CN102178344B - Method for reducing protein of cigar core leaves - Google Patents
Method for reducing protein of cigar core leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN102178344B CN102178344B CN201110123608A CN201110123608A CN102178344B CN 102178344 B CN102178344 B CN 102178344B CN 201110123608 A CN201110123608 A CN 201110123608A CN 201110123608 A CN201110123608 A CN 201110123608A CN 102178344 B CN102178344 B CN 102178344B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for reducing protein of cigar core leaves, in particular to a method for degrading the protein of core leaves by utilizing a protease preparation before the aired core leaves are produced by a formula to improve the quality of the core leaves. In the method, the core leaves which are watered for conditioning are fermented artificially by utilizing a combination preparation of one or more of proteases according to the optimum fermentation parameters, and are subjected to enzyme cutoff to obtain the core leaves of which the quality is improved. In the processed core leaves, the protein content is reduced, bitter and astringent tastes are reduced, the fragrant and sweet feeling is increased, the irritation is reduced, foreign flavors are removed substantially, and the agreeable aftertaste is improved. The method adopts a simple process, has high repeatability and is low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cigar tobacco production field and biological technical field, more precisely the core foliar spray is added the protease combination preparation to reduce the method for core leaf protein matter.
Background technology
Cigar tobacco has sugared nitrogen than the characteristics low, that protein content is high, often should not directly be used for after the natural ageing producing, and need further modulate, improve the tobacco leaf inside and outside quality through an artificial sweat.The core leaf is generally Top Leaves, and protein content is higher than the foreskin tobacco leaf, can produce the heavier stink as the burning feather when burning and sucking, and also can produce pungent, pained sensation simultaneously.Core leaf to getting into before prescription is produced carries out the artificial fermentation, applies protease, and protein macromolecule is degraded to nitrogenous little molecule and free materials such as amino acid; Simultaneously, in this hot and humid environment of artificial fermentation, follow the degraded of protein macromolecule; Cause the variation of other chemical composition in the core leaf; Reach the coordination tobacco leaf ingredient, improve the aesthetic quality, promote the purpose of quality of tobacco.
Utilize at present biological enzyme technology degraded tobacco leaf protein matter to concentrate on the cured tobacco leaf mostly both at home and abroad with the research that improves quality of tobacco, and less for this type of research of the cigar tobacco of the nearly flue-cured tobacco twice of protein content.Find through the retrieval related patent U.S. Patent No.: 1. Chinese patent notification number CN1757332 (200510045039.6) discloses a kind of treatment process for raw material of cigar; Promptly under the condition of suitable temperature and humidity; Carry out the cigar tobacco moisture regain of a period of time, shorten the alcoholization cycle, get into prescription production ahead of time.The method provides artificial fermentation's method of quick alcoholization, and tobacco leaf is jealous to play effect to refining to a certain extent, but this method does not solve the high characteristics of cigar tobacco protein content targetedly, so the quality of raw tobacco material does not obtain the improvement of essence; 2. Chinese patent publication number CN101125028 (200710050157.5) discloses a kind of method for alcoholizing of cigar tobacco; On the basis that adds favourable chemical substance to tobacco mellowing; Introduced bioactive enzyme; But the optimum condition of enzyme effect is not provided in this patent, and the optimum temperature, humidity and the time conditions that whether possess the enzyme effect are had an effect to enzyme most important.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is a kind of method that reduces cigar core leaf protein matter,, promote quality of tobacco to improve the aesthetic quality.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this: a kind of method that reduces cigar core leaf protein matter before finishing the back in the core leaf system of drying in the air, getting into prescription and produce, applies the protease combination preparation to reduce core leaf protein matter.
Above-mentioned protease combination preparation is by one or more soluble in water the processing in compound protease, acid protease, neutral proteinase and the alkali protease; The mass fraction that above-mentioned four kinds of enzymes account for water is respectively 0%～0.9%, 0%～3.9%, 0%～3.9%, 0%～0.9%.
Above-mentioned protease combination preparation is 5～30: 100 with the weight ratio of the consumption of the core leaf after getting damp again of pouring water.
Carry out the artificial fermentation again behind the above-mentioned core foliar spray enzyme, its technological parameter is 35 ℃～55 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 70%～90%, and time 4h～48h, the cut-off condition of enzyme is 70 ℃～100 ℃, 5min～30min.
Above-mentioned protease combination preparation is dissolved in by neutral proteinase and alkali protease and processes enzyme liquid in the water, and neutral proteinase and the alkali protease mass fraction in water is respectively 2.5% and 0.5%; Core leaf after the said system of drying in the air is after the moisture regain of pouring water, and core leaf final moisture reaches 25%; Above-mentioned enzyme liquid is sprayed on the core leaf after the moisture regain, and both weight ratios are 10: 100; The core leaf artificial fermentation condition of executing behind the enzyme is 45 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 85%, time 24h; After the fermentation ends, immediately at 90 ℃, 10min accomplishes ending of enzyme.
Above-mentioned protease combination preparation is by compound protease, neutral proteinase and the alkali protease enzyme liquid of processing soluble in water, and compound protease, neutral proteinase and the alkali protease mass fraction in water is respectively 0.3%, 1.8% and 0.4%; Core leaf after the said system of drying in the air is after the moisture regain of pouring water, and core leaf final moisture reaches 25%; Above-mentioned enzyme liquid is sprayed on the core leaf after the moisture regain, and both weight ratios are 15: 100; The core leaf artificial fermentation condition of executing behind the enzyme is 45 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 85%, time 12h; After the fermentation ends, immediately at 85 ℃, 15min accomplishes ending of enzyme.
Above-mentioned protease combination preparation is dissolved in by compound protease, acid protease, neutral proteinase and alkali protease and processes enzyme liquid in the water, and the mass fraction of above-mentioned four kinds of enzymes in water is respectively 0.15%, 1.2%, 2.0% and 0.25%; Core leaf after the said system of drying in the air is after the moisture regain of pouring water, and core leaf final moisture reaches 25%; Enzyme liquid is sprayed on the core leaf after the moisture regain, and both weight ratios are 12: 100; The core leaf artificial fermentation condition of executing behind the enzyme is 42 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 80%, time 48h; After the fermentation ends, immediately at 80 ℃, 20min accomplishes ending of enzyme.
The present invention handles the moisture regain of core leaf as the prerequisite that applies enzyme preparation, has both kept the cigar tobacco advantage to greatest extent, has reduced assorted smell, for the enzyme preparation molecule better contacts core leaf protein matter molecule condition is provided again; And this patent provides the optimum condition of protease combination preparation effect; Promptly reported best fermentation parameter, made the protease substrate of under optimum condition, degrading, thereby improve core leaf quality; And to this, prior art is not appeared in the newspapers.
Technical scheme of the present invention is based on following understanding completion: cigar tobacco is different with cured tobacco leaf; Modulated process is through the mode of the system of drying in the air but not baking, and therefore, the vigor of the protease in the core leaf, cellulase and peroxidase etc. does not completely lose; SMIS leaf of the present invention adopts the result of the pretreatment mode of moisture regain; Excited the not endogenous enzymes of passivation, made that the core leaf can be removed assorted gas in moisture regain this stage of processing, alcoholization is jealous, and under the effect of endogenous enzymes; Some chemical composition content changes, and to a certain extent advantageous effect is played in the raising of quality of tobacco; Sweat after the moisture regain has hot and humid characteristics, has an effect advantage is provided for adding protease.In the present invention; To the high characteristics of core leaf protein matter content, optionally add the protease combination preparation, confirm best fermentation parameter; Macromolecular protein degradation is become micromolecular nitrogen-containing compound and free amino acid etc.; Coordinate tobacco leaf ingredient, improve the aesthetic quality, promote quality of tobacco.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the pretreatment mode that utilizes cigar tobacco to pour water and get damp again, on the preliminary basis of improving of core leaf quality; Add protease combination enzyme preparation targetedly, carry out the artificial fermentation, consequently; Reduce core leaf protein matter content; Core leaf bitter taste reduces, sweet felling increases, excitant reduces, assorted flavor is significantly removed, pleasant impression improves, and has promoted core leaf quality preferably, sees table 1 and table 2.
Advantage of the present invention will further be set forth in the specific embodiment.
The variation of table 1 control samples and treatment samples routine chemical components
The sensory evaluating smoking of table 2 control samples and treatment samples changes
Can know that by table 1 water-soluble sugar all can't detect before and after handling, but the core leaf after the enzyme processing; Protein, total alkaloid, volatilization alkali, total nitrogen all reduce significantly; Coordinated core phyllody composition, and potassium chlorine has increased the flammability of core leaf than significantly rising.Can be known that by table 2 the core leaf after enzyme is handled has significantly improved the characteristics of cigar tobacco bitter, sugariness increases obviously; Score was brought up to 7 fens by 5 minutes; In addition, on odor characteristic, flue gas characteristic, mouthfeel characteristic, flammability and grey score, be improved, improved quality of tobacco preferably.In sum, utilize this protease combination preparation to the result that the core leaf carries out the artificial fermentation to be, core leaf protein matter content significantly reduces, and has coordinated core phyllody composition, has promoted core leaf aesthetic quality significantly.
This method technology is simple, good reproducibility, and cost is low.
The specific embodiment
The present invention utilizes the combination preparation of one or more protease, according to best fermentation parameter, the core leaf after the moisture regain is carried out the artificial fermentation, again ending of process enzyme, obtains the core leaf that quality improves.
Protease combination preparation of the present invention is that (letter (China) Bioisystech Co., Ltd of Novi provides commercially available compound protease; 1.5AU/g), (pattern ocean Bioisystech Co., Ltd provides acid protease; 50000U/g), (snow plum enzyme preparation Science and Technology Ltd. provides neutral proteinase; 50000U/g) and alkali protease (Novi letter (China) Bioisystech Co., Ltd provides; 2.4AU/g) one or more, they are dissolved in the water, and are can effectively the degrade all proportions of core leaf protein matter of the composition of its formation with the quality mass fraction of water.
Above-mentioned protease combination preparation is dissolved in processes enzyme liquid in the water, compound protease, acid, in, the alkali protease mass fraction that accounts for water is respectively 0～0.9%, 0～3.9%, 0～3.9%, 0～0.9%, subsequent use;
Handle the core leaf according to the following steps:
(1) adopt the pretreatment mode of pouring water and getting damp again, core leaf final moisture reaches 25%;
(2) weight ratio of the consumption of the core leaf after enzyme liquid and the moisture regain is 5: 100～30: 100;
(3) the core leaf of executing behind the enzyme carries out the artificial fermentation, 35 ℃～55 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 70%～90%, time 4～48h;
(4) after the artificial fermentation finishes, ending of enzyme immediately, 70 ℃～100 ℃, 5～30min.
Embodiment 1:
Protease combination enzyme preparation: the combination enzyme preparation that contains neutral proteinase and alkali protease.
The core leaf of the identical place of production and grade is divided into two parts, and portion is a control samples, and portion is handled according to following method.
The combination enzyme preparation that will contain neutral proteinase and alkali protease is dissolved in and processes enzyme liquid in the water, and neutral proteinase and the alkali protease mass fraction in water is respectively 2.5% and 0.5%.With the moisture regain of pouring water of core leaf, final moisture reaches 25%.Enzyme liquid is sprayed on the core leaf after the moisture regain, and both weight ratios are 10: 100.The core leaf artificial fermentation condition of executing behind the enzyme is 45 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 85%, time 24h.After the fermentation ends, immediately at 90 ℃, 10min accomplishes ending of enzyme.
Embodiment 2:
Protease combination enzyme preparation: the combination enzyme preparation that contains compound protease, neutral proteinase and alkali protease.
The core leaf of the identical place of production and grade is divided into two parts, and portion is a control samples, and portion is handled according to following method.
The combination enzyme preparation that will contain compound protease, neutral proteinase and alkali protease is dissolved in and processes enzyme liquid in the water, and the mass fraction of each protease in water is respectively 0.3%, 1.8% and 0.4%.With the moisture regain of pouring water of core leaf, final moisture reaches 25%.Enzyme liquid is sprayed on the core leaf after the moisture regain, and both weight ratios are 15: 100.The core leaf artificial fermentation condition of executing behind the enzyme is 45 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 85%, time 12h.After the fermentation ends, immediately at 85 ℃, 15min accomplishes ending of enzyme.
Embodiment 3:
Protease combination enzyme preparation: the combination enzyme preparation that contains compound protease, acid protease, neutral proteinase and alkali protease.
The core leaf of the identical place of production and grade is divided into two parts, and portion is a control samples, and portion is handled according to following method.
The combination enzyme preparation that will contain compound protease, acid protease, neutral proteinase and alkali protease is dissolved in and processes enzyme liquid in the water, and the mass fraction of each protease in water is respectively 0.15%, 1.2%, 2.0% and 0.25%.With the moisture regain of pouring water of core leaf, final moisture reaches 25%.Enzyme liquid is sprayed on the core leaf after the moisture regain, and both weight ratios are 12: 100.The core leaf artificial fermentation condition of executing behind the enzyme is 42 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 80%, time 48h.After the fermentation ends, immediately at 80 ℃, 20min accomplishes ending of enzyme.
Although above embodiment has been carried out detailed discussion to the present invention, other embodiment also is possible, therefore, and the description that should not be limited to embodiment in the disclosure to the essence and the scope of claim.
After the moisture regain of literary composition SMIS leaf, the percentage of moisture is percetage by weight in the core leaf.
Claims (4)
1. method that reduces cigar core leaf protein matter is characterized in that: before finishing the back in the core leaf system of drying in the air, getting into prescription and produce, apply the protease combination preparation to reduce core leaf protein matter;
Said protease combination preparation is by several kinds in compound protease, acid protease, neutral proteinase and the alkali protease soluble in water processing; The mass fraction that above-mentioned four kinds of enzymes account for water is respectively 0%～0.9%, 0%～3.9 %, 0%～3.9%, 0%～0.9%;
Said protease combination preparation is 5～30: 100 with the weight ratio of the consumption of the core leaf after getting damp again of pouring water;
Carry out the artificial fermentation again behind the said core foliar spray enzyme, its technological parameter is 35 ℃～55 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 70%～90%, and time 4h～48h, the cut-off condition of enzyme is 70 ℃～100 ℃, behind 5min～30min, accomplishes ending of enzyme.
2. a kind of method that reduces cigar core leaf protein matter according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said protease combination preparation is dissolved in by neutral proteinase and alkali protease and processes enzyme liquid in the water, and neutral proteinase and the alkali protease mass fraction in water is respectively 2.5% and 0.5%; Core leaf after the said system of drying in the air is after the moisture regain of pouring water, and final moisture reaches 25% in the core leaf; Above-mentioned enzyme liquid is sprayed on the core leaf after the moisture regain, and both weight ratios are 10: 100; The core leaf artificial fermentation condition of executing behind the enzyme is 45 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 85%, time 24h; After the fermentation ends, under 90 ℃ of conditions, keep accomplishing ending of enzyme behind the 10min immediately.
3. a kind of method that reduces cigar core leaf protein matter according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said protease combination preparation is by compound protease, neutral proteinase and the alkali protease enzyme liquid of processing soluble in water, and compound protease, neutral proteinase and the alkali protease mass fraction in water is respectively 0.3%, 1.8% and 0.4%; Core leaf after the said system of drying in the air is after the moisture regain of pouring water, and final moisture reaches 25% in the core leaf; Above-mentioned enzyme liquid is sprayed on the core leaf after the moisture regain, and both weight ratios are 15: 100; The core leaf artificial fermentation condition of executing behind the enzyme is 45 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 85%, time 12h; After the fermentation ends, under 85 ℃ of conditions, keep accomplishing ending of enzyme behind the 15min immediately.
4. a kind of method that reduces cigar core leaf protein matter according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said protease combination preparation is dissolved in by compound protease, acid protease, neutral proteinase and alkali protease and processes enzyme liquid in the water; The mass fraction of above-mentioned four kinds of enzymes in water is respectively 0.15%; 1.2%, 2.0% and 0.25%; Core leaf after the said system of drying in the air is after the moisture regain of pouring water, and final moisture reaches 25% in the core leaf; Enzyme liquid is sprayed on the core leaf after the moisture regain, and both weight ratios are 12: 100; The core leaf artificial fermentation condition of executing behind the enzyme is 42 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 80%, time 48h; After the fermentation ends, under 80 ℃ of conditions, keep accomplishing ending of enzyme behind the 20min immediately.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103120362B (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2015-02-04 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving combustibility of cigar tobacco leaves |
| CN104872813B (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2016-09-28 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Utilize the method that cellulase fermentations prepares cigar tobacco |
| CN104997157A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-10-28 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Application of flavourzyme for fermenting and upgrading a cigar |
| CN105054286B (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2017-01-11 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing cigar tobacco leaves by means of fermentation effect of compounded enzyme preparation |
| CN105029686B (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2017-01-25 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing cigar tobacco leaves by virtue of oxidase fermentation |
| CN105768199B (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-08-08 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of compound formulation for being used to accelerate tobacco mellowing |
| CN109554306B (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2022-04-19 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Compound preparation of protease and protein degrading bacteria and application of compound preparation in cigars |
| CN113729257B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-04-11 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Cigar tobacco leaf air-curing method |
| CN113892666B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-07-26 | 四川中烟工业有限责任公司 | Enzymolysis quality-improving treatment method for cigar core tobacco leaves |
| CN114403496B (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2023-03-28 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Synergist for improving combustibility and ash gray level of fermented cigar tobacco leaves and application method thereof |
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| CN101564201B (en) * | 2008-04-21 | 2013-05-22 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving quality of tobacco leaves by enzyme treatment in tobacco shred making processing technology |
| CN101940361B (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2012-09-19 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for extracting effective ingredient of tobacco leaf from waste tobacco |
| CN102018278B (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2013-04-03 | 华宝食用香精香料（上海）有限公司 | Method of reducing protein content in cut tobacco by enzymatic treatment |
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Address after: 610017 Jackie Chan Road, Chengdu economic and Technological Development Zone, Longquanyi District, Sichuan, China, No. 2, No. Applicant after: China Tobacco Chuanyu Industrial Co., Ltd. Address before: 610017 Jackie Chan Road, Chengdu economic and Technological Development Zone, Longquanyi District, Sichuan, China, No. 2, No. Applicant before: China Tobacco Chuanyu Industrial Corporation |
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Effective date of registration: 20170104 Address after: Nanping Nan'an District of Chongqing City Road 400060 No. 2 Patentee after: CHONGQING CHINA TOBACCO INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Patentee after: CHINA TOBACCO SICHUAN INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Address before: 610017 Jackie Chan Road, Chengdu economic and Technological Development Zone, Longquanyi District, Sichuan, China, No. 2, No. Patentee before: China Tobacco Chuanyu Industry Co., Ltd. |