CN102160676A - 一种橡胶籽脱壳设备 - Google Patents

一种橡胶籽脱壳设备 Download PDF

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CN102160676A
CN102160676A CN2011100670207A CN201110067020A CN102160676A CN 102160676 A CN102160676 A CN 102160676A CN 2011100670207 A CN2011100670207 A CN 2011100670207A CN 201110067020 A CN201110067020 A CN 201110067020A CN 102160676 A CN102160676 A CN 102160676A
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Abstract

本发明是一种橡胶籽脫壳设备。由皮带斗式提升机、一级和二级分选筛、塔轮脱壳齿辊、搓板器、一次、二次风选机、曲柄机架、动力装置构成；皮带斗式提升机连接一级分选筛、一级分选筛下面是二级分选筛，二级分选筛下面是塔轮脱壳齿辊，塔轮脱壳齿辊下面是一次风选机，一次风选机下面是搓板器，搓板器下面是二次风选机，曲柄机架与二次风选机连接，塔轮脱壳齿辊和搓板器分别连接动力装置。该设备结构科学，脱壳率、整仁率高，极大的提高了机械化效率，运行成本低，生产环境清洁，操作简单方便，实用性強，能够满足工业化运用。

Description

一种橡胶籽脱壳设备
技术领域
本发明涉及机械设备技术领域，具体地说是一种橡胶籽脫壳设备。
背景技术
在现有技术中，专门用于橡胶籽脫壳设备尚未见使用和文献报导，实际生产中通常用下列几种代：
1、采用花生剝壳机来进行加工，由于橡胶籽壳质坚硬，花生剝壳机不是专门用来剝橡胶籽壳，因此搓辊、栅条凹板间磨损大效率低下，加工能力通常下降90%，无法进入工业化生产。
2、采用对辊剝壳机来进行加工，虽然能将橡胶籽壳破开，但是由于橡胶籽种类繁多外形大小不均，齿辊的间隙大则小颗粒橡胶籽尚未破开剝壳率低，齿辊的间隙小则大颗粒橡胶籽压碎后壳与新鲜仁粘连在一起吹走，造成壳中带仁比例升高，因此对辊剝壳机也不能应用橡胶籽脫壳的工业化生产。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决现有技术存在的问题，提供一种橡胶籽脫壳设备。
为达上述目的，本发明的技术方案是：橡胶籽脫壳设备由皮带斗式提升机、一级和二级分选筛、塔轮脱壳齿辊、搓板器、一次、二次风选机、曲柄机架、动力装置构成；皮带斗式提升机连接一级分选筛、一级分选筛下面是二级分选筛，二级分选筛下面是塔轮脱壳齿辊，塔轮脱壳齿辊下面是一次风选机，一次风选机下面是搓板器，搓板器下面是二次风选机，曲柄机架与二次风选机连接，塔轮脱壳齿辊和搓板器分别连接动力装置；其中：在一级分选筛和二级分选筛间设有导料板，导料板连接垂直挡板，塔轮脱壳齿辊由粗齿A、中齿B、细齿C三段齿辊构成，每段都由两辊间隙配合，三段齿辊间有垂直挡板，一级分选筛复盖至B、C段齿辊，二级分选筛复盖C段齿辊；搓板器由多个在径向均匀分布的搓辊与一弧形齿板构成，搓辊连接在一个中心轴上，中心轴连接动力装置。
所述的塔轮脱壳齿辊中，A段是一个大齿辊与一个小齿辊间隙配合，B段是两个大小相同的齿辊的间隙配合，C段是一个大齿辊与一个小齿辊间隙配合，A段的间隙大于，B段的间隙，B段的间隙大于C段的间隙。
搓板器中的由多个在径向均匀分布的搓辊通过连接杆与中心轴连接，弧形齿板的结构为：齿间间隙以中心轴轴向由小到大，左端小，右端大。
用筛选机将橡胶籽分选为大、中、小颗粒，分选后的橡胶籽按同一规格经橡胶隔离板进入塔轮脱壳齿辊内，在塔轮脱壳齿辊内经挤压、切割、搓捻后破碎成二至三辨，破碎后的橡胶籽仁及壳在重力作用下落入一次风选机内进行一次风选，将破碎后的中小粒度的壳吹走分离，余下的仁及部分壳中包仁的壳和大壳落入搓板器进行二次剝壳、二次风选，使剝壳后的橡胶籽仁中带壳率低于5%以下，分选后的橡胶籽壳壳中带仁率低于2%以下。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有显著的效果：
1、由于采用三级塔轮脱壳齿辊，能快速的夾破各规格橡胶籽坚硬的外壳而未破及橡胶籽仁衣，既解决了橡胶籽坚硬的外壳难破的问题，又不致于使壳仁在剝壳中发生粘连损失过大。
2、由于采用高速转动的搓辊与齿板搓捻运动彻底击碎橡胶籽，使壳、仁之间彻底分离，通过风选、比重分筛将壳、仁分离流出。
3、设备结构科学，脱壳率、整仁率高，运行成本低，生产环境清洁，操作简单方便，实用性強，能够满足工业化运用。
4、设备是连体组合，功效各一，充分发挥各机的特点，极大的提高了机械化效率。
附图说明
图1是本发明的橡胶籽脫壳设备结构示意图。
图2是图1中的D向视图。
图3是图1中的E-E剖面图。
图中，1―壳槽，2―曲柄机架，3―二次风选机，4―壳收集口，5―电动机，6―皮带斗式提升机，7―一级分选筛，8―挡板，9―二级分选筛，10―塔轮脱壳齿辊，11―风机口，12―一次风选机，13―电动机，14―搓板器，15―风机口，16―籽槽，17―导料板，18―搓辊，19―连接杆，20―中心轴，21―搓板。
具体实施方式
如图所示，本发明的橡胶籽脫壳设备由皮带斗式提升机6、一级和二级分选筛7、9、塔轮脱壳齿辊10、搓板器14、一次、二次风选机12、3、曲柄机架2和动力装置（电动机5、13）构成；皮带斗式提升机连接一级筛选机7、一级分选筛下面是二级分选筛9，二级分选筛下面是塔轮脱壳齿辊，塔轮脱壳齿辊下面是一次风选机12，一次风选机下面是搓板器，搓板器下面是二次风选机3，曲柄机架与二次风选机连接，塔轮脱壳齿辊和搓板器分别连接电动机5、13。其中：在一级分选筛和二级分选筛间设有导料板17，导料板连接垂直挡板8。塔轮脱壳齿辊由粗齿A、中齿B、细齿C三段齿辊构成，每段都由两辊间隙配合，三段齿辊间有垂直挡板，一级分选筛复盖至B、C段齿辊，二级分选筛复盖C段齿辊；搓板器14由多个在径向均匀分布的搓辊18与一弧形齿板21构成，搓辊通过连接杆19与中心轴20连接，中心轴连接电动机13，弧形齿板21的结构为：齿间间隙以中心轴轴向由小到大，左端小，右端大。
如图2所示，所述的塔轮脱壳齿辊中，A段是一个大齿辊与一个小齿辊间隙配合，B段是两个大小相同的齿辊的间隙配合，C段是一个大齿辊与一个小齿辊间隙配合，A段的间隙大于B段的间隙，B段的间隙大于C段的间隙。
由于橡胶籽壳质坚硬所以剝壳工序分二次进行，首先进行一次破碎，橡胶籽在塔轮齿辊脱壳机内经挤压、切割、搓捻后破碎成二至三辨，其破碎程度刚刚将橡胶籽壳挤破，尚未破及橡胶籽壳衣。经一次破碎的橡胶籽，其坚硬程度大大降低，再经过搓板机搓捻破碎，打开壳仁粘连，进一步进行破碎风选。
工作过程：
用新鲜橡胶籽能过皮带斗式提升机均匀的输送到一级分选筛上，将一级分选筛固定为25°角，新鲜橡胶籽自行滾动进入塔轮脱壳齿辊，同一规格橡胶籽进入同段齿辊内（各段齿辊用橡胶板隔开），新鲜橡胶籽在对辊的剪切、挤压下破开硬壳落入一次风选机，橡胶籽仁及大壳和壳中带仁的部份进入搓板器，高速转动的搓辊与齿板搓捻运动彻底打开橡胶籽的壳仁粘连，使壳、仁之间分离落入二次风选机，将壳、仁分离流出。

Claims (3)

1.一种橡胶籽脫壳设备，其特征在于由皮带斗式提升机、一级和二级分选筛、塔轮脱壳齿辊、搓板器、一次、二次风选机、曲柄机架、动力装置构成；皮带斗式提升机连接一级分选筛、一级分选筛下面是二级分选筛，二级分选筛下面是塔轮脱壳齿辊，塔轮脱壳齿辊下面是一次风选机，一次风选机下面是搓板器，搓板器下面是二次风选机，曲柄机架与二次风选机连接，塔轮脱壳齿辊和搓板器分别连接动力装置；其中：在一级分选筛和二级分选筛间设有导料板，导料板连接垂直挡板，塔轮脱壳齿辊由粗齿A、中齿B、细齿C三段齿辊构成，每段都由两辊间隙配合，三段齿辊间有垂直挡板，一级分选筛复盖至B、C段齿辊，二级分选筛复盖C段齿辊；搓板器由多个在径向均匀分布的搓辊与一弧形齿板构成，搓辊连接在一个中心轴上，中心轴连接动力装置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的橡胶籽脫壳设备，其特征在于所述的塔轮脱壳齿辊中，A段是一个大齿辊与一个小齿辊间隙配合，B段是两个大小相同的齿辊的间隙配合，C段是一个大齿辊与一个小齿辊间隙配合，A段的间隙大于，B段的间隙，B段的间隙大于C段的间隙。
3.根据权利要求1所述的橡胶籽脫壳设备，其特征在于所述的搓板器中的由多个在径向均匀分布的搓辊通过连接杆与中心轴连接，弧形齿板的结构为：齿间间隙以中心轴轴向由小到大，左端小，右端大。
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CN105462680A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-04-06 德化县祥山大果油茶有限公司 山茶油冷榨及分子蒸馏设备及制油方法

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CN105462680A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-04-06 德化县祥山大果油茶有限公司 山茶油冷榨及分子蒸馏设备及制油方法

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