CN102119104B - 用于生产可灌装入包装材料管内的食品的密封包装的包装方法和单元 - Google Patents

用于生产可灌装入包装材料管内的食品的密封包装的包装方法和单元 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102119104B
CN102119104B CN2009801307014A CN200980130701A CN102119104B CN 102119104 B CN102119104 B CN 102119104B CN 2009801307014 A CN2009801307014 A CN 2009801307014A CN 200980130701 A CN200980130701 A CN 200980130701A CN 102119104 B CN102119104 B CN 102119104B
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jaw
along
control scheme
axis
jaws
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CN102119104A (zh
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S·安德雷奥蒂
A·多纳蒂
M·波皮
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/20Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the webs being formed into tubes in situ around the filling nozzles
    • B65B9/207Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the webs being formed into tubes in situ around the filling nozzles the web advancing continuously
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7451Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool the severing tool and the welding tool being movable with respect to one-another
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    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/81411General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81415General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled
    • B29C66/81419General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled and flat
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81457General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a block or layer of deformable material, e.g. sponge, foam, rubber
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/822Transmission mechanisms
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
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    • B29K2711/00Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2601/00 - B29K2709/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037Other properties
    • B29K2995/0065Permeability to gases
    • B29K2995/0067Permeability to gases non-permeable
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29L2009/00Layered products
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    • B29L2031/712Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7162Boxes, cartons, cases
    • B29L2031/7166Cartons of the fruit juice or milk type, i.e. containers of polygonal cross sections formed by folding blanks into a tubular body with end-closing or contents-supporting elements, e.g. gable type containers

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Abstract

一种生产可灌装食品的密封包装(3)的方法,包括以下步骤:沿轴线(A)供给包装材料管(2);使一对第一夹爪(8)和一对第二夹爪(8')循环且交替地沿与所述轴线(A)平行的密封路径(G、G'),且沿重新定位路径(H、H'),进行移动;当所述第一夹爪和第二夹爪(8、8')沿所述密封路径(G、G')行进时使所述第一夹爪和第二夹爪移至闭合位置,在所述闭合位置处,相应的所述第一和第二密封构件(16、17;16'、17')握持所述管(2)且分别在不同时间形成第一和第二密封件(9a、9b),所述第一和第二密封件对所述管(2)进行密封且限定出所述包装(3)的相应的相对端;并且当所述第一夹爪和第二夹爪(8、8')沿相应的重新定位路径(H、H')行进时使所述第一夹爪和第二夹爪移至打开位置,在所述打开位置处,所述相应的第一和第二密封构件(16、17;16'、17')与所述管(2)分离;所述方法还包括以下步骤:获取与所述包装(3)的重量相关的数量的所需值(Y);和在与所述第一密封件(9a)相隔距离(L)处形成所述第二密封件(9b),所述距离是所述值(Y)的函数。本发明还披露了一种用于以类似所述方法的方式生产密封包装的包装单元。

Description

用于生产可灌装入包装材料管内的食品的密封包装的包装方法和单元
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于生产可灌装入包装材料管内的食品的密封包装的包装方法和单元。
背景技术
很多食品,如果汁、巴氏消毒的或UHT(超高温处理)牛奶、酒、番茄汁等,在消过毒的包装材料制成的包装中销售。
这类包装的一个典型例子是用于液体或可灌装食品的、称为Tetra Brik Aseptic(注册商标)的平行六面体形状的包装,其通过折叠并密封层压条带包装材料而制成。
包装材料具有多层结构,其基本上包括用于提供硬度和强度的基层,其可由纤维材料层,如纸层或矿物填充聚丙烯材料层,限定;以及覆盖基层两侧的多个热封塑性材料层,如聚乙烯膜。
对于用于长期存储产品,如UHT牛奶,的无菌包装而言,包装材料还包括一层气体阻隔和光阻隔材料,如铝箔或乙烯-乙烯醇(EVOH)膜,其重叠在热封塑性材料层上,并转而由形成最终接触食品的包装的内表面的另一热封塑性材料层覆盖。
如已公知的,此类包装在全自动包装单元上生产,在所述单元上,由以板片形式供给的包装材料形成连续的管;所述包装材料的板片在包装单元中经过消毒,这例如是通过施加化学消毒剂,如过氧化氢溶液,实现的,该消毒剂随后被除去,这例如是通过加热并从包装材料表面蒸发实现的。
经过消毒的板片被保持在封闭的消毒环境中,并被折叠成圆筒且沿纵向被密封而形成管。
管在平行于其轴线的垂直方向上被供给,并被消过毒的或消毒处理过的食品连续填充。
包装单元是已公知的,所述包装单元与管相互作用,从而在等间距的横截面处对其进行热封并形成多个枕状包装袋,其通过横向密封带连接到管。
更具体地,该单元包括可沿相应的引导件移动的两个成形组件,并且其循环且连续地与管相互作用以便对管的包装材料进行热封。
每个成形组件包括滑动件,其沿相应的引导件前后移动,并且两个夹爪在底部处铰接到相应的滑动件上,且可在闭合位置与打开位置之间移动,在所述闭合位置处,夹爪与管协作以便对管进行热封,在所述打开位置处,夹爪与管分离。
这两个成形组件的移动偏移了半个周期:一个成形组件的滑动件在其夹爪位于打开位置处的情况下向上移动,而另一成形组件的滑动件则在其夹爪位于闭合位置处的情况下向下移动,以便防止产生碰撞和干扰。
每个成形组件的夹爪装配有相应的密封构件,其与管的相对侧协作,并包括例如加热构件和弹性体构件以便提供机械支承,从而握持所述管而到达所需压力。
每个成形组件还包括两个成形构件,其具有铰接到相应夹爪上的相应的成形半壳。
每对成形半壳在打开位置与闭合位置之间循环运动,在打开位置处,成形半壳与管分离,在闭合位置处,成形半壳接触管并在两个相邻密封部段之间折叠管并因而限定并控制所形成的包装的体积。
更具体地,第一成形组件的密封构件在底部处对包装进行密封,且第一成形组件的半壳控制所形成的包装的体积,而第二成形组件的密封构件对包装的顶部进行密封。
为了符合一些国家的法律要求,包装中的食品的体积和/或重量必须以尽可能准确且可重复的方式受到控制。
所属领域技术人员认为有必要在包装单元不停机而不至于降低单元的输出速率且不会在包装本身上留下任何印记的情况下控制包装中的食品体积。
所属领域技术人员还认为有必要对用于多种具有多个不同粘度的食品的上限体积和/或用于包装单元的多种输出速率的上限体积进行控制。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种生产可灌装进入包装材料管内的食品的密封包装的方法,这种方法被设计以便以简易且低成本的方式满足上述需求中的至少一个需求。
根据本发明,提供了一种根据权利要求1所述的生产可灌装进入包装材料管内的食品的密封包装的方法。
根据本发明,还提供了一种根据权利要求12所述的生产可灌装进入包装材料管内的食品的密封包装的包装单元。
附图说明
现在将结合附图并通过实例的方式对本发明的优选的非限制性实施例进行描述,其中:
图1示出了生产可灌装进入包装材料管内的食品的包装的包装单元的透视图,且为了清晰起见移除了一些零部件;
图2示出了图1所示单元的一部分的放大比例侧视图;
图3和图4示出了图1所示单元的进一步放大的详细视图;
图5示出了在生产密封包装的第一步骤过程中的图1所示单元的两对夹爪的更大比例的视图;
图6示出了在生产密封包装的第二步骤过程中的图1所示夹爪对;
图7示出了图6所示夹爪的放大细节图;和
图8示出了图1、图6和图7所示夹爪的行进路径的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1中的附图标记1从整体上表示用于由板材包装材料制成的管2生产食品的密封包装3(图1、图5、图6、图7)的包装单元。
单元1优选生产可灌装食品如巴氏消毒的或UHT牛奶、果汁、酒等的密封包装3。
单元1还可生产以下这种食品的密封包装3,所述食品在生产包装3时可被灌装入管2内且在包装3被密封之后凝固。一种典型的这类食品是奶酪的一部分,这种奶酪在生产包装3时熔化且在包装3密封之后凝固。
包装材料具有多层结构(未示出)且包括纤维材料层,该纤维材料层通常为纸,两侧上覆盖有相应的热密封塑料材料层,所述热密封材料例如为聚乙烯。对于用于长期贮存产品,如UHT牛奶,的无菌包装而言,包装材料还包括一层气体阻隔和光阻隔材料,例如铝箔或乙烯-乙烯醇(EVOH)膜,所述材料层被叠置在上述热密封塑料材料层上,且进一步被形成了最终接触食品的包装3的内表面的另一热密封塑料材料层覆盖。
管2的成形已公知地通过对热密封板材材料的板片(未示出)进行纵向折叠和密封而实现,所述管通过填充管(未示出)被经过消毒的或经过消毒处理的食品填充以便进行包装,且所述管以未示出的已公知方式沿如图1中的向下轴线A所示的垂直路径被供给。
单元1包括两个成形组件6、6',所述组件沿相应的垂直圆柱形引导件5、5'相对于轴线A对称地移动,且与管2循环相互作用以便沿与轴线A横向交叉的相应的等距隔开的剖面对所述管进行握持和热密封,从而形成多个枕状包装袋3(图6),所述枕状包装袋通过与轴线A横向交叉的相应的密封条带9a、9b被连接至管2。
如图6和图7所示,密封条带9a、9b分别限定出包装3的底部和顶部。
正如已知且同样地,下面将仅对组件6、6'(组件6)中的一个组件进行描述,且图中所示的组件6、6'的同样或相对应的部分由相同的附图标记表示。
组件6(图1)大体上包括:
- 在平行于轴线A的方向上沿相应的引导件5上下行进的滑动件7;和
- 两个夹爪8,所述夹爪在底部处围绕与轴线A垂直的相应水平轴8被铰接到滑动件7上、被设置在管2的相对侧上、且围绕相应轴B在握持住管2的闭合位置(如图5和图6所示的相对于组件6的夹爪8所处的位置)与完全打开位置之间旋转,在所述完全打开位置处,所述夹爪位于最远离管2的位置处,且所述夹爪的相应点沿垂直于轴线A的方向被最远地隔开。
更具体地,每个夹爪8包括:
- 基底部分10,所述基底部分在其底端处围绕相应的轴线B被铰接到滑动件7的底部部分上;
- 臂部11,所述臂部与管2相互作用、被连接至部分10、且在夹爪8位于闭合位置处时与轴线A垂直地延伸;和
- 在与轴线A相对的侧部上从部分10伸出的附件12(图3和图4)。
如图3所示,组件6还包括与其中一个夹爪8的臂部11的一端一体装配的第一紧固件13;围绕平行于轴B的轴线被铰接到另一夹爪8的臂部11的一端上的第二紧固件14;和用于将紧固件13、14握持在接合位置处的液压气缸15(图中仅示出了一部分)。
夹爪8的多个部分10包括相应的扇形齿轮(图4),所述扇形齿轮进行啮合以便确保夹爪8围绕相应的轴B在闭合位置与打开位置之间旋转相同的角度。
组件6还包括图中未示出的已公知的密封装置以便对被握持在相对夹爪8之间的包装材料的管2的每个剖面进行热密封,从而形成密封条带9a。
组件6的密封装置(图5和图6)大体上包括被装配到一个夹爪8的臂部11上的加热构件16,且所述加热构件通过两个活性表面与管2相互作用;和被装配到另一夹爪8的臂部11上的两个压力衬垫17,且所述压力衬垫与加热构件16的相应的活性表面协同作用以便对管2进行握持和热密封。
夹爪8因此借助于滑动件7的上下移动而与轴线A平行地进行平移移动;且通过围绕相应的铰链轴相对于滑动件7进行旋转的方式打开且闭合地移动到包装材料的管2上,且所述移动被叠加在滑动件7的上下平移移动上。
更具体地,借助于上述移动,夹爪8的加热构件16和衬垫17沿相应的环形路径F(图7和图8)移动,分别包括平行于轴线A的密封路径G和重新定位路径H。
更具体地,夹爪8被设定在闭合位置并与管2的剖面协同作用从而沿加热构件16和衬垫17的密封路径G形成密封条带9a,且与管2分离并沿加热构件16和衬垫17的重新定位路径H从闭合位置移至完全打开位置且反之亦然。
沿夹爪8的行进方向从相对密封路径G的底端G2至顶端G1,每个重新定位路径H包括:
- 部分H1,在所述部分的端部处,夹爪8被部分打开,且加热构件16和17位于相应的底部死点位置I;
- 部分H2,沿所述部分,夹爪8首先从其相应的底部死点位置I移至相应的完全打开位置,且随后开始移至相应的部分闭合位置,所述相应的部分闭合位置最终在相应的死点位置S处被到达;和
- 部分H3,沿所述部分,夹爪8到达相应的闭合位置。
更具体地,在夹爪8的加热构件16与衬垫17之间且与轴线A横向交叉地测得的距离沿部分H1逐渐增加、沿部分H2首先增加且随后减少、且沿相应的重新定位路径H的部分H3减少。
当滑动件7向下移动时,加热构件16和衬垫17沿密封路径G和部分H1、H3行进;且当滑动件7向上移动时,加热构件16和衬垫17沿重新定位路径H的部分H2行进。
夹爪8、8'的加热构件16、16'和衬垫17、17'以偏置的方式沿相应路径F、F'行进,从而使得在闭合位置处沿密封路径G向下移动的夹爪8(8')的臂部11(11')会经过在完全打开位置处沿部分H2'(H2)返回向上移动的夹爪8'(8)的臂部11'(11)之间。
夹爪8的加热构件16和衬垫17沿相应路径F的密封路径G彼此协同作用以便形成密封条带9a。
图5示出了加热构件16'和衬垫17'沿相应部分H3'行进的情况;加热构件16和衬垫17已经形成了密封条带8a并正在到达相应密封路径G的端部;且加热构件16'和衬垫17'在轴线A的相对侧上限定出宽度为M的通道24,位于密封条带9a上方的一定量食品流动穿过所述通道(图5)。更具体地,密封条带9a的形成沿与管道2的行进方向相反的方向,即向上,泵送该一定量的可灌装食品。
滑动件7与轴线A平行地进行的移动受到杆21的控制,所述杆可与轴线A平行地移动并被刚性地连接至滑动件7且在所述滑动件的侧面被刚性地连接。
夹爪8的打开移动和闭合移动受到杆22的控制,所述杆可与轴线A平行地移动;且受到两根连接杆25的控制(图1、图3、图4),所述连接杆具有围绕平行于轴B的轴线E被铰接至杆22的轴向端部23的相应的第一端部,和与所述第一端部相对的围绕平行于轴B的相应轴C被铰接至相应夹爪8的附件12的相应的第二端部。
更具体地,借助于临界杆25,杆22平行于轴线A进行的平移使附件12围绕相应的轴C移动,且因而使得夹爪8围绕相应的轴B在闭合位置与完全打开位置之间移动。
组件6还包括两个成形半壳20(图1、图6、图7),所述成形半壳在轴线A的相对侧上面对彼此且围绕平行于轴B、C的相应轴被铰接至相应夹爪8。
当夹爪8的加热构件16和衬垫17沿相应路径F行进时,半壳20完成工作循环,所述工作循环包括:
- 闭合冲程,其中所述半壳通过图中未示出的弹簧从打开位置(如图5所示的相对于组件6'的半壳20'所处的位置)移至闭合位置(如图5和图6所示的相对于组件6的半壳20所处的位置);
- 体积控制冲程,其中半壳20在闭合位置处与管2协同作用;和
- 返回冲程,其中半壳20保持与管2分离的状态。
更具体地,当加热构件16和17分别沿相对部分H3、密封路径G和相对路径F的相对部分H1、H2行进时,半壳20进行闭合冲程、体积控制冲程和返回冲程。
上述工作循环受到两个凸轮29(图1)的控制,所述两个凸轮位于轴线A的相对侧上且与被装配到半壳20上的相应辊相互作用。
组件6(图5和图6)的一个夹爪8的臂部11具有第一座26和刀片27,刀片27通常被设置在被罩在第一座26内部的静止位置处,且一旦形成相对密封条带9a,则刀片滑动至抽出位置,在所述位置处,其切削端从第一座26伸出以便切割密封条带9a并使包装3与管2的其余部分分离。
组件6的另一夹爪8的臂部11具有用于在每个包装3与管2的其余部分脱离时接收相对刀片的切削端部的第二座28。
单元1有利地包括:
- 获取单元40(仅如图1和图2示意性地示出),所述获取单元用于湖区与包装3的重量相关的数量值Y;
- 用于使相应的夹爪8、8'与轴线A平行地移动的两个致动器组件31、31';和
- 处理单元30,所述处理单元用于基于值Y产生分别监控致动器组件31、31'的第一控制方案Q和第二控制方案Q'。所述第一控制方案Q和第二控制方案Q'被产生以便将加热构件16'和17'定位 — 沿轴线A且作为值Y的函数 — 在分别与加热构件16和衬垫17相隔距离L的位置处,在加热构件16'和衬垫17'形成密封条带9b时且在形成了密封条带9a之后。
单元1因此在相应距离L处形成了每个包装3的密封条带9a、9b,所述距离是相应值Y的函数。
更具体地,当单元1行进时,获取单元40从操作者处直接接收值Y,或者从在单元1的输出端处称量包装3重量的计量器处接收值Y。
值Y优选对应于包装3的所需重量或体积。
更具体地,致动器组件31、31'使相应的杆21、21'平行于轴线A移动以便也使相应的滑动件7、7'和夹爪8、8'平行于轴线A移动。
至少基于对应于食品粘度的第一参数或者对应于单元1的输出速率的第二参数,单元30还使得可调节在夹爪8'(8)的加热构件16'(16)与衬垫17'(17)之间 — 与轴线A垂直地测得 — 的距离,当夹爪8'(8)的加热构件16'(16)与衬垫17'(17)沿重新定位路径H、H'的部分H3'(H3)行进时,且在夹爪8(8')已经形成了密封条带9a(9b)之后。
换句话说,单元30基于第一参数和/或第二参数在夹爪8'(8)形成密封条带9b(9a)之前调节由夹爪8'(8)的加热构件16'(16)和衬垫17'(17)限定的通道24的宽度M。
单元1还包括用于使相应的杆22、22'与轴线A平行地移动且因而使相应的夹爪8、8'在闭合位置与打开位置之间移动的两个致动器组件32、32'。致动器组件32、32'还受到由单元30基于第一参数和/或第二参数产生的相应控制方案P、P'的控制。
由于致动器组件31、31'和32、32'是等同的,因此下面仅对致动器组件31、32进行描述;致动器组件31、31'和32、32'的相同或相对应的部分在图中由相同的附图标记表示。
每个致动器组件31、32包括(图1和图2所示):
- 由相应的控制方案P、Q控制的伺服马达41、42,且所述伺服马达使滑轮47根据由相应控制方案P、Q确定的顺时针方案围绕与轴线A垂直的轴线D旋转;
- 带齿的皮带44(图2中仅示出了其中一条),所述皮带具有围绕滑轮47(图2)和返回滑轮45卷绕的两个弯曲的端部部分;和与轴线A平行且在滑轮47与45之间延伸的两条分支;和
- 构件43,所述构件与轴线A平行地滑动且被固定到皮带44的分支上且被固定到相对的杆21、22上以便将相对滑轮47、45围绕轴线D的旋转转化成相应杆21、22沿轴线A的平移。
更具体地,滑轮45被固定到单元1的固定结构上,以便围绕平行于轴线D的相应轴进行旋转。
在如图所示的实例中,轴线D是水平的。
杆22、21沿平行于轴线A的垂直导引件46滑动。
更具体地,当单元1运行时,单元30产生的每个控制方案Q、Q'为以下加数的加和:
- 加数Q1、Q1',该加数与值Y无关且用于产生杆21、21'的预定基本轨迹且因此用于产生监控夹爪8、8'的上下移动的预定时间方案;
- 加数Q2(Y)、Q2'(Y),该加数为值Y的函数且被产生以便调节密封条带9a、9b之间的距离L;和
- 加数Q3、Q3',该加数为包装3的条形码位置的函数且被产生以便确保每个包装3的条形码位于包装3上的预定位置处。
加数Q2(Y)、Q2'(Y)被产生,以使得一旦夹爪8(8')位于闭合位置处且构件16(16')和衬垫17(17')已经形成了每个包装3的底部密封条带9a(9b),则杆21'(21)将夹爪8'(8)的加热构件16'(16)和衬垫17'(17)定位在分别与夹爪8(8')的加热构件16(16')和衬垫17(17')相隔距离L — 所述距离是值Y的函数 — 的位置处,至少在形成密封条带9a(9b)的时刻是这样的。
距离L是与轴线A平行地在相对应的点之间,例如在加热构件16、16'和衬垫17、17'的底端48、48'之间被测得的,且与包装3的最终高度相关(图6)。
如图7所示,除了值Y的变化以外,致动器组件31、31'还对底端48'与48(未示出)之间的距离进行调节且因此对密封条带9a、9b之间的距离L进行调节。在如图7所示的实例中,值Y的变化使得底端48'从由实线表示的位置位移至由虚线表示的位置,因此使距离L相应地增加N或减少N'。
所产生的每个控制方案P、P'是以下加数的加和:
- 加数P1、P1',所述加数与可灌装产品的粘度和单元1的输出速率无关且用于在夹爪8、8'沿路径F、F'在打开位置与闭合位置之间移动时产生所述夹爪的预定基本轨迹;和
- 加数P2、P2',所述加数是可灌装产品的粘度和/或单元1的输出速率的函数并对夹爪8、8'沿重新定位路径H、H'的部分H3、H3'的基本轨迹进行调节。
换句话说,夹爪8、8'在完全打开位置与闭合位置之间的轨迹取决于当加热构件16、16'和衬垫17、17'沿密封路径G、G'、部分H1、H1'和H2、H2'行进时的基本轨迹;且取决于基本轨迹与由当加热构件16、16'和衬垫17、17'沿部分H3、H3'行进的加数P2、P2'决定的校正的加和。
加数P1、P1'优选被产生以便沿相应的密封路径G、G'将加热构件16、16'和相应的衬垫17、17'保持压靠在管2上,从而防止当相对夹爪8、8'位于闭合位置处时,在每个组件6、6'的加热构件16、16'和相应的衬垫17、17'之间与轴线A垂直地产生任何松弛。
加数P1、P1'因此补偿了由于在紧固件13、14、13'、14'的接近轨迹中以及在气缸15、15'的握持力中不可避免出现的公差和不准确性而导致在加热构件16、16'与相应的衬垫17、17'之间出现的与轴线A垂直的任何第一松弛,且这种松弛在单元1的输出速率较高的情况下特别明显。
加数P1、P1'还补偿了紧固件13、14、13'、14'由于在加热构件16、16'和相应的衬垫17、17'完成相应的密封路径G、G'且到达相应的底端G2、G2'之前被释放而产生的与轴线A垂直的任何第二松弛。第一松弛和第二松弛会导致当夹爪8、8'仍位于闭合位置处时,将加热构件16、16'和相应的衬垫17、17'定位在与轴线A垂直的给定的间隔距离处。
一旦夹爪8(8')已经形成了密封条带9a(9b),且在夹爪8'(8)形成密封条带9b(9a)之前,加数P2、P2'基于第一参数和/或第二参数调节通道24的宽度M,即在夹爪8'(8)的加热构件16'(16)与衬垫17'(17)之间与轴线A垂直地测得的距离。
换句话说,加数P2、P2'被产生以便在夹爪8(8')的加热构件16'(16)与衬垫17'(17)沿部分H3(H3')行进时且在夹爪8'(8)的加热构件16'(16)与衬垫17'(17)沿密封路径G(G')行进时调节通道24的宽度M。
被加载在单元30上且在单元30上执行的软件程序使用了这样的算法,所述算法对于每个Y值都产生相应的控制方案Q、Q',且对于单元1的每个输出速率和/或食品的每个粘度都产生相应的控制方案P、P'。
换句话说,单元30的作用类似一对“电子凸轮”,其中一个电子凸轮为每个Y值赋予相应的时间方案以便监控杆21平行于轴线A进行的移动,且另一电子凸轮则为单元1的每个输出速率和/或为食品的每个粘度赋予相应的时间方案以便监控杆22平行于轴线A进行的移动。
在实际应用中,填充有液体食品的管2沿轴线A被供给且操作者在不停止单元1的情况下键入包装3的所需重量值Y。
获取单元40获取Y值;且单元30,作为Y值的函数且通过运行所实施的软件程序的方式,产生控制方案Q、Q'以便监控伺服马达41、41'。通过相应的滑轮47、45、相应的皮带44、和相应的构件43,伺服马达41、41'使相应的杆21、21'与轴线A平行地且根据由控制方案Q、Q'确定的时间方案进行移动,从而使得滑动件7、7'以偏移方式相对于彼此并根据由控制方案Q、Q'决定的相应时间方案上下移动。
操作者还可设定第一参数对应于单元1的输出速率和/或设定第二参数对应于可灌装食品的粘度。
基于第一参数和/或第二参数,且通过运行所实施的软件程序,单元30还产生了控制方案P、P'以便监控伺服马达42、42',所述伺服马达借助于滑轮47、45、皮带44和构件43,而使杆22、22'根据由控制方案P、P'确定的时间方案与轴线A平行地进行移动。
借助于连接杆25、25',杆22、22'与轴线A平行地进行的移动使夹爪8、8'在闭合位置与打开位置之间移动。
更具体地,控制方案P、P'、Q、Q'被产生以使得夹爪8、8'的加热构件16、16'和衬垫17、17'沿相应的路径F、F'以偏移方式行进。即,夹爪8(8')的加热构件16(16')和衬垫17(17')“沿循着”夹爪8'(8)的加热构件16'(16)和衬垫17'(17)。
更具体地,当滑动件7、7'向下移动时,夹爪8、8'的加热构件16、16'和衬垫17、17'沿相应的部分H3、H3'从其相应的顶部死点位置S、S'移动,且夹爪8、8'移动至其相应的闭合位置。
接下来,当夹爪8、8'处于其相应的闭合位置处时,加热构件16、16'和衬垫17、17'与管2协同作用并沿相应的密封路径G、G'行进。
加热构件16、16'和衬垫17、17'沿相应部分H1、H1'开始分开,直至夹爪8、8'到达相应的底部死点位置I、I'。
当滑动件7、7'向上移动时,夹爪8、8'的加热构件16、16'和衬垫17、17'沿部分H2、H2'行进,沿所述部分,所述加热构件和衬垫从相应的底部死点位置I、I'移至相应的顶部死点位置S、S'。
换句话说,滑动件7随着夹爪8移至完全打开(闭合)位置而向上(向下)移动,且同时当滑动件7'随着夹爪8'接近或处于闭合(完全打开)位置而向下(向上)移动时,从而使得组件6'的臂部11'平滑而没有干扰地经过组件6的臂部11之间。
更具体地,当加热构件16、16'和衬垫17、17'沿部分H1、H1'和H2、H2'和密封路径G、G'行进时,杆22的移动仅取决于加数P1、P1',且夹爪8、8'在完全打开位置与闭合位置之间的轨迹对应于基本轨迹。
相反地,当加热构件16、16'和衬垫17、17'沿部分H3、H3'行进时,杆22的移动取决于加数P1和P2、P1'和P2'的加和,且夹爪8、8'的轨迹不同于相应的基本轨迹,即,更接近或更远离轴线A,这取决于由加数P1'和P2'决定的校正。
下面将结合一个包装3的形成对单元1的操作进行描述,且所述操作始于夹爪8的加热构件16和衬垫17位于其相应的顶部死点位置S处。
从该位置处,加热构件16和衬垫17沿重新定位路径H的部分H3行进,在所述路径端部处,夹爪8位于闭合位置处。
更具体地,当加热构件16和衬垫17沿相应部分H3移动时,紧固件13、14被共同置于接合位置处,在所述位置处其由气缸15保持。
加热构件16和衬垫17随后沿密封路径G行进,且夹爪8位于闭合位置处。
沿密封路径G,加热构件16和衬垫17彼此协同作用以便形成包装3的密封条带9a。
密封条带9a的形成导致密封条带9a上方的一定量食品沿图5所示的方向,即沿与管2的行进方向相反的方向,被泵送进入管2内。
被泵送的一定量食品流动通过宽度为M的通道24,所述通道在轴线A的任一侧上由加热构件16'和衬垫17'限定,所述加热构件和衬垫正到达相应部分H3'的端部并相对于夹爪8的加热构件16和17是“绝缘的(lagging)”。
控制方案P'被产生以便调节通道24的宽度M且因此调节所述通道对泵送的一定量产品流经其中的阻力,这种调节是基于食品粘度和/或单元1的输出速率进行的。
更具体地,宽度M仅在紧固件13'、14'就要移动至接合位置之前被调节。
接下来,紧固件13'、14'移动至接合位置,且加热构件16'和衬垫17'完成了相应部分H3'且随后协同作用以便形成密封条带9b。
控制方案Q'监控杆21'的操作,从而使得,至少当形成密封条带9b时,加热构件16和衬垫17与加热构件16'和衬垫17'隔开距离L(所述距离是与轴线A平行地进行测量的),所述距离是值Y的函数。
获取单元40因此控制密封条带9a、9b之间的距离,且因此控制形成的包装3的高度和重量,所述控制是基于值Y进行的。
一旦完成密封条带9b,则刀片27'被启动以便将包装3切离管2。
在紧固件13'、14'就要移动至接合位置之前,紧固件13、14被释放,且在密封条带9b形成之后,夹爪8开始分离,且加热构件16和衬垫17开始沿相应部分H1移向相应的底部死点位置I。
接下来,加热构件16和衬垫17在用来控制杆21、22的控制方案P、Q的控制下分别沿相应的部分H2、H3并同样沿相应的密封路径G移动。
更具体地,沿部分H3,控制方案P调节通道24的宽度M,且控制方案Q将加热构件16和衬垫17定位在与加热构件16'和衬垫17'相隔距离L的位置处,所述距离取决于值Y,此时下一密封条带9a被形成而限定出下一包装3的顶部,所述下一包装在底部处由先前形成的密封条带9b限定。
当加热构件16、16'和衬垫17、17'沿密封路径G、G'行进时,相应的杆22、22'受到控制方案P、P'的控制以便将加热构件16、16'和相应的衬垫17、17'紧密地保持压在一起,并因此补偿所出现的任何松弛,所述松弛是由于在紧固件13、14、13'、14'的接近移动中和在气缸15、15'的控制电路中的公差造成的,以及由于当紧固件13、14、13'、14'被释放时夹爪8、8'倾向于分开且因此使得加热构件16、16'和衬垫17、17'倾向于分开的这种倾向性造成的。
通过上面的描述将易于理解根据本发明的单元1和方法的优点。
特别地,单元30通过控制方案Q、Q'并基于单元1运行时的值Y调节杆21、21'的移置。
这意味着每个包装3的密封条带9a与9b之间的距离L可受到实时控制并以精确、连续且可重复的方式与值Y适配,所述值对应于包装3的所需重量或体积。
由于包装3的体积取决于距离L,因此单元30使得包装3的重量能够以精确、可重复且可控的方式与值Y实时适配。
单元1因此产生了具有预定重量的包装3,而不必停机且不必损伤包装3的外观,正如在通过将垫片施加到半壳20的与包装3的外表面协同作用的壁部上的方式来控制包装3的重量时所出现地那样。事实上,使用垫片使得需要重复关闭单元1才能找到垫片的适当尺寸并施加该垫片。
当与未充满的包装3(即,其中食品的体积小于包装3的体积)一起作用时,单元1比施加垫片更为优越。在这种情况下,垫片将在包装3的外壁的围绕包装3的空白部分的那些部分上留下印记。
通过控制方案P、P'的加数P2、P2',单元30还使得能够在一旦形成密封条带9a(9b)的情况下且在形成密封条带9b(9a)之前,对通道24的宽度M进行精确、连续、可重复的实时调节,所述宽度即为加热构件16'(16)与衬垫17'(17)之间的距离。
根据可灌装食品的粘度和/或单元1的输出速率,单元30因此调节了通道24对食品流出的阻力,所述食品是被包含在限定于加热构件16和衬垫17与加热构件16'和衬垫17'之间的管的部分中的食品,且所述食品在形成密封条带9a(9b)时被向上“泵送”。
通过对通道24的流阻进行的调节,则一旦夹爪8'(8)到达闭合位置且加热构件16'(16)和衬垫17'(17)形成了密封条带9b(9a)时留在包装3内部的食品量也受到了调节。通过调节通道24的流阻,包装3的最终重量可因此受到调节,即使对于特别粘的可灌装食品如调味酱和较高的单元1输出速率也是如此。
此外,控制方案P、P'的加数P1、P1'由获取单元40产生以便将加热构件16、16'和相应的衬垫17、17'保持紧密地压在一起并沿相应的密封路径G、G'压到管2上。
这样做使得占据了由于在紧固件13、14、13'、14'的接近轨迹中以及在由气缸15、15'施加的液压握持力中不可避免出现的公差而导致在加热构件16、16'与相应的衬垫17、17'之间出现的与轴线A垂直的任何第一松弛。这种第一松弛会导致当夹爪8、8'位于闭合位置处时,将与轴线A垂直的加热构件16、16'和相应的衬垫17、17'分开,因此导致包装3的最终重量产生不可避免的难以控制的变化。
加数P1、P1'沿密封路径G、G'的贡献因此减轻了由于这种第一松弛而导致包装3的重量出现的变化,即使当在单元1的高输出速率下工作仍是如此。
加数P1、P1'还补偿了由于紧固件13、14、13'、14'在夹爪8、8'仍处于闭合位置处且加热构件16、16'和相应的衬垫17、17'仍未完成相应的密封路径G、G'时被释放而导致出现的垂直于轴线A的任何第二松弛。
更具体地,这种第二松弛对应于垂直于轴线A的余隙,在加热构件16、16'和相应的衬垫17、17'完成相应的密封路径G、G'之前被释放的紧固件13、14、13'、14'会导致在加热构件16、16'与衬垫17、17形成所述余隙。
同样在这种情况下,加数P1、P1'沿密封路径G、G'的贡献防止了第二松弛将包装3的重量控制复杂化,特别是在单元1的输出速率较高的情况下。
显然,可对本文所述的单元1和方法作出变化,但这种变化不会偏离所附权利要求书的范围。
特别地,单元1可以是那种包括两个对转链式传输带的单元,所述链式传输带限定出腔体,管2沿所述链式传输带被供给;其中一个传输带装备有多个夹爪,所述夹爪装配有加热构件,且另一传输带装备有多个对夹爪,所述对夹爪装配有压力衬垫且与夹爪协同作用以便对包装材料管的相应剖面进行热密封。

Claims (18)

1.一种生产可灌装进入包装材料管(2)内的食品的密封包装(3)的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
- 沿轴线(A)供给所述管(2);
- 使至少一对第一夹爪(8)和一对第二夹爪(8')循环且交替地沿与所述轴线(A)平行的相应的密封路径(G、G'),且沿相应的重新定位路径(H、H'),进行移动,沿所述重新定位路径,所述第一和第二夹爪(8、8')相对于所述管(2)移动;所述第一和第二夹爪(8、8')分别包括第一和第二密封构件(16、17;16'、17');
- 当所述第一夹爪和第二夹爪(8、8')沿相应的密封路径(G、G')行进时使所述第一夹爪和第二夹爪移至闭合位置,在所述闭合位置处,相应的所述第一和第二密封构件(16、17;16'、17')握持所述管(2)且分别在不同时间形成第一和第二密封件(9a、9b),所述第一和第二密封件对所述管(2)进行密封且限定出所述包装(3)的相应的相对端;并且
- 当所述第一夹爪和第二夹爪(8、8')沿相应的重新定位路径(H、H')行进时使所述第一夹爪和第二夹爪移至打开位置,在所述打开位置处,所述相应的第一和第二密封构件(16、17;16'、17')与所述管(2)分离;
- 获取与所述包装(3)的重量相关的数量的所需值(Y);和
- 在与所述第一密封件(9a)相隔第一距离(L)处形成所述第二密封件(9b),所述第一距离是所述值(Y)的函数;所述第一距离(L)是与所述轴线(A)平行地进行测量的;
所述方法的特征在于,包括调节与所述轴线(A)横向交叉的介于所述第二夹爪(8')的所述第二密封构件(16'、17')之间的第二距离(M)的步骤,所述调节是基于与所述食品的粘度相关的第一参数和与所述包装(3)的输出速率相关的第二参数中的至少一个参数进行的,且所述调节是在所述第一夹爪(8)的所述第一密封构件(16、17)已经形成了所述第一密封件(9a)之后且在所述第二夹爪(8')的所述第二密封构件(16'、17')形成所述第二密封件(9b)之前进行的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,包括基于所述值(Y)产生第一和第二控制方案(Q、Q')的步骤,所述第一和第二控制方案分别控制第一和第二致动器组件(31、31')以便分别使所述第一和第二夹爪(8、8')与所述轴线(A)平行地沿所述相应的密封路径(G、G')移动;所述第一和所述第二控制方案(Q、Q')被产生以便将所述第一夹爪(8)的所述第一密封构件(16、17)定位在与所述第二夹爪(8')的所述第二密封构件(16'、17')相隔所述第一距离(L)的位置处,这至少是在形成所述第二密封件(9b)的所述步骤期间形成的。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述产生步骤中,至少所述第一控制方案(Q)被产生而作为取决于所述值(Y)的至少第一加数(Q2)和与所述值(Y)无关的第二加数(Q1、Q3)的加和。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,包括沿所述相应的重新定位路径(H、H')的相应的端部部分(H3、H3')使第一和第二紧固件(13、14;13'、14')接合的步骤,所述第一和第二紧固件被分别装配到所述第一和第二夹爪(8、8')上;调节所述第二距离(M)的所述步骤是在使所述第二紧固件(13'、14')接合的所述步骤之前进行的。
5.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,调节所述第二距离(M)的所述步骤包括基于所述第一和第二参数中的所述至少一个参数而至少产生第三控制方案(P')的步骤,所述第三控制方案控制第三致动器组件(32')以使所述第二夹爪(8')在所述打开位置与所述闭合位置之间移动。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,在产生所述第三控制方案(P')的所述步骤中,所述第三控制方案(P')被产生而作为取决于所述第一和第二参数中的所述至少一个参数的至少第三加数(P2')和与所述参数无关的至少第四加数(P1')的加和。
7.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述产生步骤中,所述第三控制方案(P')的产生与所述值(Y)无关。
8.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第四加数(P1')被产生以使所述第二夹爪(8')沿基本轨迹在所述闭合位置与所述打开位置之间移动;且其特征在于,所述第三加数(P2')被产生以便在所述第二夹爪(8')沿相应的所述重新定位路径(H')的至少相应的所述端部部分(H3')行进时对所述基本轨迹进行校正。
9.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述调节所述第二距离(M)的所述步骤包括基于所述第一和第二参数中的所述至少一个参数而至少产生第三控制方案(P')的步骤,所述第三控制方案控制第三致动器组件(32')以使所述第二夹爪(8')在所述打开位置与所述闭合位置之间移动,其中所述第三控制方案(P')被产生而作为取决于所述第一和第二参数中的所述至少一个参数的至少第三加数(P2')和与所述参数无关的至少第四加数(P1')的加和;
所述方法的进一步特征在于,包括在相应的所述第一和第二夹爪(8、8')完成相应的所述密封路径(G、G ')之前释放所述第一和第二紧固件(13、14;13'、14')的步骤;且其特征在于,产生所述第三控制方案(P')的所述步骤包括产生所述第四加数(P1')的步骤,所述第四加数被产生以便至少沿相应的所述密封路径(G、G')的端部部分且在实施了释放所述第二紧固件(13'、14')的所述步骤之后将所述第二夹爪(8')的所述第二密封构件(16'、17')压在一起。
10.一种用于生产可灌装进入包装材料管(2)内的食品的密封包装(3)的包装单元(1),所述包装材料管沿轴线(A)被供给;所述单元包括至少一对第一夹爪和一对第二夹爪(8、8'),进而分别包括第一和第二密封构件(16、17;16'、17');
所述第一和第二夹爪(8、8')在使用过程中可在闭合位置与打开位置之间移动,在所述闭合位置处,所述第一和第二密封构件(16、17;16'、17')握持所述管(2)且分别形成第一和第二密封件(9a、9b),所述第一和第二密封件与所述管(2)横向交叉且限定出所述包装(3)的相对端,在所述打开位置处,所述第一和第二密封构件(16、17;16'、17')与所述管(2)分离;
所述成对的第一和第二夹爪(8、8')可循环且交替地沿与所述轴线(A)平行的相应的密封路径(G、G'),且沿相应的重新定位路径(H、H'),进行移动,沿所述密封路径,所述成对的第一和第二夹爪被设定为相应的所述闭合位置,且沿所述相应的重新定位路径,所述成对的第一和第二夹爪被设定为相应的所述打开位置;
- 获取单元(40),所述获取单元用于获取与所述包装(3)的重量相关的数量的所需值(Y);
- 第一和第二致动器组件(31、31'),所述第一和第二致动器组件用于分别使所述第一和第二夹爪(8、8')与所述轴线(A)平行地移动;和
- 处理单元(30),所述处理单元用于基于所述值(Y)产生控制所述第一和第二致动器组件(31、31')的第一和第二控制方案(Q、Q');所述第一和第二控制方案(Q、Q')被产生以便在使用过程中将所述第二密封构件(16'、17')定位在与所述第一密封构件(16、17)相隔第一距离(L)的位置处,这至少是在所述第二密封构件(16'、17')形成所述第二密封件(9b)时进行的,所述第一距离取决于所述值(Y);
其特征在于,所述包装单元包括用于分别使所述第一和第二夹爪(8、8')在所述相应的闭合位置与打开位置之间移动的第三和第四致动器组件(32、32');且其特征在于,基于与所述食品粘度相关的第一参数和与所述包装(3)的输出速率相关的第二参数中的至少一个参数,所述处理器件(30)产生分别控制所述第三和第四致动器组件(32、32')的第三和第四控制方案(P、P');所述第三和第四控制方案(P、P')调节与所述轴线(A)横向交叉的介于所述第二夹爪(8')的所述第二密封构件(16'、17')之间的第二距离(M),所述调节是在所述第一夹爪(8)的所述第一密封构件(16、17)形成了所述第一密封件(9a)之后且在所述第二夹爪(8')的所述第二密封构件(16'、17')形成所述第二密封件(9b)之前进行的。
11.根据权利要求10所述的包装单元,其特征在于,所述第一和第二控制方案(Q、Q')中的至少一个控制方案是与所述值(Y)无关的至少第一加数(Q1、Q1')和取决于所述值(Y)的第二加数(Q2、Q2')的加和。
12.根据权利要求10所述的包装单元,其特征在于,所述第一和第二夹爪(8、8')被固定到与所述轴线(A)平行地延伸的相应滑动件(7、7')上;且其特征在于,至少所述第一致动器组件(31)包括:
- 由所述第一控制方案(Q)控制的第一伺服马达(41);和
- 构件(22),所述构件可根据取决于所述第一控制方案(Q)的时间方案移动且被功能性地连接至所述第一伺服马达(41)和所述滑动件(7)。
13.根据权利要求12所述的包装单元,其特征在于,所述第一致动器组件(31)包括滑轮(47)和皮带(44),所述滑轮以一定角度被连接至所述第一伺服马达(41)的输出构件,且所述皮带被卷绕在所述滑轮(47)周围;所述构件(22)被固定到所述皮带(44)的分支上。
14.根据权利要求13所述的包装单元,其特征在于,所述构件(22)是可与所述轴线(A)平行地移动的第一杆。
15.根据权利要求10所述的包装单元,其特征在于,所述第一和第二夹爪(8、8')包括相应的第一和第二紧固件(13、14;13'、14'),所述第一和第二紧固件沿所述相应密封路径(G、G')的起始部分接合且沿所述相应的重新定位路径(H、H')的至少相应部分(H1、H1';H2、H2')被释放;所述处理器件(30)在使用过程中在所述第二紧固件(13'、14')接合之前调节所述第二距离(M)。
16.根据权利要求10所述的包装单元,其特征在于,至少所述第三控制方案(P)是与所述第一和所述第二参数无关的至少第三加数(P1')和取决于所述第一和所述第二参数中的至少一个参数的第四加数(P2')的加和。
17.根据权利要求10所述的包装单元,其特征在于,所述第三控制方案(P)与所述值(Y)无关。
18.根据权利要求10所述的包装单元,其特征在于,至少所述第二致动器组件包括:
- 由所述第三控制方案(P)控制的第二伺服马达(42);
- 活动的第二杆(21),所述第二杆被功能性地连接至所述第二伺服马达(42)且可根据取决于所述第三控制方案(P)的时间方案与所述轴线(A)平行地移动;和
- 两根连接杆(25),所述连接杆被分别铰接至所述第二杆(21)且被铰接至相应第一夹爪(8)的附件(12)。
CN2009801307014A 2008-08-09 2009-08-07 用于生产可灌装入包装材料管内的食品的密封包装的包装方法和单元 Expired - Fee Related CN102119104B (zh)

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EP08162127.8A EP2151390B1 (en) 2008-08-09 2008-08-09 Packaging method and unit for producing sealed packages of a food product pourable into a tube of packaging material
EP08162127.8 2008-08-09
PCT/EP2009/060312 WO2010018141A1 (en) 2008-08-09 2009-08-07 Packaging method and unit for producing sealed packages of a food product pourable into a tube of packaging material

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BRPI0917576A2 (pt) 2019-09-24
RU2496696C2 (ru) 2013-10-27
CN102119104A (zh) 2011-07-06
EP2151390B1 (en) 2015-09-30
JP2011530455A (ja) 2011-12-22
JP5551162B2 (ja) 2014-07-16
MX2011001449A (es) 2011-04-11
US20110120059A1 (en) 2011-05-26
EP2151390A1 (en) 2010-02-10
RU2011108299A (ru) 2012-09-20
WO2010018141A1 (en) 2010-02-18
US8919081B2 (en) 2014-12-30

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