CN102185676A - 在数据传输系统中计算并验证数据完整性的方法和系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
描述了一种在数据通信系统中计算并验证数据完整性的方法。该系统通常包括诸如RFID系统中的基站和一个或多个远端站。该方法包括:从基站向所述一个或多个远端站发送选择指令,该选择指令包含与一个或多个远端站中的标识或其它数据字段的一部分相匹配的数据字段;从选定的一个或多个远端站发送截断应答,该应答包含所述远端站的标识数据或其它数据但省略了由基站发送的部分;在基站中,根据最初发送的数据字段和接收的截断应答数据来计算校验和或CRC;以及比较计算的校验和或CRC与远端站发送的校验和或CRC。还描述了一种系统和应答器。
Description
本申请是申请号为200580007118.6、申请日为2005年1月14日、发明名称为“在数据传输系统中计算并验证数据完整性的方法和系统”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在数据传输系统中用于计算并验证数据完整性的方法和系统,尤其但非排他地涉及诸如(但不局限于)在射频识别(RFID)系统中使用的在基站和一个或多个移动或远端站之间通过无线电的数据传输系统。本发明还提供一种实现该方法的应答器或标签。
背景技术
射频识别系统通常包含通常被称为阅读器或扫读器的询问器(基站)和一个或多个通常被称为标签或电子标记的应答器(移动站)。
在已知技术的系统中,阅读器对范围内的任何标签发出请求或命令,以便用它们的标识或它们的存储数据进行应答。在一个变型中,标签在检测到存在阅读器时,将发送它们的标识或存储数据。标签使用自包含的发射机或借助于调制的反向散射来发送所述标识或存储数据作为消息或分组内的数据突发。一则消息可以包含标识或存储数据的一部分或全部。
来自标签的标识或数据形式的传输经常将具有附加到标识或数据上的校验和或循环冗余码(CRC),阅读器使用该校验和或CRC来测定它从标签接收的数据的正确性。
在阅读器的区域内出现多个标签时,重要的是将标签传输和消息的长度保持为传送被阅读器读取的标签的标识或数据内容所需的最小。这通过使用标签消息传输的慎重截断来实现,其中:阅读器知道标签标识或数据内容的一部分。
参见图1,一个方法是阅读器向存在的标签群发出一个选择指令。该选择指令包含如图1所示具有S比特的数据字段,这个数据字段匹配标签标识中的数据字段的一部分,标签标识具有D比特。那些标识具有匹配部分的标签通过发送一个被缩短的应答来进行响应,该应答包含省略了先前被阅读器发送的那部分的标识,正如所示出为等于D-S比特的N比特。校验和或CRC通常(但不一定)由16比特组成,其被示出附加到所述N比特以便定义″截断消息″或″截断应答″。
现在参见校验和或CRC;它可以在标签传输其消息时由标签实时生成,或可替代地,可以在数据被写入标签并存储在标签中时计算它,在此情况下,它是指完整的标签标识或存储数据。当标签传输其完整标识或存储数据时,阅读器将不必一定知道校验和或CRC是在发送时由标签计算出的还是被预先存储在标签中的。
然而,如果标签只发送其标识或存储数据的一部分,例如响应于阅读器对它的请求而发送″截断应答″,则在[实时]生成校验和或CRC的情况下,它将仅基于实际发送的那部分标识或存储数据,而在预先计算并存储校验和或CRC的情况下,它将基于完整的标识或存储数据。因此,在后一种情况下,当阅读器使用存储的校验和或CRC来测试接收消息的正确性时,它将不能正确地计算并将丢弃出错的消息。
此发明努力克服上述问题。
发明内容
在本发明的一个方面中,提供一种在包括一个基站和一个或多个远端站的数据通信系统中计算并验证数据完整性的方法,该方法包括:从基站向所述一个或多个远端站发送选择指令,该选择指令包含与一个或多个远端站中的标识或其它数据字段的一部分相匹配的数据字段;从一个或多个选定的远端站发送截断应答,该应答包含所述远端站的标识数据或其它数据但省略了由基站发送的部分;在基站中,根据最初发送的数据字段和接收的截断应答数据来计算校验和或CRC;以及比较计算的校验和或CRC与远端站发送的校验和或CRC。
基站中校验和或CRC的计算可以基于远端站用来计算与发送数据一起发送的CRC的完整数据消息的相同的一个或多个部分(这是最初发送的数据字段和接收的截断应答数据),并且比较计算的校验和或CRC与远端站发送的校验和或CRC。
在一个实施例中,基站是阅读器或询问器,以及一个或多个远端站是RFID应答器。
远端站通常在其截断应答中发送其校验和或CRC作为附加到其标识或其它数据之前或之后的数据。响应于来自基站的一个或多个指令,远端站通过校验和生成器对与选择指令中的数据对应的数据进行定时,截断应答中的数据也通过该校验和生成器来定时以导出附加到截断应答数据之前或之后定时输出的校验和。
在一个实施例中,基站在接收截断应答之前的周期期间开始计算一个或多个远端站的预期的校验和或CRC,以便基于选择信息中的数据字段来导出局部校验和计算结果,该局部校验和计算结果被临时保存用于在收到截断应答时使用。基站可以在选择信息的发送期间开始计算局部校验和,并且来自远端站的截断应答通过校验和生成器被定时,以便从保存的局部校验和开始继续计算校验和,从而在接收到来自截断应答的最后一个比特后,在基站中计算的最终校验和可以与远端站发送的校验和进行比较。
在一个实施例中,基站复位校验和计算逻辑并且预加载先前保存的局部计算校验和,准备接收来自另一选定远端站的截断应答。可替代地,已经接收到来自远端站的截断应答后,基站在成功接收并解码每个截断应答之后,重新计算选择信息中的数据,以便与截断应答中的数据一起计算校验和或CRC,并且继续这个过程直到基站向远端站发送新的选择信息请求为止。
在一个优选实施例中,该方法包括:从阅读器发送命令给用于解码该命令的标签命令解码器,与从阅读器到比较器的输入掩码数据同步地将标签存储器中的数据移位到标签移位寄存器中,在比较器中执行掩码数据和标签存储器数据之间的逐位比较,并且在标签内的校验和或CRC生成器中计算校验和或CRC。
合宜地,来自阅读器的输入数据和来自标签移位寄存器的输出数据被呈现给逻辑电路的各输入,并且在一个实施例中,该方法包括在标签内设置比较OK或选择标志,其用来在标签数据和掩码值匹配时使得标签参加判优循环(arbitration cycle)。
在一个实施例中,当标签正在接收掩码并且执行与内部存储器数据的比较时,该方法还包括通过校验和或CRC生成器来移位内部数据的步骤,所述校验和或CRC生成器是用于生成标签CRC的同一个CRC生成器。一旦选择标志已被设置,则标签停止通过发送移位寄存器来移位任何进一步的数据,并且也没有进一步的数据通过CRC生成器被移位,CRC生成器冻结并保持其当前状态。
合宜地,标签中的指针标记比较结束的位置,并且参与由实现的判优算法和来自(发送判优命令)阅读器的命令确定的判优序列的标签打开其发射机,并且从与掩码的比较结束的点之后的比特位置,开始移出标签ID数据。
在本发明的另一方面中,提供一种在包括一个基站和一个或多个远端站的数据通信系统中用于计算并验证数据完整性的系统,该系统包括:基站发送电路,用于从基站向所述一个或多个远端站发送选择指令,该选择指令包含与一个或多个远端站中的标识或其它数据字段的一个或多个部分相匹配的数据字段;远端站发送电路,用于从一个或多个选定的远端站发送截断应答,该应答包含远端站的标识数据或其它数据但省略了由基站发送的部分;计算装置,用于在基站中根据最初发送的数据字段和接收的截断应答数据来计算校验和或CRC;和比较器,用于比较计算的校验和或CRC与远端站发送的校验和或CRC。
在一个实施例中,基站是阅读器或询问器,以及一个或多个远端站是RFID应答器。本发明因此提供一种方法和系统,用于在标签传输被截断时(即:只有一部分标签标识被发送),阅读器正确地验证通信系统中的标签传输。本发明在标识或数据的校验和或CRC被存储在标签中的情况下尤其有用。
为了描述的目的,术语“校验和”将适用于CRC或其它形式的错误检查。
本发明还为标签提供一种装置,用于以被缩短或截断形式来答复阅读器的请求,同时仍然能够向阅读器提供完整的错误检查性能,就像整个消息已被发送--不论校验和是在标签被编程时计算并存储在标签上,还是校验和是在标签发送应答时由标签“在传输过程中”生成。这在标签将要包含用户写入数据时尤其重要,在此,这个数据可以由用户来改变。如果校验和是预先计算并存储在标签上以及随后用户数据改变,则CRC将是不正确的。这将意味着CRC不能被保护,因为每次用户修改数据内容时它将必须被重写。本发明因此允许诸如ID的标签数据的一部分被锁定并被保护,同时给用户改变他们数据的自由,并且仍然为无线电通信错误检查提供有效灵活的CRC,同时还保持截断消息传送的灵活性。
本发明的另外一个方面是与阅读器或询问器一起在RFID系统中使用的应答器或标签,包括:命令解码器,用于解码来自阅读器的命令;移位寄存器,用于与从阅读器到比较器的输入掩码数据同步地移位标签存储器中的数据;所述比较器在掩码数据和标签存储器数据之间执行逐位比较;以及校验和或CRC生成器。
这里存在着好几个可能的校验和或CRC计算的实施方案,它们全部都基于相同的原理。
例如,在上述实施例中,在标签上根据完整的存储数据(消息)来计算CRC,即使发送截断消息。在这种情况下,阅读器组合作为选择准则发送的数据部分和标记应答中的数据部分来计算CRC。选择掩码在上面被描述为对应于来自相关标签数据字段中的开始数据(START)的比特序列。在备选实施例中,选择掩码数据可以来自标签中的中间数据(MIDDLE)或标签中的结尾数据(END)。换言之,选择未必需要在标签存储数据的最高有效位开始。它也可以涉及标签数据存储器的一些不连贯字段。
在另外一个实施中,标签包含根据完整数据消息计算的已存储CRC,然后在发送此消息时其被截断。阅读器组合作为选择准则[掩码]发送的数据部分和标签发送的数据部分来计算CRC。选择掩码可以来自标签中的开始数据(START)、标签中的中间数据(MIDDLE)或标签中的结尾数据(END)。如上所述,选择未必需要在标签存储数据的最高有效位开始。
在另外一个实施中,标签可以包括用于多个数据字段的多个存储的CRC,每个数据字段有它自己的CRC。在这种情况下,截断可以在边界发生,每个边界与一个存储的CRC相关(加一用于整个标签数据)。CRC的选择和边界的确定可以在标签上完成或通过发送给标签的特定阅读器命令或指令来完成。选择可以等于每个数据字段的字段大小或可以更长,覆盖多个数据字段。
在另外一个实施例中,CRC基于标签消息的被发送[截断]部分,当阅读器计算并仅使用标签发送的数据部分而忽略未发送部分时这被采用。
在本发明的另外一个方面中,提供一种在包括一个或多个基站和一个或多个远端站的数据通信系统中计算并验证数据完整性的方法,该方法包括:从远端站发送选择指令给所述一个或多个远端基站,该选择指令包含与一个或多个远端基站中的标识或其它数据字段的一部分相匹配的数据字段;从一个或多个选定的远端基站发送截断应答,该应答包含基站的标识数据或其它数据但省略了由远端站发送的部分;以及在远端站中根据接收到的截断应答数据来计算校验和或CRC。
在本发明的另外一个方面中,提供一种与一个或多个远端站一起用于系统中的阅读器或询问器,该阅读器包括:发射机,被安排发送一个或多个选择指令给所述一个或多个远端站,该一个或多个选择指令包含与一个或多个远端站中的标识或其它数据字段的一部分相匹配的数据字段;接收机,被安排接收截断应答,该应答包含远端站的标识数据或其它数据但省略了由阅读器或询问器发送的部分;计算装置,用于根据最初发送的字段和接收的截断应答数据来计算校验和或CRC,或单独根据截断数据来计算校验和或CRC;以及比较器,用于比较计算的校验和或CRC与远端站所发送的校验和或CRC。
其它的方法、系统以及应答器或标签特征被定义在附加的权利要求中。
附图说明
现在将参考附图举例来进一步描述本发明,附图中:
图1说明了标签标识的典型比特格式以及询问器在其选择标签子群的命令中使用的比特标识的一部分;
图2示出了命令响应序列的流程图;
图3示出了标签中输入命令、比较序列和发送的标签消息的相对内部定时以及内部定时信号A、B、C和D;以及
图4是根据本发明一个实施例的典型标签的框图。
具体实施方式
典型的RFID系统包括一个阅读器和多个标签,阅读器发出请求命令,该请求命令包含用于在阅读器的照亮区域内存在的全部标签的掩码,以便例如如果标签标识的前16个比特与包含在阅读器请求命令内的掩码字段中的16个比特相匹配,则进行应答。16个比特匹配的标签应答。如果系统使用二分检索法或冲突判优,则标签将根据它们特定的系统所接受的算法进行应答,如本领域所熟知的。标签消息(应答)将包含标签的标识和校验和,该校验和在标签传输中可以被附加在标识之前或之后。标识和校验和在标签传输消息(应答)内的顺序并不重要,换言之,校验和在标识/数据之前或之后发送均没关系。
将可以视情况在整个标识或存储数据上计算校验和。在一个示例中,标签传输消息将不包括其标识的前16个比特但将包含校验和,好像整个消息已被发送一样。
阅读器的操作
阅读器时钟输入标签传输消息。
当阅读器向标签发送请求时,在该示例中它使用包含在将被标签比较的请求中的16比特掩码值,开始计算标签应答校验和,这个局部校验和计算的数值被临时保存用于与多个标签应答一起使用。
作为每个标签应答,标签消息传输被时钟输入到阅读器中,并且阅读器从那个点继续向前计算校验和,使得当标签消息的最后一个比特被时钟输入时正确地计算校验和,并因此阅读器知道没有错误。
在已经接收到来自第一标签的应答之后,阅读器复位校验和计算逻辑,并且预加载先前保存的局部计算的校验和,然后对于其接收的每个标签传输重复上述程序。一个备选方法将使阅读器在成功接收和解码每个标签传输之后重新计算校验和的第一部分,直到它重新发出一个新的请求的那个时间为止。
标签的操作
在标签在它们时钟输出它们的标识或数据时“在传输过程中”生成它们的校验和的情况下。在接收来自阅读器的请求命令以便发送截断应答时,因为从阅读器接收该命令数据发送,该命令中包含掩码的数据字段将时钟通过标签上的校验和生成器。由于标签数据的余额(balance)由标签传输,所以这也时钟通过校验和生成器,然后最终时钟输出校验和。
现在将描述一个特定的实施例,其中,该系统包括一个RFID阅读器和多个标签。除了存储在其存储器中的其唯一标识以外,每个标签与下一个完全相同。操作过程如下。
阅读器向存在于该阅读器的通信区域中的标签发出一个或多个选择命令。该选择命令将掩码值作为它的一个参数。该掩码值表示一个标签族(可能存在多个标签)的标识号的一部分。在收到来自阅读器的命令时,存在的所有标签在图4所示的命令解码器2中对该命令进行解码。
如果该命令是一个选择命令,则标签比较包含在命令中的掩码值和它们的标识的相应部分。这通过与输入掩码数据同步地通过标签发送移位寄存器12来移位标签存储器14中的数据,并经由XOR门逻辑10和比较器4在二者之间执行逐位比较来完成。如果标签数据和掩码值匹配,那么标签设置一个比较OK或选择标志,用来使得标签参与随后的判优循环。当标签正在接收掩码并执行与内部数据的比较时,它还通过标签上的CRC生成器8来移位所述内部数据,所述CRC生成器是用来生成标签CRC的同一CRC生成器8。
一旦选择标志已被设置,标签停止通过发送移位寄存器12移位任何进一步的数据并且也没有进一步的数据通过CRC生成器8被移位,然而,CRC生成器8冻结并且保持它的当前状态。标签中的指针6还标记比较结束时的位置。当标签参与由实现的判优算法以及由来自阅读器的命令(发送判优命令)确定的判优序列时,它打开其发射机(取决于硬件配置,其可以是有源发射机或是反向散射调制器),开关16被闭合,开关14被连接到发送移位寄存器12的输出,并且开始从与掩码的比较结束的点之后的比特位置开始移出标签ID数据。在这个数据被移出到调制器的同时,它还通过CRC生成器8被移位。CRC生成器8在它先前停止的地方重新开始,就好像它未曾被冻结一样并且不复位它的值。当最后一个数据比特被移出时,标签开关-开关14连接到CRC生成器的输出。这把输出线从发送移位寄存器12改变到CRC生成器8的输出,并且继续发送直到所有的CRC比特已被发送为止。当最后的CRC比特已被发送时,标签关闭发射机并且返回到备用状态。
在这个过程期间,阅读器已经开始它自己的CRC校验。CRC校验的第一部分产生于阅读器在选择命令中作为掩码参数发送给存在的标签的掩码值。如此计算的这个临时CRC值被阅读器保持并被用来进一步计算用于输入标签传输的预期CRC值。当阅读器收到标签传输时,阅读器使用先前保持的CRC值作为起始点,根据输入数据流来计算CRC。一旦包括标签CRC的整个标签消息已被接收,则阅读器计算的CRC与标签CRC进行比较,并且如果它们匹配,那么阅读器知道这则消息被正确接收。
图2示出了在收到来自阅读器的命令或选择指令时标签中的操作的流程图。如图所示,标签最初处于备用状态,等候接收来自阅读器的命令。如果命令是包含掩码数据字段的″选择″命令,则标签进行到比较掩码和其标签ID的″n″个比特。
标签与输入掩码数据一起定时其TX移位寄存器12,并且对于由掩码长度确定的″n″个比特执行标签和掩码的逐位比较。同时,通过标签CRC生成器8来移位所述ID。此时,阅读器基于在选择命令中发送给标签的掩码值来计算CRC的第一部分。
参见如图2所示的步骤,如果掩码和标签ID的″n″个比特匹配,则标签设置其选定标志并等候由系统判优算法确定的其发送时机。指针6表示标签存储器中被比较的最后一个比特之后下一比特的位置。CRC生成器8保持其当前值。
当是标签发送的时机时,它从指针6所指示的比特位置开始其发送。所述ID同时通过CRC生成器被移位,CRC生成器从其上一位置继续而不复位。同时,当阅读器收到标签传输时,它从它停止的地方继续根据输入消息来计算CRC。
正如可以在图2的流程图中看到的,当最后一个ID比特被移出标签存储器时,标签切换到移出CRC比特。当最后一个CRC比特已被移出时,TX关掉,完成应答循环。在存储于存储器14中的完整ID上计算CRC,即使实际上只有ID的一部分被发送。同时,一旦阅读器已经收到来自标签的最后一个消息比特,它比较标签发送的CRC和在阅读器中根据它发送的掩码值和从标签接收的数据流而生成的CRC。
如图2所示,在流程图中标签将回到其备用状态时存在好几个情况,这些情况是:当接收到的命令未被发现是″选择″命令时、当掩码比特不匹配标签ID中的比特时、以及当标签的应答循环已结束时。
图3示出了标签中输入命令、比较序列和发送的标签消息的相对内部定时,以及内部定时信号A、B、C和D。
这个系统和方法也可以用于反向情形中,其中,基站发送截断消息,远端站然后基于未被发送的基站命令或消息的已知部分来计算CRC或校验和。
应该理解:这只不过是此方法的许多可能的实施例中的一个。
例如,在上述实施例中,在标签上根据完整的存储数据(消息)来计算CRC,即使发送截断消息。在这种情况下,阅读器组合作为选择准则发送的数据部分和标签应答中的数据部分来计算CRC。选择掩码在上面被描述为对应于来自相关标签数据字段中的开始数据(START)的比特序列。在备选实施例中,选择掩码数据可以来自标签中的中间数据(MIDDLE)或标签中的结尾数据(END)。换言之,选择未必需要在标签存储数据的最高有效位开始。它也可以涉及标签数据存储器的一些不连贯的字段。
在另外一个实施中,标签包含在完整数据消息上计算的已存储CRC,此消息然后在其被发送时被截断。阅读器组合作为选择准则[掩码]被发送的数据部分和标签所发送的数据部分来计算CRC。选择掩码可以来自标签中的开始数据(START)、标签中的中间数据(MIDDLE)或标签中的结尾数据(END)。如上所述,选择未必需要在标签存储数据的最高有效位开始。
在另外一个实施中,标签可以包括用于多个数据字段的多个已存储CRC,每个数据字段具有它自己的CRC。在这种情况下,截断可以在边界发生,每个边界与一个存储的CRC相关(加一用于整个标签数据)。CRC的选择和边界的确定可以在标签上完成或通过发给标签的特定阅读器命令或指令来完成。选择可以等于每个数据字段的字段大小或可以更长,覆盖多个数据字段。
在另外一个实施例中,CRC是基于标签消息的已发送[被截断]部分,当阅读器计算并仅使用标签发送的数据部分而忽略未发送的部分时,这被采用。
本领域技术人员应该理解,本发明不限制为上述实施例,例如判优协议和与调制和频率相关的操作参数都可以被修改。
通过例证,本发明可以利用在RFID国际标准(ISO/IEC18000-6,第一版,2004年8月15日发布)中例证的频率和调制参数,对于类型A(ALOHA)和类型B(二叉树检索),对判优技术进行适当修改。这对于本领域技术人员来说将是容易理解的。
Claims (29)
1.一种在包括一个基站和一个或多个远端站的数据通信系统中计算并验证数据完整性的方法,该方法包括:
从基站向所述一个或多个远端站发送一个或多个选择指令,该一个或多个选择指令包含与一个或多个远端站中的标识或其它数据字段的一部分相匹配的数据字段;
在所述基站处,从一个或多个选定的远端站接收截断应答,该应答包含所述远端站的标识数据或其它数据但省略了由基站发送的部分;
在所述基站处,从所述远端站接收所述远端站对于所述远端站的标识数据字段产生的校验和或CRC;
在基站中根据最初发送的数据字段和接收的截断应答数据来计算校验和或CRC;以及
比较计算的校验和或CRC与远端站发送的校验和或CRC。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述远端站在其截断应答中把其校验和或CRC作为附加到其标识或其它数据之前或之后的数据发送。
3.如权利要求1到2任何一个所述的方法,其中,响应于来自基站的选择指令,所述远端站通过校验和生成器来定时对应于所述选择指令中的数据的数据,也通过该校验和生成器来定时所述截断应答中的数据,从而导出被时钟输出附加到截断应答数据的校验和。
4.如权利要求1到2任何一个所述的方法,其中,所述基站在接收截断应答之前的周期期间,开始计算一个或多个远端站的预期的校验和或CRC,以便基于选择信息中的数据字段来导出局部校验和计算结果,该局部校验和计算结果被临时保存以便在收到截断应答时使用。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中,所述基站在发送选择信息期间开始计算局部校验和。
6.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中,来自远端站的截断应答通过校验和生成器来定时,以便从保存的局部校验和开始继续计算校验和,从而在收到来自截断应答的最后一个比特后,在基站中计算的最终校验和可以与远端站发送的校验和进行比较。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法,其中,已经接收到来自一个远端站的截断应答后,基站复位校验和计算逻辑并且预加载先前保存的局部计算校验和,准备接收来自另一选定远端站的截断应答。
8.如权利要求6所述的方法,其中,已经接收到来自一个远端站的截断应答后,基站在成功接收并解码每个截断应答之后,重新计算选择信息中的数据,以便和截断应答中的数据一起计算以导出校验和或CRC,并且继续这个过程直到基站向远端站发送新的选择信息请求为止。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法,包括:从基站发送命令给用于解码该命令的标签命令解码器,与从基站到比较器的输入标识或其他数据同步地将标签存储器中的数据移位到标签移位寄存器,在比较器中在标识或其他数据和标签存储器数据之间执行逐位比较,并且在远端站内的校验和或CRC生成器中计算校验和或CRC。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法,包括:把来自基站的输入数据和来自标签移位寄存器的输出呈现给逻辑电路的各输入。
11.如权利要求9或10所述的方法,包括:在该远端站内设置比较OK或选择标志,其用来在标签存储器数据和标识或其他数据值相匹配时,使得所述远端站参加判优循环。
12.如权利要求9或10所述的方法,其中,当远端站正在接收标识或其他数据并且执行与内部存储器数据的比较时,它还通过所述校验和或CRC生成器来偏移内部数据,所述校验和或CRC生成器是与用于生成标签CRC的生成器相同的CRC生成器。
13.如权利要求11所述的方法,其中,一旦选择标志已被设置,则远端站停止通过发送移位寄存器来移位任何进一步的数据,并且也没有进一步的数据通过CRC生成器被移位,CRC生成器冻结并保持其当前状态。
14.如权利要求13的方法,其中,所述远端站中的指针标记比较结束的位置,以及参与由实现的判优算法和来自基站(发送判优命令)的命令确定的判优序列的远端站打开其发射机,并且开始从与标识或其他数据的比较结束的点之后的比特位置开始,移出所述远端站的标识或其他数据。
15.如权利要求1、2或9所述的方法,其中,基站中校验和或CRC的计算可以基于远端站用来计算与发送数据一起发送的CRC的完整数据消息的相同的一个或多个部分,这是最初发送的数据字段和接收的截断应答数据,并且比较计算的校验和或CRC与远端站发送的校验和或CRC。
16.一种用于在包括一个基站和一个或多个远端站的数据通信系统中计算并验证数据完整性的系统,该系统包括:
用于从基站向所述一个或多个远端站发送选择指令的发送装置,该选择指令包含与一个或多个远端站中的标识或其它数据字段的一部分相匹配的数据字段;
用于在所述基站处从选定的一个或多个远端站接收截断应答以及用于在所述基站处,从所述远端站接收所述远端站对于所述远端站的标识数据或其他数据产生的校验和或CRC的接收装置,该应答包含所述远端站的标识数据或其它数据但省略了由基站发送的部分;
计算装置,用于在基站中根据最初发送的数据字段和接收的截断应答数据来计算校验和或CRC;和
比较器,用于比较计算的校验和或CRC与远端站发送的校验和或CRC。
17.如权利要求16所述的系统,其中,每个远端站包括:命令解码器,用于解码来自基站的命令;移位寄存器,用于与从基站到比较器的输入标识或其他数据同步地移位标签存储器中的数据;比较器,用于在标识或其他数据和标签存储器数据之间执行逐位比较;以及校验和或CRC生成器。
18.如权利要求17所述的系统,其中,来自基站的输入数据和来自移位寄存器的输出呈现送给逻辑门的各输入。
19.如权利要求17或18所述的系统,其中,当标签存储器数据和标识或其他数据值匹配时,所述远端站设置比较OK或选择标志,其用来使得远端站参与判优循环。
20.如权利要求17或18所述的系统,其中,提供装置,从而当远端站正在接收标识或其他数据并执行与内部存储器数据的比较时,它还通过校验和或CRC生成器来移位内部数据,所述校验和或CRC生成器是用于生成标签CRC的同一个CRC生成器。
21.如权利要求19所述的系统,其中,一旦选择标志已被设置,则远端站停止通过发送移位寄存器来移位任何进一步的数据,并且也没有进一步的数据通过CRC生成器被移位,CRC生成器被控制以冻结并保持其当前状态。
22.如权利要求21所述的系统,其中,远端站中的指针标记比较结束的位置,以及远端站参与由实现的判优算法和来自基站(发送判优命令)的命令确定的判优序列,它打开其发射机,并且开始从与标识或其他数据的比较结束的点之后的比特位置开始,移出所述远端站的标识或其他数据。
23.如权利要求22所述的系统,其中,在所述远端站的标识数据或其他数据被移出到调制器的同时,它也通过CRC生成器被移位,CRC生成器在它先前停止的地方重新开始,就好像它没有被冻结,以及不复位它的值。
24.如权利要求23所述的系统,其中,当最后一个数据比特已被移出时,远端站内的开关切换到CRC生成器的输出,其继续发送直到全部CRC比特已被发送为止。
25.如权利要求24所述的系统,其中,当最后一个CRC比特已被发送时,远端站中的另外一个开关切断发射机,并将远端站返回到备用状态。
26.一种在包括一个基站和一个或多个远端站的数据通信系统中计算并验证数据完整性的方法,该方法包括:
从基站向所述一个或多个远端站发送选择指令,该选择指令包含与一个或多个远端站中的标识或其它数据字段的一部分相匹配的数据字段;
在所述基站处,从选定的一个或多个远端站接收截断应答,该应答包含所述远端站的标识数据或其它数据但省略了由基站传送的部分;
在所述基站处,从所述远端站接收所述远端站对于所述截断应答产生的校验和或CRC;其中所述校验和或CRC基于所述远端站的标识数据或其它数据但省略了由基站发送的远端站的标识数据或其它数据部分;
在基站中,根据接收的截断应答数据来计算校验和或CRC,忽略由基站传送且没有由所述远端站作为截断应答的一部分发送的远端站的标识数据或其它数据部分;以及
比较计算的校验和或CRC与远端站发送的校验和或CRC。
27.一种在包括一个或多个基站以及一个或多个远端站的数据通信系统中计算并验证数据完整性的方法,该方法包括:
从各基站中选择的一个基站向所述一个或多个远端站发送选择指令,该选择指令包含与一个或多个远端基站中的标识或其它数据字段的一部分相匹配的数据字段;
在所述基站处,从所述远端站接收截断应答,该应答包含所述基站的标识数据或其它数据但省略了由所选择的基站发送的部分;
在所选择的基站处,从所述远端站接收所述远端站对于所述远端站的标识数据或其他数据产生的校验和或CRC;
在所选择的基站中根据最初发送的数据字段和接收的截断应答数据来计算校验和或CRC;以及
比较计算的校验和或CRC与远端站发送的校验和或CRC。
28.一种与一个或多个远端站一起在系统中使用的远端站,该基站包括:
发射机,被安排向所述一个或多个远端站发送一个或多个选择指令,该一个或多个选择指令包含与一个或多个远端站中的标识或其它数据字段的一部分相匹配的数据字段;
接收机,被安排从远端站接收截断应答,该应答包含所述远端站的标识数据或其它数据但省略了由基站发送的部分;
计算装置,用于根据最初发送的数据字段和接收的截断应答数据来计算校验和或CRC;以及
比较器,用于比较计算的校验和或CRC与远端站发送的校验和或CRC。
29.一种与一个或多个远端站一起在系统中使用的基站,该基站包括:
发射机,被安排向所述一个或多个远端站发送一个或多个选择指令,该一个或多个选择指令包含与一个或多个远端站中的标识或其它数据字段的一部分相匹配的数据字段;
接收机,被安排从远端站接收截断应答,该应答包含所述远端站的标识数据或其它数据但省略了由所述基站发送的部分;
计算装置,用于根据最初发送的数据字段和接收的截断应答数据来计算校验和或CRC;以及
比较器,用于比较计算的校验和或CRC与远端站发送的校验和或CRC。
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US7987405B2 (en) | 2011-07-26 |
US20090217144A1 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
CN1930814B (zh) | 2012-01-25 |
CN102185676B (zh) | 2015-01-14 |
DE112005000202T5 (de) | 2008-07-03 |
CN1930814A (zh) | 2007-03-14 |
GB0400968D0 (en) | 2004-02-18 |
GB2410161A (en) | 2005-07-20 |
WO2005069525A1 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
GB2410161B (en) | 2008-09-03 |
DE112005000202B4 (de) | 2023-11-09 |
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