CN102090299A - Culturing method for new species of large cherry rock candy cherry - Google Patents
Culturing method for new species of large cherry rock candy cherry Download PDFInfo
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- CN102090299A CN102090299A CN2010105734785A CN201010573478A CN102090299A CN 102090299 A CN102090299 A CN 102090299A CN 2010105734785 A CN2010105734785 A CN 2010105734785A CN 201010573478 A CN201010573478 A CN 201010573478A CN 102090299 A CN102090299 A CN 102090299A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a culturing method for new species of large cherry rock candy cherry, relating to the production of large cherry, solving the problems of low large cherry sweetness, low hardness, no storage and transport-resistance and no fruit cracking resistance. The method comprises the following steps: selecting the Chinese cherry from Qinling Mountain for seeding, which is the large cherry category cultured in Shanxi area with high sweetness, high hardness, storage and transport-resistance and light-resistance fruit cracking; finding a well growing and property individual plant; spreading after grafting into the large cherry; selecting the cultured branch as cion; grafting by green branches; and culturing in Shanxi area. The culturing method has the characteristics of good quality, early fruit, abundant production, half-opened tree posture, green leaves, exuberant tree, good early fruit property, large fruit size, red color, good hardness, storage and transport-resistance, sweet taste, core separation, good taste and short fruit branch; the weight of each fruit is about 9-12 g; the ripening time is slightly later than the red cherry; more than 90% branches are formed with fruits after the full bearing period; the culturing method has late frost-resistance, self-pollination and light fruit cracking-resistance; the comprehensive quality is better than the current red cherry planted in bulk; and the rock candy cherry is the category with good developing foreground.
Description
Technical field
The present invention belongs to the agricultural crops technical field, particularly cultivates the method for the high cherry kind of storage tolerance sugariness.
Background technology
The main province of China's present large cherry cultivation has: Shandong, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Beijing, Henan, Hebei, Gansu, Shanxi, Zhejiang, Yunnan, Guizhou etc., the most concentrated is Yantai City, Shandong Province, Dalian, Longhai Railway are along the line.But the cultivar in above-mentioned area generally all is based on " red light ", and the late-maturing pollinated variety of arranging in pairs or groups in other is planted, because the kind self reason, fruit sweetness is not high enough, storage tolerance not, and cracking resistance fruit property is poor.Therefore cause the large cherry investment many, take effect slowly, income is low, influence economic well-being of workers and staff.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of tree body of producing large cherry, can with the equal management condition of red light kind under, fruit reaches the sugariness height, hardness is good, storage tolerance, cracking resistance fruit.
The breeding method of large cherry new kind rock sugar cherry, it is to implement according to following steps:
(1) seed selection stock: the cherry cultivating seeds of selection mountain area, Qinling Mountains self-sow goes out the branch of current growth and does stock;
(2) select scion: the branch that the individual plant of selection variation is cultivated is as scion, and the comprehensive quality of this individual plant is: of fine quality, early bearing, high yield, half-open of tree performance, leaf dark green, tree vigo(u)r is vigorous, the early fruiting character spy is good, and fruit is individual big, redness, the about 9-12 gram of mean fruit weight, maximum can reach 18 grams, hardness is good, utmost point storage tolerance, maturation time is slightly more late than red light, and it is fragrant and sweet to distinguish the flavor of, freestone, mouthfeel spy is good, the carpopodium tubbiness is after the full bearing period, almost branch all forms fruit bearing shoot, fruit 45-50 breeding time days more than 90%, in Guanzhong area maturation mid-May, anti-late frost, self-pollination, light cracking resistance fruit;
(3) grafting:
Grafting method is selected following two kinds: 1. seedling adopts the plate budding mode to expand numerous; 2. result's bearing tree adopts the cleft graft height to connect to change excellent.
Advantage of the present invention is: of fine quality, early bearing, high yield, half-open of tree performance, leaf dark green, tree vigo(u)r are vigorous, the early fruiting character spy is good, fruit is individual big, and red, the about 9-12 of mean fruit weight restrains, hardness is good, utmost point storage tolerance, maturation time is slightly more late than red light, it is fragrant and sweet to distinguish the flavor of, and freestone, mouthfeel spy are good, the carpopodium tubbiness, after the full bearing period, almost branch all forms fruit bearing shoot more than 90%, fruit 45-50 breeding time days is at Central Shanxi Plain maturation mid-May, anti-late frost, self-pollination, light cracking resistance fruit, integrated quality is better than present red light kind of planting in a large number, is good extremely promising kind.Can with the equal management condition of red light kind under, fruit reaches the sugariness height, hardness is good, storage tolerance, cracking resistance fruit.
Embodiment
The breeding method of large cherry rock sugar cherry kind: its step is as follows:
(1) cultivar origin
Rock sugar cherry large cherry is Qi Zhen Dang Jiazhai village, Mei County Zhang Xiaowen when setting up large cherry demonstration base and growing seedlings, and the cherry seed under adopting from Qin Lingshan in 1986 is sowed.Found a strain growing way, the individual plant that proterties is good in 1987 in the nursery, be large cherry with the grafting of individual plant seedling the end of the year 1987, move into demonstration garden management with this individual plant in March, 1988, nineteen ninety this per plant, other large cherry kinds that fruit properties obviously is better than planting the same period were done scion by the branch that is chosen on this strain body germinating then in 1991, through green branch grafting, expand numerous, adopt the plate budding mode, the seedling that the grafting cherry is bred, second batch of finished product seedling began the result in 1994.Last through seed selection in 15 years research and 2003 in original area, Beijing, Weihe, 2002 the central Shaanxi plain Baoji, Weinan, area, Xi'an, Shanglou, mountain region, southern foot, 2002 Qinling Mountains, the regional 8 years regional tests in Hanzhong were bred in 2010.
(2) seed selection stock
The cherry cultivating seeds of selection mountain area, Qinling Mountains self-sow goes out the branch of current growth and does stock;
(3) select scion
The branch that the individual plant of selection variation is cultivated is as scion, comprehensive quality is: of fine quality, early bearing, high yield, half-open of tree performance, leaf dark green, tree vigo(u)r are vigorous, the early fruiting character spy is good, and fruit is individual big, and the about 9-12 gram of red, mean fruit weight, maximum can reach 18 grams, hardness is good, utmost point storage tolerance, maturation time is slightly more late than red light, and it is fragrant and sweet to distinguish the flavor of, freestone, mouthfeel spy are good, the carpopodium tubbiness is after the full bearing period, almost branch all forms fruit bearing shoot, fruit 45-50 breeding time days more than 90%, in Guanzhong area maturation mid-May, anti-late frost, self-pollination, light cracking resistance fruit.
(4) grafting
It is excellent that 1. grafting is adopted as a result bearing tree to adopt cleft graft grafting height to connect to change; 2. the cherry seedling adopts the plate budding mode to expand numerous.
(5) feature:
(1) biological property: annual branch shows slightly taupe, and is white slightly, harder, by canescence fine hair, the sparse spot of tool, blade is big, half keratin, Long Circle, the average long 14.5cm of leaf, wide 7.8cm, dark green leaf color, glossy, back side vein is projection obviously, the white fine hair of close quilt, tip is point gradually, and base portion is heart-shaped, the leaf margin serrulate, petiole length 2.1cm, pale red; Floral white, or pink, Dan Sheng, many 5 pieces of petal, idol has 6 pieces, corolla diameter 2.5～2.8cm, 32～39 pieces of gynoeciums, the self-pollination ability is strong.
(2) phenophase
In rock sugar cherry large cherry early and middle ten days in the March rudiment of area, northern foot, the Qinling Mountains, at the beginning of 4 months by the end of March full-bloom stage, fruit 18-25 in May day maturation, fruit is about 50 days breeding times, and mid or late November is seen the frost fallen leaves, enters resting stage subsequently.
(3) Fruit Economic Traits
Fruit kidney type, the fruit top is put down or is caved in slightly, and suture is obvious.The fruit neat appearance, 2.62 centimetres in vertical footpath, transverse diameter 2.83cm, mean fruit weight 10.5g, maximum single fruit weight 18g; The fruit ruby look, meat is harder, and fruit stone is less, pulp yellow, freestone, the thin succulence of matter is distinguished the flavor of sweet and tasty mouthful, the local flavor giving off a strong fragrance, and product are of fine quality, detect through test center of Xibei Univ. of Agricultural ﹠ Forest Science ﹠ Technology, contain soluble solid 17.5%, the hardness of fruit (belt leather) 6.32kg/cm2, storage tolerance.
(4), adapt to area and yield level
1. adapt to the area: the genital areas examination, the northern area that " rock sugar cherry " large cherry suits to the north of the Qinling Mountains is planted, average temperature of the whole year 13-16 ℃, frost-free season, the chilling requirement of finishing dormancy was below 7.2 ℃ more than 200 days, 1100-1300 hour, be suitable for fertile loose, the deep sandy loam matter of soil layer, soil layer is more than one meter, between the P in soil H value 6.0-7.5, the content of organic matter is planted on 1% above soil, and soil property is barren also can plant.
2. yield level: under the general management level, 1 year strain rate of blooming given birth to the average 667m2 output 95kg of tree, the 4th year 430kg, the 5th year 869kg, the 6th year 1150kg, the 7th year 1485kg in 72.5%, three year after the field planting.Its cold resistance, disease resistance are strong, than the cracking resistance fruit.Aspect advantages such as its adaptability, yielding ability, commodity, storage are particularly outstanding, suit to cultivate in the large cherry normal region.
Claims (2)
1. the breeding method of large cherry new kind rock sugar cherry is characterized in that implementing according to following steps:
(1) seed selection stock: the cherry cultivating seeds of selection mountain area, Qinling Mountains self-sow goes out the branch of current growth and does stock;
(2) select scion: the branch that the individual plant of selection variation is cultivated is as scion, and the comprehensive quality of this individual plant is: of fine quality, early bearing, high yield, half-open of tree performance, leaf dark green, tree vigo(u)r is vigorous, the early fruiting character spy is good, and fruit is individual big, redness, the about 9-12 gram of mean fruit weight, maximum can reach 18 grams, hardness is good, utmost point storage tolerance, maturation time is slightly more late than red light, and it is fragrant and sweet to distinguish the flavor of, freestone, mouthfeel spy is good, the carpopodium tubbiness is after the full bearing period, almost branch all forms fruit bearing shoot, fruit 45-50 breeding time days more than 90%, in Guanzhong area maturation mid-May, anti-late frost, self-pollination, light cracking resistance fruit;
(3) grafting:
Grafting method is selected following two kinds: 1. seedling adopts the plate budding mode to expand numerous; 2. result's bearing tree adopts the cleft graft height to connect to change excellent.
2. the breeding method of large cherry new kind rock sugar cherry according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the feature of new varieties rock sugar cherry is:
(1) biological property: annual branch shows slightly taupe, and is white slightly, harder, by canescence fine hair, the sparse spot of tool, blade is big, half keratin, Long Circle, the average long 14.5cm of leaf, wide 7.8cm, dark green leaf color, glossy, back side vein is projection obviously, the white fine hair of close quilt, tip is point gradually, and base portion is heart-shaped, the leaf margin serrulate, petiole length 2.1cm, pale red; Floral white, or pink, Dan Sheng, many 5 pieces of petal, idol has 6 pieces, corolla diameter 2.5～2.8cm, 32～39 pieces of gynoeciums, the self-pollination ability is strong;
(2) phenophase
In rock sugar cherry large cherry early and middle ten days in the March rudiment of area, northern foot, the Qinling Mountains, at the beginning of 4 months by the end of March full-bloom stage, fruit 18-25 in May day maturation, fruit is about 50 days breeding times, and mid or late November is seen the frost fallen leaves, enters resting stage subsequently;
(3) Fruit Economic Traits
Fruit kidney type, the fruit top is put down or is caved in slightly, and suture is obvious.The fruit neat appearance, 2.62 centimetres in vertical footpath, transverse diameter 2.83cm, mean fruit weight 10.5g, maximum single fruit weight 18g; The fruit ruby look, meat is harder, and fruit stone is less, pulp yellow, freestone, the thin succulence of matter is distinguished the flavor of sweet and tasty mouthful, the local flavor giving off a strong fragrance, and product are of fine quality, detect through test center of Xibei Univ. of Agricultural ﹠ Forest Science ﹠ Technology, contain soluble solid 17.5%, fruit belt leather hardness 6.32kg/cm2, storage tolerance;
(4), adapt to area and yield level
1. adapt to the area: the northern area that suits to the north of the Qinling Mountains is planted, average temperature of the whole year 13-16 ℃, frost-free season is more than 200 days, the chilling requirement of finishing dormancy is below 7.2 ℃, 1100-1300 hour, is suitable for fertile loose, the deep sandy loam matter of soil layer, soil layer is more than one meter, between the P in soil H value 6.0-7.5, the content of organic matter is planted on 1% above soil, and soil property is barren also can plant;
2. yield level: under the general management level, 1 year strain rate of blooming given birth to the average 667m2 output 95kg of tree, the 4th year 430kg, the 5th year 869kg, the 6th year 1150kg, the 7th year 1485kg in 72.5%, three year after the field planting.
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| CN2010105734785A CN102090299A (en) | 2010-12-03 | 2010-12-03 | Culturing method for new species of large cherry rock candy cherry |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104823794A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-12 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Cherry grafting and cutting propagation method |
| CN106879388A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-06-23 | 苏州梦龙文化旅游发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for reducing the harm of cherry florescence late frost |
| CN107873288A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-06 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of method of short low temperature sweet cherry graft seedling growth |
-
2010
- 2010-12-03 CN CN2010105734785A patent/CN102090299A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104823794A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-12 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Cherry grafting and cutting propagation method |
| CN106879388A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-06-23 | 苏州梦龙文化旅游发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for reducing the harm of cherry florescence late frost |
| CN107873288A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-06 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of method of short low temperature sweet cherry graft seedling growth |
| CN107873288B (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2020-12-11 | 上海交通大学 | Short low-temperature sweet cherry grafting seedling method |
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Application publication date: 20110615 |