CN105371958A - Method of calibrating quantum efficiency of infrared detector by using correlated photons - Google Patents
Method of calibrating quantum efficiency of infrared detector by using correlated photons Download PDFInfo
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- CN105371958A CN105371958A CN201510788734.5A CN201510788734A CN105371958A CN 105371958 A CN105371958 A CN 105371958A CN 201510788734 A CN201510788734 A CN 201510788734A CN 105371958 A CN105371958 A CN 105371958A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium antimonide Chemical compound [Sb]#[In] WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- DGJPPCSCQOIWCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium mercury Chemical compound [Cd].[Hg] DGJPPCSCQOIWCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/80—Calibration
Abstract
The invention discloses a method of calibrating quantum efficiency of an infrared detector by using correlated photons. PPLN crystals produced by Longcai of Taiwan are adopted to prepare a pair of high-brightness 631nm/3390nm correlated photon sources, and an electrometer is adopted to acquire two ways of photo current, and a unique photo current processing physical model is adopted. A unique three-piece filter light path and a specially-made vacuum refrigeration Dewar pot are used. Calibration of the quantum efficiency of the InSb infrared analog detector is realized, and the result is estimated quantitatively. The calibrated result is compared with the national metering unit, the relative deviation of the two is 3.6%, and measurement uncertainty is estimated to be 7.785% (k=2). A large number of basic experiments are provided for realizing infrared broad band continuous spectral calibration for next temperature tuning and simulation calibration of a CCD camera in a visible band.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical radiation measuring method field, specifically one utilizes relative photon to carry out infrared eye quantum efficiency to determine calibration method.
Background technology
Along with the development of optical remote sensing technology, various application purpose optical sensor arises at the historic moment.Calibrating method traditional in the world transmits detector based on calibrated radiation source and standard at present, their something in common is: first need to set up high-precision primary criteria, set up with the standard of different accuracy grade afterwards and transmit chain, until user sensor, in fact calibration is exactly the process compared step by step.Standard transfer chain ensure that the response of various sensor can be traceable to a common benchmark, but it also limit the repdocutbility of standard procedure and effective raising of precision, application and the workbench of light radiation sensor vary, often need to design different transfer chain, to meet from radiometer under water to the difference calibration requirement of satellite imagery spectrometer.This, while increase calibration difficulty, inevitably causes calibration precision to reduce gradually with the increase of transmission link.The error of each grade standard itself can be transmitted step by step, finally be accumulated on user sensor, from result of study both domestic and external, standard transmittance process is one of bottleneck of limiting sensor precision, this shows particularly outstanding at infrared band, such as the precision of short-wave infrared (1-2.5 μm) elementary spectrum spoke luminance standard can reach 0.2%, but airborne sensor is difficult to be better than 5% in the precision of this wave band both at home and abroad.The black matrix that temperature accurately controls is often used as primary criteria radiation source, and its absolute radiation degree can be determined according to Planck's law of radiation and international temperature scale.Low temperature radiometer is that grow up nearly ten years, that precision is the highest at present standard detector, and it utilizes electrical heating to substitute and measures photo-thermal effect under extremely low temperature, realizes the absolute measurement of optical radiation.Because precision is higher, and be easily combined with sensor on a variety of platforms, calibrating method based on standard detector obtains the promotion energetically of the application departments such as space remote sensing, and American and Britain, De Deng developed country are all greatly developing the standard detector technology of each wave band.In recent years, calibrating method based on relative photon obtains increasingly extensive concern, parametric down conversion (SPDC) effect which utilizes nonlinear optical crystal produces entangled light source, be self absolute and " without tracing to the source " calibrating method a kind of in essence, there are huge applications potentiality in the calibration of optical sensor.
The calibration of the temporal correlation of relative photon to photon counting-type detective quantum efficiency is utilized to be general at present and comparatively ripe calibration technology.But what apply in most of photoelectric measurement and remote sensing is analog prober, its fluence-rate ranges accepted is greatly about 10
-12w to 10
-6w scope, corresponding photon velocity is 10
8individual/s to 10
14individual/s, the signal that detector exports is photocurrent, and cannot carry out photon counting and coincidence measurement, the coincidence measurement basic skills that photon counting-type detector adopts can not meet the scaling requirements of analog prober.
The quantum efficiency calibration that mathematical statistics can realize analog prober is carried out to the photo-signal that relative photon binary channels exports.Gondola Brida group utilizes 355nm Q-switched laser pumping bbo crystal, create a pair degeneracy relative photon pair, adopt the method for two-way photon counting mathematical statistics, calibrate the quantum efficiency of CCD camera, its the calibration results shows that it is uncertainly better than 2.9%, confirms the feasibility of this method in analogue scaling.
summary of the inventionthe object of this invention is to provide one to utilize relative photon to carry out infrared eye quantum efficiency to determine calibration method, make use of novel PPLN crystal as nonlinear medium, the uncertainty of measurement that quantum efficiency is calibrated is reduced to 7.785%.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Utilize relative photon to carry out infrared eye quantum efficiency and determine calibration method, it is characterized in that: utilize relative photon to carry out infrared eye quantum efficiency and determine calibration method, it is characterized in that: the narrow linewidth 532nm laser beam produced by Verdi18 diode laser is pumping source, this light beam is successively through the polarizer, half-wave plate, the perpendicular linear polarization light of High Extinction Ratio is formed after Glan-Taylor prism, it is 1mm high power density hot spot that this linearly polarized light forms diameter after the focal length lens focus that focal length is f=120mm, the minimum diameter position of this hot spot overlaps with position, germ nucleus.Hot spot pumping after focusing is placed in black box the PPLN crystal being of a size of 50mm × 3mm × 1.5mm, and the cycle of crystal is 10.6258 μm, can realize the conllinear parametric down conversion process of 532nm → 631nm+3390nm at 25 DEG C.
Described crystal produces relative photon pair and the basic conllinear of pump light, the 631nm relative photon produced is successively by incident photomultiplier after 690nm dichroic mirror, 400-750nm high reflective mirror, 567nm dichroic mirror, the long pass filter of 550nm, 567nm dichroic mirror, and its output photoelectric stream is used in the BNC connector of electrostatic screening importing electrometer to carry out photocurrent detection;
The infrared band relative photon of an other road 3390nm is successively in the dichroic mirror of 690nm, beam splitter, chopper, BaF2 focal length lens, 3500nm narrow band pass filter, the incident InSb detector of aperture, the photocurrent exported directly imports in electrometer, BaF2 lens, 3500nm narrow band pass filter, diaphragm are placed in the Dewar tank of liquid nitrogen refrigerating, by building the radiation of low temperature environment Background suppression;
The photo-signal of two-way is gathered, the quantity of electric charge that the photocurrent that a certain moment collects comprises is converted to equivalent photon counting, and adopt the technical scheme of double light path balance detection and double-channel data fluctuating corrective, the equivalent photon counting of the convergent-divergent two-way of equal proportion, substitutes in the multi-mode correlation models of correlator the calibration that can realize infrared eye quantum efficiency by the photon counting after convergent-divergent.
What pump laser of the present invention adopted is ti sapphire laser system, and be less than the 532nm laser beam of 5Mhz by Verdi18 diode laser generation live width, PPLN crystal system TaiWan, China Long Cai company limited produces.Meeting under the prerequisite that phase-matching condition, crystalline dispersion equation and temperature accurately control, creating the 631nm/3390nm relative photon pair of wavelength, energy, time correlation, utilizing these two relative photons to We conducted the work of infrared InSb analog prober quantum efficiency radiation calibration.
For solving the problem of analog photoelectricity signal transacting and acquisition two paths of signals relevant information difficulty, the physical model constructing double light path balance detection and double-channel data fluctuating corrective of uniqueness of the present invention, solves cleverly based on relative photon calibration analog prober sciences problems.
In order to eliminate pump light parasitic light completely, improving and measuring signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), uniqueness of the present invention have employed three filtering light paths, well eliminate the roundtrip of pump light between optical element and the pump light parasitic light additionally introduced.
In order to better Background suppression infrared radiation, improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of 3390nm infrared acquisition.Optical element is placed on the Dewar tank scheme of liquid nitrogen refrigerating by the employing of uniqueness of the present invention, effectively reduces background infrared radiation.
The present invention has calibrated the quantum efficiency of InSb analog prober at 3390nm wave band, and has been finally inversed by its absolute power responsiveness, this result and domestic measurement unit is compared, and both relative deviations are 3.6%.Adopt the international criterion evaluation handbook describing method guide of uncertainty " in the measuring process " to draw 7.785%(k=2) uncertainty of measurement, utilize this kind of method to realize the calibration of infrared InSb detector, in the world also temporarily without report in this respect.
The present invention can qualitative assessment medium-wave infrared analog prober (as indium antimonide detector, mercury-cadmium tellurid detector) absolute power responsiveness, in military and national defence, fire-fighting, factory's instrument maintenance, weather detection, the getting a lot of applications of resource exploration and astronomical observation aspect; The experiment porch of qualitative assessment quantum efficiency can also be provided for infrared eye manufacturer, the performance of its instrument that dispatches from the factory is detected.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the present invention's infrared InSb analog prober absolute quantum efficiency measurement flow chart of data processing figure.
Fig. 2 is the experimental provision schematic diagram of the present invention's infrared InSb analog prober absolute quantum efficiency.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, utilize relative photon to carry out infrared eye quantum efficiency and determine calibration method, adopt Verdi18 diode laser, the narrow linewidth 532nm laser produced by Verdi18 diode laser pumped, successively through the polarizer, half-wave plate forms the perpendicular linear polarization light of High Extinction Ratio, this linearly polarized light is after the focal length lens focus that focal length is f=120mm, pumping is placed in black box the PPLN crystal being of a size of 50mm × 3mm × 1.5mm, the cycle of crystal is 10.6258 μm, the conllinear parametric down conversion process of 532nm → 631nm+3390nm can be realized at 25 DEG C, the minimum position of focal beam spot overlaps with the center of crystal, the diameter of hot spot is about 1mm,
Crystal produces relative photon pair and the pump light conllinear substantially of 631nm/3390nm, the 631nm relative photon produced is successively by incident photomultiplier after 690nm dichroic mirror, 400-750nm high reflective mirror, 567nm dichroic mirror, the long pass filter of 550nm, 567nm dichroic mirror, and its output photoelectric stream is used the BNC connector of electrostatic screening to import in electrometer and detects;
The infrared band relative photon of an other road 3390nm is successively in the dichroic mirror of 690nm, beam splitter, chopper, BaF2 focal length lens, 3500nm narrow band pass filter, the incident InSb detector of aperture, the photocurrent exported directly imports in electrometer, BaF2 lens, 3500nm narrow band pass filter, diaphragm are placed in the Dewar tank of liquid nitrogen refrigerating, by building the radiation of low temperature environment Background suppression;
The photo-signal of two-way is gathered, the quantity of electric charge that the photocurrent that a certain moment collects comprises is converted to equivalent photon counting, and adopt the technical scheme of double light path balance detection and double-channel data fluctuating corrective, the equivalent photon counting of the convergent-divergent two-way of equal proportion, substitutes in the multi-mode correlation models of correlator the calibration that can realize infrared eye quantum efficiency by the photon counting after convergent-divergent.
What the present invention utilized relative photon to carry out infrared eye quantum efficiency determines calibration method, the narrow linewidth 532nm laser produced by Verdi18 diode laser pumped, again through the polarizer, half-wave plate forms the orthogonal polarized light of High Extinction Ratio, the PPLN crystal (being of a size of 50mm × 3mm × 1.5mm) in black box is placed in the pumping after focal length lens (f=120mm) focus on of this linearly polarized light, the cycle of crystal is 10.6258 μm, the conllinear parametric down conversion process of 532nm → 631nm+3390nm can be realized at 25 DEG C, the minimum position of focal beam spot overlaps with the center of crystal, the diameter of hot spot is about 1mm, this crystal produces relative photon to the basic conllinear of pump light, wherein a branch of light beam is by 690nm dichroic mirror, 400-750nm high reflective mirror, 567nm dichroic mirror, the long pass filter of 550nm, after 567nm dichroic mirror in incident photomultiplier, its output photoelectric stream is used the BNC connector of classical shielding to import (6517B of Keithley company) in electrometer and is detected.The infrared band relative photon of an other road 3390nm is again in 690nm dichroic mirror, beam splitter, chopper, BaF2 focal length lens, 3500nm narrow band pass filter, the incident InSb detector of aperture, and the photocurrent of output directly imports in electrometer.BaF2 lens, 3500nm narrow band pass filter, diaphragm are placed in the Dewar tank of liquid nitrogen refrigerating, by manufacturing the radiation of low temperature environment Background suppression.By gathering the photo-signal of two-way, the quantity of electric charge that the photocurrent collected in a certain moment comprises is converted to equivalent photon counting, and adopt the technical scheme of double light path balance detection and double-channel data fluctuating corrective, the equivalent photon counting of the convergent-divergent two-way of equal proportion, substitutes into the calibration that can realize the quantum efficiency of infrared eye in the multi-mode correlation models of correlator by photon counting after convergent-divergent.
The special refrigeration cylinder of InSb detector, adopt three layers of Dewar tank freezed to make, the fabulous interference of background radiation to experimental result preventing laboratory, InSb detector model is the J10D-M204-ROUM-60 of Judson company.
Claims (1)
1. utilize relative photon to carry out infrared eye quantum efficiency and determine calibration method, it is characterized in that: the narrow linewidth 532nm laser beam produced by Verdi18 diode laser is pumping source, this light beam is successively through the polarizer, half-wave plate, the perpendicular linear polarization light of High Extinction Ratio is formed after Glan-Taylor prism, it is 1mm high power density hot spot that this linearly polarized light forms diameter after the focal length lens focus that focal length is f=120mm, the minimum diameter position of this hot spot overlaps with position, germ nucleus, beam pumping after focusing is placed on the PPLN crystal that black box inside dimension is 50mm × 3mm × 1.5mm, the cycle of crystal is 10.6258 μm, the conllinear parametric down conversion process of 532nm → 631nm+3390nm can be realized at 25 DEG C,
Described crystal produces relative photon pair and the basic conllinear of pump light of 631nm/3390nm, the 631nm relative photon produced is successively by incident photomultiplier after 690nm dichroic mirror, 400-750nm high reflective mirror, 567nm dichroic mirror, the long pass filter of 550nm, 567nm dichroic mirror, and its output photoelectric stream is used the BNC connector of electrostatic screening to import in electrometer and detects;
The infrared band relative photon of an other road 3390nm is successively in the dichroic mirror of 690nm, beam splitter, chopper, BaF2 focal length lens, 3500nm narrow band pass filter, the incident InSb detector of aperture, the photocurrent exported directly imports in electrometer, BaF2 lens, 3500nm narrow band pass filter, diaphragm are placed in the Dewar tank of liquid nitrogen refrigerating, by building the radiation of low temperature environment Background suppression;
The photo-signal of two-way is gathered, the quantity of electric charge that the photocurrent that a certain moment collects comprises is converted to equivalent photon counting, and adopt the technical scheme of double light path balance detection and double-channel data fluctuating corrective, the equivalent photon counting of the convergent-divergent two-way of equal proportion, substitutes in the multi-mode correlation models of relative photon the calibration that can realize infrared eye quantum efficiency by the photon counting after convergent-divergent.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110231298A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-09-13 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | A kind of method and apparatus based on infrared emanation spectrum in double modulation measurement material |
| CN110736540A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-01-31 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Relevant photon self-calibration solar spectral irradiance instrument with 266nm pumping |
| CN114544007A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-27 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Device and method for measuring quantum efficiency of intermediate infrared detector based on correlated photons |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110231298A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-09-13 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | A kind of method and apparatus based on infrared emanation spectrum in double modulation measurement material |
| CN110736540A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-01-31 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Relevant photon self-calibration solar spectral irradiance instrument with 266nm pumping |
| CN110736540B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2021-06-22 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | 266nm pumped relevant photon self-calibration solar spectral irradiance instrument |
| CN114544007A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-27 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Device and method for measuring quantum efficiency of intermediate infrared detector based on correlated photons |
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