CN111466270A - Accurate regulation and control method for soybeans - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a soybean accurate regulation and control method, which selects the following high-efficiency medicaments: pyraclostrobin, hexaconazole, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, hydroxyl brassinolide, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, chelated iron, chelated zinc, ammonium molybdate, pymetrozine, an amino acid aqueous solution, sugar alcohol calcium magnesium and potassium nitrate are sprayed on leaf surfaces in a seedling stage, a pod forming stage and a pod forming stage respectively in the whole soybean growth cycle. The fertilizer meets various medium and trace elements in the growth period, promotes nutrition balance, realizes fusion and synergism with disease-preventing bactericide, makes plants robust, promotes multiple blossoms, promotes soybean pod development, increases fruiting rate, increases kernel weight, prevents premature senility, and achieves the purposes of quality improvement and yield increase.

Description

Accurate regulation and control method for soybeans

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production comprehensive management pesticide-fertilizer formulas and pesticide application, in particular to a soybean accurate regulation and control method.

Background

Soybean is an important oil crop in China, soybean production is directly related to oil safety in China, fertilizer application management is extensive in soybean production, further improvement of soybean yield and quality is affected, farmers in soybean production areas at present do not have systematic medication habits, the farmers in extensive management use certain foliar fertilizers for spraying according to experience or the swimming of dealers, the reasonable utilization of foliar fertilizer is not noticed, the yield expression of the soybean is not ideal, and particularly soybean pods in recent years cause serious influence on the soybean production because of unreality;

the main problems in soybean production are:

1. the comprehensive management has a desert meaning, farmers think of pesticide spraying management and control only when seeing that diseases exist according to habits, so that the yield and the quality are reduced, the yield of soybeans is reduced seriously, even the peasants cannot harvest the soybeans, and the loss of the farmers is serious;

2. the medication time is random, the nutrition regulation medication does not use key nodes which influence the production and development of the soybeans, and the effect performance is not ideal;

3. the medicament formula is not scientific in proportioning, and good effects of preventing diseases, increasing yield and improving quality cannot be achieved;

in view of the above, we provide a method for precisely regulating soybean to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the situation and overcoming the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for accurately regulating and controlling soybeans.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the method for accurately regulating and controlling the soybeans is characterized by comprising the step of spraying soybean leaf surfaces for three times, and comprises the following steps of taking mu as a unit:

(1) 10-20 g of 25% pyraclostrobin suspending agent, 10-20 g of 30% hexaconazole suspending agent, 500-1500ppm of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 5-30 g of 0.001% 18-hydroxy brassinolide, 5-30 g of 21% sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 5-30 g of 15% EDTA chelated zinc, 5-30 g of 13% EDTA chelated iron, 1-15 g of ammonium molybdate, 5-16 g of 50% pymetrozine and 10-50ml of 100 g/L amino acid aqueous solution, and spraying after being mixed uniformly with water;

(2) spraying 25% pyraclostrobin suspending agent 10-30 g, 30% hexaconazole suspending agent 10-30 g, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 500-1500ppm, 0.001% 18-hydroxy brassinolide 5-30 g, 21% sodium octaborate tetrahydrate 5-30 g, 15% EDTA chelated zinc 5-30 g, 13% EDTA chelated iron 5-30 g, 50% pymetrozine 5-16 g, 100 g/L amino acid aqueous solution 10-50ml, 100 g/L sugar alcohol calcium magnesium 10-50ml, mixing uniformly with water and spraying;

(3) spraying 10-30 g of 25% pyraclostrobin suspending agent, 10-30 g of 30% hexaconazole suspending agent, 500ppm diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 5-30 g of 0.001% 18-hydroxy brassinolide, 5-30 g of 15% EDTA chelated zinc, 5-30 g of 13% EDTA chelated iron, 10-50ml of 100 g/L amino acid aqueous solution, 10-50ml of 100 g/L sugar alcohol calcium magnesium and 10-60 g of 46% potassium nitrate in the granulation period, and spraying after uniformly mixing with water.

The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows:

(1) the efficient and environment-friendly nutrient regulator is accurately and reasonably applied to key nodes of the soybean growth cycle, promotes the robust growth of soybeans and lays a solid foundation for high yield of the soybeans.

(2) The high-efficiency low-toxicity bactericide is used at a reasonable node of the growth cycle of the soybeans, so that the control effect is improved, and the pesticide dosage is reduced.

(3) The efficient low-toxicity insecticide is applied to the key period of soybeans and key nodes for preventing pests with piercing-sucking mouthparts, effectively reduces the risk of viral diseases, and reduces soybean pods.

(4) When the insecticidal composition is used in the soybean seedling stage, the growth of root systems can be promoted, the early emergence of strong seedlings can be promoted, the piercing-sucking pests of soybeans can be effectively prevented and treated, and the risk of spreading viral diseases is reduced.

(5) The insecticidal composition is used in the pod bearing period, promotes the development of soybean pods, reduces abortion, increases the seed setting rate, and can be used for intensively preventing and controlling piercing-sucking mouthpart pests and preventing and controlling the spread of virus diseases.

(6) The soybean nutritional ingredient is used in the grain swelling period, so that the nutritional ingredients of soybeans are promoted to be transmitted to fruit grains, premature senility is prevented, the weight of the hundred kernels is increased, the yield of the soybeans is increased finally, and the quality is improved.

(7) The invention adopts a plurality of groups of formulas, is reasonably proportioned at different periods, and can be used reasonably in nodes in the whole growth period of soybeans, thereby improving the disease resistance of the soybeans, preventing various diseases in the growth period of the soybeans, preventing and controlling piercing-sucking mouthpart pests, reducing the spread risk of virus diseases, and preventing and controlling the pods of the soybeans from being too fruitful. The fertilizer meets various medium and trace elements in the growth period, promotes nutrition balance, realizes fusion and synergism with disease-preventing bactericide, makes plants robust, promotes multiple blossoms, promotes soybean pod development, increases fruiting rate, increases kernel weight, prevents premature senility, and achieves the purposes of quality improvement and yield increase.

(8) The key point of the invention is that the administration period is clear and accurate, the administration is accurate, the system is prevented and controlled, the comprehensive management is realized, the standardized management mode of the soybean growth period is formed, the effect is fast, and the popularization is easy.

Detailed Description

The foregoing and other technical matters, features and effects of the present invention will be more fully described in connection with the following embodiments.

The invention provides an accurate regulation and control method for soybean pesticide application, which selects a medicament combination: according to the nutritional requirements of different growth cycles of soybeans, the following medicaments are selected: pyraclostrobin, hexaconazole, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, hydroxyl brassinolide, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, chelated iron, chelated zinc, ammonium molybdate, pymetrozine, an amino acid aqueous solution, sugar alcohol calcium magnesium and potassium nitrate;

selecting a pesticide spraying period: selecting the medicaments for combination and proportioning, accurately selecting a reasonable application period in the whole growth cycle of the soybeans, performing reasonable nutrition regulation, and spraying soybean leaf surfaces for three times, wherein the spraying step is performed by taking mu as a unit and is divided into the following steps;

(1) 10-20 g of 25% pyraclostrobin suspending agent, 10-20 g of 30% hexaconazole suspending agent, 500-1500ppm of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 5-30 g of 0.001% 18-hydroxy brassinolide, 5-30 g of 21% sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 5-30 g of 15% EDTA chelated zinc, 5-30 g of 13% EDTA chelated iron, 1-15 g of ammonium molybdate, 5-16 g of 50% pymetrozine and 10-50ml of 100 g/L amino acid aqueous solution, and spraying after being mixed uniformly with water;

(2) spraying 25% pyraclostrobin suspending agent 10-30 g, 30% hexaconazole suspending agent 10-30 g, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 500-1500ppm, 0.001% 18-hydroxy brassinolide 5-30 g, 21% sodium octaborate tetrahydrate 5-30 g, 15% EDTA chelated zinc 5-30 g, 13% EDTA chelated iron 5-30 g, 50% pymetrozine 5-16 g, 100 g/L amino acid aqueous solution 10-50ml, 100 g/L sugar alcohol calcium magnesium 10-50ml, mixing uniformly with water and spraying;

(3) spraying 10-30 g of 25% pyraclostrobin suspending agent, 10-30 g of 30% hexaconazole suspending agent, 500ppm diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 5-30 g of 0.001% 18-hydroxy brassinolide, 5-30 g of 15% EDTA chelated zinc, 5-30 g of 13% EDTA chelated iron, 10-50ml of 100 g/L amino acid aqueous solution, 10-50ml of 100 g/L sugar alcohol calcium magnesium and 10-60 g of 46% potassium nitrate in the granulation period, and spraying after uniformly mixing with water.

According to the scheme of the invention, multiple groups of formulas are adopted, the reasonable proportions are realized at different periods, and the formula is respectively used at reasonable nodes such as a soybean seedling stage, a pod bearing stage and a soybean seed swelling stage, so that the disease resistance of soybeans can be improved, multiple diseases in the growth stage of the soybeans can be prevented, piercing-sucking mouthpart pests can be prevented and controlled, the spread risk of viral diseases can be reduced, the soybean pods can be prevented and controlled without practical use, multiple medium trace elements in the growth stage can be satisfied, the nutrition balance can be promoted, the fusion and synergism with disease-preventing bactericides can be realized, the plants can be strengthened, the multiple blossoms can be promoted, the development of the soybean pods can be promoted, the seed setting rate can be increased.

The medicament selected by the invention is introduced as follows:

ammonium molybdate: has good promotion effect on the growth of root systems and rhizobia, relieves the green spot of leaves and improves the photosynthetic capacity and yield.

Pymetrozine: the pesticide is a pesticide for controlling resistant pests, can be quickly absorbed by plants and widely distributed in crops, has good protection effect on newly grown branches and leaves after stem and leaf spraying, has long control duration, low toxicity and low residue, has no pesticide damage to crops, is safe to use, is not easy to produce resistance, and has wide insecticidal spectrum.

Pyraclostrobin (B): pyraclostrobin is a novel broad-spectrum bactericide, a mitochondrial respiration inhibitor, and has the functions of protection, treatment and leaf penetration and conduction.

Hexaconazole: 30% suspending agent, belonging to triazole fungicide and sterol demethylation inhibitor, having broad-spectrum protection and treatment effect on fungi, especially diseases caused by Basidiomycota and Ascomycota.

Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate: the high-energy plant growth regulator with broad-spectrum and breakthrough effect can improve the activity of plant peroxidase and nitrate reductase, increase the content of chlorophyll, accelerate photosynthesis, promote division and elongation of plant cells, promote root development and regulate the balance of nutrients in vivo.

Sodium octaborate tetrahydrate: medium trace elements, which belong to borate.

Amino acid aqueous solution: has important physiological functions, and has the activities of supplementing nutrition and promoting plant growth.

High zinc content: improving root activity and tillering ability, enhancing photosynthesis, facilitating synthesis of auxin, and enhancing disease resistance and drought resistance.

High-speed rail: iron is a trace element which is discovered to be necessary for the first plant, the iron plays an important role in the redox processes of plant respiration, photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism and the like, and iron-deficient leaves of the plant become yellow to cause yellow leaf disease.

High potassium content: the potassium nitrate can improve the intensity of photosynthesis, promote the formation of starch and sugar in crops, enhance the stress resistance and disease resistance of the crops, and improve the absorption and utilization of nitrogen by the crops.

The invention is simple in operation, and the effect of the invention is described in detail by experimental data as follows:

after wheat harvesting, carrying stubble and carrying rotary tillage on the land for three times, dividing and ridging according to test requirements, arranging the wheat in random blocks, wherein two groups of the wheat are 14 cells in total (each group comprises 7 cells, and 7 cells represent 7 treatments), the row length is 4 meters, the row spacing is 0.4 meter, protective rows are arranged around the protective rows, the side rows are removed during harvesting, the middle 3 rows are harvested for production, and 10 plants are randomly sampled in the middle three rows of the first and second groups of cells before harvesting for preparing test seeds.

Spraying medicaments in a seedling stage, a pod bearing stage and a grain swelling stage respectively in the whole chemical control process;

the test treatment method comprises the following steps:

(1) the two groups are adopted, and the spraying time is as follows: seedling stage 6-30, pod stage 8-10, and seed swelling stage 8-30;

(2)7 treatments are carried out;

a: controlling the whole process (seedling stage, pod bearing stage and grain swelling stage);

b: chemical control in seedling stage;

c: a pod bearing period;

d: a granulation period;

e: a pod bearing stage in a seedling stage;

f: a pod bearing period and a grain swelling period;

CK: chemical control was not implemented.

Removing the side rows during harvesting, harvesting the middle three rows, and performing evaluation items of plant height, bottom pod height, main stem node number, effective branches, single plant pod number, single plant grain number and hundred grain weight, wherein the evaluation items during the growth period are as follows: seeding stage, seedling emergence stage, initial flowering stage, full flowering stage, initial pod stage, seed swelling stage and mature stage.

Test results and analysis:

the first set of test results are given in the following table:

the second set of test results are given in the following table:

the sowing time is consistent with the local sowing time, the field management is carried out according to the national field test management standard, and the results are summarized to obtain the following conclusion;

from the list, the yield is increased compared with the control after the foliar insecticide is sprayed, particularly the yield is increased most obviously by treating the A full-process chemical control and the F podding period-grain swelling period chemical control, the yield can be obviously increased by spraying the foliar insecticide on different growth periods, mainly trace elements are supplemented, beneficial bacteria are added, the plant development and growth are promoted in the seedling period, the flower bud differentiation can be promoted in the podding period, the pod forming number is increased, the grain weight can be effectively increased in the grain swelling period, and therefore, the yield can be increased and the economic benefit is increased by spraying the insecticide on the plant in the key growth period of the plant.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention, and it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications conforming to the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. The method for accurately regulating and controlling the soybeans is characterized by comprising the step of spraying soybean leaf surfaces for three times, and comprises the following steps of taking mu as a unit:

(1) 10-20 g of 25% pyraclostrobin suspending agent, 10-20 g of 30% hexaconazole suspending agent, 500-1500ppm of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 5-30 g of 0.001% 18-hydroxy brassinolide, 5-30 g of 21% sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 5-30 g of 15% EDTA chelated zinc, 5-30 g of 13% EDTA chelated iron, 1-15 g of ammonium molybdate, 5-16 g of 50% pymetrozine and 10-50ml of 100 g/L amino acid aqueous solution, and spraying after being mixed uniformly with water;

(2) spraying 25% pyraclostrobin suspending agent 10-30 g, 30% hexaconazole suspending agent 10-30 g, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 500-1500ppm, 0.001% 18-hydroxy brassinolide 5-30 g, 21% sodium octaborate tetrahydrate 5-30 g, 15% EDTA chelated zinc 5-30 g, 13% EDTA chelated iron 5-30 g, 50% pymetrozine 5-16 g, 100 g/L amino acid aqueous solution 10-50ml, 100 g/L sugar alcohol calcium magnesium 10-50ml, mixing uniformly with water and spraying;

(3) spraying 10-30 g of 25% pyraclostrobin suspending agent, 10-30 g of 30% hexaconazole suspending agent, 500ppm diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 5-30 g of 0.001% 18-hydroxy brassinolide, 5-30 g of 15% EDTA chelated zinc, 5-30 g of 13% EDTA chelated iron, 10-50ml of 100 g/L amino acid aqueous solution, 10-50ml of 100 g/L sugar alcohol calcium magnesium and 10-60 g of 46% potassium nitrate in the granulation period, and spraying after uniformly mixing with water.