CN102159393A - 用于木板的涂层和木板 - Google Patents

用于木板的涂层和木板 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102159393A
CN102159393A CN2009801370111A CN200980137011A CN102159393A CN 102159393 A CN102159393 A CN 102159393A CN 2009801370111 A CN2009801370111 A CN 2009801370111A CN 200980137011 A CN200980137011 A CN 200980137011A CN 102159393 A CN102159393 A CN 102159393A
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China
Prior art keywords
layer
coating
coupling agent
film
ground floor
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CN2009801370111A
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English (en)
Inventor
S·基祖伦
M·辛迪加
R·劳迪埃宁
M·布勃
J·汉努凯宁
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UPM Plywood Oy
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UPM Kymmene Wood Oy
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Publication of CN102159393A publication Critical patent/CN102159393A/zh
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    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于木板的涂层。根据本发明，涂层由至少三层形成，其为：第一层(1)由含有聚烯烃和偶联剂的膜形成，所述偶联剂与木材的-OH基团反应，形成自粘特性；第二层(2)选自信号层和装饰层；以及第三层(3)由含有聚烯烃和偶联剂的膜形成，所述偶联剂与木材的-OH基团反应，形成自粘特性，并且第二层安排在第一层和第三层之间，并且通过偶联剂将所述层连接在一起。此外，本发明涉及已经被所述涂层涂布的木板(4)。

Description

用于木板的涂层和木板
发明领域
本发明涉及如权利要求1的前序中所限定的用于木板的涂层和如权利要求15的前序中所限定的木板。
发明背景
从现有技术已知各种木板例如胶合板、单板或类似物。
从现有技术已知，在单独的加工阶段(working phase)将不同类型的粘合标签或产品说明胶合到木板表面上以提供产品信息。
同样已知的是，例如用聚氨酯或酚醛胶将涂层胶合到单板层上面。
此外，从现有技术已知不同的识别器与木板的连接。
从US 5243126、US 5654091、EP0782917、WO 9906210和EP 0429253中已知不同的木材面板和涂层。
发明目的
本发明的目的是公开一种新型涂层、其生产以及该涂层与木板的连接。此外，本发明的目的是公开偶联剂向活性形式的转化，用于形成涂层以及用于将该涂层连接到木板上。
发明内容
根据本发明的涂层和木板以权利要求书中所说明的为特征。
本发明是基于用于木板的涂层。根据本发明，所述涂层由至少三层形成，其为：第一层由含有聚烯烃和偶联剂的膜形成，所述偶联剂与木材的-OH基团反应，形成自粘特性；第二层选自信号层(signaling layer)和装饰层；以及第三层由含有聚烯烃和偶联剂的膜形成，所述偶联剂与木材的-OH基团反应，形成自粘特性；并且第二层安排在第一层和第三层之间，并且通过偶联剂将各层连接在一起。
本发明具体基于具有某些特性和结构的涂层。涂层的层通过偶联剂，例如通过马来酸酐聚烯烃充分地连接在一起，所述偶联剂优选通过酯化与木材的-OH基团反应，形成自粘特性。涂层材料作为涂层被用在木板上，并且优选涂层材料通过偶联剂安排在木板的表面上。优选地，涂层的第二层安排在第一层和第三层之间，提供受保护的第二层。
在该背景下，木板指任何木材面板产品、胶合板产品、复合材料产品、梁(beam)、压制面板产品或类似物，它们由许多层，优选单板层，并主要由木材基材料形成，其中所述层被彼此叠放并胶合在一起。此外，木板指任何木材产品或纤维产品。
在该背景下，单板层指任何材料层，通常指薄材料层。
第一层和第三层由膜组成。第一层和/或第三层的膜可以是单层、双层或三层膜。在一个实施方式中，膜可以包含3个以上膜层，例如3-10个膜层。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，膜的至少一层含有偶联剂。
在优选的实施方式中，包括偶联剂的层、膜或膜层也含有聚合物，例如聚乙烯或聚丙烯。
在一个实施方式中，膜优选是自粘膜。自粘膜通过与其它材料例如天然产品如木材或木材衍生产品中的-OH基团反应的偶联剂来提供。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，偶联剂选自：接枝硅烷、接枝异氰酸酯、接枝环氧基和马来酸酐聚烯烃，例如马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(MAPP)、马来酸酐接枝共聚物和马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯(MAPE)。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，偶联剂或偶联剂中的聚烯烃或含有偶联剂的膜接枝有含与聚烯烃反应的官能团的烷氧基硅烷。在一个实施方式中，聚烯烃接枝有可水解乙烯基-单-、-双-、或-三-烷氧基硅烷。在一个实施方式中，乙烯基基团可以被异氰酸酯-或环氧基团取代。烷氧基硅烷醇基团可以是甲基-、乙基-、丙基-或异丙基-基团，并且硅烷可以含有1、2或3个烷氧基基团。在制备偶联材料的过程中已经发生了聚烯烃与乙烯基或其它反应基团的反应，而通过硅烷基团与木材的反应发生在制备木板的过程中或之后。
优选偶联剂形成共价键、酯键和/或通过与纤维素-OH基团酯化形成共价键。在一个实施方式中，偶联剂通过与纤维素-OH基团酯化形成共价键。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，在偶联材料制备过程中，偶联剂在大于180℃的温度下被活化。偶联材料可以通过共挤出进行制备。其它挤出方法也是可以的。挤出温度在180-200℃之间。在优选的实施方式中，应用了200℃的挤出熔化温度2分钟，这2分钟是足以将偶联剂转化成反应形式的时间。形成的偶联剂含有能够与木材中的-OH基团形成最大量共价键和/或酯键的活化官能团。聚烯烃的熔体指数为≤4g/10min(于190℃/2.16kg下测量)，这使在膜形式中反应基团的活化成为可能。
在本发明优选的实施方式中，通过马来酸酐聚烯烃将各层连接在一起。马来酸酐形成共价键，优选通过与纤维素-OH基团酯化形成共价键。
优选在膜制备过程中马来酸被转化成马来酸酐。可以通过通过共挤出聚烯烃和马来酸酐接枝聚烯烃来制备所述膜。其它挤出方法也是可以的。挤出温度在180-200℃之间。在涂层方法的优选实施方式中，应用了200℃的挤出熔化温度2分钟，这2分钟是足以将偶联剂由马来酸转化成马来酸酐的时间。形成的膜含有能够与材料中的-OH基团形成最大量共价键的活化官能团。在一个实施方式中，在含有马来酸酐聚烯烃的膜或膜层中，马来酸酐转化多于86％，而未转化的马来酸转化少于14％。在一个优选的实施方式中，马来酸酐转化多于92％，而未转化的马来酸转化少于8％。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，第一层是保护层，优选具有超过170℃的熔点。优选表面层的熔点超过170℃，以便其自己从压制板剥离。优选第一层为其它层提供保护。在一个实施方式中，用硅烷化合物处理保护层，以使表面防水。在一个实施方式中，可以用防紫外线化学品处理保护层。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，第一层含有聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、偶联剂例如马来酸酐聚乙烯(MAPE)或马来酸酐聚丙烯(MAPP)、聚酰胺(PA)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(PEN)、聚苯乙烯(PS)或茂金属产生的聚乙烯(TIE)、其衍生物或其组合。第一层可以包括添加剂、填料和交联材料。在优选的实施方式中，TIE-材料包括马来酸聚烯烃。
第一层——优选保护层——的外表面或外膜层可以由例如聚酰胺(PA)、聚酰亚胺、聚苯醚、聚砜和/或聚苯撑硫用或不用填料制成。在一个实施方式中，保护层的组成可以是PP/TIE/PE+MAPE、PA/TIE/PE+MAPE或PET/TIE/PE+MAPE。连接材料(tie material)是将不同的聚合物结合在一起的增容剂。该层的目的是增强表面特性，例如抗划伤性、抗冲击性、可印性、硬度和/或耐磨性。
在优选的实施方式中，第一层或至少第一层的一个膜层含有偶联剂。在一个实施方式中，第一层的外膜层含有偶联剂。在一个实施方式中，至少最接近第二层的第一层的膜层含有偶联剂。
在一个实施方式中，第三层是底层。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，第三层含有聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、偶联剂，例如马来酸酐聚乙烯(MAPE)或马来酸酐聚丙烯(MAPP)、茂金属产生的聚乙烯(TIE)、其衍生物或其组合。
在优选的实施方式中，第三层或至少第三层的一个膜层含有偶联剂。在一个实施方式中，第三层的外膜层含有偶联剂。在一个实施方式中，至少最接近第二层的第三层的膜层含有偶联剂。
在一个实施方式中，包括马来酸酐聚烯烃的第一层或第三层的膜层主要由MAPE+PE或MAPP+PP组成。在一个实施方式中，第一层和/或第三层可以由膜层MAPE+PE/PE/MAPE+PE或MAPP+PP/PP/MAPP+PP形成，其中马来酸酐聚烯烃膜层安排成膜的外膜层。在一个实施方式中，第三层由膜层MAPE+PE/MAPE+PE/MAPE+PE或MAPP+PP/MAPP+PP/MAPP+PP形成，其中马来酸聚烯烃被包括在所有膜层中。在一个实施方式中，膜含有2-15％w/w马来酸酐。
在一个实施方式中，第一层或第三层的所有膜层均由热塑性材料形成。
第一层、第二层和/或第三层可以由石油化学原材料和可再生原材料制成。除生物塑料材料外，可以优选使用具有超过180℃或超过190℃处理温度的生物基聚合物(bio-based polymer)。
在一个实施方式中，第一层和/或第三层的所有膜层基本上由相同的材料形成。在可选的实施方式中，至少所述层的一个膜层由不同于其它膜层的材料形成。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，第二层含有选自下列的材料：纸、编织或非编织布料、织物材料、其衍生物或其组合。第二层可以包括任意类型的多孔材料。在一个实施方式中，多孔材料可以由薄纸(tissue paper)或其它多孔纸形成。
在一个实施方式中，第二层含有聚烯烃，例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯或其组合。在一个实施方式中，第二层含有偶联剂，例如MAPE或MAPP。在一个实施方式中，第二层以膜的形式安排。
在一个实施方式中，第二层包含聚烯烃或一些其它能与第一层或第三层的偶联剂结合并反应的材料。
在优选的实施方式中，第一层和第三层渗透到，优选完全地渗透到多孔第二层中，形成防水复合层压板。
在一个实施方式中，信号材料基本上与信号层的膜安排在一起。在一个实施方式中，第二层含有装饰膜或装饰膜层。
在一个实施方式中，信号层包含RFID-识别器。在一个实施方式中，RFID-识别器具有RFID识别电路。RFID-识别器可以是例如RFID转发器、RFID嵌体等。RFID识别器可以包含传感器。
在一个实施方式中，信号层包含受保护的条形码指示器。
在一个实施方式中，信号层包含化学指示器，例如pH或CO指示器，或者指示空气中化学污染的警示器。
在一个实施方式中，信号层包含数字材料，例如电子纸(epaper)。
第二层或至少第二层的一个膜层可以被印刷、涂漆和/或着色。第二层或其膜层可以用不透明颜料、彩色颜料和/或荧光颜料着色。第二层可以包括不同的文字、数字、图案和/或说明。
通过第二层的材料例如通过纤维布，第一层或保护层的特性可以被改进。当第二层为纸时，多孔低强度和高强度纸适用于户外使用，因为纸被防潮密封。更高强度致密纸用于室内使用。
在一个实施方式中，第二层可以被预先处理或涂底漆(prime)，以增强其与偶联剂，优选与马来酸酐基团的相容性。
涂层的层厚度可以根据膜材料或材料的特性以及木板的应用而变化。
相容性试剂可以被加入到任意层中，以使不同的聚合物彼此粘附。
此外，本发明是基于木板，所述木板已经被如上所限定的根据本发明的涂层涂布。
根据本发明的木板可以包含不同厚度的单板层。单板层的厚度可以变化。单板层可以安排在期望的位置，即以期望的顺序交叉地或纵向地安排。
可以使用本身已知的设备和方法制作木板。叠放单板、将它们连接在一起以及制作木板过程中的其它常规步骤可以以本领域本身已知的任何方式进行。
将本发明的涂层安排在木板表面上可以如下进行：例如使用热压技术、挤出技术、膜技术、辊涂布技术(roll application technique)、筒涂布技术(cylinder application technique)、涂层和多层涂层涂布技术、所有本身已知的技术、其组合或相应的技术。例如使用热压技术可以将单板连接在一起。
在一个实施方式中，通过包含偶联剂例如马来酸酐聚烯烃的膜，或通过胶例如酚醛胶，将涂层粘附到木板上。偶联剂容易作为胶层来使用。在木材上的粘合极好。
在木板上最接近涂层的层是底层。在优选的实施方式中，木板上最近底层的膜层是包括偶联剂的自粘膜。
在一个实施方式中，涂层可以被预层压，以使处理更容易和更经济。
可以用印刷品(printed material)装饰木板，或者印刷品可以用作木板上的信号层、着色层或含文字层。信号层可以以正常方式看见，或者其可以是荧光的或仅在紫外线照射时是可见的。信号层也可以根据温度变化改变颜色。
信号层可以包含与温度或与化学品组合的彩色或可视印刷，用于警示人们危险的化学品。
本发明的涂层为不同的木板提供保护表面和防潮表面。涂层起湿气屏障材料的作用。
此外，期望的图案可以提供在涂层和木板上。
由于本发明的涂层安排在木板表面上，被涂布的木板表面易于清洁并保持干净。
根据本发明的涂层和木板适于各种应用。这些类型的产品可以用作装饰面板、信号路标、建筑位置标记和踢水板以及其它应用。
附图说明
下面，参考附图1和2，通过详细的实施方式对本发明进行描述，其中
图1显示了根据本发明的涂层；
图2显示了用于制作根据本发明的涂层和木板的方法；
图3显示了根据本发明的胶合板上的层压涂层结构；和
图4显示了ATR光谱学结果。
发明详述
图1和3公开了本发明的涂层结构。
顶层(1)由PE/PE/MAPE+PE、PE/MAPE+PE/MAPE+PE、MAPE+PE/MAPE+PE/MAPE+PE、PP/PP/MAPP+PP、PP/MAPP+PP/MAPP+PP、MAPP+PP/MAPP+PP/MAPP+PP、PP/TIE/MAPE+PE、PET/PE+MAPE/MAPE+PE、PET/TIE/MAPE+PE、PA/PE+MAPE/MAPE+PE或PA/TIE/MAPE+PE形成，包括添加剂和填料。顶层由共挤出的3层膜形成。顶层的厚度为0.05-1mm。顶层为保护层。
信号层(2)由PE、PP、纸、布料(编织或非编织)、RFID、装饰材料或其组合形成。信号层的材料可以被印刷、涂漆或着色。
底层(3)由MAPE+PE/PE/MAPE+PE、MAPE+PE/MAPE+PE/MAPE+PE、MAPP+PP/PP/MAPP+PP或MAPP+PP/MAPP+PP/MAPP+PP形成，包括添加剂和填料。底层由3层膜形成。底层的厚度为0.1-1mm。底层为自粘层。至少底层的一个膜层可以被着色或印刷。
信号层夹在顶层和底层之间。
此外，用于测试的涂层和木板可以根据图2进行制备。
木板(4)为胶合板、刨花板、高密度或中等密度纤维板或一些其它含有木材或其它植物纤维的压制的和胶合的板。
如果信号层不是聚烯烃层，其必须如此稀疏以至于顶层足够的熔融聚合物材料能与底层结合，或其必须与马来酸基团反应。此处的聚烯烃为聚乙烯(PE)或聚丙烯(PP)。也可以使用马来酸聚烯烃(MAPE或MAPP)，以便顶层的组成为PE/PE/PE+MAPE或PP/PP/PE+MAPE或PP/TIE/PE+MAPE。当不同的聚合物被共挤出时，信号层中需要增容剂材料来结合不同的材料。该层通常称为连接层。
马来酸聚烯烃通常含有聚烯烃量的2-15％的马来酸。在挤出时，马来酸部分或全部转化成马来酸酐。如果其在任何情况下都提高产品的使用，聚合物膜也可以是可交联的。马来酸膜于120-170℃温度下被压制到木材表面以及其它膜和层上。为了包括塑料熔体流动，热压温度被设置为高于聚合物融化温度20-50℃很重要。顶层可以通过乙烯基-硅烷水解方法或电子束(EB)照射而交联。具有与基础聚合物(base polymer)接近相同折射率或粒度＜150nm的添加剂和填料可以用于提高抗划伤性。
实施例1
在该实施例中，制备用于测试的本发明涂层。保护性顶层(1)为PE/PE/PE+2％MAPE(0.27mm)以及自粘底层(3)为2％MAPE+PE/PE/PE+2％MAPE(0.1mm)。使用表1中所公开的信号层(2)。信号层安排在顶层和底层之间。
此外，制备测试中用作木板(4)的15mm胶合板。
实验结果显示在表1中。表1公开了粘接到砂磨胶合板的织物信号涂层的粘合强度和煮沸试验结果。
通过热压以本身已知的方式将涂层安排在胶合板表面上。
表1
从测试中发现，本发明的保护涂层是适用于制作木板的涂层。
实施例2
通过剪切试验(EN319和EN 204)测试涂层的粘合性。除了干燥样品外，在均热处理(soaking)和煮沸之后进行测量。表2显示了不同类型印刷涂层的剪切试验结果。表2公开了经剪切试验(EN319和EN 204)的桦木胶合板涂层的粘合特性。聚乙烯的熔体指数为MI-0.3g/10min(190℃/2.16kg)。偶联剂为Fusabond MB-226DE(MAPE)。压制条件为：温度135℃，压力1.8N/mm2以及时间4分钟。在所有情况下均应用三层(图3)。图3公开了胶合板(4)上的层压涂层结构。顶层(1)总是3层膜PE/PE/PE+2％MAPE(0.1mm)以及底层(3)总是3层膜2％MAPE+PE/PE/PE+2％MAPE(0.27mm)，但中间层(2)是变化的。中间层已经由纸、织物、编织和非编织材料形成。中间层限定于表2中。在几乎所有情况下，断裂都是在木材中。在少数情况下，尤其在煮沸后，断裂是在涂层和木材之间。仅有一个其中断裂是在涂层本身中的涂层。因此，塑料夹层允许廉价的材料如薄纸和非编织材料印刷在上面，然后安全地保护其免受环境影响。
表2
*P/W：涂层和木材之间断裂
从试验中发现，本发明的涂层是适用于制作木板的涂层。
实施例3
通过剪切试验(EN319和EN 204)，测试涂层的粘合性、耐水煮性(water boil proof)和耐钙煮性(calcium boil proof)以及抗划伤性。在煮沸后进行测量。表3显示了表3中所述的不同类型的信号织物材料的剪切试验结果。表3公开了经剪切试验(EN319和EN 204)的桦木胶合板涂层粘合特性。聚乙烯的熔体指数为MI-0.3g/10min(190℃/2.16kg)。偶联剂为Fusabond MB-226DE(MAPE)。压制条件为：温度135℃，压力1.8N/mm2以及时间4分钟。在所有情况下均应用三层(图3)。顶层(1)总是3层膜PE/PE/PE+2％MAPE(0.1mm)以及底层(3)总是3层膜2％MAPE+PE/PE/PE+2％MAPE(0.27mm)，但中间层(2)是变化的。信号层(2)限定于表3中。在所有情况下，断裂都是在在木材中。所有涂层均通过煮沸试验。塑料夹层允许廉价的材料印刷在上面，然后安全地保护其免受环境影响。
表3
Figure BPA00001331363600081
表4公开了桦木胶合板涂层耐水煮性和耐钙煮性试验。
表4
 中间层   水煮沸试验  CaOH2煮沸试验
 无纸   通过   通过
 玻璃纤维SAC 50/2   通过   通过
 聚酯Spunpond(120g/m2)   通过   通过
 土工织物(120g/m2)   通过   通过
 Ahlstrom纸   通过   通过
 Ahlstrom纸(lam.first)   通过   通过
 印刷的Mape 0,27+2％Mape 0,27**)   通过   通过
 无孔影印纸(80g/m2)   失败   失败
从表4可知，涂层是耐煮的。CaOH2煮沸试验结果非常重要，尤其是如果涂层将用于混凝土应用的模板中。
表5公开了桦木胶合板涂层的抗划伤性(ISO 4578，SFS-EN204)。聚乙烯的熔体指数为MI-0.3g/10min(190℃/2.16kg)。偶联剂为Fusabond MB-226DE(MAPE)。压制条件为：温度135℃，压力1.8N/mm2以及时间4分钟。底层(3)的结构总是2％MAPE+PE/PE/PE+2％MAPE(0.27mm)。中间层(2)总是纸以及顶层(1)限定于表5中。
表5
Figure BPA00001331363600091
MI为聚合物的熔体指数。它是熔体粘度的度量，但它是真实粘度的倒数。
表5中的抗划伤性结果显示，聚酰胺在产生抗划伤性保护层方面非常有效。非常薄的聚酰胺层12μm并不提供显著的抗划伤特性，但以非常高性价比的价格提供足够的特性。除此之外，由于涂层的熔点为240℃，它还提供热压涂层而不需任何剥离纸的可能性。当层压的聚酰胺层为0.14mm厚时，抗划伤性非常高。
实施例4
在该实施例中，测试了本发明涂层的稳定性。
表6至8和图4显示了马来酸向马来酸酐的转化，以及在马来酸酐被转化成活性状态之后其对胶层强度和膜稳定性的影响，以及朝向内的极性基团的接触角。
表6显示了在不同挤出温度下在马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯(Fusabond MB-226DE)膜2％MAPE+PE/PE/2％MAPE+PE的膜制备过程中向马来酸酐的转化。
表6
Figure BPA00001331363600101
从表6的结果看明显的是，在185℃的温度下3分钟，马来酸大部分转化成马来酸酐，因而可以认为，在聚合物处于熔体约2-3分钟的挤出过程中，＞185℃的挤出温度是足够的，但优选＞190℃。在煮沸后涂层胶层强度和木材破坏百分比处于与Wisa Multi-wall(0.4N/mm2，80-90％木材破坏)相似的水平，这也支持马来酸向马来酸酐的转化在＞185℃的温度下是足够的。
一旦马来酸转化成马来酸酐，知道在足够湿气被吸收和马来酸酐转化回马来酸之前膜将保持在活性状态多久是重要的。含有活化材料的膜处于条件(湿度65％和温度23℃)下1个月、3个月、6个月和12个月。通过ATR-FTIR光谱学来分析膜。
图4和表7显示了比较200℃挤出2-3分钟的膜中(表6)马来酸酐的ATR光谱学结果，明显的是，足够的马来酸转化成马来酸酐，因而挤出温度和处理时间是足够的。图4显示了表7中示出的3种不同膜的ATR-FTIR光谱(45度锗ATR元件)。
表7
Figure BPA00001331363600102
结果显示，马来酸酐的量没有变化，以及图4中与膜-4相似的光谱产生在每个月后，共12个月。这表明在被聚乙烯包绕时马来酸酐是长期稳定的。这是由于聚乙烯的低吸水性，以及在固体状态下马来酸基团将不在聚合物表面而是朝向内因而被遮蔽的事实。只有在聚合物处于熔体时，马来酸基团才朝向外。亲水基团朝向内的理论得到表8中接触角结果的支持。表8显示了通过悬滴法对不同的活化3层共挤出膜测量的接触角(后退接触角和前进接触角)和表面自由能。使用两种测试液体，二碘甲烷(DIM)和水。将马来酸聚合物膜与含有其它极性基团(EVA)的膜进行比较。
表8
Figure BPA00001331363600111
根据本发明的涂层和木板在其不同的实施方式中均适用于不同类型的应用。
本发明的实施方式并不限于介绍的实施例，而是许多变化在所附权利要求书的范围内都是可能的。

Claims (15)

1.用于木板(4)的涂层，特征在于所述涂层由至少三层形成，其为：第一层(1)由含有聚烯烃和偶联剂的膜形成，所述偶联剂与木材的-OH基团反应，形成自粘特性；第二层(2)选自信号层和装饰层；以及第三层(3)由含有聚烯烃和偶联剂的膜形成，所述偶联剂与木材的-OH基团反应，形成自粘特性，并且所述第二层安排在所述第一层和第三层之间，并且通过所述偶联剂将所述层连接在一起。
2.根据权利要求1所述的涂层，特征在于所述第一层(1)是具有熔点超过170℃的保护层。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂层，特征在于所述第二层(2)含有选自以下的材料：纸、布料、织物材料、RFID-识别器及其组合。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的涂层，特征在于所述第二层(2)含有聚烯烃和/或所述偶联剂。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的涂层，特征在于所述第一层(1)和/或第三层(3)的所述膜是单层膜。
6.根据权利要求1或5任意一项所述的涂层，特征在于所述第一层(1)和/或第三层(3)的所述膜是两层膜。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的涂层，特征在于所述第一层(1)和/或第三层(3)的所述膜是三层膜。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的涂层，特征在于所述第一层(1)和/或第三层(3)的所述膜是多层膜。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的涂层，特征在于所述膜的至少一层含有所述偶联剂。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的涂层，特征在于所述偶联剂选自马来酸酐聚烯烃。
11.根据权利要求10所述的涂层，特征在于在所述膜制备过程中，马来酸转化成马来酸酐，以使马来酸酐转化多于86％，而未转化的马来酸转化少于14％。
12.根据权利要求1至11中任意一项所述的涂层，特征在于所述第一层(1)含有聚乙烯、聚丙烯、所述偶联剂、聚酰胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯、聚苯乙烯或茂金属产生的聚乙烯或其组合。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任意一项所述的涂层，特征在于所述第三层(3)含有聚乙烯、聚丙烯、所述偶联剂、茂金属产生的聚乙烯或其组合。
14.根据权利要求1至13中任意一项所述的涂层，特征在于通过共挤出制备所述膜，并且挤出温度在180-200℃之间，以在所述膜制备过程中活化所述偶联剂。
15.木板，特征在于其已经被根据权利要求1至14中任意一项所述的涂层所涂布。
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