CN102017879A

CN102017879A - Effective method suitable for preventing and killing weed for clover seedling

Info

Publication number: CN102017879A
Application number: CN 201010287030
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李卫军; 朱进忠
Original assignee: Xinjiang Agricultural University
Current assignee: Xinjiang Agricultural University
Priority date: 2010-09-20
Filing date: 2010-09-20
Publication date: 2011-04-20
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-20
Also published as: CN102017879B

Abstract

The invention provides an effective method suitable for preventing and killing weeds for clover seedlings. A medicament is 33% pendimethalin missible oil, and dosage is 1500-3000 ml/hm<2>. After diluted by 200-400 times of water, the pendimethalin missible oil is subject to mechanical spraying at the temperature of above 0 DEG C during the accumulated snow melting period. Within the period that pendimethalin missible oil is cultivated and sprayed for 6 hours, a light disc machine is adopted for harrowing, the working drift angle of the light disc machine is adjusted to the position of 10 degrees to control operation depth and avoid damage to seedlings. When the accumulated snow and the liquid medicine are fully mixed and melted to form a toxic soil layer, the preventing and killing rate in the invention is above 75%.

Description

A kind of effective ways that are applicable to clover seedling management of weeds

Technical field

The present invention relates to the management of weeds technology, especially adapt to the seedling phase of clover, utilize the ice dissolution phase, rationally use agent for preventing and eliminating, form the pesticide-clay mixture layer, can significantly promote the effect of management of weeds, improve the quality and the quality of the production of hybrid seeds.

Background technology

The clover production of hybrid seeds is because seedling growth is slow, annual weed fast growth and clover strive water and strive fertilizer, have a strong impact on the output of alfalfa seed, add annual weed seed grain size and alfalfa seed near (as oak-leaved goosefeet, barnyard grass grass etc.), sneak into and be difficult in the alfalfa seed separate, must cause weeds to exceed standard, influence the quality of the production of hybrid seeds.Domestic literature retrieval discloses: 1. the Beijing City Academy Of Agriculture and Forest Sciences INST OF PLANT PROT ﹠ ENVIRONME under greenhouse experiment, studied several herbicide before seedling stage lists with or use the influence that clover is emerged and grow with, and different leaf age clover is to the influence to drug effect of the reaction of herbicide after seedling and interpolation auxiliary agent.Wherein, adopt imazethapyr (30g/hm ²) and pendimethalin (495g/hm ²) use with, the poisoning of clover is significantly reduced.2. the living measured center of Shenyang Chemical Engineering Inst's agricultural chemicals adopts 50% acetochlor ec, 33% pendimethalin missible oil and 72% isopropyl methoxalamine missible oil to handle to the soil in alfalfa field; Adopt 5% imazethapyr aqua to carry out chemical weed control to the alfalfa cauline leaf.3. China Agricultural University's agronomy and grass cultivation ERC of biotechnology institute have carried out the experimental study of hills area, southern Jiangsu autumn sowing clover weeds in seedling stage Chemical Control.This research mixes 3 dosage levels of Imazethapyr respectively with smart quizalofopethyl, fluazifop-p-butyl, each 4 dosage level of cover grass energy, and use winter, respectively from next spring first batch of weeds a situation arises, output, economic benefit equal angles are analyzed, draw best two and use scheme with: 5% Imazethapyr aqua 1.5L/hm ²+ 10.8% cover grass energy 0.525L/hm ²With 5% Imazethapyr aqua 1.2L/hm ²+ 10.8% cover grass energy 0.375L/hm ²Deng.Result for retrieval shows, 33% pendimethalin missible oil is mixed the method for using with its agent have it, but then do not appear in the newspapers with the machinery method that combines of raking the soil level.

The design of the inventive method is to utilize the ice dissolution phase, and soil property is hard, makes things convenient for farming, evade the technological difficulties of mechanical cultivation, make herbicide spraying, strengthen the absorption of soil by farming to seedling injury, produce the pesticide-clay mixture layer, effectively prevent the phenomenon of growing thickly of weeds, improve production of hybrid seeds rate.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to: the effective ways of this management of weeds, to intend referring to utilize the ice dissolution phase, herbicide spraying forms the pesticide-clay mixture layer behind the mechanical cultivation, and the technological difficulties of having cut weeds when having solved the production of hybrid seeds have important use to be worth.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of effective ways that are applicable to clover seedling management of weeds, medicament are 33% pendimethalin missible oil, and consumption is 1500-3000ml/hm ², after 200-400 water dilution doubly, in the snow melting phase, temperature is more than 0 ℃, enforcement machinery sprays and gets final product; Through farming, spray in the 6h of back, rake the soil level with light-duty multigraph press, 10 ° position is adjusted in its work drift angle, avoids injuring seedling; Formed the pesticide-clay mixture layer after accumulated snow fully mixes with soup and melts, its rate of preventing and kill off reaches more than 75%.

Described effective ways, the medicament pendimethalin missible oil of selecting for use of preventing and kill off is the commercially available prod.

The present invention conceives according to the weeds pests occurrence rule, and the research of the effective ways of carrying out comprises: the kind of alfalfa seed field weed and generation; Observation sprays the influence of variable concentrations pendimethalin to alfalfa seed field weed kind and quantity; Observation sprays the influence of variable concentrations pendimethalin to alfalfa seed field weed kind and quantity; Observe the influence of manually preventing and kill off to alfalfa seed field weed kind and quantity; Observe the intertillage measure to the influence of alfalfa seed field weed kind and quantity etc., the technical parameter of acquisition has been established scientific basis for the enforcement of these effective ways, has important use to be worth.

The distinctive feature of the inventive method is, alfalfa seed field with planted in fall, the ice dissolution phase in the coming year sprays pendimethalin missible oil, and implement the multigraph press effective ways such as operation of raking the soil level, realized the technique effect of management of weeds, and method is with low cost, the saving of labor, save time, and shows technological progress.

Embodiment

Comparative examples of the present invention is described further.

Embodiment

Spray area: 100m ², 60d behind the spray medicine;

Spray operation: select the alfalfa seed field of planted in fall, in the ice dissolution phase in the coming year, temperature surpasses more than 0 ℃, and the pendimethalin missible oil of employing 33% is implemented to spray, and dosage is respectively 1500ml/hm ², 2250ml/hm ², 3000ml/hm ², the extension rate of its water is respectively 200 times, 250 times, 400 times, stirs, and adopts tractor-drawn formula engine-driven atomiser to spray;

The operation of raking the soil level: spray medicine 5h, adopt light-duty multigraph press to rake the soil level, before raking the soil level the work drift angle of each rake group is adjusted to 10 ° position, the degree of depth of raking the soil level is adjusted according to the thickness of accumulated snow, is standard not injure the clover seedling;

Experimental control (CK): the processing of not raking the soil level behind the spray medicine.

Interpretation of result:

1. to the research of alfalfa seed field weed pests occurrence rule, see Table 1.

Dynamically (weeds in field quantity strain/m takes place in 1 year seed-breeding field of table 1 weeds ²)

Learnt by last table data: first peak period of the weeds grass output amount in seedling stage is 7-13d after clover turns green, and based on oak-leaved goosefeet, shepherd's purse, grass output amount accounts for the 40%-50% of total grass output amount; 23-40d after turning green is based on summer property weeds field bindweed, annual dogstail, Amaranthus retroflexus; Not only generating capacity is big for oak-leaved goosefeet, annual dogstail, and longer duration, and its total grass output amount is more than 75%; Armstrong and reed generating capacity are little, account for 3.57% and 0.45% of total grass amount respectively, and the field bindweed generating capacity accounts for 3.13% of total grass amount.

2. use the preventive effect of variable concentrations pendimethalin missible oil, see Table 2 weeds.

The preventive effect of table 2 variable concentrations (weeds in field quantity strain/m ²)

Annotate: dogstail ^*Refer to green foxtail and barnyard grass.

Known to last table data: it is remarkable to the preventive effect of most of annual weed such as oak-leaved goosefeet, dogstail, Amaranthus retroflexus, Armstrong, Siberian cocklebur, shepherd's purse to spray pendimethalin missible oil.

3. different weeding systems see Table 3 to the influence of alfalfa seed output and quality.

The influence of the different weeding systems of table 3

Known to last table data: artificial weeding, weed seed minimum number; Secondly prevent and kill off for pendimethalin missible oil, through the machinery seed selection, the ruderal species subnumber is respectively 876 and 936 in the per kilogram alfalfa seed, reaches the standard of first order seed; Wherein adopt intertill and clean tillage, spray fluazifop-p-butyl agent and contrast, the alfalfa seed weed seed number average of production exceeds standard, and does not reach the quality requirement of commercial seed; Through variance analysis, use pendimethalin missible oil management of weeds alfalfa seed output the highest, each sub-district average out to 489kg/hm ², and compare significant difference.

Field experiment:

2008-2010, the continuous 3 years result of the test of seminar showed, when early spring, accumulated snow just began to melt, uses plant equipment with 33% pendimethalin missible oil 200ml/hm ²Convert 60 kilograms in water, spray in the accumulated snow surface, utilize light-duty disk harrow operation then, accumulated snow and soup are mixed, after treating snow melting, the surface, soil is that nature forms the pesticide-clay mixture layer, can kill most of annual weed, and preventive effect reaches more than 90%, preventive effect reached more than 45 days, guaranteed that substantially clover is not endangered by weeds seedling stage.

Evaluation of economic benefit:

Take intertillage to handle, 150 yuan of required expenses, though expense is low, preventive effect is not good, anti-efficient is 32.5%.

Take artificial weeding, 450 yuan of required expenses, whole growth weeding in season 2 times, required expense is total up to 900 yuan, and cost is too high, is intertillage measure and chemical control 6-15 times.

Adopt pendimethalin missible oil 1500ml/hm ², 2250ml/hm ², 3000ml/hm ²Spray, input cost is respectively 60 yuan, 90 yuan, 120 yuan, preventive effect is respectively 75.8%, 81.2% and 82.4%.

Claims

1. effective ways that are applicable to clover seedling management of weeds, it is characterized in that: medicament is 33% pendimethalin missible oil, and consumption is 1500-3000ml/hm ², after 200-400 water dilution doubly, in the snow melting phase, temperature is more than 0 ℃, enforcement machinery sprays and gets final product; Through farming, spray in the 6h of back, rake the soil level with light-duty multigraph press, 10 ° position is adjusted in its work drift angle, avoids injuring seedling; Formed the pesticide-clay mixture layer after accumulated snow fully mixes with soup and melts, its rate of preventing and kill off reaches more than 75%.

2. effective ways according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the medicament pendimethalin missible oil of selecting for use of preventing and kill off is the commercially available prod.