CN102065188B - 作为用于自动激活专用软电话应用的触发器的分组报头 - Google Patents

作为用于自动激活专用软电话应用的触发器的分组报头 Download PDF

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CN102065188B
CN102065188B CN201010510112.3A CN201010510112A CN102065188B CN 102065188 B CN102065188 B CN 102065188B CN 201010510112 A CN201010510112 A CN 201010510112A CN 102065188 B CN102065188 B CN 102065188B
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CN102065188A (zh
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弗朗西斯·C·赫莫斯
保罗·若勒·麦克里斯
理查德·艾伦·温德浩森
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066—Session management
    • H04L65/1069—Session establishment or de-establishment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/10—Services
    • G06Q50/40—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40—Support for services or applications
    • H04L65/401—Support for services or applications wherein the services involve a main real-time session and one or more additional parallel real-time or time sensitive sessions, e.g. white board sharing or spawning of a subconference

Abstract

本发明公开了作为用于自动激活专用软电话应用的触发器的分组报头。提供了用于自动控制通信应用的激活和/或无效的方法、设备和系统。更具体地，提供了这样的方法、设备和系统，其中通信分组报头的检测可以被作为用于自动激活和/或无效通信应用的触发器以及针对应用的相应用户界面的组装。

Description

作为用于自动激活专用软电话应用的触发器的分组报头
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及通信领域，更具体地涉及通信应用。
背景技术
在计算领域中，软电话(softphone)是一种用于使用通用计算机而不使用专用硬件在互联网上进行电话呼叫的软件程序。通常软电话被设计为如同传统电话一样进行运行，有时表现为具有显示面板和按钮的电话图像，其中用户可以通过显示面板和按钮与软电话进行交互。软电话通常与连接至PC、膝上型计算机等的声卡的听筒一起使用，或者与USB电话一起使用。
传统上，软电话应用嵌入了仅用于声音和视频通信的支持部件。当需要诸如Teletypewriter或者Teletype(TTY)之类的专用通信介质时，软电话必须被以这样的模式操作，其中该模式结合单独的专用端点设备来放置软电话。还可以在软电话中提供用于TTY的嵌入式支持部件。然而，如果需要TTY通信，则文本聊天窗口将需要被组装在软电话上。
发明内容
难以实现的文本聊天窗口的使用不是必需的。然而，为了防止软电话的图形用户界面变得不必要得混乱，期望文本聊天窗口只有在需要时被呈现，并且在不需要时被隐藏或者无效。
还期望仅使能经由特定介质的通信，以防止通信硬件和网络带宽的不必要的利用。例如，如果两个通信设备都能够经由声音、视频和文本进行通信，则可能不期望在通信会话开始时分配用于声音、视频和文本的硬件资源，除非参与者想要使用所有的三种媒介。不仅是硬件资源(例如，端口、驱动器、处理器、存储器等)被不必要地消耗，网络带宽也被不必要地消耗。更期望基于需要并响应于通信会话参与者的期望和需求来分配这些资源。
一些现有的通信方案允许用户手动地激活应用窗口。然而，非常重要的是需要注意，在完全手动的处理中，参与者(尤其是呼叫中心代理商)可能并不知道呼叫来自TTY用户，所以不能及时地使能文本窗口。因此，本发明的一个方面在于，使得诸如文本窗口之类的应用窗口能够被用于来自TTY用户的预先识别出的呼叫的软电话自动激活。
存在用于预先识别TTY呼叫者的呼叫中心技术，其中这些呼叫中心技术包括要求呼叫者经由只有TTY的网络电话号码(TTY-only inboundphone number)呼叫到中心、和/或向呼叫者呈现请求他们进行自我识别的自动服务应用。在这两种情况下，在呼叫被呈现给代理商之前，呼叫被放置在TTY搜索组中。呼叫可以被标记为来自TTY搜索组，以自动触发呼叫中心代理商的通信设备激活其文本窗口。
上述自动激活技术仍不能解决以下问题：
(1)企业中的装备有软电话的雇员可以接收来自基于PSTN的TTY用户的直拨呼叫，并且网络直拨声音呼叫可以被以同样的方式接收。呼叫还可以在呼叫中心的雇员之间传输，而无需穿过TTY搜索组。在这些场景中，当前可用的技术没有提供自动激活被呼叫方的文本窗口的方式，因为不存在TTY用户的预先识别。
(2)在支持多模式“统一通信”的通信环境中，包括那些不需要使用TTY的人在内的人们也可能希望在通信会话期间在某点处利用不同介质来补充他们的通信。例如，“A方”可能希望向“B方”发送不能通过声音方便地发送的URL，或者可能简单地希望通过文本发送一些内容(因为声音可能会被附近的人偷听到)。在这些场景中，现有技术没有提供自动激活B方的文本窗口(或者其他适当数据应用)的方式。
响应于这些问题，本发明的实施例提供了另一种机制，该机制将促使应用和/或应用的窗口自动打开。
本发明的一个方面是利用大约在6年前在Avaya网关中实现的“TTY-on-IP”编解码器。网关解决方案以下面的方式工作：
不是将TTY信号作为带内音调(它们倾向于在存在分组丢失或音频压缩的情况下被扭曲)在IP网络上传输，Avaya系统将TTY信号作为(实质上是)音调的语言描述进行传输。编码格式遵循IETF标准RFC-2833规定的协议。与RFC-2833一致，分组具有识别包含在该分组中的信息的格式的报头。
根据本发明的至少一些实施例，由通信设备从网关或者从另一个通信设备接收的包含TTY信息的所有分组将具有可以指示以下信息的报头：“该分组包含TTY信息”。通过单独基于分组报头的检测，而不需要检测分组内容，设置在诸如软电话之类的通信设备中的分组分析器可以被用户配置为在接收到被以上述方式格式化后的TTY传输后立即并自动打开其TTY/文本窗口。
尽管本文讨论了关于文本应用和文本窗口的自动触发的一些示例，但是本领域技术人员将会明白，本发明的实施例不限于此。更具体地，本发明的实施例包括利用分组报头作为用于自动激活或无效专用软件应用的触发器的总体思想，其可以结合或者不结合软电话实现。
示例性地，除了RFC-2833以外，支持SIP环境中的对话文本的行业标准协议包括RFC-4103、RFC-4351以及RFC-5194。RFC-4103、RFC-4351或者RFC-5194分组报头的检测可以触发文本聊天窗口的自动打开。可替代地或者另外，如果通信会话作为基于文本的通信开始，则G.711、G.722、G.726、G.729或者任意其他基于声音的分组报头的检测可以触发声音应用窗口的自动打开。在形成视频分组的过程中可以遵循的示例性视频标准包括但不限于RFC-2250、RFC-3189、RFC-4175、RFC-4421等。
以上结合各种媒介类型讨论的标准是已知示例，并且在一些实例中是现在使用的标准化的编解码器。本发明的实施例不限于这些示例性编解码器和标准，并且不应该被以这种方式解释。
换言之，本发明的基本前提可以被延伸到文本聊天窗口的自动打开之外。例如，指示视频内容的分组报头的接收可以触发视频显示窗口的自动打开。在这种情景下，通信会话的初始商定将充当端点能够处理视频的确认，但是不必然使基于视频的通信会话被利用。为了保留屏幕实际使用面积，在通信端点接收到呼叫其的视频分组之前，视频窗口将被该通信端点打开。尽管屏幕空间的保留是通过执行本发明的特定实施例获得的一个有益特征，但是本文描述的机制的利用还包括：(1)通过在知道计算机资源被需要之前不向软电话的专用应用分配计算机资源来保留诸如CPU和存储器之类的计算机资源；以及(2)在知道用于专用应用的网络带宽被需要之前不保留用于专用应用的网络带宽来保留网络带宽。
根据本发明的至少一些实施例，通信端点可以在自动打开窗口之前请求用户的确认(例如，“你正在接收视频传输。你想要看吗？”)。
根据本发明的至少一些实施例，只有分组报头的检测会触发适当应用和窗口的打开，同时触发所要求的编解码器的激活。作为可能被期望的示例，RFC-2833和RFC-4103对文本进行不同的编码。端点将需要在接收到RFC-2833或者RFC-4103分组后激发不同的编解码器，但是仍然使用相同的文本聊天GUI界面。
根据本发明的至少一些实施例，接收通信设备中的缓冲器被用来保存在专用应用被使能的同时接收的信息，以及使得该信息随后被重放。示例性地，这将确保接收者在打开文本聊天GUI窗口时能够立即看到触发文本聊天窗口的TTY字符。
根据至少一些实施例，提供了一种方法。该方法一般包括：
在第一通信设备处建立与第二通信设备的通信会话，其中第一通信设备利用至少第一应用来经由至少第一介质与第二通信设备通信，第一介质在通信会话的建立之前已经被商定；
在通信会话期间，在第一通信设备处接收作为通信会话的一部分的通信分组；
通过第一通信设备分析所接收的通信分组的报头；以及
基于报头部分的分析，通过第一通信设备调用至少第二应用来经由至少第二介质进行通信。
本文中使用的术语“计算机可读介质”是指参与存储用于执行的指令和/或向处理器提供用于执行的指令的任意有形存储装置和/或传输介质。这种介质可以采取很多形式，包括但不限于非易失性媒介、易失性媒介以及传输媒介。非易失性媒介例如包括：NVRAM或者磁盘或光盘。易失性媒介包括诸如主存储器之类的动态存储器。计算机可读媒介的一般形式例如包括：软盘、柔性盘、硬盘、磁带、或者任意其他的磁介质、磁-光介质、CD-ROM、任意其他光介质、穿孔卡片、纸带、具有孔洞图案的任意其他物理介质、RAM、PROM、EPROM、FLASH-EPROM、诸如存储器卡的固态介质、任意其他存储器芯片或者录音带盒、后面描述的载波、或者计算机可以从其读取的任意其他介质。电子邮件的数字文件附件、其他自我包含信息的文档或者文档组也被看作相当于有形存储介质的分布介质。当计算机可读媒介被配置为数据库时，应该理解，该数据库可以是诸如相关的、层级的、和/或面向对象的任意类型的数据库。因此，本发明被认为包括有形存储介质或者分布介质以及现有技术辨认出的等同物以及后继媒介(successor media)，其中本发明的软件实现方式被存储在其中。
本文中使用的术语“确定”、“计算”、“估算”、以及它们的变形可以被相互交换使用，并且包括任意类型的方法、处理、数学运算或技术。
本文中使用的术语“模块”、“代理”、或“工具”是指任意已知的或者随后开发的硬件、软件、固件、人工智能、模糊逻辑、或者能够执行与该元件相关联的功能的硬件和软件的组合。另外，尽管在示例性实施例方面描述了本发明，但是应该明白，本发明的各个方面可以被单独请求保护。
以上是本发明实施例的简要概述。该概述既不是本发明及其各种实施例的一般概括，也不是本发明及其各种实施例的穷尽描述。既不用于识别本发明的关键或者紧要元件，也不用于描绘本发明的范围，而是用于以简要形式呈现所选择的本发明的概念，作为对于以下呈现的更详细描述的导言。将会明白，本发明的其他实施例可以被单独利用，也可以与下面详细描述或者以上陈述的一个或多个特征组合利用。
附图说明
图1是示出根据本发明的至少一些实施例的通信系统的框图；
图2A是根据本发明的至少一些实施例的用户界面的第一截屏图；
图2B是根据本发明的至少一些实施例的用户界面的第二截屏图；
图2C是根据本发明的至少一些实施例的用户界面的第三截屏图；
图3是示出根据本发明的至少一些实施例的通信方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合示例性通信系统描述本发明。尽管适合与例如使用(一个或多个)服务器和/或(一个或多个)数据库的系统一起使用，但是本发明不限于与任意特定类型的通信系统或者系统元件配置一起使用。本领域技术人员将认识到，所公开的技术可以被用在任意的期望自动管理通信应用的激活和/或无效的通信应用中。
下面将描述涉及分析软件、模块、以及相关联的分析硬件的本发明的示例性系统和方法。然而，为了避免不必要地模糊本发明，下面的描述省去了公知结构，并且可以通过框图形式示出的部件和设备是已知的或者是被概括示出。
出于说明目的，阐述了很多细节，以提供对本发明的彻底理解。然而应该明白，本发明可以通过本文中阐述的具体细节之外的各种方式实现。
现在参考图1，示出了根据本发明的至少一些实施例的示例性通信系统100。通信系统100可以包括帮助不同通信设备108之间进行通信(例如，声音、图像、视频、数据、以及采用诸如RFC-4103(用于文本对话的RTP有效载荷)、RFC-2833、RFC-4351、RFC-5194或者它们的组合等中描述的支持对话文本的协议的其他非声音媒介类型)的通信网络104。
通信设备108之间的通信可以是直接通信，或者在一些实施例中可以由通信服务器和/或交换机帮助。在其他实施例中，通信设备108之间的通信可以穿过一个或多个网关112，诸如在呼叫中心配置中，一个通信设备108是由网关112的企业侧的呼叫中心代理商操作的，而另一个通信设备108是由网关112的公共侧的客户操作的。
通信网络104可以是任意类型的已知通信介质或者是通信媒介的集合，并且可以使用任意类型的协议来在端点之间传输消息。通信网络104可以包括有线和/或无线通信技术。互联网是构成IP网络的通信网络104的示例，其中IP网络包括通过很多电话系统和其他装置连接、散布在全世界的很多计算机和其他通信设备。通信网络104的其他示例非限制性地包括普通老式电话系统(POTS)、综合业务数字网(ISDN)、公共交换电话网(PSDN)、局域网(LAN)、广域网(WAN)、会话发起协议(SIP)网、蜂窝通信网、卫星通信网、任意类型的企业网、以及本领域已知的任意其他类型的分组交换或电路交换网。然而一般来说，通信网络104包括至少一个基于分组的通信网络。另外可以明白，通信网络104不需要被限制于任意一种网络类型，相反可以包括很多不同的网络和/或网络类型。
通信设备108可以是任意类型的已知通信或处理设备，诸如数字控制协议(DCP)电话、VoIP电话、一键通(PTT)电话设备、具有计算机电话界面(CTI)的计算机(例如，个人计算机、膝上型计算机、或者个人数字助理(PDA))、移动电话、智能电话、或者它们的组合。根据本发明的至少一些实施例，至少一个通信设备108是软电话。本文中使用的术语“软电话”应该被理解为包括任意类型的包括处理器和其上存储有一个或多个通信应用的存储器的设备。存储在通信设备108上的通信应用使得通信设备能够像具有用于帮助通信的专用硬件的传统电话一样进行操作和运行。另一方面，软电话一般不具有帮助与其他通信设备的其他用户进行实时通信的专用硬件。相反，软电话利用其应用中的一个或多个来帮助这种通信。在一些实施例中，软电话可以被实现为连接至互联网的单个设备(例如，PC、膝上型计算机、或者类似类型的个人工作台)。在其他实施例中，软电话可以被实现为多个设备，其中一个设备包括(一个或多个)通信应用，但是被连接至(例如)另一个简单电话，其中该简单电话提供具有(一个或多个)应用的设备与PSTN之间的连接。软电话的其他配置对于本领域技术人员来说是已知的，所以没有在这里进一步详细阐述。
通信设备108可以被单个用户控制或者被与单个用户相关联，也可以被很多用户使用(例如，企业通信设备允许任意企业用户在呈现了有效名称和密码之后利用该通信设备)。一般，通信设备108可以被用来支持与其他通信设备108的视频、音频、文本、和/或数据通信。通信设备108用来与其他通信设备108进行通信的介质类型取决于通信设备108上可用的通信应用。
一个或多个通信设备108可以包括使得其能够穿过通信网络104来发送和接收包含声音、视频、文本、和/或数据通信的分组的各种部件。所以，通信设备108可以包括存储器116和处理器128。如上所述，存储器116可以包括可由处理器128读取并执行的很多应用或可执行指令。例如，存储器116可以包括多个通信应用120a-N和分组分析器124。
通信应用120a-N可以具体地由通信设备108用来经由特定介质或者经由相同介质中的不同标准进行通信。作为一个示例，第一应用120a可以对应于基于声音的应用，第二应用120b可以对应于基于文本的应用，并且第N应用120N可以对应于基于视频的应用。
分组分析器124被提供用于分析在通信设备处接收的分组，并且基于分析的结果来确定一个或多个应用120a-N是否应该被激活和/或无效。分组分析器124一般可操作用来分析在通信会话期间接收的分组的报头的内容。在一些实施例中，通信会话已经被建立，并且在通信会话期间接收的分组一般被认为携带有根据预先商定的格式的数据。然而，条件可能会改变，从而使得在所建立的通信会话期间一个通信设备108开始利用另一个通信设备108可能不知道的另一个通信介质作为通信会话的一部分。新利用的介质可以使不同格式的分组被以不同的且提前没有商定的格式发送给另一个通信设备108。分组分析器124能够利用分组的报头的内容来识别这些分组，而不需要通过检测分组本身的数据内容(即，经由非深度分组检测)。一旦分组分析器124识别出这样的分组，则分组分析器124就能够调用适当的应用120来补充通信会话。
另外，通信设备108可以包括用于帮助用户控制通信设备108的用户界面132和用于将通信设备108连接到通信网络104的网络接口136。网络接口136可以包括通信调制解调器、通信端口、或者任意其他类型的用于调节通过通信网络104传输到目的地通信设备108的分组以及调节由处理器128处理的所接收的分组的设备或驱动器。网络接口136的示例非限制性地包括网络接口卡、调制解调器、有线电话端口、串行或并行数据端口、无线电频率广播收发信机、USB端口、或者其他有线或无线通信网络接口。
用户界面132可以包括任意类型的已知用户输入和/或用户输出技术。例如，用户界面132可以包括GUI，以帮助对于声音通信会话的可视通信控制以及帮助基于文本和视频的通信会话。另外，用户界面132可以包括使得用户能够听到声音通信并且将声音通信发射到其他通信会话参与者的音频接口(例如，扬声器和麦克风)。在一些实施例中，用户界面132的用户输入和用户输出部分可以是独立的并且不同的。在其他实施例中，用户界面132的用户输入和用户输出部分可以被结合在例如触摸屏界面中。
每个应用120a-N还可以具有其自身的专用界面窗口或者控制屏幕，该专用界面窗口或者控制屏幕允许通信设备108的用户控制应用120并进一步控制通信会话或者至少控制由应用120控制的介质。所以，如果在单个通信会话期间有多个媒介被使用，则多个窗口可以在用户界面132上被打开并显示。根据本发明的至少一些实施例，当应用在所建立的通信会话期间被调用时，用于该应用的界面窗口也可以经由用户界面132被自动显示。
现在参考图2A至2C，将描述根据本发明的至少一些实施例的GUI200的截屏图的示例性设置。首先参考图2A，示出了GUI 200的第一截屏图，其中第一应用界面窗口204被显示在GUI 200上。第一应用界面窗口204可以对应于被用来在所建立的通信会话期间帮助经由第一介质的通信的应用120。第一介质可以包括声音、视频、数据以及文本中的一种。所以，第一应用界面窗口204可以对应于用于声音通信的控制界面、具有控制界面的视频屏幕、文本聊天窗口、或者数据窗口中的一种。
现在参考图2B，如果远端用户决定开始使用第二介质作为通信会话的一部分，则远端用户可以打开第二应用，或者以一些其他方式开始将最新格式化后的分组发送至通信会话涉及的另一个通信设备108。最新格式化后的分组可以在所建立的通信会话的数据流中被接收(例如，通过相同的端口并且可以散布在携带用于第一介质的数据的分组之间)，但是最新格式化后的分组可以携带根据不同标准的数据。
当分组分析器124可以通过分析分组的报头并且识别出新的分组格式正被使用而检测到这种最新格式化后的分组时，分组分析器124可以自动识别第二介质并且执行以下两种功能之一：(1)自动调用帮助经由第二介质的通信的应用，或者(2)向通信设备108的用户查询他们是否想要经由第二介质进行通信。
图2B示出了该查询经由弹出窗口208被可视地发送至通信设备108的用户的场景。本领域技术人员将明白，音频查询也可以被用来向用户询问第二介质是否应该被用作通信会话的一部分。示例性音频查询可以经由密谈页面(whisper page)、中断信号、或者类似类型的音频通信被发送。
如果用户肯定地响应于查询或者在分组分析器124自动调用适当应用的情况下，则新应用界面窗口212经由用户界面132被呈现，诸如图2C中所示。在一些实施例中，第一应用界面窗口204可以被自动调整大小，以容纳新应用界面窗口212。在其他实施例中，新应用界面窗口212可以被部分或者全部放置在第一应用界面窗口204上。在其他实施例中，新应用界面窗口212可以在第一应用界面窗口204之后被打开，但是一些其他种类的音频或者可视标记可以被呈现给用户，以指示新应用界面窗口212已经被打开。
现在参考图3，将根据本发明的至少一些实施例，从单个通信设备108的角度描述示例性通信方法。本领域技术人员将明白，本发明的实施例可以被平等地应用于两方通信会话和多方通信会话，而不会脱离本发明的范围。
当在通信设备108处接收通信发起消息时该方法开始(步骤304)。通信发起消息可以包括呼叫建立信号、H.323呼叫建立消息、SIP INVITE消息、或者用于发起通信会话的任意其他类型的消息或者消息的集合。
然后，通信设备108商定用于通信会话的参数，该参数可以包括在通信发起消息中或者包括在通信发起消息的交换中(步骤308)。在这个商定步骤中，通信设备可以确定远端设备的通信能力，并且可以定义哪些介质或媒介将被首先用作通信会话的一部分。在一些实施例中，通信设备能够经由第一、第二、第三以及第四媒介(例如，声音、视频、文本以及数据)进行通信，但是也可以同意最初仅经由一种这样的介质进行通信。另外，这些设备可以共享它们的通信能力，以帮助将会话平滑且有效地转换到其他媒介。例如，在一些实施例中，用于所有媒介的多媒体数字信号编解码器(codec)可以被预先商定，即使最初只有一种介质被使用。然而，预先商定不是必需的。
在初始通信会话参数被商定之后，该方法继续经由第一介质建立通信会话(步骤312)。在特定示例中，第一介质可以对应于声音介质。为了帮助经由第一介质的通信，通信设备108可以调用允许通信设备的用户控制声音呼叫的第一相应应用。
在所建立的通信会话期间，远端通信设备可以开始利用第二通信介质。这一般由远端通信设备的用户的动作发起(例如，打开视频信道、发送文本消息、发送电子邮件等)。其他通信设备的用户可能不知道远端用户的动作，并且可能并没有使应用打开以用于可以在通信会话期间使用的每种可能的介质。相反，作为通信会话的一部分，分组在通信设备108处被从远端设备接收(步骤316)。这些分组中的每个分组都可以被分组分析器124分析，以确定新介质是否正被使用(步骤320)。特别地，分组分析器124可以分析分组的报头部分，以确定分组是否将其自身识别为携带用于第一介质以外的介质的数据。分组的报头部分的分析使得分组分析器124能够快速确定在通信会话期间新介质是否正被使用。这导致能够以这样的方式支持实时或者接近实时的通信，其中这种方式使得检测新介质和调用新介质之间的延迟被最小化，从而帮助用户经由新介质进行通信。这对于远端TTY用户非常有用，以确保远端用户不会感到他们被忽视或者呼叫被中断。这在紧急情况中或者其他类型的时间敏感的情况中也有用。
如果分组分析器124确定所接收的分组仅携带了用于第一介质的数据，则该方法进行到步骤324。在步骤324中，确定通信会话是否已经被终止(例如，经由对诸如SIP BYE消息、H.323终止消息之类的通信结束消息的检测、或者对挂机状态的检测)。如果该查询被否定地答复，则该方法返回到步骤316。如果该查询被肯定地答复，则通信会话被终止(步骤328)。作为可选步骤，预先被打开以帮助通信会话的(一个或多个)应用可以被自动或者手动关闭(步骤332)。
返回参考步骤320的询问，在分组分析器124检测到被格式化为携带用于第一介质以外的介质的数据的分组的情况下，该方法继续进行，其中分组分析器124识别新介质，并且进一步识别被用来帮助经由新介质的通信的应用120(步骤336)。
一旦分组分析器124识别出新介质和相应的应用120，则分组分析器124确定新应用界面窗口是否应该被打开以帮助经由新介质的通信(步骤340)。如果分组分析器124已经被预先编程为在检测到新介质后自动打开新应用界面窗口，则该方法可以继续调用该应用并打开其相应的界面窗口(步骤344)。类似地，如果分组分析器124向通信设备的用户查询他们是否想要使新应用界面窗口被打开并且用户作出肯定的响应，则新应用可以被调用并且相应的界面窗口可以被打开。如果适当的应用已经被打开和/或相应的应用界面窗口被打开，则该查询也可以被肯定地答复。
然后，通信会话被允许利用新媒介继续进行(步骤348)。本领域技术人员可以明白，新媒介可以代替第一媒介或者补充第一媒介。在新媒介补充第一媒介的情况下，多个应用界面窗口可以在用户界面132上被同时打开，或者可以利用能够帮助多媒介通信的单个应用界面窗口。然后，在步骤340中决定不利用新介质的情况下，该方法继续到步骤324，以确定通信会话是否已经被终止。
在本发明的附加实施例中，具有绑定在单个兆分组(mega-packet)中的音频分组和视频分组的兆分组可以被用作确保视频和相应的音频一起到达的方式，被缓存在一起，并被接收设备一起呈现。根据本发明的至少一些实施例，如果分组在自我识别出RFC-4351、RFC-2198或者具有多个媒介类型的一些其他分组格式时被接收，则多个应用可以被同时调用，以用于对应于包含在兆分组中的媒介类型的各种不同媒介类型。
尽管讨论了特定事件顺序的上述流程，但是应该明白，在不对本发明的操作造成实质影响的条件下可以改变该顺序。另外，事件的确切顺序不需要如示例性实施例中所阐述的那样发生。这里阐述的示例性技术不限于具体示出的实施例，而可以与其他示例性实施例一起被利用，并且所描述的每个特征可以被单独且个别地请求保护。
本发明的系统、方法和协议可以在所描述的通信装备、编程的微处理器或微控制器以及(一个或多个)外围集成电路元件、ASIC或者其他集成电路、数字信号处理器、诸如离散元件电路之类的硬连线电子或逻辑电路、诸如PLD、PLA、FPGA、PAL之类的可编程逻辑设备、诸如服务器、个人计算机之类的通信设备、任何可比较的装置等上实现，除此之外也可以在专用计算机上实现。一般，能够实现这样的状态机的任意设备可以被用来实现根据本发明的各种通信方法、协议和技术，其中该状态机能够实现本文中描述的方法。
另外，所公开的方法可以在使用对象或者面向对象的软件开发环境的软件中容易地实现，其中对象或者面向对象的软件开发环境提供可以在各种计算机或者工作台平台上使用的便携式源代码。替代地，所公开的系统可以部分或者全部在使用标准逻辑电路或者VLSI设计的硬件中实现。使用硬件还是使用软件来实现根据本发明的系统取决于正在利用的系统、特定功能、特定软件或者硬件系统、或者微处理器或微计算机系统的速度和/或效率要求。可应用领域的普通技术人员可以根据本文提供的功能性描述以及通信和计算机领域的一般基础知识，在使用任意已知或者随后开发的系统或者结构的硬件和/或软件中实现本文中描述的分析系统、方法、和协议。
另外，所公开的方法可以容易地实现在这样的软件中，该软件可以被存储在存储介质上，并且可以在控制器和存储器、专用计算机、微处理器等的合作下在编程的通用计算机上执行。在这些实例中，本发明的系统和方法可以被实现为嵌入在个人计算机上的诸如apple、或者CGI脚本之类的程序、被实现为存在于服务器或计算机工作态上的资源、被实现为嵌入在专用通信系统或者系统部件中的例程等。该系统还可以通过将该系统和/或方法物理地结合到诸如通信设备或系统的硬件和软件系统之类的软件和/或硬件系统中被实现。
因此，这里提供了根据本发明的用于管理通信应用的系统、装置和方法。尽管结合大量实施例描述了本发明，但是显然很多替代、修改和变型对于可应用领域的普通技术人员来说是显而易见的。因此，希望将这些替代、修改、等同和变型都包括在本发明的精神和范围中。

Claims (9)

1.一种通信方法，包括：
在第一通信设备处建立与第二通信设备的通信会话，其中所述第一通信设备利用至少第一应用来经由至少第一介质与所述第二通信设备通信，所述第一介质在所述通信会话的建立之前已经被商定；
在所述通信会话期间，在所述第一通信设备处接收作为所述通信会话的一部分的通信分组；
通过分组分析器分析所接收的通信分组的报头部分，其中所述分组分析器被设置在所述第一通信设备中；以及
基于所述报头部分的分析，通过所述第一通信设备调用至少第二应用来经由至少第二介质进行通信，其中支持所述第二介质的所述第二应用被安装在所述第一通信设备和所述第二通信设备上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的通信方法，其中所述第二介质不是在所述通信会话的建立期间被商定的，其中所述第一介质包括声音、视频、文本以及数据中的一种，其中所述第二介质包括声音、视频、文本以及数据中的一种，并且其中所述第一和第二介质不同。
3.根据权利要求1所述的通信方法，其中只有所接收的通信分组的所述报头部分被分析，并且其中所述第一通信设备自动调用所述至少第二应用，其中所接收的通信分组包括根据用于所述第二介质的通信标准进行格式化的数据，并且其中所述报头描述了所述通信标准和所述数据的一部分中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的通信方法，还包括：
向所述第一通信设备的用户查询所述第一用户是否期望调用所述第二应用；以及
只有在对于所述查询的肯定响应被从所述用户接收到时，调用所述第二应用。
5.根据权利要求1所述的通信方法，其中所述第二应用被所述第一通信设备在不向所述第一通信设备的用户查询的情况下自动调用，其中所接收的通信分组的内容经由所述第二应用被自动呈现给所述第一通信设备的用户，并且其中所述第一通信设备包括软电话。
6.一种通信设备，包括：
第一应用，该第一应用帮助经由至少第一介质进行通信；
第二应用，该第二应用帮助经由至少第二介质进行通信；以及
分组分析器，用于分析在第一通信设备与第二通信设备之间所建立的通信会话期间接收的通信分组的报头部分，并且在所述通信会话被建立后基于所述报头部分的分析来确定是调用所述第一和第二应用之一还是调用它们二者用于所述通信会话，
其中支持所述第二介质的所述第二应用被安装在所述第一通信设备和所述第二通信设备上。
7.根据权利要求6所述的通信设备，其中用于所述通信会话的所述第一介质的使用是在所述通信会话的建立期间被商定的，其中所述第一应用在所述通信会话的建立期间被调用，其中所述第二介质不是在所述通信会话的建立期间被商定的，并且其中在所述通信会话被建立后所述分组分析器确定调用所述第二应用。
8.根据权利要求7所述的通信设备，其中所述第一介质包括声音、视频、文本以及数据中的一种，其中所述第二介质包括声音、视频、文本以及数据中的一种，并且其中所述第一和第二应用经由所述设备的用户界面上的不同窗口被呈现。
9.根据权利要求7所述的通信设备，其中只有所接收的通信分组的所述报头部分被分析，并且其中所述分组分析器自动调用所述第二应用，其中所接收的通信分组包括根据用于所述第二介质的通信标准进行格式化的数据，其中所述报头描述了所述通信标准和所述数据的一部分中的至少一种，并且其中所述第二应用被所述第一通信设备在不向所述第一通信设备的用户查询的情况下自动调用，并且其中所接收的分组的内容经由所述第二应用被自动呈现给所述第一通信设备的用户。
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