CN102124928A - Mingled forest tree seed capable of resisting Tomicus yunnanensis based on olfactory reaction and screening method thereof - Google Patents
Mingled forest tree seed capable of resisting Tomicus yunnanensis based on olfactory reaction and screening method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mingled forest tree seed capable of resisting Tomicus yunnanensis based on an olfactory reaction and a screening method thereof, belonging to forest production, and particularly relating to the cultivation and the protection of the mingled forest. The mingled forest tree seed disclosed by the invention comprises Sequoia sempervirens, Cupressus torulosa, Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides and camellia. The screening method comprises the following steps: taking Yunnan pine needles and non-host leaves as corresponding groups; putting the corresponding groups in a Y-shaped olfactometer; forming an ordered pair (x, y) set according to the corresponding groups; testing according to the front domain domR={x| Yunnan pine needles}, value domain ranR={y| n non-host tree seed leaves}, relation R={(x,y)| x:y=1g:4g } and relation R={(x,y)| x:y =10mu L:10mu L}; selecting C={(x,y)| (x,y) is that the amount of the Tomicus yunnanensis is less than 3 }; making the experiments of Yunnan pine seed sprouting and young seedling growth by the leach liquor of the above leaves; and taking the leach liquor tree seed of which the Yunnan pine seed germination percentage is above 85% as the mingled tree seed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to production of forestry, particularly the mixed friendship mode of woods cultivation and protection.
Background technology
A kind of important coming half year property trunk borer that tip bark beetle (Tomicus yunnanensis) is a serious harm pinus yunnanensis (Pinus yunnanensis) is cut in Yunnan, it is disguised by force, the harm phase is long, harm is serious, diffusion velocity is fast, 80～nineties of last century was repeatedly broken out, and constituted 5,330,000 hm of Yunnan Province from 2007
2The serious threat of pine forest, harm is so far still further spreading.The configuration of many seeds mixed forest is the effective measures of PCO.The serious experiment standing forest investigation that takes place of tip bark beetle is cut in Yunnan such as Shilin county forest farm, Yunnan Province, forest farm, Dongshan, Midu County to be found, at the arid red slope on the sunny side of height above sea level 1800～2100m, pinus yunnanensis is less with the harm of the mixed forest of hiding cypress, Qinggang, Yunnan seeds, and between strain, in the ranks reach in the block different blended friendship mode, resistance to insects is handed over better to mix between strain.The applicant proposes " tip bark beetle mixed forest pattern rapid screening method is cut in anti-Yunnan " (application number 201010249717.1) application for a patent for invention before this, this application is the Yunnan pine needle to be produced corresponding group with non-host's blade according to described substitute mode place Y type olfactometer to test, materials are limited in n the unit of weight g (n≤10), need the blade amount few, and, first row element of substitute mode and second row element one by one on shine upon, the quantity of argument group is little, saves test screening mixed forest pattern required time.This application also selects different blended to hand over mode with the branch interpolation frame, provides a kind of simple instrument to predict different modes mixed forest resistant to diseases and insects.This method and pinus yunnanensis bulk, reach between strain three kinds of modes in the ranks and mix the investigation contrast of handing over the experiment standing forests, between the two in the strain rate of being injured, the tip rate of being injured, invade on the hole count, there is corresponding relation in its decline ratio.But, Tibetan cypress, camphor tree, Qinggang, Yunnan, Quercus acutissima, Anlnus nepalensis seeds that experiment standing forest inquiry agency relates to are very limited, the essential mixed potential object of seeds of handing over of pinus yunnanensis of further seeking, in more seeds, select suitable mixed friendship seeds, and, need carry out pinus yunnanensis and mix hand between the seeds plant secretion thing, comprise that volatile ingredient and infusion for arboreal growth or suppress interactional test influence, confirm that further pinus yunnanensis mixes the symbiosis relation of handing over seeds.
Summary of the invention
The present invention at first aims to provide a kind of more sufficient pinus yunnanensis and mixes friendship seeds woods, make pinus yunnanensis mixed forest forest have reasonable configuration, thereby prevention and elimination of disease and pests better is the production of forestry service.
Secondly, cutting tip bark beetle with Yunnan is the examination worm, cuts the olfaction reaction of tip bark beetle based on this, at the seeds of pinus yunnanensis growing environment and extensive soil condition, provides a kind of more comprehensive mixing to hand over the seeds screening technique.
The present invention realizes in the following manner:
(1) anti-Yunnan is cut tip bark beetle and is mixed the friendship woods
These pinus yunnanensis mixed forest seeds are: sequoia sempervirens, Tibetan cypress, Qinggang, Yunnan and camellia.
(2) anti-Yunnan is cut tip bark beetle and is mixed the screening technique of handing over the woods
May further comprise the steps:
(1) with Yunnan pine needle and non-host's blade as corresponding group of reaction arm that places Y type olfactometer, control arm is blank, and corresponding group is formed preface idol＜x, y〉collection, domR={x| Yunnan, preceding territory pine needle }, the blade of codomain ranR={y|n non-host tree species }, concern R={＜x, y〉| x: y=1g: 4g};
To flow air such as Y type olfactometer two arm feedings, select individual 10 of the strong pinus yunnanensis bark beetle in emergence back, introduce from drawing the worm channel single head, treat that the pinus yunnanensis bark beetle produces record after the selection behavior, each corresponding group is repeated 10 times, all tests until n corresponding group to finish, and selects A={＜x, y〉|＜x, y〉for cutting tip bark beetle quantity＜3 in Yunnan };
(2) with Yunnan pine needle and non-host's blade as corresponding group of reaction arm that places Y type olfactometer, control arm is a 5g Yunnan pine needle, and corresponding group is formed preface idol＜x, y〉collection, domR={x| Yunnan, preceding territory pine needle }, codomain ranR={y|y ∈ A} concerns R={＜x, y〉| x: y=1g: 4g}, all the other steps are with (1), select B={＜x, y〉|＜x, y〉for cutting tip bark beetle quantity＜3 in Yunnan };
(3) with Yunnan pine needle and non-host's blade as corresponding group of reaction arm that places Y type olfactometer, control arm is 20 μ L Yunnan pine needle volatile ingredients, and corresponding group is formed preface idol＜x, y〉collection, domR={x| Yunnan, preceding territory pine needle }, codomain ranR={y|y ∈ B} concerns R={＜x, y〉| x: y=10 μ L: 10 μ L}, all the other steps are with (1), select C={＜x, y〉|＜x, y〉for cutting tip bark beetle quantity＜3 in Yunnan };
(4) with the resulting leaching liquor of seeds blade crushing and water-adding of the codomain ranR={y|y ∈ C} of step (3), be used for germination, the growth of seedling test of pinus yunnanensis seed, with the pinus yunnanensis percentage of seedgermination the leaching liquor seeds 85% or more as mixed friendship seeds.
Described step (2) is as corresponding group of reaction arm that places Y type olfactometer with Yunnan pine needle and non-host's blade, control arm is a 5g Yunnan pine needle, and corresponding group is formed preface idol＜x, y〉collection, domR={x| Yunnan, preceding territory pine needle }, codomain ranR={y|y ∈ A ∪ y ∈ (R-A) }, concern R={＜x, y〉| x: y=1g: 4g}, all the other steps are with (1), select B={＜x, y〉|＜x, y〉for cutting tip bark beetle quantity＜3 in Yunnan }.
In the above content, preface idol, preceding territory dom, codomain ran, concern that R etc. is all with reference to the related definition of " mathematical logic ".
The positive effect that the present invention has is:
By resulting mixed prevention and the control of handing over seeds will be used for the pinus yunnanensis bark beetle of screening technique of the present invention, plantation forms a plurality of pest-resistant mixed forests forest farm in Yunnan Province, and the demonstration in process later stage can be radiated area, whole Yunnan with popularization.To harm, it is below horizontal to be controlled at harm, to protection Yunnan pine forest and regional bio-diversity, plays an important role.
China is global forest disease and pest hotspot, there is large-area artificial pure forest suffering the threat of damage by disease and insect, single forest stand needs to transform, screening technique of the present invention is cut tip bark beetle quantity＜3 (statistical value) as the foundation of selecting test procedure with the Yunnan of Y type olfactometer test, hand over seeds smell and blade infusion that seed sprouting and growth of seedling are helped to change experiment screening further combined with mixing again, a kind of new test method is provided, with changing the present situation of blindly building artificial pure forest and mixed forest, other damage by disease and insect Ecological Control there is positive effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is " Y " type olfactometer schematic diagram.Among the figure, 1. adapt to arm 2. reaction arms 3. odor source bottles 4. glass rotameters 5. air humidifiers 6. active carbon air filters 7. air compressors.
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Embodiment comprises but does not limit protection domain of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) different blended hands over seeds Yunnan to be cut the influence of the sense of smell behavior of tip bark beetle
Test adopts Fig. 1 " Y " type olfactometer to carry out, and it adapts to brachium 20cm, internal diameter 4cm, test brachium 20cm, internal diameter 3cm, and angle is 75 ° between two arms.Test arm connects successively odor source bottle, glass rotameter, air humidifier, active carbon air filter, air compressor is housed, and connects with silicone tube between each parts.
The pinus yunnanensis trunk of being injured in North Mountain Forestry Center, Yuxi, Yunnan Yunnan pine forest is sawn into the long segment of 80cm takes back the laboratory, placing under the room temperature in the 500 order gauzes, place healthy pinus yunnanensis trunk in the net, seals with wax and preserves moisture in two ends, raise, treat behind the adult eclosion standby.Test is picked up from southwestern Forestry University arboretum with pine needle and 23 kinds of blades (23 kinds of blades are as shown in table 1), and test is carried out at twice:
Test 1: 23 seeds blades such as peach, the bark of eucommia, Chinese yew in Yunnan pine needle and the table 1 are made into 1g, and: 4g places reaction arm respectively, and another arm is a blank.The air mass flow of two arms is 500ml/min.Tip bark beetle individuality is cut in strong Yunnan, back of select sprouting wings, introduce from drawing the worm channel single head, with 10 be one group, 30min treats that Yunnan is cut and observes 2min after tip bark beetle produces the selection behavior, repeats 10 times.One group of every survey, transposing is the direction of " Y " type pipe two side arms once.After having surveyed a ratio, clean " Y " type pipe and odor source bottle with ethanol, 100 ℃ of oven dry 30min eliminate residual smell.With black cloth " Y " type pipe and odor source bottle are hidden during test, get rid of light is cut the sense of smell behavior of tip bark beetle to Yunnan interference.
Calculating trends towards the Yunnan of reaction arm and cuts on average planting and standard error of tip bark beetle head number, carries out one-way analysis of variance, and hands over difference between the seeds with the multiple comparative analysis different blended of LSD.The data SPSS 13.0 softwares carry out statistical analysis.
Result such as table 1.Wherein, 8 of sequoia sempervirens, remote sweet osmanthus, Acer palmatum, araucaria, Chinese pistache, Tibetan cypress, Qinggang, Yunnan, camellias etc. mix when handing over the seeds blade to mix with the Yunnan pine needle, and to cutting tip bark beetle better resistance in Yunnan, it is less that tip bark beetle is cut in the Yunnan in the reaction arm.
Table 1 different blended hands over seeds Yunnan to be cut the influence of the sense of smell behavior of tip bark beetle
Data are on average planting ± standard error in the table, and different lowercases are illustrated in significant difference on 0.05 level after the same column data.
Test 2: 8 seeds blades such as Yunnan pine needle and sequoia sempervirens, remote sweet osmanthus, Acer palmatum, araucaria, Chinese pistache, Tibetan cypress, Qinggang, Yunnan, camellia are made into 1g, and: 4g places reaction arm respectively, and another arm is put 5g Yunnan pine needle in contrast.All the other steps are with test 1.Result such as table 2, wherein remote sweet osmanthus, Chinese pistache, araucaria, Tibetan cypress, Qinggang, Yunnan, sequoia sempervirens, 7 of camellias mix hands over the seeds blade to mix with the Yunnan pine needle, and tip bark beetle better resistance, significant difference on 0.05 level are cut in Yunnan.
Table 2 different blended hands over seeds Yunnan to be cut the influence of the sense of smell behavior of tip bark beetle
(2) different blended hands over the seeds volatile ingredient Yunnan to be cut the influence of the sense of smell behavior of tip bark beetle
The volatile ingredient of plant adopts the steam distillation extraction to extract.Get 7 kinds of non-each 100g of host's blade of remote sweet osmanthus, Chinese pistache, araucaria, Tibetan cypress, Qinggang, Yunnan, sequoia sempervirens, camellia that obtain after fresh and healthy Yunnan pine needle and above (one) twice screening, put into the distillation flask of 1000ml after shredding, add 400ml distilled water, steam distillation 4h.The cut extracted with diethyl ether, anhydrous sodium sulfate drying 24h.
7 of the remote sweet osmanthus of 10 μ L pinus yunnanensis volatile ingredients and 10 μ L, Chinese pistache, araucaria, Tibetan cypress, Qinggang, Yunnan, sequoia sempervirens, camellias etc. are mixed hand over the seeds volatile ingredients to drip on the filter paper of 1cm * 1cm, place reaction arm odor source bottle respectively.20 μ L pinus yunnanensis volatile ingredients are dripped on onesize filter paper, place another arm odor source bottle in contrast.
During test, the air mass flow of two arms is 500ml/min.Tip bark beetle individuality is cut in strong Yunnan, back of select sprouting wings, introduce from drawing the worm channel single head, with 10 be one group, 30min treats that Yunnan is cut and observes 2min after tip bark beetle produces the selection behavior, repeats 10 times.One group of every survey, transposing is the direction of " Y " type pipe two side arms once.After having surveyed a ratio, clean " Y " type pipe and odor source bottle with ethanol, 100 ℃ of oven dry 30min eliminate residual smell.With black cloth " Y " type pipe and odor source bottle are hidden during test, get rid of light is cut the sense of smell behavior of tip bark beetle to Yunnan interference.
Result such as table 3, wherein, hiding 4 in cypress, camellia, sequoia sempervirens, Qinggang, Yunnan etc. mixes when handing over seeds to mix with the pinus yunnanensis volatile ingredient, tip bark beetle better resistance is cut in Yunnan, it is less that tip bark beetle is cut in Yunnan in the reaction arm, on average be respectively 2.7,1.9,1.8 and 1.5, mix with other and hand over the seeds volatile ingredient to compare significant difference on 0.05 level.
Table 3 different blended hands over the seeds volatile ingredient Yunnan to be cut the influence of the sense of smell behavior of tip bark beetle
Data are on average planting ± standard error in the table, and different lowercases are illustrated in significant difference on 0.05 level after the same column data.
(3) mix of the influence of friendship seeds blade infusion to pinus yunnanensis seed sprouting and growth of seedling
4 clean respectively, air-dry and pulverizing of seeds blades such as the Tibetan cypress that the resistance of above (two) volatile ingredient experiment sieving is outstanding, camellia, sequoia sempervirens, Qinggang, Yunnan, respectively take by weighing 100g and put into 4 triangular flasks, add 1000ml distilled water, the bottleneck sealing is tightened and is put into oscillator lixiviate 2d, 25 ℃ of temperature, speed 100r/min, getting concentration is the infusion filtration of 0.1g/mL, supernatant is the flooding mother liquor, and 4 ℃ are in store for.
Germination test: select evenly full pinus yunnanensis seed, with distilled water flushing behind the 1% formalin sterilization 15min 3 times, 45 ℃ of distilled water of beginning temperature 48h that soaks seed.As table 3, water extract is established 3 concentration gradients, and with distilled water in contrast, every processing all repeats 3 times.At the diameter of cleaning, dry, sterilizing is the two-layer qualitative filter paper of 10cm culture dish middle berth, respectively 4 kinds of water extract 10ml is injected the culture dish beds, 50 seeds of every ware sowing.The illumination box of putting into 25 ℃ germinates, and illumination is 8h/d.Day by day add up the seed sprouting situation, an amount of infusion or the distilled water that adds respective concentration in culture dish add up 25d, and seed germination is a standard true leaf to occur all simultaneously.
Germination rate (GR)=(subnumber is planted experimentally in the final all normal seeds germinated number/confession of germinateing) * 100%
The result is by shown in the table 4, and the pinus yunnanensis percentage of seedgermination is 96% in the contrast, and other respectively handles the pinus yunnanensis percentage of seedgermination between 86%～96%, and difference is less.Illustrate that each seeds, each concentration infusion are little to the influence of pinus yunnanensis percentage of seedgermination.
4 kinds of blade infusions of table 4 are to the influence of pinus yunnanensis percentage of seedgermination
After the pinus yunnanensis chitting piece of different infusions is transplanted to the influence of growth of seedling: select 30 strains to transplant in plastic tunnel respectively the above-mentioned chitting piece of respectively handling, every processing all repeats 3 times.Booth day 35 ℃ of maximum temperatures, 15 ℃ of day minimum temperatures, relative moisture 65%.Every 2d is an amount of infusion or the distilled water that adds as table 5 concentration in the seedbed.14d, 28d measure the height of seedling respectively after transplanting.
The results are shown in Table 5, contrast pinus yunnanensis seedling height is 5.5cm behind the transplanting 14d, and other respectively handles the pinus yunnanensis seedling height between 5.0cm～5.6cm, and difference is less.Contrast pinus yunnanensis seedling height is 11.2cm behind the transplanting 28d, and other respectively handles the pinus yunnanensis seedling height between 10.2cm～11.0cm, and difference is less.Illustrate that each seeds, each concentration infusion are little to the influence of pinus yunnanensis growth of seedling.
4 kinds of blade infusions of table 5 are to the influence of pinus yunnanensis growth of seedling
Embodiment 2:
Removing step () test 2 increases by 6 seeds blades such as peach, Yunnan Machilus nanmu, Huashan pine and corresponding group of Yunnan pine needle composition, and: 4g places reaction arm respectively to be made into 1g, another arm put 5g Yunnan pine needle in contrast beyond, all the other steps are with embodiment 1.Result such as table 2,7 of wherein remote sweet osmanthus, Chinese pistache, araucaria, Tibetan cypress, Qinggang, Yunnan, sequoia sempervirens, camellias etc. mix when handing over the seeds blade to mix with the Yunnan pine needle, tip bark beetle better resistance is cut in Yunnan, mixed with other and hand over seeds to compare significant difference on 0.05 level.
Table 2 different blended hands over seeds Yunnan to be cut the influence of the sense of smell behavior of tip bark beetle
Data are on average planting ± standard error in the table, and different lowercases are illustrated in significant difference on 0.05 level after the same column data.
Claims (3)
1. tip bark beetle mixed forest seeds are cut in the anti-Yunnan based on olfaction reaction, it is characterized in that these mixed forest seeds are: pinus yunnanensis, sequoia sempervirens, Tibetan cypress, Qinggang, Yunnan and camellia.
2. the screening technique of tip bark beetle mixed forest seeds is cut in the anti-Yunnan based on olfaction reaction as claimed in claim 1, may further comprise the steps:
(1) with Yunnan pine needle and non-host's blade as corresponding group of reaction arm that places Y type olfactometer, control arm is blank, and corresponding group is formed preface idol＜x, y〉collection, domR={x| Yunnan, preceding territory pine needle }, the blade of codomain ranR={y|n non-host tree species }, concern R={＜x, y〉| x: y=1g: 4g};
To flow air such as Y type olfactometer two arm feedings, select individual 10 of the strong pinus yunnanensis bark beetle in emergence back, introduce from drawing the worm channel single head, treat that the pinus yunnanensis bark beetle produces record after the selection behavior, each corresponding group is repeated 10 times, all tests until n corresponding group to finish, and selects A={＜x, y〉|＜x, y〉for cutting tip bark beetle quantity＜3 in Yunnan };
(2) with Yunnan pine needle and non-host's blade as corresponding group of reaction arm that places Y type olfactometer, control arm is a 5g Yunnan pine needle, and corresponding group is formed preface idol＜x, y〉collection, domR={x| Yunnan, preceding territory pine needle }, codomain ranR={y|y ∈ A} concerns R={＜x, y〉| x: y=1g: 4g}, all the other steps are with (1), select B={＜x, y〉|＜x, y〉for cutting tip bark beetle quantity＜3 in Yunnan };
(3) with Yunnan pine needle and non-host's blade as corresponding group of reaction arm that places Y type olfactometer, control arm is 20 μ L Yunnan pine needle volatile ingredients, and corresponding group is formed preface idol＜x, y〉collection, domR={x| Yunnan, preceding territory pine needle }, codomain ranR={y|y ∈ B} concerns R={＜x, y〉| x: y=10 μ L: 10 μ L}, all the other steps are with (1), select C={＜x, y〉|＜x, y〉for cutting tip bark beetle quantity＜3 in Yunnan };
(4) with the resulting leaching liquor of seeds blade crushing and water-adding of the codomain ranR={y|y ∈ C} of step (3), be used for germination, the growth of seedling test of pinus yunnanensis seed, with the pinus yunnanensis percentage of seedgermination the leaching liquor seeds 85% or more as mixed friendship seeds.
3. screening technique according to claim 2, it is characterized in that step (2) be with Yunnan pine needle and non-host's blade as corresponding group of reaction arm that places Y type olfactometer, control arm is a 5g Yunnan pine needle, and corresponding group is formed preface idol＜x, y〉collection, domR={x| Yunnan, preceding territory pine needle }, codomain ranR={y|y ∈ A ∪ y ∈ (R-A), concern R={＜x, y〉| x: y=1g: 4g}, all the other steps are selected B={＜x with (1), y〉|＜x, y〉for cutting tip bark beetle quantity＜3 in Yunnan }.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104067988A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-10-01 | 云南农业大学 | Olfactometer for researching olfaction orientation behavior of insect for high-stick crop |
| CN104082090A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-10-08 | 云南林业职业技术学院 | Method for controlling Yunnan tip-cut bark beetles |
| CN104186166A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-10 | 云南林业职业技术学院 | Method for controlling Yunnan tip cutting bark beetles through alnus ferdinandi-coburgii |
-
2010
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Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 《中国森林病虫》 20060930 余淼 西南山区云南松小蠹可持续治理模式探索 31-33 1-3 第25卷, 第5期 2 * |
| 《林业调查规划》 20040531 张良实 云南混交林营造技术研究 35-39 1-3 第29卷, 2 * |
| 《河南林业科技》 20090930 韩平定等 云南切梢小蠹枝梢选择和存活分析初探 7-9 1-3 第29卷, 第3期 2 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104067988A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-10-01 | 云南农业大学 | Olfactometer for researching olfaction orientation behavior of insect for high-stick crop |
| CN104067988B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-09-07 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of study the insecticide olfactometer to long-stalked crops olfactory sensation orientation behaviour |
| CN104082090A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-10-08 | 云南林业职业技术学院 | Method for controlling Yunnan tip-cut bark beetles |
| CN104186166A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-10 | 云南林业职业技术学院 | Method for controlling Yunnan tip cutting bark beetles through alnus ferdinandi-coburgii |
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| CN102124928B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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