CN102183799A - Self-recording instrument for ground surface evaporation amount of clay soil - Google Patents
Self-recording instrument for ground surface evaporation amount of clay soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102183799A CN102183799A CN2011100280210A CN201110028021A CN102183799A CN 102183799 A CN102183799 A CN 102183799A CN 2011100280210 A CN2011100280210 A CN 2011100280210A CN 201110028021 A CN201110028021 A CN 201110028021A CN 102183799 A CN102183799 A CN 102183799A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical fields of agroforestry and hydrological monitoring, and in particular relates to a self-recording instrument for ground surface evaporation amount of clay soil. The self-recording instrument comprises an evaporation pan system, a capillary tube connecting device, a soil temperature monitoring and electronic program controlling system, a data recording, storing and displaying system, an inner shell and an outer shell, wherein the evaporation pan system is connected with the capillary tube connecting device, and the evaporation pan system and the capillary tube connecting device are installed on the inner shell; the soil temperature monitoring and electronic program controlling system comprises an electronic program controller, a pressure sensor, two thermistors and two temperature sensors, wherein the electronic program controller is connected with the pressure sensor, the two thermistors and the two temperature sensors, the pressure sensor is positioned at the bottom in the outer shell, and the inner shell is arranged on the pressure sensor; and the electronic program controller is connected with the data recording, storing and displaying system. The self-recording instrument has advantages of simple structure and easiness in use, is suitable for all kinds of weather, can be used for continuously and accurately detecting the ground surface evaporation amount and can meet requirements of long-term outdoor locating monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture and forestry and hydrologic monitoring technical field, be specifically related to a kind of position monitor physical environment clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity, and the clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity self recording instrument of the energy real-time automatic recording ecologic environment factor.
Background technology
Ground surface evaporating capacity is the important factor of ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING, its concentrated expression the energy equilibrium and the Water Cycle process of ecologic environment, also be the leading indicator of water balance research.Because all multifactor reciprocal effect, ground surface evaporating capacity is one and is difficult to the accurately index of monitoring, at present in the surface weather observation system of standard, as yet not with this index as object of observation.Ground surface evaporating capacity often takes the method for half monitoring, half theoretical calculate to obtain in research practice, also can adopt the lysimeter method to record by the principle of water balance balanced of artificial moisture.So far, also do not have a kind of long-term open-air position monitor that is applicable to, directly measure the instrument of clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, easy to use, measurement result continuously, clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity self recording instrument reliably.The present invention can round-the-clockly measure ecologic environment clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity incessantly.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
A kind of clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity self recording instrument, it is characterized in that: it comprises the evaporating dish system, the kapillary connection device, soil moisture monitoring and electronic program control system, data recording stores display system, inner casing and shell; The evaporating dish system is connected with the kapillary connection device, and evaporating dish system and kapillary connection device are installed in inner casing; Soil moisture monitoring and electronic program control system comprise electronic program controller, pressure transducer, two thermistors and two temperature sensors, electronic program controller is connected with pressure transducer, two thermistors and two temperature sensors, pressure transducer is positioned at the shell inner bottom part, places inner casing above the pressure transducer; Electronic program controller stores display system with data recording and is connected.
The evaporating dish system comprises that the bottom is provided with the evaporating dish of through hole, and the evaporating dish bottom is provided with the moisture diffusion layer, is equipped with the original state soil layer above the moisture diffusion layer; The kapillary connection device comprises aqua storage tank, wick and lifting motor; Lifting motor is connected with electronic program controller, and lifting motor is placed on inner shell bottom, and the lifting motor top is provided with pallet, place aqua storage tank above the pallet, dress water in the aqua storage tank, the top of wick is positioned at the moisture diffusion layer of through hole top, and the bottom of wick places in the aqua storage tank water; First thermistor and first temperature sensor place original state soil layer top layer, and second thermistor and second temperature sensor place top layer, nature ground.
When the present invention uses, instrument is arranged at determined environment, there is the shell of inner casing and pressure transducer to be embedded in below ground in device, the surface of the original state soil layer of evaporating dish is equal with natural ground neat, evaporating dish has completely cut off getting in touch of interior soil of evaporating dish and extraneous soil, replaces the vertical translocation of kapillary to moisture by the kapillary connection device.When natural evaporation from land, the kapillary connection device can by the vertical upper and lower motion of lifting motor, be regulated the length of water delivery wick under the control of soil moisture monitoring and electronic program control system, it is consistent with the spontaneous evaporation surface humidity to reach artificial evaporation surface, thereby guarantees both evaporation capacity unanimities.
The present invention has come down to provide a kind of can simulate the miniature Weighing Lysimeter that the state of nature surface humidity changes automatically.Because directly to measure evaporation capacity from natural ground is very difficult, the present invention has designed the ground surface evaporating capacity that artificial evaporating dish system comes the indirect determination physical environment.Crucial technology is to make evaporating dish evaporation capacity and natural ground surface evaporating capacity continue to be consistent.Gain knowledge according to related physical, the theory that the present invention uses is, when and evaporitic environment identical with structure is consistent when the top layer physicochemical property on evaporating dish and natural ground, evaporating dish is identical with the natural ground identical then evaporation capacity of evaporation surface humidity, the identical then surface temperature of evaporation capacity is identical, both evaporation surface humidity identical identical with evaporation capacity be the foundation of structural design of the present invention, evaporation capacity identical identical with surface temperature be the foundation of structure control of the present invention.
The present invention has simple in structure, and is easy to use, is adapted to all-weather, can accurately measure characteristics such as ground surface evaporating capacity continuously, can satisfy the requirement of open-air long-term position monitor, is applicable to field monitoring ground surface evaporating capacities such as the agriculture and forestry and the hydrology.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention,
Fig. 2 is the graph of a relation of first, second thermistor of the present invention and bridge circuit.
Among the figure: 1-evaporating dish, 101-through hole, 2-original state soil layer, 3-moisture diffusion layer, 4-wick, 5-wick securing cover plate, 501-cover plate through hole, 6-aqua storage tank, 7-lifting motor, 8-waterline, 9-pressure transducer, 10-sensor base, 11-natural ground, 12-inner casing, 13-shell, 14-electronic program controller, 15-data recording reservoir, 16-data display equipment, 17-the first thermistor, 18-the second thermistor, 19-the first temperature sensor, 20-the second temperature sensor, 21-pallet, 22-filling pipe.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1:
A kind of clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity self recording instrument, it comprises the evaporating dish system, the kapillary connection device, soil moisture monitoring and electronic program control system, data recording stores display system, inner casing 12 and shell 13; The evaporating dish system is connected with the kapillary connection device, and evaporating dish system and kapillary connection device are installed in inner casing 12; Soil moisture monitoring and electronic program control system comprise electronic program controller 14, pressure transducer 9, two thermistors promptly first thermistor 17 be first temperature sensor 19 and second temperature sensor 20 with second thermistor 18, two temperature sensors, electronic program controller 14 and pressure transducer 9, two 17,18 and two temperature sensors 19,20 of thermistor are connected, pressure transducer 9 is positioned at shell 13 inner bottom parts, places inner casing 12 above the pressure transducer 9; Data recording stores display system and comprises data recording reservoir 15 and data display equipment 16, and electronic program controller 14 is connected with data recording reservoir 15, and data recording reservoir 15 is connected with data display equipment 16.The function of evaporating dish system provides an artificial evaporation surface, and the kapillary connection device plays and replaces the vertical translocation of kapillary to moisture.The effect of soil moisture monitoring and electronic program control system is to regulate the intensity that capillary replenishes, and keeps the evaporation surface humidity of evaporating dish to level off to the humidity of spontaneous evaporation face all the time.Data recording stores and display system plays record, preserve measurement result and monitoring instrument running status.
The evaporating dish system comprises that the bottom is provided with the evaporating dish 1 of through hole 101, and evaporating dish 1 bottom is provided with moisture diffusion layer 3, is equipped with original state soil layer 2 above the moisture diffusion layer 3; Moisture diffusion layer 3 is made of anticorrosive water-absorption fiber; Original state soil layer 2 is taken from test environment undisturbed soil, and the mechanical composition of original state soil layer, density and structure and test environment undisturbed soil remain unchanged, and moisture diffusion layer 3 original state soil layer 2 closely contact; The kapillary connection device be positioned at evaporating dish 1 under, the kapillary connection device comprises aqua storage tank 6, wick 4 and lifting motor 7; Lifting motor 7 is connected with electronic program controller 14, lifting motor 7 is placed on inner casing 12 bottoms, lifting motor 7 tops are provided with pallet 22, place aqua storage tank 6 above the pallet 22, lifting motor 7 place aqua storage tank 6 under, in the descending reciprocal vertical movement of control of soil moisture monitoring and electronic program control system, regulate the length of flooding of wick 1, thereby regulation and control aqua storage tank 6 is to the capillary water flow of original state soil layer 2.Dress water in the aqua storage tank 6, the top of wick 4 is positioned at the moisture diffusion layer 3 of through hole 101 tops, and the bottom of wick 4 places in aqua storage tank 6 water; First thermistor 17 and first temperature sensor 19 place original state soil layer 2 top layers, and second thermistor 18 and second temperature sensor 20 place 11 top layers, nature ground.
Wick 4 is made of anticorrosive water-absorption fiber, and wick 4 upper ends are provided with the head that expands, and the head that expands closely contacts with moisture diffusion layer 3, guarantees that kapillary is unimpeded; Aqua storage tank 6 is made of the noncorroding metal material, is provided with waterline 8 in the aqua storage tank 6.
In order to prevent that foreign matter from falling into aqua storage tank 6,, be provided with wick securing cover plate 5 above the port of aqua storage tank 6 as of the present invention perfect; Wick securing cover plate 5 is provided with the cover plate through hole 501 that passes through for wick 4 bottoms.Wick securing cover plate 5 is made by noncorroding metal.
In order to make 90 fens balances of pressure transducer firm, as of the present invention perfect, shell 13 bottoms are provided with sensor base 10, and pressure transducer 9 is arranged on above the sensor base 10.
Electronic program controller 14 is equipped with control circuit, and control circuit comprises bridge circuit, and referring to Fig. 2: first thermistor 17 and second thermistor 18 are connected in the bridge circuit, if two thermistors are identical, their impedance with temperature same the variation is taken place.Equate or do not wait system is carried out programmed control with the impedance of first thermistor and second thermistor as electric signal.The principle of control is: if the evaporation capacity of humidity, evaporating dish that the humidity of evaporating dish original state soil layer is lower than nature ground is during less than the evaporation capacity on natural ground, the temperature of evaporating dish is higher than nature ground, the impedance of first thermistor is higher than second thermistor, bridge circuit output positive signal, lifting motor moves upward, and shortens the vertical length of wick, has increased the length of flooding of wick, increase the magnitude of recruitment of capillary, improved the humidity of evaporating dish original state soil layer.Otherwise then bridge circuit is exported negative signal, and lifting motor moves downward, and increases the vertical length of wick, has shortened the length of flooding of wick, has reduced the magnitude of recruitment of capillary, reduces the humidity of evaporating dish original state soil layer.It is consistent up to the humidity on evaporating dish original state soil layer and natural ground to move and so forth.Identical when both humidity, when evaporation capacity is identical, both temperature are identical, impedance phase is with, bridge circuit output zero-signal, lifting motor keeps stationary state.
First temperature sensor 19 and second temperature sensor 20 are respectively applied for the temperature on monitoring original state soil layer 2 evaporation surfaces and natural ground 11.
The present invention is provided with filling pipe 14, filling pipe 14 passes shell 13, inner casing 12 and cover plate through hole 503 and rigidly fixes with shell 13, the water inlet of filling pipe 14 stretches out native face, filling pipe 14 water delivering orifices are positioned on the waterline 8, be provided with the gap between filling pipe 14 and inner casing 12 and the cover plate through hole 503, with them any contact and friction not taken place, guarantees the accuracy of weighing.When the waterline 8 of aqua storage tank 6 drops to extreme position, can add water by filling pipe 14, write down original weight simultaneously.
Shell 13 is cylindric, receives in suitable for reading, by the noncorroding metal material, is embedded in the soil, and its suitable for reading and natural ground is equal, makes the surface of original state soil layer of evaporating dish equal with natural ground together.
Claims (9)
1. clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity self recording instrument, it is characterized in that: it comprises the evaporating dish system, the kapillary connection device, soil moisture monitoring and electronic program control system, data recording stores display system, inner casing and shell; The evaporating dish system is connected with the kapillary connection device, and evaporating dish system and kapillary connection device are installed in inner casing; Soil moisture monitoring and electronic program control system comprise electronic program controller, pressure transducer, two thermistors and two temperature sensors, electronic program controller is connected with pressure transducer, two thermistors and two temperature sensors, pressure transducer is positioned at the shell inner bottom part, places inner casing above the pressure transducer; Electronic program controller stores display system with data recording and is connected.
2. a kind of clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity self recording instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the evaporating dish system comprises that the bottom is provided with the evaporating dish of through hole, and the evaporating dish bottom is provided with the moisture diffusion layer, is equipped with the original state soil layer above the moisture diffusion layer; The kapillary connection device comprises aqua storage tank, wick and lifting motor; Lifting motor is connected with electronic program controller, and lifting motor is placed on inner shell bottom, and the lifting motor top is provided with pallet, place aqua storage tank above the pallet, dress water in the aqua storage tank, the top of wick is positioned at the moisture diffusion layer of through hole top, and the bottom of wick places in the aqua storage tank water; First thermistor and first temperature sensor place original state soil layer top layer, and second thermistor and second temperature sensor place top layer, nature ground.
3. a kind of clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity self recording instrument according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: electronic program controller is equipped with control circuit, and control circuit comprises bridge circuit; First thermistor and second thermistor are connected in the bridge circuit.
4. a kind of clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity self recording instrument according to claim 2 is characterized in that: be provided with the wick securing cover plate above the port of aqua storage tank; The wick securing cover plate is provided with the cover plate through hole.
5. a kind of clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity self recording instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: moisture diffusion layer 3 original state soil layer 2 closely contact.
6. a kind of clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity self recording instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: shell 13 bottoms are provided with sensor base 10, and pressure transducer 9 is arranged on above the sensor base 10.
7. a kind of clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity self recording instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: filling pipe 14, filling pipe 14 passes shell 13, inner casing 12 and cover plate through hole 503 and rigidly fixes with shell 13, the water inlet of filling pipe 14 stretches out native face, filling pipe 14 water delivering orifices are positioned on the waterline 8, are provided with the gap between filling pipe 14 and inner casing 12 and the cover plate through hole 503.
8. according to any described a kind of clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity self recording instrument of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: shell 13 is cylindric, the interior receipts suitable for reading; Inner casing 12 outer walls and shell 13 inwalls are provided with the gap.
9. a kind of clayey soil ground surface evaporating capacity self recording instrument according to claim 8 is characterized in that: inner casing 12 is formed by weighing system with the inner casing 12 interior evaporating dish system kapillary connection devices of installing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100280210A CN102183799B (en) | 2011-01-26 | 2011-01-26 | Self-recording instrument for ground surface evaporation amount of clay soil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100280210A CN102183799B (en) | 2011-01-26 | 2011-01-26 | Self-recording instrument for ground surface evaporation amount of clay soil |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102183799A true CN102183799A (en) | 2011-09-14 |
| CN102183799B CN102183799B (en) | 2012-04-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2011100280210A Expired - Fee Related CN102183799B (en) | 2011-01-26 | 2011-01-26 | Self-recording instrument for ground surface evaporation amount of clay soil |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102645524A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-08-22 | 中国农业大学 | Soil water evaporation simulation device |
| CN103512609A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-01-15 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Method and device for measuring indoor evaporation capacity in real-time and on-line mode |
| CN109374468A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-02-22 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | A kind of greenhouse evaporation from water surface amount determining device, irrigation system and method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2692670Y (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-04-13 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Soil evaporation penetration apparatus |
| CN1945318A (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2007-04-11 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | Full automatic underground water constant level compensating evaporimeter-lysimeter |
| DE202009000642U1 (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2009-03-19 | Ums Gmbh | Lysimeter with a device for mechanical separation of the snow loading |
| DE202009000640U1 (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2009-03-19 | Ums Gmbh | Lysimeter with a device for mechanical separation of the snow loading |
-
2011
- 2011-01-26 CN CN2011100280210A patent/CN102183799B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2692670Y (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-04-13 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Soil evaporation penetration apparatus |
| CN1945318A (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2007-04-11 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | Full automatic underground water constant level compensating evaporimeter-lysimeter |
| DE202009000642U1 (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2009-03-19 | Ums Gmbh | Lysimeter with a device for mechanical separation of the snow loading |
| DE202009000640U1 (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2009-03-19 | Ums Gmbh | Lysimeter with a device for mechanical separation of the snow loading |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102645524A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-08-22 | 中国农业大学 | Soil water evaporation simulation device |
| CN102645524B (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2015-06-03 | 中国农业大学 | Soil water evaporation simulation device |
| CN103512609A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-01-15 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Method and device for measuring indoor evaporation capacity in real-time and on-line mode |
| CN109374468A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-02-22 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | A kind of greenhouse evaporation from water surface amount determining device, irrigation system and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN102183799B (en) | 2012-04-25 |
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Granted publication date: 20120425 Termination date: 20190126 |