CN102173893A

CN102173893A - Method for preparing edible fungi substrate by utilizing waste bamboo shells

Info

Publication number: CN102173893A
Application number: CN2010106200855A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 石伟勇; 贾燕芳; 何延; 蒋玉根
Original assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Current assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Priority date: 2010-12-30
Filing date: 2010-12-30
Publication date: 2011-09-07

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing an edible fungi substrate by utilizing waste bamboo shells. The method comprises the following steps: mixing the following components in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of bamboo shells, 10-20 parts of wheat bran or rice bran, 5-10 parts of bean pulp or cotton seed cake or rape seed cake or peanut cake, 0.5-1 part of monopotassium phosphate or dipotassium phosphate and 1-2 parts of gypsum; composting for 4-5 weeks; and fully sterilizing matured material, and bagging to obtain the finished edible fungi substrate. The method is stable and reliable, solves environmental pollution problem caused by the waste bamboo shells, and diversifies the variety of the edible fungi substrate, realizes the efficient utilization of the bamboo shells and provides an effective way for farmers in bamboo-producing areas to increase economic income.

Description

A kind of method of utilizing waste bamboo shell to prepare edible mushrooms matrix

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural byproducts waste deep processing field, relate to a kind of utilize waste bamboo shell prepare edible fungus culturing matrix method.

Background technology

China is bamboo big country.At present, the bamboo annual value of production has reached 17,000,000,000 yuan, and bright bamboo shoot output reaches more than 2,000,000 t every year.The annual 3-5 month, the Yangtze valley and on the south 10 surplus a province (district) become important bamboo shoots export base as Sichuan, Fujian, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.The production of bamboo shoots income is the half of the country of bamboo grove income, also is the pillar of the economy of many hill farmers.At present there are bright bamboo shoot about 60% in China approximately as processing raw material, and a large amount of bamboo shoot shell wastes is also discarded thereupon, becomes the huge burden of local environment.The local agricultural wastes of the utilization of suiting measures to local conditions are carried out research of utilization, are the effective means that improves farming industry Sustainable development and increasing peasant income.Mierocrystalline cellulose and hemicellulose level are abundant in the bamboo shoot shell, are effective utilization of carbon source of edible mushrooms, and waste bamboo shell is carried out the research of edible mushrooms matrix and be yet there are no report.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to utilize waste bamboo shell prepare edible mushrooms matrix method.

What the present invention will solve is that existing waste bamboo shell is not only efficiently utilized, and brings environmental pollution problems.

The technical scheme that the present invention is adopted for achieving the above object is as follows:

1) raw material is prepared: preparing components by weight percent is 70-90 part bamboo shoot shell, 10-20 part wheat bran or rice bran, 5-10 part dregs of beans or cotton benevolence cake or rapeseed cake or peanut cake, 0.5-1 part potassium primary phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1-2 part gypsum; 2) preparation: the bamboo shoot shell is pulverized, carried out again that raw material is mixed, compost, pack sterilization, obtain bamboo shoot shell edible mushrooms matrix finished product at last.

Described bamboo shoot husk as raw material is bamboo shoots source mill waste bamboo shell or collects the bamboo shoot shell, is broken into granularity less than 2-3cm with pulverizer; The weight percent water content about 60% of bamboo shoot husk as raw material.

Described raw material is mixed for by said ratio bamboo shoot shell and each raw material are mixed; Wheat bran that adds or rice bran provide organic nitrogen source for cultivation (edible mushrooms) matrix; And dregs of beans, cotton benevolence cake, rapeseed cake, peanut cake auxiliary material be according to this ground cost of material, and reasonable disposition reduces cost, and has also improved the organotrophy of edible mushrooms matrix; Potassium primary phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, effectively P, the K of supplemental medium material; Gypsum is regulated material potential of hydrogen, supplement calcium, and produces heat in compost, is beneficial to the material fermentation starting.

Described compost is for controlling the mixture water yield at 60%-65%, and a compost in time carries out turning, and the heap that carries out 3-5 time turns over, and builds heap fermentation 4-5 week, makes its physics and nutrition proterties be more suitable for the needs that grow of hypha of edible fungus;

Described pack sterilization is for the pack of the bamboo shoot shell material behind compost, under 0.15MPa high pressure, 120 ℃ of sterilization 90-120min or condition of normal pressure, and 100 ℃ of sterilizations 8-10 hour.Make most of harmful microorganism and insect death in the substratum, improve yield stability.

Advantage of the present invention

1, all pollution-free in the bamboo shoot shell resource cultivating and growing process, be the reliable raw material of edible fungus culturing matrix.

2, be the cultivating in bag edible mushrooms with the waste bamboo shell, increased the edible fungus culturing matrix species, also provide the effective way that increases income to bamboo shoots processing producing region peasant.

3, not only solved the problem of environmental pollution that waste bamboo shell causes in the bamboo shoots processing, also made bamboo shoot shell resource regeneration, the comprehensive society of the realization of maximum possible, environment, economic benefit.

Embodiment

The present invention is further illustrated to closing specific embodiment below.

Embodiment 1

With 20 parts of wheat bran or rice bran, 5 parts of dregs of beans, 0.5 part of potassium primary phosphate, 1 part of gypsum, bamboo shoot shell after interpolation is pulverized again is to 100 parts of summations, and the weight percent water content about 60% of bamboo shoot husk as raw material mixes, the moisture of regulating compost material is about 65%, build heap after 4 weeks of fermentation, pack is under condition of normal pressure, sterilized 8 hours, and be edible fungus culture medium for 100 ℃.

Embodiment 2

With 15 parts of wheat bran or rice bran, 5 parts of rapeseed cakes, 1 part of potassium primary phosphate, 2 parts of gypsum, bamboo shoot shell after interpolation is pulverized again is to 100 parts of summations (according to water content 60% left and right sides bamboo shoot husk as raw material weight meter), mix, the moisture of regulating compost material is built heap after 5 weeks of fermentation, pack about 60%, at 0.15MPa high pressure, 120 ℃ of sterilization 90min, be edible fungus culture medium.

Embodiment 3

With 12 parts of rice brans, 8 parts of rapeseed cakes, 0.5 part of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1.5 part gypsum, bamboo shoot shell after interpolation is pulverized again is to 100 parts of summations, (according to water content 60% left and right sides bamboo shoot husk as raw material weight meter) mixes, and regulates compost material moisture 70%, build heap after 5 weeks of fermentation, pack at 0.15MPa high pressure, 120 ℃ of sterilization 90min, is edible fungus culture medium.

In the various embodiments described above, described each component is weight part.

The bamboo shoot shell edible fungus culture medium of method for preparing can be widely used in various edible mushroomss and cultivate in the production, has realized the recycle of waste bamboo shell and the exploitation of edible fungus culture medium, has the excellent popularization application potential.

Claims

One kind utilize waste bamboo shell prepare cultivation matrix method, it is characterized in that this method comprises the steps: 1) the raw material preparation: preparing components by weight percent is 70-90 part bamboo shoot shell, 10-20 part wheat bran or rice bran, 5-10 part dregs of beans or cotton benevolence cake or rapeseed cake or peanut cake, 0.5-1 part potassium primary phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1-2 part gypsum; 2) preparation: the bamboo shoot shell is pulverized, carried out again that raw material is mixed, compost, pack sterilization, obtain bamboo shoot shell edible mushrooms matrix finished product at last.
2. according to claim 1 utilize waste bamboo shell prepare cultivation matrix method, it is characterized in that the bamboo shoot shell is bamboo shoots source mill waste bamboo shell or collects the bamboo shoot shell, is broken into granularity less than 2-3cm with pulverizer; The weight percent water content about 60% of bamboo shoot husk as raw material.
3. according to claim 1 utilize waste bamboo shell prepare cultivation matrix method, it is characterized in that described raw material is mixed for by described proportioning bamboo shoot shell, wheat bran or rice bran, dregs of beans or cotton benevolence cake or rapeseed cake or peanut cake, potassium primary phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, gypsum being mixed.
4. according to claim 1 utilize waste bamboo shell prepare cultivation matrix method, it is characterized in that described compost mixes the back material water yield at 60%-65% for control, a compost in time carries out turning, the heap that carries out 3-5 time turns over, and builds heap and ferments 4-5 week.
5. according to claim 1 utilize waste bamboo shell prepare cultivation matrix method, it is characterized in that described pack sterilization is for packing the bamboo shoot shell material behind compost, at 0.15MPa high pressure, 120 ℃ of sterilization 90-120min, or under the condition of normal pressure, sterilized 8-10 hour for 100 ℃.