquid case (7), flow down from the liquid distributing hole of cloth liquid case (7) bottom, be dropped on the condensation evaporation pipe (5), the portion of hot seawater is gone up at condensation evaporation pipe (5) and is formed one deck seawater film, the residual heat seawater separates with condensation evaporation pipe (5) under action of gravity, drop onto on the flow deflector (3), import on the hot face (22) through flow deflector (3), flow deflector (3) and hot face (22) have obliquity, on flow deflector (3) and hot face (22), all form one deck seawater film, hot face (22) downside scribbles coating for selective absorption, absorb compound parabolic concentrator collector (25) accumulative sunlight and convert heat to, seawater film on the heating hot face (22), the seawater film absorbs heat and evaporates rapidly, unevaporated seawater flows in the heat storage water tank (2), the steam that produces enters condensation evaporation pipe (5) through steam distribution case (4), steam condenses into fresh water and enters fresh-water tank (21) in condensation evaporation pipe (5), and draw by the second fresh water valve (23), the latent heat of condensation that discharges during the interior vapor condensation of condensation evaporation pipe (5) the outer seawater film of generating tube (5) that is condensed absorbs, impel the evaporation of seawater membrane portions, produce secondary steam, secondary steam enters fresh-water tank (21) through vapour stream through hole (12), on condensation transverse slat (13) between fresh-water tank (21) and the constant-temperature evaporation device (15) and the perpendicular wall (16) of condensation, condense into fresh water, the latent heat of condensation is through the perpendicular wall (16) of condensation, condensation transverse slat (13) imports in the constant-temperature evaporation device (15), on perpendicular wall (16) of condensation and condensation transverse slat (13), be provided with hydrophilic fibers (19), under the effect of hydrophilic fibers (19), the seawater of constant-temperature evaporation device (15) bottom all forms one deck seawater film on perpendicular wall (16) of condensation and condensation transverse slat (13), the latent heat of condensation of emitting when the seawater film absorbs from the secondary steam condensation is evaporated rapidly, produce three times steam, three steam condenses into fresh water at the end face of constant-temperature evaporation device (15) and enters fresh water receiving tank (17), and draw by the first fresh water valve (18), the hot sea water in the heat storage water tank (2) was transferred in the water tank (11) every 2-5 hour.
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| CN103449547A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-18 | 北京理工大学 | Serial multi-stage isothermal heating multiple-effect heat return humidifying and dehumidifying solar-powered seawater desalination machine |
| CN104828890A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | Sun-drying type seawater desalination device having active condensation function and method |
| CN105923677B (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2018-10-09 | 北京理工大学 | The multi-stage falling-film desalination plant that parabolic concentrator is pulsed compound with hot steam |
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| CN106365235A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-01 | 武汉大学 | Low-temperature low-pressure solar local-thermal-process seawater desalination system |
| CN110282680A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-09-27 | 东南大学 | A kind of device of solar energy purification bitter |
| CN110526317A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-12-03 | 江苏大学 | A kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus |
| CN111870977A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-03 | 天津城建大学 | Device for concentrating and desalting electrolyte solution by utilizing solar energy |
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| TWI757185B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-03-01 | 張文曲 | Seawater desalination device using solar thermal energy |
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Effective date of registration: 20191024 Address after: 310018 Room 2007-9, 2 Building of East Hangzhou International Business Center, Jianggan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone Patentee after: Zhejiang Zhongguang New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 310027 Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, Xihu District, Zhejiang Road, No. 38, No. Patentee before: Zhejiang University |