CN102164732A - 用于将薄膜的连接区域与联接件相焊接的装置以及用途、方法、设备和袋 - Google Patents

用于将薄膜的连接区域与联接件相焊接的装置以及用途、方法、设备和袋 Download PDF

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CN102164732A
CN102164732A CN2009801359432A CN200980135943A CN102164732A CN 102164732 A CN102164732 A CN 102164732A CN 2009801359432 A CN2009801359432 A CN 2009801359432A CN 200980135943 A CN200980135943 A CN 200980135943A CN 102164732 A CN102164732 A CN 102164732A
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film
join domain
prolongation
connector
shaping jig
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CN102164732B (zh
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R·格施温特纳
M·克莱因
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Kiefer AG
Kiefer Management LLC
Kiefel GmbH
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Kiefel GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/022Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping
    • B29C66/0222Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping without removal of material, e.g. cleaning by air blowing or using brushes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/343Making tension-free or wrinkle-free joints
    • B29C66/3432Making tension-free or wrinkle-free joints by holding the material loose or tension-free during joining
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/5326Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53261Enclosing tubular articles between substantially flat elements
    • B29C66/53262Enclosing spouts between the walls of bags, e.g. of medical bags
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8181General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81811General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B29C66/83221Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis cooperating reciprocating tools, each tool reciprocating along one axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/843Machines for making separate joints at the same time in different planes; Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • B29C66/8432Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31BMAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B70/00Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/024Thermal pre-treatments
    • B29C66/0242Heating, or preheating, e.g. drying
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81423General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being concave
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037Other properties
    • B29K2995/005Oriented
    • B29K2995/0051Oriented mono-axially
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7148Blood bags, medical bags
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
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    • B31B2155/002Flexible containers made from webs by joining superimposed webs, e.g. with separate bottom webs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
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    • B31B2160/00Shape of flexible containers
    • B31B2160/10Shape of flexible containers rectangular and flat, i.e. without structural provision for thickness of contents

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于将薄膜的连接区域与联接件相焊接、尤其地将两个薄膜与管状的联接件相焊接的方法。在传统的装置中存在这样的危险,即,陡的工具侧壁在薄膜和焊接中引起不受控的削弱。本发明设置成,以受控的方式在连接区域之外设置薄膜的延长,以使得薄膜具有长度储备。就此而言,此外还提出一种薄膜的用途、一种用于焊接的方法、一种用于生产袋的装置以及一种袋。

Description

用于将薄膜的连接区域与联接件相焊接的装置以及用途、方法、设备和袋
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于将薄膜(Folie)的连接区域与联接件相焊接的装置以及一种方法、一种薄膜的用途、一种用于生产袋的设备和一种以这种方式制成的袋。
背景技术
常常提出这样的目的,即,在工业的(gewerblich)生产设备中将薄膜或多个薄膜与联接件相焊接。
文件WO 2007/140 760 A2显示了非常通用的示例。在该文件中制造最终尤其地用作医疗产品的袋。为了制造在袋处所必需的流出件(Ausflussstück),在两个薄膜之间焊入管状的联接件。为此,将该管状的联接件布置在中心电极(Mandrene)处。薄膜平地布置在联接件之上和之下。然后,工具(Werkzeug)行进到薄膜处,在上工具和下工具继续碰触(Zusammenfahren)时,工具使薄膜在连接区域中以面的方式包围联接件,直至薄膜在该连接区域旁边彼此贴靠。之后,一方面在联接件和薄膜之间建立焊接连接,另一方面在连接区域以外在薄膜之间直接建立焊接连接。
在实际中,在焊接过程中常常并排布置两个或更多的中心电极。在这种情况中,存在多个连接区域,即,分别在薄膜和单独的管状的联接件之间,而在这些连接区域之间,直接地将薄膜相焊接以用于密封待制造的袋。
可理解的是,也可使用比仅仅两个薄膜更多的薄膜。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的为,改进现有的设备以及得到的产品。
根据本发明的第一方面,该目的通过用于将薄膜的连接区域与联接件相焊接的装置实现,其中,该装置具有用于在连接区域之内和/或之外延长薄膜的延长机构。
在概念上应解释的是,“连接区域”应理解为这样的区域,即,薄膜与联接件应在该区域中相连接。因此,“连接区域之外”可理解为这样的薄膜的区域,即,该区域不应与联接件相焊接,而是相反地在一个联接件时侧向地位于其旁边,或者在多个联接件时侧向地位于连接区域之间或者完全位于连接区域的旁边。相应地,“之内”可理解为这样的区域,即,在已焊接的状态中,该区域应与联接件接触。
薄膜的“延长”应理解为这样的机械作用,即,其应为薄膜提供长度储备以便在三维的联接件改变(Umformen)时,本身为二维的薄膜在没有明显的拉力的情况下可至少部分地从延长的区域中并且因此在任何时候不完全地从连接区域本身获得其必要的附加长度。
因此,本发明的知识点在于,在传统地处理薄膜时,焊接工具使薄膜包围联接件。这带来对薄膜强烈的机械作用,因为联接件一般为三维的,并且由此使薄膜包围联接件的展长(Abwicklung)。该展长通常比薄膜的最终位置之间的直接的平的连接路径长。因此,薄膜以强制的方式被延长。这在工业上建立薄膜和联接件之间的焊接连接时尤其适用,因为在此大多应用无端部薄膜幅面(Endlosfolienbahn)。在边缘处无端部薄膜幅面借助于合适的输送机构来保持,例如利用板牙链(Kluppenkette)、针链(Nadelkette)或利用夹钳进给器(Zangenvorschub)。不仅光滑的带追随(nachlaufen)变形部位,而且在边缘处保持幅面,这两种情况都阻碍薄膜的无应力的延长。因此,根据本发明者的研究,薄膜常常恰好在联接件(即,例如管状的小管)的陡的(steil)侧壁(Flanke)的区域中延长。因此,可导致薄膜的伸展,不良的焊接,薄膜的破碎,褶皱的形成,位于软管中的焊接区域,或者整体地导致焊接部附近的薄膜以及焊接部本身的非最优强度。
现本发明设置有延长机构,该延长机构例如在连接区域之外引起薄膜的延长。现在,当薄膜放置成包围联接件的展长时,薄膜可从薄膜的这样的区域中得到附加的需求的长度储备,即,该区域已由延长机构延长。
与该想法相似地,也可在连接区域之内或共同地在连接区域之内和之外维持该需求的长度储备。
结果出现明显更小的应力,并且在发明者的样机试验(Prototypenversuchen)中得到相当出色的焊接效果。
优选地,在通过工具(Werkzeugdurchlauf)时如此布置延长机构,即,使得延长机构时间上可在焊接之前引起薄膜的延长。在这种设计方案中,延长机构首先在选定的(designiert)延长区域之外使薄膜延长。紧接着才将薄膜放置成利用其连接区域包围联接件,即,例如由焊接工具利用工具侧壁按压薄膜包围联接件。在包围联接件的过程期间,薄膜从连接区域的侧边拉紧在准备阶段(Vorfeld)被延长的区域。
优选地,延长机构具有成型工具(Verformwerkzeug)。
原则上,可考虑用于延长机构的多种可能性。因此例如可想象的是,仅仅加热薄膜,直至其在自重或者在工具或者风扇的机械作用下延长。然而,这是很难精确地执行的过程。
因此,尤其地可想象这样的工具,即,该工具主动地将预定的变形引入到薄膜中。通过成型工具的造型(Formgebung),可以这种方式非常良好地影响薄膜的最终形状和延长的尺寸。
被视为尤其有利的是,成型工具设定成,可在薄膜中产生波形。波形的效果在于,薄膜至少相对于一侧从其原有的平面中变形,然而由于较平滑(weicher)的过渡不遭受弯折(Knick)或仅仅遭受轻微的弯折。此外,波形在其长度、波的数量或幅度上可相对容易地限定,并且可制造相应的工具。
备选地可想象多种其它的几何形状,例如锯齿形伸延
Figure BPA00001330065300041
从薄膜平面中的梯形偏转或矩形偏转。
也可想象的是,成型工具本身具有用于其造型的表面的成型机构。因此例如可想象的是,成型工具利用板条(Blechstreif)变形地作用在薄膜处,而该板条在背面在多个分散的点处固定在调整器处。由此,通过调整器的相对于彼此的调整和/或相对于薄膜的本来的平面的调整,不仅可调整准确的形状,而且例如也可根据尺寸非常精确地预定期望的延长,而不必更换工具。
当成型工具设定成在截面中以正弦形式在薄膜中产生波形时,可尤其容易地计算通过波形而获得的附加的长度。
换句话说,并且同样与所有的前述的本发明的想法无关,一般通过以下方式实现该目的,即,在薄膜的连接区域之外在薄膜中产生长度储备,具体而言,优选地借助于成型工具。
在本发明的优选的实施形式中,这种成型工具在薄膜中产生长度储备,该长度储备在薄膜的两个固定的点之间为至少连接区域的展长的一半。在理想情况中,该长度储备至少与连接区域的整个的展长一样大,其中,一半或全部的展长和原有的以弦的形式的直线连接之间的差已可为足够的。
在概念上应解释“连接区域的展长”,就此所指为这样的区间(Strecke)的长度,即,在薄膜包围联接件(具体而言利用其连接区域)的位置中,薄膜必须在截面中占据该区间。即,如果如在文件WO2007/140 760 A2中那样,从上方将一个薄膜朝向圆形的软管件焊接并且从下方将一个薄膜朝向圆形的软管件焊接,则用于上薄膜和下薄膜的展长是相同的,并且分别相应于待焊接的管件的周长的一半。在其它形状中可容易地想象,联接件之上和之下的薄膜的展长具有不同的长度。也可想象的是,在上方和/或在下方利用多个薄膜进行连接,例如当应制造多层的袋时。
根据在材料和薄膜强度
Figure BPA00001330065300051
方面对薄膜的选择可为适当的是,将薄膜的展长设定为不同的,因为外部的薄膜不仅必须包围联接件,此外还必须需要包围位于中间的内部的薄膜件。因此,可想象的是,使多个薄膜经受不同的延长。然而,在大多数情况中更为经济的是,利用一个延长机构延长两个薄膜。然而,在此也可将稍后的位置考虑在内,例如通过以下方式,即,在引入的波形中已经考虑稍后的两个薄膜包围联接件的弯曲。
为了可更容易地延长薄膜,提出如下建议,延长机构具有薄膜加热器。在大多数薄膜材料中这是明显地保护材料(werkstoffschonend)的,即,在进行延长之前或期间至少在连接区域之外的区域中进行薄膜的加热。
因此,例如可想象的是,延长机构具有辐射加热器和未被加热的成型工具。
然而,在发明者的试验中,在大多数情况中表明为有利的是,延长机构具有加热的成型工具。该成型工具可在一个工作步骤中夹紧薄膜、加热薄膜以及使薄膜变形,而否则,或者需要两个时间上相继实施的工作步骤,或者需要空间上在通向成型工具(im Zulauf zum Verformwerkzeug)的入口中布置的对薄膜的加热。
已经指出的是,装置可具有用于无端部薄膜带的输送机构。在本发明的合适的使用中,可不仅仅制造单次用品(Einzelnutze),而且同样可加工无端部薄膜带。
在延长机构相对于总之存在的焊接机构的布置方面可想象的是,既可将这两个机构布置在一个工位处,又可将其布置在独立的工位处。在一个工位处的布置方案通常使空间上紧凑的设备成为可能,而在多个独立的工位处的布置方案一般缩短通过设备的所需通过时间。
此外,在延长机构的布置方面已指出的是,优选地如此定位延长机构,即,取决于在一个工作过程中的且主要设置在一条几何的线上的联接件的数量,延长机构可在两个连接区域之间或在三个或更多的连接区域之间引起薄膜的延长。因此例如在文件WO2007/140 760 A2的情况中提出的那样,在袋处布置两个软管件。根据可能性,这需要借助于两个中心电极在工具处将两个小管同时焊入。因此,在这种情况中,延长机构应至少侧向地在两个选定的连接区域之外或在两个选定的连接区域之间作用。尤其优选的是,延长机构既在两个选定的连接区域之间又侧向地在该连接区域之外作用。
根据本发明的第二方面,该目的通过带有在连接区域之外的波形的薄膜的以用于将该连接区域与联接件相焊接的用途而实现。
本发明的这一想法基于以下认识,即,这样的薄膜可由供给器(Zulieferer)供给到设备中,该设备最终进行焊接。
然而,当然技术上更简单的是,使用平的无端部薄膜带,并且其在这样的设备中服从有目的的延长,即,该设备最终也进行焊接。
在袋的示例中可良好地看出,引入薄膜中的延长(例如波)常常不应存在于无端部薄膜带的整个长度上,而是仅仅存在于几个离散的部位处,例如仅仅在每个单次用品的垂直或平行于机器方向布置的条带形的区域处。
根据本发明的第三方面,所提出的目的通过用于将薄膜的连接区域与联接件相焊接的方法实现,其中,首先通过延长实现在连接区域之外的薄膜的长度储备,并且然后将连接区域与联接件相焊接,其中,优选地,同时将薄膜与另一薄膜相焊接。
以上已对该方法进行了解释。基本的方法想法为,首先建立长度储备。
如果在前置的步骤中根据计算方法在成型工具的造型轮廓方面选择、制造或调整成型工具,则该方法使在焊接的联接件方面的尤其高的产品质量成为可能。
在此,基本的想法为,对于不同的薄膜材料,但尤其地对于不同大小或不同数量的联接件,在薄膜中应提供不同的延长。一方面该延长可在延长的尺寸方面有所不同,另一方面可在延长的形状或位置方面有所不同。
为了将不同的延长引入到进入(zulaufend)的薄膜或薄膜单次用品中,可从工具组(Batterie)中挑选尽可能合适的工具,或者首先根据计算方法有目的地制造工具。因此,尤其地可想象的是,计算出所需的薄膜延长的这样的尺寸,即,为了以包围联接件的展长的方式按压薄膜,该尺寸是必须的。随后选择这样的工具,即,该工具尽可能准确地相应于该延长,或制造这样的工具,即该工具尽可能准确地提供该延长。备选地可想象的是,鉴于计算的或者反复实践得到的(iterativ herausgefunden)必要的延长调整成型工具,以使得利用相同的成型工具产生在幅度、波的形状或波的位置方面的不相同的延长成为可能。
可理解的是,以上描述的焊接装置的优点也适用于这样的整个的设备,即,该设备用于生产由两个或更多的薄膜和一个或多个焊入薄膜之间的管状的联接件制成的袋。
同样地,该优点直接继续对这样的袋有效,即,借助于以上描述的装置、借助于以上描述的用途、借助于以上描述的方法和/或借助于以上描述的设备,由至少两个薄膜和至少一个联接件制造该袋。
附图说明
下面参考附图根据实施例进一步解释本发明。其中:
图1相应地以透视图显示了在初始状态中的薄膜的单次用品,
图2显示了在成型工具中的图1的单次用品,
图3显示了在已变形的状态中的图1和2的单次用品,
图4显示了两个这样的单次用品和两个管状的联接件,
图5相应地示意性地以截面显示了根据现有技术的两个平的薄膜和两个管状的联接件,
图6显示了在工作状态中的图5的组件,以及
图7显示了两个变形的薄膜和两个管状的联接件。
具体实施方式
在图1,2,3,4和7中的单次用品1为薄膜条带(Folienstreifen)。在机器方向2上同样可存在无端部薄膜带。例如,单次用品1具有65mm的长度。因此,这相应于垂直于机器方向2的无端部带的理论宽度。
应明确指出的是,由机器方向2和延长的条带的取向组成的布置仅仅为易于显示的示例。
在实际中,通常更容易出现另外两种变型。一方面,其为在机器方向上输送的软管薄膜,而延长条带垂直于机器方向。另一方面,其为用于制造袋的薄膜层,在其中,延长条带布置成平行于机器方向,实际上常常沿着薄膜层的边缘。
为此,单次用品1设置成,在两个连接区域3,4中与管状的联接件5,6相焊接。
为此,一种用于将单次用品1与两个管状的联接件5,6以及另一薄膜(以另一单次用品7的形式)相焊接的设备在焊接工位处具有两个中心电极,即,棒状的电极和线电极。
在热焊接方法的情况中,可应用其它的焊接工具。尤其地可想象的是,联接件在无内芯的情况下可足够,并且以代替的方式从外部保持(例如夹持)联接件。
应将连接区域3,4分别与管状的联接件5,6的展长相焊接。具体地,应将单次用品1放置成利用其连接区域3,4如此地包围联接件5,6,即,单次用品1准确地围绕
Figure BPA00001330065300081
联接件5,6的周缘的上半部,相反地,另一单次用品7的连接区域围绕两个联接件5,6的下半部。
在连接区域之间(即,在最终状态中,在包围联接件5,6伸延的区域之间),应将单次用品1与另一单次用品7相焊接。
结果,除了以管状的联接件5,6的形式的两个通口外,在单次用品1和另一单次用品7之间得到密封的连接。
在生产设备的入口中布置有带有上工具11、下工具12及中间工具13的成型工具10,其中,中央工具13在带有孔15的中央支架14处载有用于上工具11的下配对部分16和用于下工具12的上配对部分17。孔15例如用于冷却剂或热的介质的通过,或者用于容纳布置成静止的加热件。
上工具11、中央工具13及下工具12形成直线。其布置成垂直于机器方向2(在加工无端部薄膜带时)或垂直于单次用品1和另一单次用品7。
成型工具10至少在中央工具13中、优选同样在上工具和下工具11,12中是可加热的。中央工具布置在单次用品1和另一单次用品7或相应的无端部薄膜带之间,上工具11布置在之上,下工具12布置在之下。可以力控制或路径控制的方式使上工具11和下工具12朝向中央工具13行进。
在该生产设备的运行中,即,在带有无端部薄膜带的连续运行中或者在带有单次用品1,7的非连续运行中,成型工具10布置成,空间上与焊接机构分离,并且在通过设备时时间上在前。
两个单次用品1,7被插入成型工具10中。加热中央工具13,并且优选地同样加热上工具和下工具11,12,并且紧接着上工具和下工具11,12朝向中央工具行进。在与单次用品1,7接触时,单次用品1,7同样被加热,并且因此可更轻易地变形。在选定的连接区域3,4之间,不仅上工具11的而且下工具12的和在中央工具13处的配对部分16,17的造型的表面具有多个波形18(示例性地指出)。
通过该波形的造型的表面,两个单次用品1,7获得这样的形状,即,即使在成型工具10分开行进后该形状也压印到薄膜中。由于单次用品1,7在边缘处固定,并且由于单次用品1,7同样在连接区域3,4的区域中尽可能地固定,因此单次用品1,7主要(不是唯一的)在三个延长区域19,20,21中通过机械的作用而延长。
在本发明者的样机的具体示例中,将褶皱(Ziehharmonika)压印到薄膜中使得每个单次用品1,7从65mm(初始状态)延长到74.63mm(已变形的状态)。
也就是说,实现薄膜延长9.63mm,具体而言,以带有波峰22(示例性地指出)和波谷23(示例性地指出)的波的形式。
因此,在本发明的思想中,成型工具10用作延长机构,并且成型工具10在延长区域19,20,21中并且因此在连接区域3,4以外使单次用品1,7延长。
在所示出的示例中,在成型工具10处造型的表面载有正弦形的峰部和谷部,从而在单次用品1,7的平的区域和波形的区域之间的该过渡部位24处,出现薄膜的弯折部。但是,这可容易地通过以下方式避免,即,从平的区域开始联接有这样的正弦形的区域,即,该区域位于正弦曲线的最大值处。因此,例如可想象的是,代替峰部22和谷部23,仅仅设置峰部。
显然也可想象的是,将任意其它的三角函数或任意其它的形状压印到薄膜中。然而有利的是,在成型工具10处的造型的表面在其伸延中可描述为解析的,因为那么可利用简单的手段解析地计算薄膜的延长,并且由此计算所获得的长度储备。
应提及的是,变形的区域(即波峰和波谷)不必直接地接近(heranreichen)连接区域3,4。换句话也就是说,变形区域19,20,21不必与在薄膜处的平的区域相同。相反地也可想象的是,在连接区域3,4的边界和变形区域19,20,21的起始部之间保留平的条带。
在该示例中,相对于每个连接区域3,4将变形对称地构建到单次用品1,7上:
因此,在每个连接区域3,4的每侧上分别存在带有波峰22和波谷23的波。单次用品1,7的这样的半部的波直接联接在镜像对称的中心30处,即,该半部相对于相邻的连接区域构建成对称的。因此,对于两个连接区域3,4一共存在四个分别带有波峰22和波谷23的波。
尤其地以这种方式保证了,每个连接区域3,4可与两个带有长度储备31,32,33的区域有关(zurückgreifen),并且,当以包围连接件的展长的方式按压连接区域3,4时,在两个小管之间并且在小管和边缘之间均不存在这样的区域,即,在该区域中薄膜不再具有长度余量(此外尤其地参看图7)。
相反地,在现有技术中,将以平的形式的上薄膜40和下薄膜41(见图5,6)引入到焊接工具42中。然后,上工具43和下工具47以压紧力F朝向彼此行进。在工具侧壁45(示例性地指出)处出现强烈的薄膜拉伸。薄膜不可均匀地向后滑动。因此,总是存在这样的危险,即,形成在强度或密封性方面的危险区域(kritische Bereiche)。
相反地,本发明通过均匀的、受控的延长在薄膜、管、薄膜区域中实现焊接的出人意料地良好的改进。

Claims (19)

1.一种用于将薄膜的连接区域与联接件相焊接的装置,其特征在于用于在所述连接区域之内和/或之外延长薄膜的延长机构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,在通过工具时如此布置所述延长机构,即,使得所述延长机构时间上可在焊接之前引起薄膜的延长。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征在于,所述延长机构具有成型工具。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述成型工具设定成,在薄膜中产生波形。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述成型工具设定成,产生正弦形式的波形。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述成型工具设定成,在薄膜中产生长度储备,所述长度储备在薄膜的两个固定的点之间至少为连接区域的展长的一半,尤其地为连接区域的整个的展长。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述延长机构具有薄膜加热器。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述延长机构具有未被加热的成型工具并且优选地具有辐射加热器。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述延长机构具有加热的成型工具。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置具有用于无端部薄膜带的输送机构或旋转台。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述延长机构和焊接机构布置在一个工位处。
12.根据权利要求11所述的装置,其特征在于,所述延长机构和所述焊接机构布置在组合的工具处。
13.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述延长机构和焊接机构布置在独立的工位处。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,如此布置所述延长机构,即,使得所述延长机构在两个连接区域之间引起薄膜的延长。
15.一种带有在连接区域之外的波形的薄膜的以用于将该连接区域与联接件相焊接的用途。
16.一种用于将薄膜的连接区域与联接件相焊接的方法,其特征在于,首先通过延长在所述连接区域之外实现薄膜的长度储备,并且然后才将所述连接区域与所述联接件相焊接。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,在前置的步骤中根据计算方法在成型工具的造型轮廓方面选择、制造或调整所述成型工具。
18.一种用于由两个薄膜和焊入薄膜之间的管状的联接件生产袋的设备,其特征在于,所述设备具有根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的焊接装置。
19.一种袋,借助于根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的装置、借助于根据权利要求15所述的用途、借助于根据权利要求16或17中任一项所述的方法和/或利用根据权利要求18所述的设备,由两个薄膜和联接件制造所述袋。
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