CN102079678B - Garlic special compound fertilizer containing aspartate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Garlic special compound fertilizer containing aspartate and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN102079678B
CN102079678B CN 201010617835 CN201010617835A CN102079678B CN 102079678 B CN102079678 B CN 102079678B CN 201010617835 CN201010617835 CN 201010617835 CN 201010617835 A CN201010617835 A CN 201010617835A CN 102079678 B CN102079678 B CN 102079678B
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fertilizer
salt
acid
garlic
parts
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CN102079678A (en
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林先贵
王一明
焦巍
束中立
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Pizhou Jindadi Fertilizer Co ltd
Institute of Soil Science of CAS
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Pizhou Jindadi Fertilizer Co ltd
Institute of Soil Science of CAS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a garlic special compound fertilizer containing aspartate and a preparation method thereof. The compound fertilizer is prepared from potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, urea, poly(aspartic acid) or salts thereof, humic acid or salts thereof, medium and trace mineral supplements and a conditioner as raw materials. The invention also provides a preparation method of the compound fertilizer, which comprises equipment and process for producing the fertilizer by using a slurry method and equipment and process for producing the fertilizer by using anaggregating method. The garlic special compound fertilizer can be used for coordinating and stimulating overground and underground parts of the crops so as to promote the root growth of the crops, improves the photosynthetic efficiency, promotes the absorption of the root system to the NPK and trace elements, and completely improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer.

Description

A kind of garlic compound fertilizer special that contains aspartic acid and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the dedicated fertilizer that a kind of cash crop field base manure is used, especially relate to the production and application of a kind of suitable Xuhuai, Jiangsu Province Tu Qu and Yihe River Shu Hetu district soil.
Background technology
Jiangsu is one of domestic four large garlic main producing regions, domestic Pizhou City is one of the maximum white garlic place of production, the whole nation and white garlic export base especially, this city suits to plant garlic and ploughs more than 1,000,000 mu, garlic field per unit area yield is stable above 1500 kilograms, garlic contiguous plant area is broken through 600,000 mu, produce nearly 800,000 tons of dry garlic per year, year outlet garlic is more than 250,000 tons, and year is earned foreign exchange 1.5 hundred million dollars.And formed more complete industry chain (supply chain).The garlic industry has become the mainstay industry of local wealthy and strong city.
Current, Garlic Fertilization is mainly still used high nitrogen fertilizer material, high-concentration phosphate compound fertilizers and high-concentration compound fertilizer (16-16-16,17-17-17) in a large number, lacks the garlic dedicated fertilizer for certain particular locality soil research and development.A kind of compound method of garlic production promoting fertilizer is disclosed such as Chinese patent CN 101580420A; it is characterized in that getting in proportion after the red all combinations of dried poultrymanure, soya-bean cake, dried human excrement, wood ash, sand, rice bran, growth promotor for crop, manganese fertilizer, vitriolate of tartar, match put into stirrer and stir; be ground into 80 orders; add again the paclobutrazol stirring and evenly mixing, reach the fertilizer post with die tapping machine.The shortcoming of this patent is that human excrement, chicken manure, soya-bean cake etc. do not become thoroughly decomposed fully, easily produces peculiar smell and burns seedling, and used the sand of higher proportion, is not suitable for the large-scale industrialization commercialization and produces and use.Chinese patent CN 1844061A discloses a kind of garlic caring fertilizer used in winter, is made of ammonium sulfate, urea, vitriolate of tartar, little fertilizer, amino acid and low temperature melting agent.This fertilizer lacks the essential phosphate fertilizer of plant-growth in forming, and reaches calcium, magnesium elements.Chinese patent ZL200710026078.0(CN 101130464 B) a kind of garlic dedicated fertilizer and compound method thereof are disclosed, be that preparation of raw material forms by vitriolate of tartar, sulphur ammonium, phosphorus ammonium, urea and additive, but this patent has only been considered n-p-k element, does not consider that garlic is to the needs of the middle trace elements such as calcium magnesium.Studies show that, garlic is maximum with nitrogen to various nutrient uptakes, and potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium take second place.
Simultaneously, along with the fast development of garlic industry, regional the same with the high strength farming pattern of other high investment high production, Soil degradation and continuous cropping obstacle have appearred in part garlic producing region, and the yield and quality of garlic all has been subject to certain impact.Simultaneously, because fertilizer excessive using usually, a lot of fertilizer nitrogen phosphorus Nutrients the earth's surface runoff and lower oozing polluted river and underground water, have brought hidden danger to tap water and food safety.
Therefore, we wish to design a kind of garlic dedicated fertilizer, by adjusting nutrient structure, realize balance fertilizing, the simultaneously adding by middle trace element and humic acid, poly-aspartic-acid, Effective Raise utilization rate of fertilizer, reduction environmental pollution.
Before the present invention, poly-aspartic-acid (salt) often is used as plant nutrient promotor independent (CN1268205C) or mixes use with biochemical restrainer (CN101434504A) or phosphorus decomposing agent (CN101289345A) etc., and having research and experimental result to show, using of it can promote farm crop to the absorption of fertilizer and Nitrogen In Soils phosphorus potassium and trace element.Humic acid is often used by a kind of organic fertilizer or fertilizer additive, and using of it can increase soil organic matter content, improves soil physico-chemical property, improves soil permeability, prevents from hardening; Improve plant recovery of nutrient, and have the increase photosynthesis of plant, the enhancing crop anti-adversity is waited for a long time, and (Wang Hua waits quietly function, ecotope, 2003,12 (1): 110-114; Wu Meiyan etc., the soil circular, 2007,38(5): 993-997).
Therefore, as with poly-aspartic-acid or its salt and humic acid or its salt binding as fertilizer sources synergistic agent, not only solve the nutrition problem of crop, strengthen the resistance of crop, and can improve utilization rate of fertilizer, these two kinds of materials all derive from nature simultaneously, environmental friendliness, can reduce fertilizer amount after using, reduce excessive or use the chemical fertilizer environmental pollution that causes such as improper, will have a positive effect to the improvement of ecotope.Significant for ensureing that Jiangsu garlic industry develops in a healthy way, also have important reference for domestic other garlic producing region.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that solves: the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of eco-friendly garlic composite fertilizer special, in the fertilizer formula, the characteristics of Fertilizer application area-Xuhuai, Jiangsu Province Tu Qu and Yihe River Shu Hetu district soil have been taken into account in the time of for the Garlic Growth nutritional needs, and use derives from poly-aspartic-acid or its salt of nature, with humic acid or its salt as fertilizer sources synergistic agent, form on the crop field and underground part collaborative, significantly improve the NP utilization rate of fertilizer, realize that crop is to the efficient absorption of the nutritive elements such as NPK, promote Root growth, increase photosynthesis, healthy and strong plant strengthens resistance, improves quality.Simultaneously, Product environment of the present invention is friendly, can solve the pollution problem of above-mentioned existing agrochemical, alleviates environmental stress.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of method for preparing above-mentioned garlic composite fertilizer special, the method technique is simple, can utilize the original compound fertilizer production technology of China (granulating method, slurry process) layout basis, suitably acquires or improves, and can produce.
Technical scheme:For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of garlic compound fertilizer special that contains aspartic acid, by vitriolate of tartar, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, urea, poly-aspartic-acid or its salt, humic acid or its salt, middle trace mineral supplement and amendment are that preparation of raw material forms, and the ratio by weight of each component is:
9 ~ 25 parts of vitriolate of tartar,
7 ~ 35 parts in ammonium sulfate,
14 ~ 19 parts of monoammonium phosphates,
12 ~ 20 parts in urea,
6 ~ 9.5 parts of middle trace mineral supplements,
4 ~ 9.5 parts of amendments,
0.05 ~ 0.5 part of poly-aspartic-acid or its salt,
10 ~ 40 parts of humic acid or its salt.
The molecular weight of described poly-aspartic-acid or its salt is 3000~8000.Described salt of poly aspartic acid is a kind of in the sodium salt, sylvite, zinc salt, magnesium salts, calcium salt, ammonium salt of poly-aspartic-acid or any several mixture.Described humate is a kind of in the sodium salt, sylvite, calcium salt, ammonium salt of humic acid or any several mixture.Described humic acid is acidified or the peat composed of rotten mosses or the weathered coal of ammonification processing.Described middle trace mineral supplement contains in zinc sulfate, sal epsom, manganous sulfate, ferrous sulfate, borax, the terra alba at least two kinds mixture, and to account for the weight percent of fertilizer be 5 ~ 6% to the summation of the trace elements such as Calcium Magnesium Sulphur, zinc, manganese, iron, boron simultaneously.Described amendment is attapulgite or zeolite powder.
The method for preparing garlic compound fertilizer special of the present invention is to adopt present fertiliser production enterprise modal two kinds of techniques, slurry process or granulating method technique.When slurry process is produced, to proportionally mix except other component of poly-aspartic-acid or its salt and humic acid or its salt first, before granulating working procedure, poly-aspartic-acid or its salt and humic acid or its salt directly are added in the fertilizer mixed slurry of molten state in proportion, after mixing, finish granulation by tablets press, all the other all processing condition and equipment are identical with manufacturing condition and the equipment of existing slurry process production composite fertilizer; When utilizing granulating method to produce; before granulating working procedure, poly-aspartic-acid or its salt and humic acid or its salt are added in the tablets press after measuring apparatus before the tablets press is measured in proportion by being arranged on; finish granulation, all the other all processing condition and equipment are identical with manufacturing condition and the equipment of existing granulating method production composite fertilizer.
Beneficial effect:Before the present invention, poly-aspartic-acid (salt) often is used as the use of plant nutrient promotor, and using of it can promote crop to the absorption of npk nutrient and trace element.Humic acid is often used by a kind of organic fertilizer or fertilizer additive, and using of it can increase soil organic matter content, improves soil physico-chemical property, improves soil permeability, prevents from hardening; Improve plant recovery of nutrient, and have the increase photosynthesis of plant, strengthen the crop anti-adversity function of waiting for a long time.
And garlic composite fertilizer special provided by the invention is when taking full advantage of poly-aspartic-acid (salt) and humic acids (salt) characteristic, itself and composite fertilizer are combined as a whole with the form of product, under promoting crop field part to the fertilizer nutrient specific absorption, improve plant recovery of nutrient in, healthy and strong plant, increase photosynthesis, thereby reach the coordination that crop aerial growth and underground part absorb, realize the common raising of crop yield and quality.
Because the technical progress of having adopted technique scheme, the present invention to obtain is:
This product application is shown in agricultural experiment, and garlic dedicated fertilizer of the present invention can effectively promote increasing crop yield, improve crop chlorophyll content, improve crop quality, and promote soil organism accumulation, improve Soil structure and physico-chemical property.
Garlic compound fertilizer special of the present invention is a kind of solid phase prod, and the color proterties is identical with Common compound fertilizer, and quality product can reach state quality standard.The poly-aspartic-acid that adopts among the present invention or its salt, humic acids or its salt are commercially available product, also can synthesize according to known method, and this paper repeats no more.Preparing garlic compound fertilizer special of the present invention, can not increase the production cost of fertilizer, is a kind of dedicated fertilizer that is easy to promote.
Embodiment
Below the beneficial effect introducing realization of the present invention and bring by specific embodiments, but protection domain of the present invention is not consisted of any restriction.
Embodiment 1
The ratio by weight of each component is: 9.5 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 11 parts in ammonium sulfate, 14 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 12 parts in urea, 9.5 parts of middle trace mineral supplements, 9.7 parts of amendments, 0.3 part of poly-aspartic-acid or its salt, 34 parts of humic acid or its salt.Wherein middle trace mineral supplement is mixed according to the ratio 1:1:1:1:2 of weighing scale by zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate, sal epsom, ferrous sulfate, terra alba, poly-aspartic-acid or its salt are poly-aspartic-acid, humic acid or its salt peat composed of rotten mosses for processing through ammonification.Amendment is attapulgite or zeolite powder.
The preparation method:
Adopt original pellet granulation technique, its equipment and process is identical with the equipment and process technology that existing granulating method is produced chemical fertilizer, and it is to increase by two volume pumps that are connected with tablets press before tablets press with the difference of existing installation.The aqueous solution that will contain the middle amount per-cent 30% of poly-aspartic-acid joins tablets press by volume pump, and flow is 100 kg/hours; Peat composed of rotten mosses powder with ammonification adds in the tablets press in proportion simultaneously, and add-on is 340 kg/hours.Above-mentioned additive and vitriolate of tartar, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, urea, middle trace mineral supplement, amendment mix in tablets press, and granulation.The final garlic dedicated fertilizer that obtains 20 tons/hour, its quality product has reached quality standard after testing.
Adopt polyaspartic acid ammonium salt, polyaspartic acid potassium salt, sodium polyaspartate, polyaspartic acid calcium salt or its mixture, produce after the same method the garlic dedicated fertilizer, indices is basic identical, and quality product has all reached quality standard.
The weathered coal that adopts ammonification to process, the weathered coal that the peat composed of rotten mosses that acidification is crossed, acidification are crossed, humic acid sylvite, humic acid sodium salt, humic acid ammonium salt are produced the garlic dedicated fertilizer after the same method, and indices is basic identical, and quality product has all reached quality standard.
Embodiment 2
The ratio by weight of each component is: 17 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 7 parts in ammonium sulfate, 14 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 18 parts in urea, 6 parts of middle trace mineral supplements, 17.6 parts of amendments, 0.4 part of poly-aspartic-acid or its salt, 20 parts of humic acid or its salt.Wherein middle trace mineral supplement is mixed according to the ratio 1:1:1:1:2 of weighing scale by zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate, sal epsom, ferrous sulfate, terra alba, poly-aspartic-acid or its salt are the polyaspartic acid potassium salt, and humic acid or its salt are process humic acid sylvite.Described amendment is attapulgite or zeolite powder.
The preparation method:
Adopt original slurry process granulation process, its equipment and process is identical with the equipment and process technology that existing granulating method is produced chemical fertilizer.To proportionally mix except other components of poly-aspartic-acid or its salt and humic acid or its salt first; before granulating working procedure, poly-aspartic-acid or its salt and humic acid or its salt directly are added in the fertilizer mixed slurry of molten state in proportion; after mixing; finish granulation by tablets press; all the other all processing condition are standby identical with the manufacturing condition of existing slurry process production composite fertilizer, and its quality product has reached quality standard after testing.
Adopt poly-aspartic-acid, polyaspartic acid ammonium salt, sodium polyaspartate, polyaspartic acid calcium salt or its mixture, produce after the same method the garlic dedicated fertilizer, indices is basic identical, and quality product has all reached quality standard.
The weathered coal that adopts humic acid humic acid sodium salt, humic acid ammonium salt, ammonification to process, the peat composed of rotten mosses that ammonification was processed, the weathered coal that the peat composed of rotten mosses that acidification is crossed, acidification are crossed, produce after the same method the garlic dedicated fertilizer, indices is basic identical, and quality product has all reached quality standard.
Embodiment 3
Garlic dedicated fertilizer of the present invention field controlled trial.
The experiment place, Zhang Lou farm, Pizhou City, Jiangsu Province.Totally 5 mu of garlic field areas, unified 1000 kilograms of the organic commercial fertilizers of using before the leveling of garlic field.Contrast 2.5 mu, use local conventional composite fertilizer (15-15-15), 150 kilograms every mu; Special fertilizer is processed 150 kilograms every mu of the garlic dedicated fertilizer (additive is the weathered coal that polyaspartic acid potassium salt and ammonification are processed) use embodiment 1 and to produce.Except the fertilizer difference, all the other field management measures are consistent.
The result shows, uses the garlic of garlic special fertilizer and compares with the garlic of using Common compound fertilizer, and the leaf look dark green, and blade is roomy, and growing way is fast.The chlorophyll content in the blade after testing, use garlic special fertilizer processing (Chlorophyll content 1.24mg/g) and can use Common compound fertilizer processing (Chlorophyll content 0.94mg/g) raising 31.9%, Net Photosynthetic Rate improves the 24.9%(Common compound fertilizer and is treated to 16.17umolCO 2m -2s -1,
The garlic special fertilizer is treated to 20.20 umolCO 2m -2s -1).The Garlic yield of using the garlic special fertilizer is 2120 kilograms, and using Common compound fertilizer processing Garlic yield is 1870 kilograms, volume increase 13.4%.

Claims (1)

1. a garlic compound fertilizer special that contains aspartic acid is characterized in that consisting of: 9.5 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 11 parts in ammonium sulfate, 14 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 12 parts in urea, 9.5 parts of middle trace mineral supplements, 9.7 parts of amendments, 0.3 part of poly-aspartic-acid or its salt, 34 parts of humic acid or its salt; Wherein middle trace mineral supplement is mixed according to the ratio 1:1:1:1:2 of weighing scale by zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate, sal epsom, ferrous sulfate, terra alba, poly-aspartic-acid or its salt are poly-aspartic-acid, humic acid or its salt peat composed of rotten mosses for processing through ammonification; Amendment is attapulgite or zeolite powder.
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