CN102103017A - Novel un-cooled infrared focal plane imaging system - Google Patents
Novel un-cooled infrared focal plane imaging system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system, which comprises infrared imaging light paths 1 and 7, illumination light paths 2 and 8, a light splitting device 3, an optical readout light path 4, a reference light path 5 and an image acquisition and processing system 6. The 1 images the hot image of an external scene on an infrared focal plane array 7, so that the array image element of the 7 is changed; the parallel light emitted from the 2 is split into two beams by the 3, wherein one beam enters the 1, is modulated by the 7 carrying external infrared hot image signals and then enters the 4, and the other beam directly enters the 5; and the light emitted from the 4 and the 5 simultaneously enters the 6, and the light is processed to output an infrared hot image. The system has the core that the 5 is increased; and when the image is processed, the infrared hot image output by the 4 can be corrected in real time by using the output signals of the 5 so as to eliminate the influence of light source and power supply ripples, light source ageing and environmental temperature and illumination changes on the imaging precision and the sensitivity of the system and improve the working stability and reliability of the system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system, especially a kind of double light path, optics are read the un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system of form.
Background technology
Traditional infra-red thermal imaging system belongs to the sweep type thermal imaging system, because its complex process, price is high, and volume is big, power consumption is big, is difficult to large-scale the use.The development of non-in recent years refrigeration FPA infrared thermal imaging technique makes manufacturing cost, volume, weight, the power consumption of infra-red thermal imaging system all significantly reduce, and also so has gradually realized commercialization in growing field.
A kind of new non refrigerating infrared imaging technology is the infrared focal plane array image-forming system, and its feature is to adopt focal plane array device FPA as infrared image sensor.FPA is based on the device of MEMS technology, and it is made up of the microimage unit cell array of micron dimension, and each microimage unit unit is made up of micro-cantilever and small reflector.Micro-cantilever is made of the material that two kinds of thermal expansivity differ bigger, after micro-cantilever absorbs infrared radiation, the temperature of beam rises, can reach thermal equilibrium very soon between two material layers, after the thermal equilibrium, because two kinds of material coefficient of thermal expansion coefficient difference are bigger, it is crooked that the stress between them will make beam produce, and amount of bow is directly proportional with the heat that micro-cantilever absorbs.Small reflector with only be connected with micro-cantilever, so micro-cantilever deflection of beam meeting drives the catoptron rotation, if can measure the angle value of mirror deflection, just can know the heat that micro-cantilever absorbed of each pixel unit, many pixels forming array, also just can form the temperature field of infrared origin, in other words, just can obtain the infrared radiation image of target object.
The detection mode of micro-cantilever distortion at present has two kinds, a kind ofly is called electrical readout, and another kind is called light and reads.The electrical readout mode is by the situation of change of electrical parameters such as electric capacity that detects the micro-cantilever knee or resistance, obtains the deformation quantity of semi-girder, and then extrapolates the infrared emanation that micro-cantilever absorbs, and recovers the infrared radiation image of target object.Needing to be characterized in the peripherals of configuration fairly simple, technology is also ripe relatively, but on FPA, amplify sensing circuit by the electric signal of complex structure, make the manufacture difficulty of FPA strengthen, and because this partial circuit itself can produce heat, so can influence the quality of infrared image to a certain extent.Another kind is called light and reads, be to use radiation of visible light FPA, obtain the deflection of semi-girder indirectly by the variable quantity of detection of reflected light, be characterized in and infrared signal will be converted to visible light signal by the subsequent optical read-out system, obtain infrared image signal with processing by detection to visible light signal.Compare with electrical readout, light is read has increased the transfer process of an infrared light to visible light, it is the peripheral configuration one cover visual light imaging system that needs of FPA, but need on FPA, not construct sensing circuit, make PFA simplified manufacturing process, while also avoid of the influence of the heat of sensing circuit generation to image quality.
Light is read the non refrigerating infrared imaging system, be by the FPA of illuminated with infrared radiation with the parallel radiation of visible light of a branch of non-interference, each pixel of infrared focal plane array has produced different distortion owing to absorb the difference of heat, also just carried the information of infrared focal plane array pixel distortion situation by the later directional light of these pixel reflections, receive these reflected light and computing, just can obtain the fine external radiation image of target object.
Many experts and scholar calculate that optical read-out system has lower ground unrest, higher sensitivity than electrical readout micro-cantilever FPA system in theory.But just at present domestic and international technical information, optical read-out system does not also reach the imaging effect of expection far away, even also be lower than the electrical readout mode, its reason has two aspects, be the restriction of infrared focal plane array device manufacturing technology level on the one hand, be the optical pickup system imaging performance on the other hand, these two aspects also are further to improve the important research direction that light is read un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system performance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to read the problem of un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system sensitivity at improving light, provide a kind of have double light path, can effectively deduct and eliminate light source power ripple, light source ages, environment temperature and the influence of illumination change, the stability and the reliability engineering of raising system works system.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical scheme:
1. novel un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system of the present invention comprises that infrared imaging light path, illumination path, light-dividing device, optical read go out light path, reference light paths and image acquisition and treating apparatus.The infrared imaging light path comprises infrared imaging camera lens and infrared focal plane array sensor, and infrared lens is imaged on the heat picture of target object on the infrared focus plane sensor, and infrared focus plane sensor pixels array is changed; Illumination path comprises light source, collimation camera lens and catoptron, for total system provides visible light beam; Light-dividing device comprises beam splitter, and the light that light source is sent is divided into two bundles according to certain ratio; Optical read goes out light path and comprises some imaging lens and wave filter, is used for the visual light imaging that carries infrared image signal at the CCD target surface; Reference light paths comprises catoptron, some imaging lens and wave filter, is used for monitor optical source current ripple, light source ages, environment temperature and illumination change.
2. this systematically imaging characteristics be: the light that sends from light source, expanded after bundle, the collimation, be divided into two bundles according to a certain percentage, wherein a branch of process infrared imaging light path and optical read go out light path, target becomes infrared picture to external world, and another bundle provides reference signal by reference light paths, and the light path of this two-beam process is equal substantially, and is also synchronous on the time.
3. this system is in image processing process, with reference signal infrared picture is revised in real time, deduction light source power ripple, light source ages, environment temperature and illumination change improve the stability and the reliability of system works to the influence of system imaging quality and sensitivity.
Beneficial effect
Adopt the present invention can realize real-time correction to infrared image, deduction since factors such as light source power ripple to the system imaging Effect on Performance.Than non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system in the early time, under the prerequisite of equal illumination power consumption, its imaging performance is improved, and the performance requirement of light source power is also reduced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that existing single beam light is read non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that novel twin-beam light of the present invention is read non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system synoptic diagram;
Wherein, description of reference numerals is as follows: 1. infrared imaging lens group among the figure; 2. light source collimates lens group; 3. spectrum groupware; 4. read light path; 5. reference light paths; 6. image acquisition and treating apparatus; 7. focal plane arrays (FPA); 8. monochromatic source
Embodiment
To describe specific embodiments of the invention in detail below.
1. system forms
Novel light of the present invention is read the non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system, goes out light path, reference light paths and image acquisition and treating apparatus is formed by infrared imaging light path, illumination path, light-dividing device, optical read, specifically as shown in Figure 2:
Infrared imaging optical routing infrared imaging lens group 1 and focal plane arrays (FPA) 7 formed, and infrared lens images in the heat picture of extraneous target on the focal plane arrays (FPA) 7, the variation that makes 7 pixel array produce rule;
Illumination path comprises light source 8 and light source collimation lens group 2, and illumination path provides visible, non-interference, parallel illuminating bundle for total system;
Light-dividing device mainly comprises spectrum groupware 2, and its major function is that the light that light source sends is divided into two bundles according to certain ratio, a branch of reference light paths that directly is injected into, another Shu Zhaoxiang focal plane arrays (FPA) 7, and be carried infrared image signal 7 the modulation;
Optical read goes out light path 4 and comprises some imaging lens and wave filter, is used for the light beam that carries infrared image signal is branched off into picture, and image is delivered in image acquisition and the treating apparatus;
Image acquisition and treating apparatus 6 are handled according to certain rules the signal that optical read goes out light path and reference light paths and provides, and the output thermal-induced imagery.
2. imaging process
Novel twin-beam light of the present invention is read the non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system, its imaging process as shown in Figure 2:
Extraneous target infrared heat picture enters non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system of the present invention by infrared lens 1, and images on the focal plane arrays (FPA) 7, shown in arrow VI.Focal plane arrays (FPA) 7 is owing to absorbed heat, and the catoptron of pixel array can deflect under the drive of semi-girder.
The diverging light that light source 8 sends after collimated lens group 2 expansions are restrainted, collimated, turn back, is injected light-dividing device 3, as shown by arrow I.Light-dividing device 3 is divided into two bundles according to a certain percentage with the parallel beam of incident, a branch of reference light paths of injecting, and shown in arrow II, another road directive focal plane arrays (FPA) 7 is modulated by focal plane arrays (FPA) 7, shown in arrow III.By the later light beam of this row of focal plane 7 modulation, carried extraneous target infrared heat picture, this light beam is by 7 reflections, pass spectrum groupware after, enter into optical read and go out light path 4, shown in arrow IV, optical read goes out light path it is imaged in information acquisition and treating apparatus.The light beam that enters reference light paths 5 is reflected, images in information acquisition and treating apparatus, and real-time monitor optical source current ripple, light source ages, environment temperature and illumination change are shown in arrow V.
3. revise infrared image in real time with reference signal
Novel twin-beam light of the present invention is read the non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system, and it is as follows to revise infrared image in real time with reference signal:
(1) infrared image obtains
The infrared image acquisition process that single beam light shown in the accompanying drawing 1 is read the non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system is: at first by system to the reference blackbody imaging, be defaulted as external environment to focal plane arrays (FPA) 7 no modulating actions this moment, and then image acquisition and treating apparatus 6 each pixel obtain an ENERGY E
0System's infrared object imaging to external world then, external image images on the focal plane arrays (FPA) 7 via infrared lens group 1, makes the pixel of focal plane arrays (FPA) 5 produce corresponding angular deflection, causes the ENERGY E i and the E of each pixel acquisition of image acquisition and treating apparatus 6
0Stages of labor difference, the difference of the two is a thermal-induced imagery, that is:
Thermal-induced imagery Ei
0=E
0-Ei
Wherein: E
0=E η
1η
2η
0η
3(1)
Ei＝E·η
1·η
2·η·η
3 ………………………(2)
E is light source 8 luminous intensities, η
1Be the light transmission efficiency of light source collimation lens group 2, η
2Be the light transmission efficiency of spectrum groupware 3, η
0Be the light transmission efficiency of focal plane arrays (FPA) 7, η
3Be the defeated efficient of the light of reading light path 4, η is the light transmission efficiency of system to focal plane arrays (FPA) 7 after the infrared object imaging;
So: Ei
0=E
0-Ei
＝E·η
1·η
2·η
3·(η
0-η)………………(3)
E=Ee+ Δ Et in fact, and 0 constantly and t moment Δ E be different (η
1η
2η
3Also t changes to some extent in time, but mainly is Δ Et), i.e. E η in formula (1) and (2)
1η
2η
3And incomplete same (wherein mainly being E).Directly employing formula (3) is carried out image calculation, can introduce error.
(2) revise infrared image in real time with reference signal
Novel twin-beam light shown in Figure 2 is read the non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system, has increased a reference optical channel 5 on the basis of Fig. 1, and guarantees reference optical channel 5 and original light path 4 aplanatisms, the i.e. E ' η of reference light paths 5 of reading
1' η
2' η
3' with the E η that reads light path 4
1η
2η
3Consistent.It is the same to read the non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system with single beam light, and reading light path 4 has:
E
0s＝(Ee+ΔE
0)·η
1·η
2·η
0·η
3…………………(4)
Eis＝(Ee+ΔEt)·η
1·η
2·η·η
3?…………………(5)
EOp＝(Ee+ΔE
0)′·η
1′·η
2′·η
3′
＝(Ee+ΔE
0)·η
1·η
2·η
3 …………………(6)
Eip＝(Ee+ΔEt)′·η
1′·η
2′·η
3′
＝(Ee+ΔEt)·η
1·η
2·η
3 …………………(7)
Order: Ei
0=E
0-Ei=(E
0S/E
0P)-(Eis/Eip)=η
0-η ... (8)
According to formula (8) as can be seen, novel twin-beam light is read the non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system and has been removed the influence to system imaging of light source power ripple, light source ages, environment temperature and illumination change preferably.By subsequent image processing, can better obtain infrared image, improve the stability and the reliability of system works.
Claims (7)
1. novel un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system, comprise the infrared imaging light path, illumination path, light-dividing device, optical read goes out light path, reference light paths, image acquisition and treating apparatus, it is characterized in that having two optical channels, one of them optical channel object to external world becomes thermal-induced imagery, another optical channel provides reference information, when Flame Image Process, utilize reference information that thermal-induced imagery is revised in real time, thereby eliminate the light source power ripple, light source ages, environment temperature and illumination change improve the stability and the reliability of system works to the influence of system imaging precision and sensitivity.
2. novel un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the infrared imaging light path comprises infrared imaging camera lens and infrared focal plane array, illumination path comprises light source, collimation camera lens and catoptron, light-dividing device comprises beam splitter, optical read goes out light path and comprises some imaging lens and wave filter, and reference light paths comprises catoptron, some imaging lens and wave filter.
3. novel un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the diverging light that sends from light source after some lens expand bundle, collimation back, reflect, enters light-dividing device.
4. novel un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described beam splitter is divided into two bundles with a branch of directional light of incident, a branch of in order to survey the deflection of infrared focal plane array pixel, form thermal-induced imagery, another is restrainted in order to reference light information to be provided.
5. novel non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system according to claim 4, it is consistent with the reference light paths light path to it is characterized in that optical read goes out light path.
6. according to claim 4 and 5 described novel non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging systems, it is characterized in that image acquisition and treating apparatus gather the signal that optical read goes out light path and reference light paths simultaneously.
7. according to claim 4,5 and 6 described novel non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging systems, it is characterized in that image acquisition and treating apparatus utilize the signal of reference light paths, the infrared image signal that optical read is gone out light path output is revised in real time, eliminates the influence to system imaging precision and sensitivity of light source power ripple, light source ages, environment temperature and illumination change.
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Application publication date: 20110622 |