CN101988862A - Method for testing service life of rolling bearings - Google Patents
Method for testing service life of rolling bearings Download PDFInfo
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- CN101988862A CN101988862A CN2009101092029A CN200910109202A CN101988862A CN 101988862 A CN101988862 A CN 101988862A CN 2009101092029 A CN2009101092029 A CN 2009101092029A CN 200910109202 A CN200910109202 A CN 200910109202A CN 101988862 A CN101988862 A CN 101988862A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing the service life of rolling bearings, which comprises: mounting two rolling bearings to be tested on one optic axis and rotationally supporting the optic axis by using a bearing block on which a supporting bearing is arranged; driving the optic axis to rotate at a constant rotation speed by using a power transmission device; applying a pair of loads which are the same in size and opposite in direction along the radial direction of the optic axis to the bearings to be tested; and recording the failure time of the rolling bearings to be tested and calculating the service life under normal stress level of the tested bearings. According to the technical scheme, the service life of the rolling bearings is tested by applying the loads which are the same in size and opposite in direction along the radial direction of the optic axis to the bearings to be tested, the external forces born by the optic axis in a testing system in the whole test process are almost kept balance, the optic axis hardly bears forces applied by the internal parts of the system, and thus, the operation reliability and service life of the whole test system are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rolling bearing aging test field, mainly be applicable to the strenuous test of rolling bearing life and reliability and evaluation fast.
Background technology
Durability test is one of important channel of rolling bearing failure Mechanism, life-span theoretical research and life-span and reliability assessment.As far back as the forties in 20th century, various countries just begin to adopt the development test and the design test of single factor environmental simulation to the design of rolling bearing, are used for the q﹠r of check bearing design.Then begin to adopt integrated environment simulation fail-test, mission profile test the seventies in 20th century and check and accept simulation test.After this for a long time in these test methods become the main means that ensure the rolling bearing reliability.But because the hysteresis quality of complicacy, Gao Chengmu and the test findings of environmental simulation coupling makes such modelling technique lose certain advantage.
Publication number is that the Chinese patent application of CN1900674A discloses a kind of rolling bearing life and reliability and reliability intensifying testing machine and test method thereof; comprise load maintainer; test head assembly; lubricating structure; control system and gear train; test head assembly is provided with test head and test headstock; the test head is installed in the test headstock; test head and gear train; load maintainer connects; control system and gear train; load maintainer; lubricating structure connects; gear train provides the test required drive; load maintainer provides required axial load of test and radial load; lubricating structure makes test bearing sufficient lubrication under normal circumstances and cooling; operation of control system control apparatus and protection; the record test parameters; the ruuning situation of monitoring test, analytical test process and result also carry out Control and Feedback in real time.In the above process of the test, load maintainer will certainly cause the discontinuity equalization of pilot system when rolling bearing to be measured is loaded radial load, part system (optical axis installation position) is produced thrust or pressure, damage test macro, thus the serviceable life of having reduced test macro.Mechanism or part that while whole test machine is used are many, have increased the complicacy of system's assembling or test process.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is that to overcome in the prior art in the rolling bearing life process of the test test macro local pressure unbalanced and damage, the deficiency of test process complexity, provide test macro stress equalization in a kind of rolling bearing life process of the test, the test method that test process is safe and simple.
Technical matters of the present invention is solved by the following technical programs:
A kind of rolling bearing life test method may further comprise the steps:
Step 2, drive described optical axis by an actuating unit and under constant rotational speed, rotate;
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by above technical scheme, two test bearings are installed on the optical axis, gear train drives the optical axis rotation, and it is a pair of equal along the optical axis radial dimension by test bearing is applied, the load that direction is opposite realizes detecting the serviceable life of rolling bearing, the suffered outer dynamic balance of optical axis in the test macro in the entire test, almost seldom be subjected to the acting force of internal system parts, the functional reliability and the serviceable life of whole test system have been improved, and a lot of unnecessary control device in process of the test, have been omitted and required parts when detecting, test method is fairly simple, effectively reduce cost, shorten the digestion period of rolling bearing simultaneously, can effectively improve the verification efficiency of rolling bearing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of rolling bearing testing machine in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the composition structural drawing of embodiment of the invention test macro;
Fig. 3 is the optical axis assembling synoptic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the optical axis assembling synoptic diagram of the another kind of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is embodiment of the invention optical axis force analysis figure;
Fig. 6 is the mechanism principle figure of a kind of embodiment of charger of the present invention.
Embodiment
Also the present invention is described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below by concrete embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the test macro of rolling bearing life test of the present invention comprises optical axis 4, actuating unit 3 and charger 1, actuating unit 3 is connected with optical axis 4 and can drives optical axis 4 rotations, optical axis 4 is used to install two rolling bearings 5,6 to be measured, will apply a pair of along the optical axis radial dimension equates, direction is opposite load in the process of the test to two rolling bearings 5,6 to be measured.
Actuating unit 3 is provided with first belt pulley 32, power source 34, second belt pulley 31 and belt 33, power source 34 can provide the device of power, as engine, motor etc., second belt pulley 31 is fixedlyed connected with optical axis 4, is preferably second belt pulley 31 and crosses spline with the optical axis four-way and fixedly connected.First belt pulley 32 is connected with power source 34.Power source 34 can drive 32 rotations of first belt pulley, can give second belt pulley 31 with transmission of power by belt 33, thereby drives optical axis 4 rotations by second belt pulley 31.Wherein, the transmission of power between motor and the optical axis 5 not only can realize by the band transmission, also can realize by the multiple kind of drive, as gear drive, planet wheel transmission, box of tricks transmission etc.
During test, the first step is installed on bearing 5,6 to be measured on the optical axis 4, and optical axis 4 is rotated support, can select the diameter of optical axis 4 according to the size of bearing 5,6 to be measured.Selected optical axis 4 should be interference fit with cooperating of rolling bearing 5,6 to be measured.Preferably, optical axis 4 is by being arranged on two back shaft seat supports on the platform, rolling bearing is installed in the bearing seat, the two ends of optical axis 4 are installed spring bearing 7,8 respectively and are rotated support by supporting seat, therefore, under the drive of actuating unit 3, optical axis 4 can rotate freely with respect to supporting seat.
As further improvement, as shown in Figure 4, be provided with baffle ring 12 between two rolling bearings 5,6 to be measured, the axial width of baffle ring 12 is 1-3mm, baffle ring 12 separates rolling bearing 5,6 to be measured.On optical axis 4, between spring bearing 8 and the rolling bearing to be measured 6, also be with abutment sleeve 11 between spring bearing 7 and the rolling bearing to be measured 5, two rolling bearings 5,6 to be measured are positioned at the centre position of optical axis 4 by abutment sleeve 11, in optical axis 4 high-speed rotation, can guarantee the stability of rolling bearing 5,6 to be measured like this, make rolling bearing 5,6 to be measured remain at a position, increased the accuracy of test.
Second step, driving optical axis 4 by actuating unit 3 rotates under a constant rotational speed, the concrete rotating speed of optical axis 4 can be determined according to the speed of bearing real work shaft to be measured, if the speed of rolling bearing real work shaft to be measured is 3000r/min-5000r/min, we will test as the rotating speed of optical axis 4 with mean value 4000r/min so.The influence of factors such as lubricated, load when considering the rolling bearing real work and limit speed, the test optical axis need be selected suitable rotating speed.The range of speeds of optical axis is preferably 4000-8000r/min.Determine in the good test behind the optical axis 4 required working speeds, start power source 34 and regulate the rotating speed of power source 34, optical axis 4 is remained under the constant rotational speed turn round.
The 3rd step, give two rolling bearings 5,6 to be measured apply a pair of along described optical axis 4 the load that radial dimension equates, direction is opposite and pick up counting; In conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5, rolling bearing bearing 5,6 to be measured can load by a hydraulic mechanism, as shown in Figure 5, load for two rolling bearings 5,6 to be measured by final realization of the switching of control hydraulic mechanism respective valves by load cylinder 25,26.Load cylinder 25 provides radially test load and loads on the rolling bearing 5 to be measured, and load cylinder 26 provides radially test load and loads on the test bearing 6.Opposite and the respectively corresponding rolling bearing to be measured of the direction of radial loaded oil cylinder 25,26, be load cylinder 25 corresponding rolling bearings 5, load cylinder 26 corresponding rolling bearings 6, radial loaded oil cylinder 25,26 provide a pair of along optical axis 4 radial dimension equate, direction is opposite load F1, F2 can for two test bearings.The size of the loading force F1 of load maintainer institute, F2 is determined by the size of the environmental load of rolling bearing 5,6 to be measured in real work, if rolling bearing the 5, the 6th promptly to be measured is actually used in load under the environmental load of 3000N, hydraulic mechanism 1 should be many times of actual working environment load for test bearing 5,6 load that applied so, here be preferably 3-5 doubly, promptly hydraulic mechanism 1 will be 9000N-15000N to the load of test bearing 5,6 loadings.
Load maintainer also can be other chargers, if the device that can realize the loading effect in the prior art all can, as pneumatic means, devices such as lifting jack.
After charger 1 provided load for rolling bearing 5,6 to be measured, optical axis 4 as shown in Figure 6 stressed carried out force analysis to optical axis 4, is fulcrum with o, can get following equation:
F
2·(a+c)＝F
1·a+F
3·(a+b+c)
F
1＝F
2
Simultaneous can get:
Because,
a+b+c＞＞c
So,
F
1＝F
2＞＞F
3
As seen, power between the opposite load of the both direction that hydraulic mechanism applied is cancelled out each other substantially, thereby all on effect and the rolling bearing to be measured, and can optical axis and whole test system not exerted an influence, can not produce the force phenomenon that is subjected to of system unit inside, thereby improve to a certain extent the degree of accuracy and the serviceable life of test macro.
The 4th step, the time when the record test bearing lost efficacy are also extrapolated test bearing life-span under the conventional stress level.Because in process of the test, in order to improve test efficiency, shorten test period, the load that is loaded is 3-5 times of conventional load, therefore need calculate the life-span of rolling bearing under conventional stress according to the rolling bearing out-of-service time of test.Concrete reckoning process can be carried out according to corresponding estimation company and theory, because of concrete reckoning process does not relate to substantial portion of the present invention and is general knowledge known in this field, does not repeat them here.The detection of bearing failure can adopt any technique known means of the prior art to detect, can adopt the mode of range estimation to carry out in this formula example, though there is certain error, but test figure still has certain confidence level, can effectively improve the verification efficiency of rolling bearing life.If find that by range estimation rolling bearing to be measured fatigue crack occurs or produces vibration and noise, judges that promptly rolling bearing to be measured lost efficacy.When rolling bearing to be measured lost efficacy, time that the record test bearing lost efficacy and the work that stops test macro, the life-span by experimental formula well known in the art or the rational formula test bearing under can the conventional stress level of reckoning place then.
Adopt above scheme, can be by adjusting the size and optical axis 4 rotating speeds of imposed load, realize the quick aging test of rolling bearing, in the process of the test by applying a pair of balancing load, solved test macro discontinuity equalization in the prior art, cause the stressed and shortcoming of damage test system of components interior easily, low load, long problem of high-revolving traditional bearing life test method cycle have been solved simultaneously, compare with the conventional test technology, can collect enough data in the short time, thus the serviceable life of analysis, calculation bearing.And above technical scheme is simple with respect to existing testing equipment, has saved cost greatly.
Claims (9)
1. rolling bearing life test method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, be installed on two rolling bearings to be measured on the optical axis and with described optical axis by the rotatable support of the bearing seat that is provided with spring bearing;
Step 2, drive described optical axis by an actuating unit and under constant rotational speed, rotate;
Step 3, to apply for two rolling bearings to be measured a pair of along described optical axis radial dimension equates, direction is opposite load and pick up counting;
Step 4, the time when record rolling bearing to be measured lost efficacy are also calculated test bearing life-span under the conventional stress level.
2. test method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described two rolling bearings to be measured are installed on the centre position of optical axis, and the spacing of two rolling bearings to be measured is 1-3mm.
3. test method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the range of speeds of described optical axis is 4000-8000r/min.
4. test method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described optical axis two ends are by the rotatable support of the bearing seat that is provided with spring bearing.
5. test method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described rolling bearing to be measured positions by being arranged on rolling bearing to be measured on the optical axis and the abutment sleeve between the spring bearing and the baffle ring between the rolling bearing to be measured.
6. test method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described two rolling bearings to be measured apply a pair of load along described optical axis radial dimension equates, direction is opposite load by a charger.
7. test method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described charger comprises two load cylinders, and the corresponding respectively rolling bearing to be measured of each load cylinder also can radially load to rolling bearing along optical axis.
8. test method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the size of the load that described charger loads is 3-5 a times of rolling bearing actual working environment load to be measured.
9. test method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it is that rolling bearing to be measured fatigue crack occurs or produces vibration and noise that described rolling bearing to be measured lost efficacy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101092029A CN101988862B (en) | 2009-07-30 | 2009-07-30 | Method for testing service life of rolling bearings |
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| CN2009101092029A CN101988862B (en) | 2009-07-30 | 2009-07-30 | Method for testing service life of rolling bearings |
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| CN101988862B CN101988862B (en) | 2012-08-01 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102636348A (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2012-08-15 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | High speed bearing tester |
| CN102809487A (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2012-12-05 | 浙江传媒学院 | Mute life testing machine of rolling bearing |
| CN105092246A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2015-11-25 | 江苏核电有限公司 | Rolling bearing assembling training and online detection platform |
| CN105224713A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2016-01-06 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of derated design method of aeromotor intershaft bearing |
| CN106969917A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-07-21 | 兰州理工大学 | The load charger of Tribology in Rolling Bearing experiment |
| CN108318250A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-07-24 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of comprehensive test machine |
| CN113139255A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-07-20 | 河南科技大学 | Ball column joint rotary table bearing fatigue life calculation method |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1180730A1 (en) * | 1984-05-15 | 1985-09-23 | Предприятие П/Я А-1614 | Method of testing rolling bearings for durability |
| JPH0641769B2 (en) * | 1985-02-20 | 1994-06-01 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Plain bearing protection device |
| CN2901291Y (en) * | 2006-04-29 | 2007-05-16 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | External spherical bearing life test machine |
| CN100443876C (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2008-12-17 | 杭州轴承试验研究中心有限公司 | Reinforced test machine for rolling bearing life and reliability and its test method |
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2009
- 2009-07-30 CN CN2009101092029A patent/CN101988862B/en active Active
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102636348B (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2015-07-15 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | High speed bearing tester |
| CN102636348A (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2012-08-15 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | High speed bearing tester |
| CN102809487A (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2012-12-05 | 浙江传媒学院 | Mute life testing machine of rolling bearing |
| CN102809487B (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2014-12-03 | 浙江传媒学院 | Mute life testing machine of rolling bearing |
| CN105092246B (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2018-02-13 | 江苏核电有限公司 | Rolling bearing assembling training and on-line checking platform |
| CN105092246A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2015-11-25 | 江苏核电有限公司 | Rolling bearing assembling training and online detection platform |
| CN105224713B (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2018-08-21 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of derated design method of aero-engine intershaft bearing |
| CN105224713A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2016-01-06 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of derated design method of aeromotor intershaft bearing |
| CN106969917A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-07-21 | 兰州理工大学 | The load charger of Tribology in Rolling Bearing experiment |
| CN106969917B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-11-23 | 兰州理工大学 | The load charger of Tribology in Rolling Bearing test |
| CN108318250A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-07-24 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of comprehensive test machine |
| CN108318250B (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2023-10-31 | 河南科技大学 | Comprehensive testing machine |
| CN113139255A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-07-20 | 河南科技大学 | Ball column joint rotary table bearing fatigue life calculation method |
| CN113139255B (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2022-11-01 | 河南科技大学 | Method for calculating fatigue life of bearing of ball column combined turntable |
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| CN101988862B (en) | 2012-08-01 |
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Effective date of registration: 20220915 Address after: 311200 Wanxiang Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: Wanxiang Qianchao Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518118, Ping Ping Road, Pingshan Town, Longgang District, Guangdong, Shenzhen 3001 Patentee before: BYD Co.,Ltd. |
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