CN101989569A - 铜互连方法 - Google Patents

铜互连方法 Download PDF

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CN101989569A
CN101989569A CN2009100559382A CN200910055938A CN101989569A CN 101989569 A CN101989569 A CN 101989569A CN 2009100559382 A CN2009100559382 A CN 2009100559382A CN 200910055938 A CN200910055938 A CN 200910055938A CN 101989569 A CN101989569 A CN 101989569A
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copper
layer
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copper interconnection
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CN101989569B (zh
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刘盛
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Semiconductor Manufacturing International Shanghai Corp
Semiconductor Manufacturing International Beijing Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/70Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/71Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
    • H01L21/768Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
    • H01L21/76838Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
    • H01L21/76877Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/28Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
    • H01L21/283Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
    • H01L21/288Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition
    • H01L21/2885Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition using an external electrical current, i.e. electro-deposition

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种铜互连方法,采用蚀刻工艺在介质层上形成通孔,并在通孔中沉积扩散阻挡层和铜籽晶层后,该方法包括:将晶圆从反应室中取出,在晶圆进入电镀槽之前,晶圆正面朝下并发生旋转;采用电化学镀ECP生长铜互连层;采用化学机械研磨CMP将铜互连层抛光至介质层表面,形成铜导线。采用该方法能够在铜互连的过程中避免铜导线出现空洞,并避免对铜导线造成侵蚀。

Description

铜互连方法
技术领域
本发明涉及半导体制造领域,特别涉及一种铜互连方法。
背景技术
随着电子设备的广泛应用,半导体的制造工艺得到了飞速的发展,在半导体的制造流程中,涉及铜互连工艺。图1~图6为现有技术中铜互连方法的过程剖面结构图,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一,参见图1,提供一晶圆,并在晶圆的硅衬底101上沉积介质层102。
步骤二,参见图2,采用蚀刻工艺在介质层102上形成通孔103。
该通孔103用于在后续工艺流程中容纳形成的铜导线。
步骤三,参见图3,采用物理气相沉积(PVD)沉积扩散阻挡层104。
在实际应用中,扩散阻挡层为上下层叠的氮化钽(TaN)层和钽(Ta)层,或上下层叠的氮化钛(TiN)层和钛(Ti)层。
步骤四,参见图4,采用PVD沉积铜籽晶层105。
步骤五,参见图5,采用电化学镀(ECP)生长铜互连层106。
在本步骤中,ECP的具体方法为:采用PVD沉积铜籽晶层105后,利用一个机械臂将晶圆从密闭的反应室中取出,然后机械臂将晶圆移动到电镀槽的上方,在电镀槽的上方还有一个用于吸附晶圆的电镀环,也就是说,此时机械臂将晶圆移动到电镀环上方,电镀环将晶圆吸附在其上后,电镀环在电机的驱动下将晶圆浸没在电镀槽中的电镀液中,同时,电镀环在电机的驱动下发生旋转,从而带动浸没在电镀液中的晶圆也发生旋转,这样就完成了ECP的过程,需要说明的是,在整个ECP的过程中,晶圆的正面朝下,反面朝上。
步骤六,参见图6,采用化学机械研磨(CMP)将铜互连层抛光至介质层102表面,形成铜导线107。
然而,在上述步骤四中,沉积铜籽晶层是在密闭的反应室中进行的,当步骤四结束后,沉积有铜籽晶层的晶圆被从反应室中取出,并准备进入步骤五中的ECP流程,当沉积有铜籽晶层的晶圆被从反应室中取出后,若空气中的可挥发性有机物(VOC)或污染物颗粒浓度很高,则VOC或污染物颗粒会迅速地附着在铜籽晶层的表面,当进入步骤五中的ECP流程后,电镀液无法填充VOC或污染物颗粒所占据的空间,这样就会导致最终形成的铜导线中出现空洞,甚至VOC或污染物颗粒还会对最终形成的铜导线造成侵蚀。
可见,现有技术中铜互连的方法会使铜导线出现空洞,甚至对铜导线造成侵蚀。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种铜互连的方法,能够在铜互连的过程中避免铜导线出现空洞,并避免对铜导线造成侵蚀。
为达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案具体是这样实现的:
一种铜互连方法,采用蚀刻工艺在介质层上形成通孔,并在通孔中沉积扩散阻挡层和铜籽晶层后,该方法包括:
将晶圆从反应室中取出,在晶圆进入电镀槽之前,晶圆正面朝下并发生旋转;
采用电化学镀ECP生长铜互连层;
采用化学机械研磨CMP将铜互连层抛光至介质层表面,形成铜导线。
所述旋转速度为800-1300转/分钟。
所述旋转时间为10-30秒。
所述晶圆发生旋转的方法为:采用机械臂将晶圆移动到电镀环上方,电镀环将晶圆吸附在其上后,电镀环在电机的驱动下在空中旋转,并带动晶圆在空中旋转。
可见,在本发明所提供的铜互连方法中,当沉积铜籽晶层后,将晶圆从反应室中取出,在晶圆进入电镀槽之前,晶圆正面朝下并发生旋转,可将VOC或颗粒污染物从铜籽晶层的表面去除掉,这样,当采用ECP生长铜互连层时,沉积有铜籽晶层的通孔可完全被电镀液填充,避免了最终形成的铜导线中出现空洞,同时也避免了VOC或污染颗粒物对铜导线的侵蚀。
附图说明
图1~图6为现有技术中铜互连方法的过程剖面结构图。
图7-图13为本发明所提供的铜互连方法的过程剖面结构图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下参照附图并举实施例,对本发明进一步详细说明。
图7-图13为本发明所提供的铜互连方法的过程剖面结构图,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一,参见图7,提供一晶圆,并在晶圆的硅衬底101上沉积介质层102。
步骤二,参见图8,采用蚀刻工艺在介质层102上形成通孔103。
步骤三,参见图9,采用PVD沉积扩散阻挡层104。
步骤四,参见图10,采用PVD沉积铜籽晶层105。
上述步骤一至四为现有技术的内容,在此不予赘述。
步骤五,参见图11,将晶圆从反应室中取出,在晶圆进入电镀槽之前,晶圆正面朝下并发生旋转。
步骤一至四均发生在反应室中,当步骤四结束后,使用一个机械臂将晶圆从反应室取出,机械臂将晶圆移动到电镀环上方,电镀环将晶圆吸附在其上后,并不立即将晶圆浸没在电镀槽的电镀液中,而是在电机的驱动下在空中发生高速旋转,从而带动晶圆在空中发生高速旋转。
在实际应用中,为了使铜籽晶层表面的VOC或污染物颗粒能够在旋转的过程中脱离铜籽晶层表面,必须使晶圆发生高速旋转,在本发明中,晶圆的旋转速度为800-1300转/分钟,同时,旋转时间为10-30秒。
步骤六,参见图12,采用ECP生长铜互连层106。
步骤七,参见图13,采用CMP将铜互连层106抛光至介质层102表面,形成铜导线107。
上述步骤六、七为现有技术的内容,在此不予赘述。
可见,本发明与现有技术的主要区别在于:在现有技术中,当沉积铜籽晶层后,晶圆被机械臂从反应腔中取出,并被吸附在电镀槽上方的电镀环上,电镀环在电机的驱动下将晶圆浸没在电镀液中,并同时使晶圆在电镀液中发生旋转,而在本发明中,晶圆被吸附在电镀槽上方的电镀环后,并不立即浸没在电镀液中,而是在电镀环的带动下在空中高度旋转,由于离心力和重力的作用,铜籽晶层表面的VOC或污染物颗粒就可从铜籽晶层表面脱落,然后再在电镀环的带动下将晶圆浸没在电镀液中,并同时使晶圆在电镀液中发生旋转,完成ECP的过程。
至此,本流程结束,可进入后续的工艺流程。
在本发明所提供的铜互连方法中,当沉积铜籽晶层后,将晶圆从反应室中取出,在晶圆进入电镀槽之前,晶圆正面朝下并发生旋转,可将VOC或颗粒污染物从铜籽晶层的表面去除掉,然后采用ECP生长铜互连层,并采用CMP将铜互连层抛光至介质层的表面,形成铜导线,由此可见,当采用ECP生长铜互连层时,电镀液可完全填充沉积有铜籽晶层的通孔,避免了最终形成的铜导线中出现空洞,同时也避免了VOC或污染颗粒物对铜导线的侵蚀。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换以及改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种铜互连方法,采用蚀刻工艺在介质层上形成通孔,并在通孔中沉积扩散阻挡层和铜籽晶层后,该方法包括:
将晶圆从反应室中取出,在晶圆进入电镀槽之前,晶圆正面朝下并发生旋转;
采用电化学镀ECP生长铜互连层;
采用化学机械研磨CMP将铜互连层抛光至介质层表面,形成铜导线。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述旋转速度为800-1300转/分钟。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述旋转时间为10-30秒。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述晶圆发生旋转的方法为:采用机械臂将晶圆移动到电镀环上方,电镀环将晶圆吸附在其上后,电镀环在电机的驱动下在空中旋转,并带动晶圆在空中旋转。
CN 200910055938 2009-08-05 2009-08-05 铜互连方法 Active CN101989569B (zh)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103199083A (zh) * 2013-04-09 2013-07-10 上海华力微电子有限公司 复合铜扩散阻挡层及其制备方法

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CN100409416C (zh) * 2005-12-06 2008-08-06 上海华虹Nec电子有限公司 消除金属连线上铜颗粒的方法
CN101419903B (zh) * 2007-10-24 2010-06-23 联华电子股份有限公司 移除晶片上的颗粒的方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103199083A (zh) * 2013-04-09 2013-07-10 上海华力微电子有限公司 复合铜扩散阻挡层及其制备方法

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