CN102005990A - H-bridge driving control circuit of motor - Google Patents
H-bridge driving control circuit of motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102005990A CN102005990A CN201010540831XA CN201010540831A CN102005990A CN 102005990 A CN102005990 A CN 102005990A CN 201010540831X A CN201010540831X A CN 201010540831XA CN 201010540831 A CN201010540831 A CN 201010540831A CN 102005990 A CN102005990 A CN 102005990A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an H-bridge driving control circuit of a motor, which comprises an H-bridge driving circuit, a driving control unit, an anti-interference unit and a protection unit, wherein in the H-bridge driving unit, two diagonal branch circuits are formed by four switching tubes; the driving control unit is used for converting an input control signal into a suitable voltage for controlling to switch on the corresponding switching tube; the anti-interference unit is used for preventing the upper arm switching tube of the other branch circuit from being switched on when one branch circuit is in the switch-on state; and the protection unit is used for preventing the lower arm switching tube of the other branch circuit from being switched on when one branch circuit is in the switch-on state. The H-bridge driving control circuit of the invention prevents the P switching tube which cannot be switched on from being switched on due to starting of the motor or burr generated by transient large current, improves the anti-interference capacity of the circuit, and can rapidly switch off the corresponding N-channel switching tube when the circuit control signal is disordered or goes wrong, so that the circuit has through protection function. The whole driving control circuit is driven by a single power supply, is easy to implement and has a simple structure, and the reliable work of the circuit is further guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of H bridge Drive and Control Circuit of motor.
Background technology
The power driving circuit of motor adopts the H bridge architecture to drive usually, H bridge drive circuit is driven by four power switch metal-oxide-semiconductors, upper arm is two P channel MOS tubes, underarm is two N-channel MOS pipes, conducting by controlling four switching tubes with end, make motor just change, reverse or stop.
The patent application that application number is 200820122809.1, name is called " H bridge direct current motor drive circuit " discloses a kind of H bridge direct current motor drive circuit, adopts the logic gates of separating to realize control to the H bridge.The shortcoming of this circuit is: the first, a little less than the anti-electromagnetic interference capability; The second, when electric motor starting, easily control signal is caused interference, cause misleading of field effect transistor; The 3rd, adopt logic gates need provide second kind of outer power supply of power power-supply.
The patent application that application number is 200810085943.3, name is called " H bridge " discloses a kind of H bridge circuit that control signal is all arranged by five switching tubes, there are four switching tubes to carry out motor-driven, form the H bridge construction, another switching tube is controlled between forward output and negative sense output.But this H bridge shortcoming is: the first, need a plurality of control signals to control the operating state of H bridge; The second, under the situation of big current break, the control of H bridge is not partly taked interference protection measure, easily control signal is caused interference.
Therefore, press for a kind of single supply of design, high-power, low-cost, high efficiency and than the driving and the control circuit of the H bridge construction of strong anti-interference ability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of H bridge Drive and Control Circuit with straight-through defencive function and stronger antijamming capability.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of H bridge Drive and Control Circuit of motor, it comprises
H bridge driver element, it comprises four switching tubes, described four switching tubes comprise two P channel switches pipes that are in upper arm and the two N channel switches pipes that are in underarm, the P channel switches pipe that is positioned at left upper arm constitutes branch road one with the N channel switches pipe that is positioned at the bottom right arm, the P channel switches pipe that is positioned at right upper arm constitutes branch road two with the N channel switches pipe that is positioned at the lower-left arm, in working order down, described branch road one alternately forms path to drive the direct current machine running with branch road two;
Left and right driving control unit, two outputs of described left driving control unit are electrically connected with two switching tubes of H bridge driver element branch road one respectively, and two outputs of described right driving control unit are electrically connected with two switching tubes of branch road two respectively; Described left and right sides driving control unit is used for the control signal of input is converted to suitable voltage to control corresponding switching tube conducting;
Left and right anti-interference unit, anti-interference unit, described right side input is connected with the output of described left driving control unit, and the right upper arm P channel switches pipe of its output and branch road two is electrically connected; Anti-interference unit, described left side input is connected with the output of right driving control unit, and the left upper arm P channel switches pipe of its output and branch road one is electrically connected; Described left and right anti-interference unit is used for being under the channel status at a branch road, stops the conducting of the upper arm switching tube of another branch road;
Left and right protected location, described left protected location input is connected with the output of left driving control unit, and the switching tube of its output and branch road two lower-left arms is electrically connected; Described right protected location input is connected with the output of right driving control unit, and the switching tube of its output and branch road one bottom right arm is electrically connected; Described left and right sides protected location is used for being under the channel status at a branch road, stops the conducting of the underarm switching tube of another branch road.
Further, described left and right driving control unit receives the control signal of input respectively by the photoelectricity isolated location.
Described H bridge driver element, driving control unit, anti-interference unit and photoelectricity isolated location are by same power power-supply power supply.
According to technique scheme in the circuit further implemented, described H bridge driver element is made of four field effect transistor, the field effect transistor source electrode that is positioned at left upper arm is electrically connected with the field effect transistor source electrode that is positioned at right upper arm, the field effect transistor source electrode that is positioned at the lower-left arm is electrically connected with the field effect transistor source electrode that is positioned at the bottom right arm, the drain electrode of left upper arm field effect transistor is electrically connected with the drain electrode of lower-left arm field effect transistor, right upper arm field effect transistor and the drain electrode of bottom right arm field effect transistor are electrically connected a described left side, right driving control unit output is electrically connected with the grid of corresponding field effect transistor respectively.
Described driving control unit by a positive-negative-positive triode, be connected in series in two resistance between power power-supply and this transistor collector, be connected in series in two resistance between earth terminal and this transistor emitter, be connected in series in two resistance between power power-supply and the photoelectricity isolated location, be connected in series in the intermediate ends of two resistance between power power-supply and the photoelectricity isolated location and a resistance between the transistor base and form, each extremely goes up each output of the voltage output end formation driving control unit of a resistance triode.
The resistance that described anti-interference unit is electrically connected by a positive-negative-positive triode, with this transistor base is formed, the other end of this resistance is connected with an output of described driving control unit, the grid of the field effect transistor of described transistor collector control corresponding with it is electrically connected, and its emitter connects power power-supply.
Described protected location is formed by a NPN type triode and with the resistance that this transistor base is electrically connected, and the collector electrode of this triode and the grid of corresponding field effect transistor are electrically connected, its grounded emitter.
Described photoelectricity isolated location is a photoelectrical coupler.
In four field effect transistor of described H bridge driver element, be connected a diode that is used to make the fast quick-recovery of each field effect transistor between the source electrode of each field effect transistor and the drain electrode respectively.
Owing to adopt technique scheme; the present invention has the following advantages: H Drive and Control Circuit of the present invention adopts anti-jamming circuit; prevent at electric motor starting or the burr that the big electric current of transient state produces occurs and make the P switching tube conducting of not answering conducting; thereby improved the antijamming capability of circuit; simultaneously; by increasing protected location the corresponding N switching tube is controlled; when circuit control signal gets muddled or is wrong; can fast corresponding N channel switches pipe be closed, make circuit have straight-through defencive function.Drive and Control Circuit of the present invention adopts single power supply to realize control, the driving of H bridge, is easy to realize that structure is simpler, has further guaranteed the reliably working of circuit.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic block circuit diagram of the H bridge Drive and Control Circuit of motor of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 be according to technical solution of the present invention concrete driving control unit and the protected location connecting circuit figure that implements;
Accompanying drawing 3 be according to technical solution of the present invention the concrete anti-interference element circuit figure that implements;
Accompanying drawing 4 be according to technical solution of the present invention concrete photoelectricity isolated location and the driving control unit connecting circuit figure that implements;
Wherein: 101, photoelectricity isolated location; 102, driving control unit; 103, anti-interference unit; 104, protected location; 105, H bridge driver element; 106, anti-interference unit; 107, protected location; 108, driving control unit; 109, photoelectricity isolated location; 110, power power-supply.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred specific embodiment of the present invention is described:
H bridge Drive and Control Circuit as shown in Figure 1, mainly by the H bridge driver element 105 of core, driving control unit 102 and 108, anti-interference unit 103 and 106, protected location 104 and 107, photoelectricity isolated location 101 and 108 and same power power-supply 110 constitute.Wherein, H bridge driver element 105 mainly is made up of four field effect transistor, and four field effect transistor comprise two P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe 105a, 105c that are positioned at upper arm and are positioned at two N channel field- effect pipe 105b, 105d of underarm.Wherein, the field effect transistor 105d of the field effect transistor 105a of left upper arm and bottom right arm constitutes branch road one, the field effect transistor 105b of the field effect transistor 105c of right upper arm and lower-left arm constitutes branch road two, under the situation that the control signal input is arranged, branch road one alternately forms path with branch road two, to drive the direct current machine forward or reverse.
The output of the protected location 104 that is connected with driving control unit 103 and the grid of lower-left arm field effect transistor 105b are electrically connected, and the output of 108 protected locations that are electrically connected 107 that are connected with driving control unit 108 and the field effect transistor 105d grid of bottom right arm are electrically connected.
Two input sides in two driving control unit 102 and 108 also are electrically connected with photoelectricity isolated location 101 and 109 respectively.Power power-supply is above-mentioned H bridge driver element, driving control unit, anti-interference unit, protected location power supply.
When two path control signal is imported, a control signal is applied to photoelectricity isolated location 101, photoelectricity isolated location 101 is exported a certain size voltage signal to driving control unit 102, two voltage signals of driving control unit 102 outputs are applied to the field effect transistor 105a of H bridge driver element 105, the gate terminal of 105d respectively; Another control signal puts on photoelectricity isolated location 109, photoelectricity isolated location 109 is exported a certain size voltage signal to driving control unit 108, two voltage signals of driving control unit 108 outputs are applied to the field effect transistor 105c of H bridge driver element 105, the gate terminal of 105b respectively.Be under the channel status at branch road one, 102 while of driving control unit output signal is controlled the output of anti-interference unit 106, make anti-interference unit 106 control right upper arm field effect transistor 105c remain off states, simultaneously, this driving control unit 102 is also exported control signal control protected location 104, makes protected location 104 control lower-left arm field effect transistor 105b remain off states; Be under the channel status at branch road two; driving control unit 108 output signals are controlled the output of anti-interference unit 103; make anti-interference unit 103 control left upper arm field effect transistor 105a remain off states; simultaneously; this driving control unit 108 is also exported control signal control protected location 107, makes protected location 107 control bottom right arm field effect transistor 105d remain offs.
Above-mentioned each functional unit operation principle is illustrated, below will to the present invention concrete each functional unit physical circuit of implementing be introduced:
In the present embodiment, four field effect transistor of H bridge driver element, wherein, the source electrode of left upper arm field effect transistor 105a and right upper arm field effect transistor 105c source electrode are electrically connected, lower-left arm field effect transistor 105b is connected with bottom right arm field effect transistor 105d source electrode, simultaneously, left upper arm field effect transistor 105a drain electrode is electrically connected with lower-left arm field effect transistor 105b drain electrode, right upper arm field effect transistor 105c drain electrode is electrically connected with bottom right arm field effect transistor 105d drain electrode, in order to make when motor shuts down, each the field effect transistor drain electrode of H bridge is released fast, between the drain electrode of each field effect transistor and source electrode, also be electrically connected a diode 105e respectively, 105f, 105h, 105g, wherein, the diode that is connected with upper arm two field effect transistor, its N utmost point is electrically connected with corresponding field effect transistor source electrode, and the P utmost point is connected with corresponding field effect transistor drain electrode.With the diode that underarm two field effect transistor are connected, its P utmost point is electrically connected with corresponding field effect transistor source electrode, and the drain electrode of the N utmost point and corresponding field effect transistor is electrically connected, specifically as shown in Figure 1.
That shown in Figure 2 is two field effect transistor 105a, 105b connecting circuit figure about driving control unit 102 and protected location 104 and the left side.Wherein, driving control unit 102 mainly is made up of a positive-negative-positive triode V3 and six resistance, particularly, and the base stage of this triode V3 connect two resistance R 22, R23, series resistance R17, R18 between its emitter and the power power-supply VDD, series resistance R20, R21 between its collector electrode and the ground.Wherein, the grid of the voltage output end of resistance R 18 and field effect transistor 105a is electrically connected; resistance R 21 voltage output ends one tunnel input to the grid (see figure 4) of field effect transistor 105d; one the tunnel inputs to protected location 104, and the voltage output end of resistance R 23 inputs to anti-interference unit 106 (see figure 3)s that are connected with field effect transistor 105c.
Photoelectricity isolated location 101 is a photoelectrical coupler, sees Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, and its control signal coupling with input accesses in the circuit.
Above-mentioned each functional unit physical circuit to control H bridge driver element branch road one reliably working is illustrated; the photoelectricity isolated location of controlling 109, driving control unit 108, anti-interference unit 103, protected location 107 to branch road two are identical with above-mentioned photoelectricity isolated location 101, driving control unit 102, anti-interference unit 106 and protected location 104 circuit structures, do not repeat them here.
The concrete course of work is as follows:
When there is the control signal input in the left side, the photoelectrical coupler conducting of photoelectricity isolated location 101, resistance R 22 by driving control unit 102 is carried out dividing potential drop with R23, make triode V3 saturation conduction, thereby make resistance R 17 and R21 form certain pressure reduction, the pressure differential P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe 105a conducting of resistance R 17, the pressure differential N channel field-effect pipe 105d conducting of resistance R 21.Resistance R 18 can be used for regulating resistance R 17 with resistance R 20 and be in a rational voltage range with the R21 voltage difference.
Simultaneously, in P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe 105a, N channel field-effect pipe 105d conducting, on resistance R 22, produced a voltage difference, make that positive-negative-positive triode V11 is in the saturation conduction state in the anti-interference unit 106, the grid of P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe 105c is approximate directly to link to each other with working power VDD, working power VDD is at big current start or when glitch occurring, the grid of field effect transistor 105c is all the time along with power vd D transient change, make field effect transistor 105c can not occur misleading, improved the antijamming capability of circuit largely.
And; in the driving control unit 102 during positive-negative-positive triode V3 conducting; resistance R 21 has formed a voltage difference; make NPN transistor V12 conducting in the protected location 104; make the approximate ground connection of voltage of the grid of N-channel MOS pipe V7, V7 is in cut-off state all the time, has guaranteed not conducting simultaneously of V5 and V7; play the effect of protective circuit, improved the reliability of circuit.
When wrong control signal occurring, when left branch one, right branch two have the control signal input simultaneously, photoelectricity isolated location 101, driving control unit 102 work, NPN type triode conducting in the protected location 104 makes branch road two underarm N-channel MOS pipe 105b be in cut-off state; Photoelectricity isolated location 109, driving control unit 108 work; NPN type triode conducting in the protected location 107; make branch road one underarm N-channel MOS pipe 105d be in cut-off state, avoided the generation of monolateral straight-through phenomenon, protected location 104, protected location 107 play the effect of protective circuit.
The foregoing description only is explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics; its purpose is to allow the personage who is familiar with this technology can understand content of the present invention and enforcement according to this; can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this; all equivalences that spirit is done according to the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the H bridge Drive and Control Circuit of a motor is characterized in that it comprises
H bridge driver element, it comprises four switching tubes, described four switching tubes comprise two P channel switches pipes that are in upper arm and the two N channel switches pipes that are in underarm, wherein, the P channel switches pipe that is positioned at left upper arm constitutes branch road one with the N channel switches pipe that is positioned at the bottom right arm, the P channel switches pipe that is positioned at right upper arm constitutes branch road two with the N channel switches pipe that is positioned at the lower-left arm, and in working order down, described branch road one alternately forms path to drive the direct current machine running with branch road two;
Left and right driving control unit, two outputs of described left driving control unit are electrically connected with two switching tubes of H bridge driver element branch road one respectively, and two outputs of described right driving control unit are electrically connected with two switching tubes of branch road two respectively; Described left and right sides driving control unit is used for the control signal of input is converted to suitable voltage to control corresponding switching tube conducting;
Left and right anti-interference unit, anti-interference unit, described right side input is connected with the output of described left driving control unit, and the right upper arm P channel switches pipe of its output and branch road two is electrically connected; Anti-interference unit, described left side input is connected with the output of right driving control unit, and the left upper arm P channel switches pipe of its output and branch road one is electrically connected; Described left and right anti-interference unit is used for being under the channel status at a branch road, stops the conducting of the upper arm switching tube of another branch road;
Left and right protected location, described left protected location input is connected with the output of left driving control unit, and the switching tube of its output and branch road two lower-left arms is electrically connected; Described right protected location input is connected with the output of right driving control unit, and the switching tube of its output and branch road one bottom right arm is electrically connected; Described left and right sides protected location is used for being under the channel status at a branch road, stops the conducting of the underarm switching tube of another branch road.
2. the H bridge Drive and Control Circuit of motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the control signal that described left and right driving control unit is imported by the reception of photoelectricity isolated location respectively.
3. the H bridge Drive and Control Circuit of motor according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described H bridge driver element, driving control unit, anti-interference unit and photoelectricity isolated location are by same power power-supply power supply.
4. motor H bridge Drive and Control Circuit according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described H bridge driver element is made of four field effect transistor, the field effect transistor source electrode that is positioned at left upper arm is electrically connected with the field effect transistor source electrode that is positioned at right upper arm, the field effect transistor source electrode that is positioned at the lower-left arm is electrically connected with the field effect transistor source electrode that is positioned at the bottom right arm, the drain electrode of left upper arm field effect transistor is electrically connected with the drain electrode of lower-left arm field effect transistor, right upper arm field effect transistor and the drain electrode of bottom right arm field effect transistor are electrically connected a described left side, right driving control unit output is electrically connected with the grid of corresponding field effect transistor respectively.
5. the H bridge Drive and Control Circuit of motor according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described driving control unit is by a positive-negative-positive triode, be connected in series in two resistance between power power-supply and this transistor collector, be connected in series in two resistance between earth terminal and this transistor emitter, be connected in series in two resistance between power power-supply and the photoelectricity isolated location, be connected in series in the intermediate ends of two resistance between power power-supply and the photoelectricity isolated location and a resistance between the transistor base and form, each extremely goes up each output of the voltage output end formation driving control unit of a resistance triode.
6. the H bridge Drive and Control Circuit of motor according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the resistance that described anti-interference unit is electrically connected by a positive-negative-positive triode, with this transistor base is formed, the other end of this resistance is connected with an output of described driving control unit, the grid of the field effect transistor of described transistor collector control corresponding with it is electrically connected, and its emitter connects power power-supply.
7. the H bridge Drive and Control Circuit of motor according to claim 6; it is characterized in that: described protected location is formed by a NPN type triode and with the resistance that this transistor base is electrically connected; the collector electrode of this triode and the grid of corresponding field effect transistor are electrically connected, its grounded emitter.
8. the H bridge Drive and Control Circuit of motor according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described photoelectricity isolated location is a photoelectrical coupler.
9. the H bridge Drive and Control Circuit of motor according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: in four field effect transistor of described H bridge driver element, be connected a diode that is used to make the fast quick-recovery of each field effect transistor between the source electrode of each field effect transistor and the drain electrode respectively.
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| CN201010540831XA CN102005990B (en) | 2010-11-12 | 2010-11-12 | H-bridge driving control circuit of motor |
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| CN201010540831XA CN102005990B (en) | 2010-11-12 | 2010-11-12 | H-bridge driving control circuit of motor |
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| CN102005990B CN102005990B (en) | 2013-09-18 |
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