CN102279053A - Uncooled infrared focal plane array imaging system containing time modulation device - Google Patents
Uncooled infrared focal plane array imaging system containing time modulation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102279053A CN102279053A CN2011100894072A CN201110089407A CN102279053A CN 102279053 A CN102279053 A CN 102279053A CN 2011100894072 A CN2011100894072 A CN 2011100894072A CN 201110089407 A CN201110089407 A CN 201110089407A CN 102279053 A CN102279053 A CN 102279053A
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Abstract
The invention provides an uncooled infrared focal plane array imaging system containing a time modulation device. The system comprises: an infrared modulation imaging optical path1, an infrared modulation imaging optical path 2, an infrared modulation imaging optical path 3, an illuminating optical path 4, an illuminating optical path 5, an optical reading optical path 6, and an image collection and processing system 7. Focusing is carried out on an external object by an infrared imaging camera lens 1; after time modulation by an optical modulator 2, imaging is realized in an infrared focal plane array 3 and then the infrared focal plane array 3 makes a corresponding change; light emitted by a light source 4 shoots to the infrared focal plane array 3 after collimation by a collimating lens set 5; and then after space modulation by the infrared focal plane array 3, the light passes through the optical reading optical path 6 and is focused and imaged on the image collection and processing system 7; and at last, the image collection and processing system 7 outputs an infrared thermal image. The core of the invention is characterized in that: a time modulation device 2 is arranged in an optical path of an uncooled infrared focal plane array imaging system, so that the image collection and processing system 7 can alternatively receives an infrared image signal and a background and system noise signal; the image collection and processing system 7 utilizes the background noise signal to carry out correction on the infrared image signal, so that influences of vibration, an environmental illumination change, infrared focal plane array device deformation, a light source change, ray machine structure deformation and CCD noise on the imaging quality of the system can be eliminated; and therefore, working stability, reliability and sensitivity of the system are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system that contains the time modulating device, especially a kind of infrared modulation imaging, optics are read the high-performance un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system of form.
Background technology
Infrared thermal imaging technique all has a very wide range of applications in the military and civilian field, and more and more is subjected to the attention of all trades and professions.But traditional infra-red thermal imaging system is owing to problems such as its technology, cost, volume, weight, power consumptions, and one does not obtain large-scale, general use.
In recent years, read the semi-girder focal plane arrays (FPA) that declines (focal plane array based on the light of MOEMS technology, FPA) thermal imaging system, adopt focal plane array device FPA as infrared image sensor, greatly reduce volume, the weight of infrared system, provide strong condition on a large scale, generally using infrared imaging system.Focal plane array device is a kind of micro cantilever structure, micro-cantilever is made of the material that two kinds of thermal expansivity differ bigger, after micro-cantilever absorbs infrared radiation, the temperature of beam rises, thermal equilibrium can be reached very soon between two material layers, after the thermal equilibrium, because two kinds of material coefficient of thermal expansion coefficient difference are bigger, it is crooked that stress between them will make beam produce, and amount of bow is directly proportional with the heat that micro-cantilever absorbs.So extraneous temperature field can cause micro-cantilever array to produce corresponding distortion, if can accurately detect the deflection of the micro-cantilever of each in the micro-cantilever array, then can obtain extraneous temperature field and distribute, in other words, can obtain infrared image.
The detection of micro-cantilever deflection mainly contains electrical readout and light is read dual mode.The former is the situation of change by electrical parameters such as electric capacity that detects the micro-cantilever knee or resistance, obtains the deformation quantity of semi-girder.This method peripherals is fairly simple, but will be on FPA the additional configurations complicated circuit, strengthened the manufacture difficulty of FPA, and the heat of circuit itself can influence the quality of infrared image to a certain extent.Another kind is called light to be read, and is to realize infrared light, and--thermo-mechanical deformation--reflective light intensity of irradiation visible light changes--is gone back the process of original image.On each micro-cantilever, small reflector is arranged all.Use the radiation of visible light micro-cantilever array, the catoptron of micro-cantilever array can reflect visible light, when the deflection of each micro-cantilever not simultaneously, the catoptron that each micro-cantilever carries also can be different to the reflecting effect of the visible light of irradiation, can obtain the deflection of semi-girder by the variable quantity of detection of reflected light, restore and be infrared image.The peripherals that this method need dispose is than electrical readout complexity, but need not construct sensing circuit on FPA, avoided the influence to image quality of heat that sensing circuit produces.
Theoretically, light read-around ratio electrical readout micro-cantilever FPA system has lower ground unrest, higher sensitivity, but just at present domestic and international technical information, and light is read the imaging effect that does not reach expection far away, even also is lower than the electrical readout mode.The image-forming principle that research light is read FPA infrared imaging system light path as can be seen, the factor that influence system stability, reliability, sensitivity is a lot, its reason has two aspects, one side is the restriction of technology, device performance, is the system design level on the other hand.Be further to improve the important research direction that light is read un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system performance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to read the problem of un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system job stability, reliability and sensitivity at improving light, provide a kind of have time modulation, can eliminate effectively that ambient vibration, environment temperature and illumination change, infrared focal plane array device distortion, light source power ripple, light source ages, mechanical-optical setup are out of shape, the CCD noise is to the influence of system imaging quality, the technology of raising system works stability, reliability and sensitivity.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical scheme:
1. novel high-performance un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system of the present invention comprises that infrared modulation imaging optical path, illumination path, optical read go out light path, image acquisition and treating apparatus.The infrared modulation imaging optical path comprises infrared imaging camera lens, photomodulator and infrared focal plane array sensor, and the spatial modulation signal of infrared image, background and noise signal is provided by regular hour frequency timesharing for imaging system; Illumination path comprises light source, collimation lens group, for imaging system provides visible illumination imaging beam; Optical read goes out light path and comprises some imaging lens groups and wave filter, is used for being carried out filtering, focal imaging by the later visible illumination imaging beam of infrared modulation imaging optical path spatial modulation, and image imaging is on the CCD target surface; Image acquisition and treating apparatus are exported infrared image after to signal Processing.
2. this systematically imaging characteristics be: the infrared imaging camera lens is the target focal imaging to external world, the photomodulator that is arranged in this focal imaging light path is modulated back directive infrared focal plane array device to the infrared imaging light time of carrying out, infrared focal plane array device receives the later infrared imaging light of elapsed time modulation, and its array pixel produces corresponding the variation; The light that sends from light source, after being expanded bundle, collimating, directive infrared modulation imaging optical path is also entered optical read later on by spatial modulation and goes out light path, images in the CCD surface.Because the spatial modulation signal that the infrared modulation imaging optical path provides has timesharing, portion of time is an infrared image signal, another part time is background and system noise signal, so the picture signal that CCD receives also is infrared image signal, background and the system noise signal that replaces by certain frequency, and these two signals have the identical characteristics of light path, also basic synchronization on the time.
3. this system is in image processing process, with background and system noise signal infrared image signal is constantly revised, thereby reach eliminate that ambient vibration, environment temperature are out of shape with illumination change, infrared focal plane array device distortion, light source power ripple, light source ages, mechanical-optical setup, the CCD noise is to the influence of system imaging quality, the purpose of raising system works stability, reliability and sensitivity.
Beneficial effect
Employing the present invention can realize the correction to infrared image, deduction ambient vibration, environment temperature are out of shape with illumination change, infrared focal plane array device distortion, light source power ripple, light source ages, mechanical-optical setup, the CCD noise is to the influence of system imaging quality, raising system works stability, reliability and sensitivity.Than non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system in the early time, under equal conditions, its imaging performance is improved, and environment for use requirement, system device are required also corresponding reduction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that existing light is read non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a novel high-performance non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Wherein, description of reference numerals is as follows: 1. infrared imaging lens group among the figure; 2. photomodulator; 3. infrared focal plane array; 4. light source; 5. collimation lens group; 6. optical read goes out light path; 7. image acquisition and treating apparatus.
Embodiment
To describe specific embodiments of the invention in detail below.
1. system forms
Novel high-performance non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system of the present invention goes out light path and image acquisition and treating apparatus by infrared modulation imaging optical path, illumination path, optical read and forms, specifically as shown in Figure 2:
The infrared modulation imaging optical path is made up of infrared imaging lens group 1, photomodulator 2 and infrared focal plane array 3, infrared lens is with the heat picture focal imaging of extraneous target, the photomodulator that is arranged in imaging optical path carries out the time modulation to the infrared imaging light beam, modulate later light imaging on 7,7 pixel array produces the variation of rule;
Illumination path comprises light source 4 and light source collimation lens group 5, and illumination path provides visible, non-interference, parallel illumination imaging beam for total system;
Optical read goes out light path 6 and comprises some imaging lens and wave filter, be used for to by the later visible illumination imaging beam focal imaging of infrared modulation lens group spatial modulation in the CCD surface of image acquisition and treating apparatus;
Image acquisition and treating apparatus 7, the signal that optical read is gone out light path output is handled according to certain rules, and the output thermal-induced imagery.
2. imaging process
Novel high-performance twin-beam light of the present invention is read the non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system, its imaging process as shown in Figure 2:
Extraneous target infrared heat picture enters novel high-performance twin-beam light of the present invention by infrared lens 1 and reads non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system (shown in the arrow I), and the photomodulator 2 that is positioned in the imaging optical path carries out the time modulation, image in then (shown in the arrow II) on the focal plane arrays (FPA) 3, focal plane arrays (FPA) 3 is owing to absorbed heat, and the catoptron of pixel array can deflect under the drive of semi-girder.
The diverging light that light source 4 sends, collimated lens group 5 expands after bundle, the collimation, inject infrared modulation imaging optical path (shown in the arrow III), by the later illumination imaging beam of focal plane arrays (FPA) 3 modulation, enter optical read and go out light path 6 (shown in the arrow IV), optical read goes out light path it is imaged on the CCD target surface of information acquisition and treating apparatus.Because the spatial modulation signal that the infrared modulation imaging optical path provides has timesharing, portion of time is an infrared image signal, another part time is background and system noise signal, so the picture signal that CCD receives also is infrared image signal, background and the system noise signal that replaces by certain frequency.
3. with background and system noise signal correction infrared image
Novel high-performance non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system of the present invention is as follows with background and system noise signal correction infrared image:
(1) infrared image obtains
The infrared image acquisition process that light shown in the accompanying drawing 1 is read the non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system is: at first by system to the Reference imaging, be defaulted as external environment to focal plane arrays (FPA) 3 no imagings this moment, and then image acquisition and treating apparatus 7 each pixel obtain an ENERGY E O; System's infrared object imaging to external world then, external image images on the focal plane arrays (FPA) 3 via infrared lens group 1, make the pixel of focal plane arrays (FPA) 3 produce corresponding angular deflection, the ENERGY E i and the EO stages of labor difference that cause each pixel acquisition of image acquisition and treating apparatus 7, the difference of the two is a thermal-induced imagery, that is:
Thermal-induced imagery Ei
0=E
0-Ei ... (1)
Wherein: E
0=E η
1η
2η
0(2)
Ei＝E·η
1·η
2·η ………………………(3)
E is the luminous intensity of light source 4, η
1Be the light transmission efficiency of light source collimation lens group 5, η
2For reading the light transmission efficiency of light path 6, η
0Be the light transmission efficiency of focal plane arrays (FPA) 3, η is the light transmission efficiency of system to focal plane arrays (FPA) 3 after the infrared object imaging;
In fact, the E in formula (2) and the formula (3), η
1, η
2, η
0, η can have certain fluctuation: E to change with light source ages, light source power ripple in time; η
1, η
2Can be because external environment changes, malformation changes; η
0Meeting changes owing to external shock produces greatly, thereby causes the result of calculation distortion of formula (1).Particularly when system need work long hours, the infrared image of system's output was understood distortion, and more and more fuzzyyer, loses imaging capability gradually.
(2) with background and noise signal correction infrared image
Novel high-performance non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system shown in Figure 2 has increased a photomodulator 2 on the basis of Fig. 1, infrared imaging light is carried out the time modulation.Image acquisition and treating apparatus 7 timesharing receive infrared image Es and background and noise image Eo, and this two classes signal is by the alternately appearance of regular hour frequency, and promptly t occurs constantly, then Es appears in t+1 constantly, Eo appears in t+2 constantly ... because t and t+1 interval of delta t constantly is very little, E, η
1, η
2, η
0, the variation of η will be very little also, even can ignore, so, if according to:
E
(t+1)＝Eo
t-Es
(t+1) ……………………(4)
Result calculated output infrared image then can overcome to a great extent owing to E η
1, η
2, η
0η changes the image fault that causes in time even loses the difficulty of imaging capability, that is to say that this imaging system can deduct the influence to the system imaging quality of ambient vibration, environment temperature and illumination change, infrared focal plane array device distortion, light source power ripple, light source ages, mechanical-optical setup distortion, CCD noise preferably, improve system works stability, reliability and sensitivity.
Claims (7)
1. un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system that contains the time modulating device, comprise the infrared modulation imaging optical path, illumination path, optical read goes out light path, image acquisition and treating apparatus, it is characterized in that adopting the photomodulator in the infrared modulation imaging optical path that imaging infrared light is carried out the time modulation: under the different modulating state, the corresponding unlike signal of the image that image acquisition and treating apparatus collect source, has different meanings, when Flame Image Process, utilize unlike signal that infrared image is revised, thereby elimination ambient vibration, environment temperature and illumination change, the infrared focal plane array device distortion, the light source power ripple, light source ages, the mechanical-optical setup distortion, the CCD noise improves system works stability to the influence of system imaging quality, reliability and sensitivity.
2. the un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system that contains the time modulating device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the infrared modulation imaging optical path comprises infrared imaging camera lens, optical modulation assembly, infrared focal plane array, illumination path comprises light source, collimating mirror group, and optical read goes out light path and comprises imaging lens group and wave filter.
3. the un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system that contains the time modulating device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the described infrared imaging light beam that enters in the infrared modulation imaging optical path, carried out the time modulation by the optical modulation assembly, make the output of infrared modulation imaging optical path have timesharing, portion of time is an infrared image, and another part time is the detection system ambient noise signal.
4. a kind of un-cooled infrared focal plane array imaging system that contains the time modulating device according to claim 1, the diverging light that it is characterized in that sending from light source enters the infrared modulation imaging optical path after the collimating mirror group expands bundle, collimation.
5. novel high-performance non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system according to claim 4 is characterized in that surveying the light path of infrared image, and in full accord with the light path of detection system ground unrest, imaging pixel is also in full accord.
6. novel high-performance non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system according to claim 5 is characterized in that image acquisition and treating apparatus acquisition time infrared image signal and ambient noise signal, and the timesharing frequency is by decision modulation period of photomodulator.
7. novel high-performance non-refrigerating infrared focal plane imaging system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that image acquisition and treating apparatus utilize ambient noise signal, infrared image signal is revised, be out of shape with illumination change, infrared focal plane array device distortion, light source power ripple, light source ages, mechanical-optical setup to eliminate ambient vibration, environment temperature, the CCD noise is to the influence of system imaging quality, raising system works stability, reliability and sensitivity.
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Cited By (1)
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