CN102177807B - Rapid field planting method for hornwort - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid field planting method for hornworts as a submerged plant, belonging to the technical field of resource and environment engineering. The method comprises following steps of: 1, selecting furnishing hornworts (1), wherein each top end of the furnishing hornworts is 25 to 35 cm in length, and three to five top ends are in a bundle; 2, binding each bundle of hornworts (1) with a cloth strip (2); 3, connecting the cloth strip (2) with a small fixing bag (4), and immersing each bundle of hornworts to the bottom of the water; 4, sequentially connecting a plurality of hornworts (1), a plurality of fixing ropes (3) and a fixing rod (7) from up down in a row; and 5, connecting big fixing bags (5) to the two ends of the fixing rod (7). The invention has advantages of simpleness, low cost, obvious yield effect and capabilities of efficiently improving the water quality of the water body and enhancing the transparency of the water body, and is suitable for the recovering project of the diversity of aquatic vegetation and aquatic plants in lakes, or the ecological reconstruction project of an aquatic ecosystem of the lakes.

Description

The method of the quick field planting of hornwort

Technical field

The present invention relates to the resource and environment field of engineering technology, relate in particular to a kind of floatability submerged plant---the method for the quick field planting of hornwort.

Background technology

Current; Because China's polluted-water is problem ubiquities such as qualified discharge, forest cover destruction and water and soil loss aggravation not; Make the nitrogen and phosphorus load of receiving water bodies such as river, lake increase; Water transparency descends and the body eutrophication problem is given prominence to, and atrophy of aquatic vegetation area and the bio-diversity brought fall sharply, and the careless type-clear water attitude in lake more and more highlights to algae type-muddy water attitude conversion series ecological problem.

Submerged vegetation is one of lake aquatic ecosystem important component part, has important ecological significance aspect stable keeping aquatic ecosystem; It can not only be for Herbivore provides food source, protects the place for zooplankton and fish provide, and can also play to purify water and prevent effects such as sediments suspends again.Yet at present China overwhelming majority lakes are because the eutrophication aggravation, and water transparency sharply descends, and occur that multiple submerged plant disappears, the submerged vegetation area dwindles and vegetation and plant species unification and lake become the severe situation of secondary barren.Recover the aquatic vegetation in China lake, be considered to repair the eutrophic lake wetland, carry out the important means of lake ecological reparation and raising lake service function.Yet the exploiting species field planting method that the pioneer recovers kind chooses with the lake ecological reparation is one of technical barrier that is run in the ecological recovery technology.

Hornwort (Ceratophyllum demersum) perennial heavy this plant of pasture and water for suspending in water, plant corpus are from the seed sprouting to the maturation, and unrooted is grown thickly in freshwater, ditch, steady water river small stream, hot spring flowing water and reservoir usually.This plant growing is fast, and durability against pollution and regeneration capacity are strong, and how the modes with disconnected branch breeding enlarge population, is that the important foodstuffs of herbivorous fishes and palmipeds is originated, be the mesotrophy lake ecosystem build group species and important component.These species all have distribution on China northeast, North China, East China, Central China and southwest and other places.

Hornwort stem length can reach more than one meter, verticillate green wire leaf, and complete stool is sunken in the water, thereby growth is in close relations with illumination, and when water is too muddy, it is less to penetrate light in the water, and the hornwort growth is bad, but after water penetrates sunlight clearly, still can recover to grow.Under 2～3% light intensity, it is slower to grow; Under 5～10% the light intensity, growth is rapid, but strong illumination meeting makes hornwort dead.

Having property of hornwort and multiple breeding strategy such as asexual, 6～July of florescence, fruit 8～September of phase.Sink down into behind the fruit maturation at the bottom of the mud, dormancy is survived the winter.Early spring, seed was sprouted in mud, and upwards growth can reach the water surface.When temperature descended, the side shoot top stopped growing, intensive one-tenths of leaf leafage, and look deepens green, and cutin thickens, and accumulates nutrient such as starch, becomes a kind of special nutrition propagule-dormancy terminal bud.This moment, plant became fragile, and terminal bud is very easy to come off, and was sunken in the mud dormancy and survived the winter, and sprouted 1 year spring to be new strain.Hornwort can also branch breed, and any one section stem can growing.In vegetative period, the plant that fractures can develop into new strain at any time.

Summary of the invention

The method that the purpose of this invention is to provide the quick field planting of a kind of hornwort.This method has fixed function preferably to hornwort; Can be in the target water body quickness and high efficiency field planting suspension submerged plant, recover in conjunction with other submerged plants, can effectively improve the submerged vegetation species diversity; Improve the aquatic ecosystem structure, promote the ecosystem stable.

To achieve these goals, the method for the quick field planting of hornwort comprises the following steps:

1. hornwort is selected

Select eugonic hornwort (1) top 25～35cm/, 3～5 tops are a stranding;

2. use cloth (2) binding every stranding hornwort (1);

3. connect cloth (2) in static waters with little fixing bag (4), make every bundle of hornwort (1) be sunken to the bottom; Or the moving waters of laminar flow is in turn connected into a row up and down with some bundles of hornworts (1), plurality of fixed rope (3) and a dead lever (7) outside; Hornwort (1) with static line (3) will bundle is fixed on the dead lever (7), every connects big fixing bag (5) at a distance from 0.5 meter fixing a bundle hornwort at the two ends of dead lever (7), slowly is sunken to the bottom then;

Said little fixing bag (4) is selected 10cm * 10cm fishing net mesh bag or sack, and interior dress stone (6) fastens sack;

Said big fixing bag (5) is selected 25cm * 25cm fishing net mesh bag or sack, and interior dress stone (6) fastens sack;

Said dead lever (7) is chosen the long bamboo pole of 1.5～3m, and an aperture is bored at the every joint of bamboo pole place, makes the hollow water that is full of of the every joint of bamboo pole.

Operation principle of the present invention:

Be not more than at stormy waves under the situation of 0.5m, will select the waters and be divided into static relatively waters of nexine and the outer waters of flowing, the biological barrier of being made up of hornwort is constructed in the moving waters of laminar flow outside, effectively reduces stormy waves, guarantees that the nexine hornwort does not receive the effect of Wave power.The present invention adopts cloth binding hornwort, static line is fixed on the cloth again, has prevented that hornwort fractures in the binding process.The fishing net mesh bag that stone is equipped with in employing is as fixing bag, effectively increased the frictional force of fixing bag and water body substrate, and it is more firm that hornwort is fixed.Length through regulating static line is regulated hornwort at water depth, makes hornwort obtain rational illumination condition, promotes that hornwort grows fast.Through fixing many bundles of hornworts on dead lever, and the big fixing bag of stone is housed fixedly at the dead lever two ends, not only makes the floatability submerged plant can successful field planting, can also effectively reduce the effect of nexine stormy waves, promote the nexine ecosystem to stablize in certain fetch.

The present invention has advantage and good effect:

1, method is simple, and is with low cost, brings notable results;

2, can effectively improve water quality, improve water transparency;

4, be applicable to multifarious recovery engineering of lake aquatic vegetation and water plants thereof or lake aquatic ecosystem ecological restoration engineering.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the static waters of a nexine hornwort field planting sketch map;

Fig. 2 is the outer waters hornwort field planting sketch map that flows;

Fig. 3 is a hornwort water body field planting sketch map.

Among the figure:

The 1-hornwort;

The 2-cloth;

The 3-static line;

The little fixing bag of 4-;

The fixing greatly bag of 5-;

6-stone;

The 7-dead lever.

Embodiment

Specify below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:

One, hornwort field planting classification

1, static waters field planting

Like Fig. 1, select top 25～35cm/ of eugonic hornwort 1 individual, 3～5 tops are a bundle;

With every bundle of hornwort 1 of cloth 2 bindings;

Connect cloth 2 with little fixing bag 4, every bundle of hornwort 1 is sunk under water.

2, the outer waters field planting of flowing

Like Fig. 2, some hornwort 1,3 and dead levers 7 of plurality of fixed rope are in turn connected into a row up and down;

Connect big fixing bag 5 at the two ends of dead lever 7.

3, hornwort water body field planting

Like Fig. 3, choose the depth of water 1～3m, stormy waves less than the waters of 0.5m, long 20m, wide 20m as hornwort field planting waters.

The waters be will select and static relatively waters of nexine and the outer waters of flowing will be divided into.

Two, practical implementation details

1, hornwort is chosen and bundlees

Hornwort 1 is gathered in the vigorous and high waters of cover degree of the hornwort of rowing the boat growth, is loaded in the box that fills water, prevents that the hornwort dehydration is dead, takes back the hornwort field planting waters of choosing then.Select about eugonic hornwort top 25～35cm, 3～5 tops are a stranding.Cloth 2 about using width as 1cm adopts repeatedly looseness winding method binding hornwort, and the binding dynamics is moderate, to prevent that hornwort from fractureing or impaired being advisable.

2, fixing bag is made

Make the little fixing bag 4 of 10cm * 10cm with fishing net, and the big fixing bag 5 of 25cm * 25cm, load onto stone in the bag, fasten sack, make it play fixation at the bottom.

3, dead lever is made

Dead lever 7 is chosen the long bamboo pole of 1.5～3m, and an aperture is bored at the every joint of bamboo pole place, makes the hollow water that is full of of the every joint of bamboo pole, reduces bamboo pole buoyancy in water.

4, the outer waters hornwort field planting of flowing

Hornwort 1 with static line 3 will bundle is fixed on the dead lever 7, and is every at a distance from 0.5 meter fixing a bundle hornwort, and what stone fixedly was housed at dead lever 7 two ends fixes bags 5 greatly, slowly is sunken to the bottom then.In every waters at a distance from 0.5m, one of parallel placement is fixed with the dead lever 7 of hornwort 1 and big fixing bag 5, repeats 4～5 times.

5, the static waters of nexine hornwort field planting

With the fixing hornwort 1 that has bundled of an end of static line 3, the other end fixedly is equipped with the little fixing bag 4 of stone, at the field planting waters nexine of choosing, and every hornwort 1 that fixes at a distance from 0.5m input a bundle.

6, final-period management

Regularly this planting engineering is managed, salvaged dead residue of bubbling through the water column, the place that density is lower is reseeded.

Three, experiment situation

In the water body of ultra eutrophic Wuhan East Lake experiment enclosure 10,000 square meters, adopt this field planting method to repair hornwort and achieve success.

Hornwort can secrete the algae allelochemical, can effectively suppress the growth of bloom blue algae;

The hornwort durability against pollution is strong, and these species are nitrophile, and are strong to the nitrogen absorbing capacity, through regular results hornwort, can effectively reduce the nitrogen content in the water body.

Hornwort begins recovery early spring in basin, the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River, and the water space that captures suitable habitat is had the Time Niche advantage.

The above-mentioned characteristic of hornwort helps its quick breeding and diffusion, and this method can help hornwort to repair field planting fast in the water body in target, makes one of its pionner that can become the lake aquatic vegetation recovery.

Claims (1)

1. the method for the quick field planting of hornwort is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

1. hornwort is selected

Select eugonic hornwort (1) top 25～35cm/, 3～5 tops are a stranding;

2. use cloth (2) binding every stranding hornwort (1);

3. connect cloth (2) in static waters with little fixing bag (4), make every bundle of hornwort (1) be sunken to the bottom; Or the moving waters of laminar flow is in turn connected into a row up and down with some bundles of hornworts (1), plurality of fixed rope (3) and a dead lever (7) outside; Hornwort (1) with static line (3) will bundle is fixed on the dead lever (7), every connects big fixing bag (5) at a distance from 0.5 meter fixing a bundle hornwort at the two ends of dead lever (7), slowly is sunken to the bottom then;

Said little fixing bag (4) is selected 10cm * 10cm fishing net mesh bag or sack, and interior dress stone (6) fastens sack;

Said big fixing bag (5) is selected 25cm * 25cm fishing net mesh bag or sack, and interior dress stone (6) fastens sack;

Said dead lever (7) is chosen the long bamboo pole of 1.5～3m, and an aperture is bored at the every joint of bamboo pole place, makes the hollow water that is full of of the every joint of bamboo pole.

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