CN102636348B - High speed bearing tester - Google Patents
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- CN102636348B CN102636348B CN201210103079.1A CN201210103079A CN102636348B CN 102636348 B CN102636348 B CN 102636348B CN 201210103079 A CN201210103079 A CN 201210103079A CN 102636348 B CN102636348 B CN 102636348B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high speed bearing tester, wherein the tester is provided with test accompany bearings on the left and right sides of a bearing seat provided with a test bearing, and a bridging frame is arranged between the two test accompany bearings, the bridging frame is pushed and pulled by a radial force applying mechanism to drive a test main shaft to apply a radial load on the test bearing, the axial acting force of the test accompany bearings acting on the bearing seat and the test bearing during the radial loading process is reduced by radial guide mechanisms arranged between the outer rings of the test accompany bearings and the bearing seat so as to act the counterforce of the acting force of the radial force applying mechanism on the test bearing by means of the action of the bearing seat, the radial loading force loaded by the test main shaft on the test bearing is consistently equal to a radial external force applied by the force applying mechanism on the bridging frame, and the radial guide mechanisms eliminate the axial acting force of the test accompany bearings acting on the bearing seat during the radial loading process so as to guarantee more accurate radial load measurement in the invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bearing test technical field, particularly relate to a kind of high-speed bearing testing machine.
Background technology
Along with numerically-controlled machine is towards the development in the directions such as high speed, high precision, high-level efficiency and the feature of environmental protection, the running accuracy of lathe head bearing and the requirement of reliability more and more higher, people also more and more recognize the importance of bearing test.Bearing test is an indispensable important proof procedure in design bearing and manufacture process, according to the actual installation operating mode of bearing, actual motion state on bearing tester, namely the rotating speed of bearing, axial load, radial load and environment temperature, lubricating status etc. operate by actual condition is given, reach predetermined age or to bearing failure.The important parameter that the loaded load of test bearing is tested as bearing tester, its accuracy directly affects the test findings of bearing.
Current Rolling Bearing Testing Machine load mode has following several:
1, lever weight: loading advantage is that structure is simple, does not need load transducer to test, can be determined the size of load by loading counterweight, but be not suitable at a high speed, if the too high meeting of speed causes counterweight to vibrate, cause load unstable, variable load is also inconvenient, is only applicable to durability test, and cost is low.
2, spring loads: the size of load depends on the size of spring and the decrement of spring, and loading range is less, and institute takes up space larger, and cost compare is low, is generally used for special test.
3, hydraulic loaded: this load mode is simple, noiseless, but temperature influence is large, precision is low, by hydraulic jack, bearing is carried out to radial direction and axially loads, radial load and axial load act on piston by hydraulic system, and piston directly applies axial load by axially loading to be enclosed within test bearing, radial load then needs to be loaded into accompanies on examination bearing, be delivered on test bearing by main shaft, according to loading hydraulic jack area, calculate load.Due to the rim effect of hydraulic jack, there is error in actual test, be up to 10% according to statistics.
Application number is that the Chinese invention patent of 200620051114.X discloses a kind of rolling bearing test table, this testing table is by testing main shaft and charger is formed, wherein charger is again be made up of radial and axial charger, radial loading device is in the middle part of test main shaft, axial loading device has two and is in the two ends of test main shaft respectively, and test bearing is installed in the bearing seat of test main shaft two ends installing, and by the block between bearing seat with axial loading device coordinate with stop test bearing test main shaft diameter to movement, but this testing table is because the structure of its middle part input radial loaded power adopted, have the following disadvantages:
1, the radial load that test bearing is subject to is the component of the footpath outward force that radial loading device applies, and testing table inevitably makes the point of application of radial loaded system on test main shaft depart from the centre position of test main shaft in assembling process, thus make footpath outward force different in the size of the component at test main shaft two ends, make the working condition of the test bearing testing the installing of main shaft two ends different, and then the accuracy of bearing test is reduced, and the measurement of radial load on test bearing and the difficulty of conversion are increased, the loading error of radial load on test bearing is increased,
2, when applying radial load by test main shaft to test bearing by radial loading device, the radial force that radial loading device is applied on test main shaft can produce torsional moment to the test bearing being in test main shaft two ends, thus make in the process of radial loaded, test main shaft applies axial force to the inner ring of test bearing, namely can there is axial additional force in the process of radial loaded, the error of radial loaded is increased, the test accuracy of bearing load test is reduced;
3, because radial loading device coordinates with test main axis by loading cover, when needs carry out High speed load test on test bearing, the friction force loaded between cover and test main shaft can cause the temperature testing main shaft sharply to increase, test main shaft is made to produce radial and axial stress to the test main shaft that its two ends are installed, the radial loaded of test bearing is had an impact, causes the radial loaded error of test bearing to increase.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the high-speed bearing testing machine that a kind of test accuracy is high, be intended to solve the problem that the precision of prior art centre bearer testing machine is low.
The technical scheme of high-speed bearing testing machine of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of high-speed bearing testing machine, comprise the test main shaft for installing test bearing, the radial loading device of radial load is applied to test bearing, described radial loading device comprises the bearing seat for installation test bearing coordinated at the radial upper limit testing main shaft with test main shaft, the radial force application mechanism of radial loaded power is applied to main shaft, it is characterized in that: described radial loading device also comprise be installed on test main shaft be in the axially both sides of bearing seat accompany examination bearing, accompany the bridge joint frame of accompanying examination bearing for push-and-pull under the effect of radial force application mechanism two trying bridge joint between bearing for two, the two ends, left and right of described bridge joint frame are connected on two outer rings of accompanying examination bearing, examination bearing is accompanied to coordinate along the radial alignment guiding of test main shaft respectively by the radially-directed mechanism arranged between its outer ring with bearing seat for described two.
Described high-speed bearing testing machine also comprises the axial loading device for applying axial load from the end of test bearing to test bearing, described axial loading device comprises for moving axially with the pushing bracket to test bearing applying axial load by the outer ring of accompanying examination bearing to promote test bearing relative to test main shaft under the effect of axial force, described pushing bracket is connected with the axial force distribution mechanism for applying axial force to pushing bracket, described pushing bracket is in the side of bridge joint frame, and be provided with on pushing bracket for stretch into avoid for the end of test main shaft apply axially to test main shaft and during radial load test main shaft contact with pushing bracket dodge passage.
The side of described bearing seat is provided with for stoping bearing seat relative to the base moved radially of test main shaft, described bearing seat and base are led in left-right direction by the axially directed mechanism arranged between the two and coordinate, described axially directed mechanism comprises the axial linear guide rail device installed between bearing seat and base, and described axial linear guide rail device has along the axially extended guide part of test main shaft and for stoping bearing seat and base at the limiting section of the diametrically movement of test main shaft.
Described axial force distribution mechanism comprises on holder and holder revolves along the axis of test main shaft the axial force distribution screw rod established, one end of described axial force distribution screw rod is assemblied in the end of pushing bracket around the axial rotation testing main shaft by thrust bearing, the other end stretches out from the side of holder.
Described axial loading device also comprises the axial device for measuring force for measuring axial load size that pushing bracket connects, described axial device for measuring force is the pull pressure sensor be installed between thrust bearing and pushing bracket, and described thrust bearing is fixed on the end of pushing bracket by pull pressure sensor.
Described radially-directed mechanism comprises the radial alignment track-type facilities installed between outer ring and bearing seat of accompanying and trying bearing, and described radial alignment track-type facilities has along the guide part of the radial direction extension of test main shaft and for stoping the limiting section of the axial relative movement of outer ring and the bearing seat edge test main shaft of accompanying examination bearing.
The radial direction force screw rod established is revolved along the radial direction of test main shaft in the middle part that described radial force application mechanism comprises bridge joint frame, one end of described radial direction force screw rod is assemblied on the periphery of bearing seat by thrust bearing around the radial rotating of test main shaft, and the other end stretches out from the side of bridge joint frame.
Described radial loading device also comprises the radial device for measuring force for measuring radial load size that bridge joint frame connects, described radial device for measuring force is the pull pressure sensor be installed between thrust bearing and bearing seat, and described thrust bearing is fixed on the periphery of bearing seat by pull pressure sensor.
Described test main shaft is provided with the inner ring cooling structure for the inner ring cooling test bearing by test bearing, described inner ring cooling structure comprises the import and export joint arranged respectively along the two ends of its axially extended axially extending bore and axially extending bore that test main shaft is offered, described import and export joint is all connected to the end of test main shaft by swivel adapter head, and is communicated with described axially extending bore.
Described bearing seat is provided with for the outer ring cooling structure by the outer ring of test bearing cooling test bearing, and described outer ring cooling structure comprises the cooling duct of the annular that the circumference along bearing seat that the perisporium of bearing seat is offered extends and the import be communicated with cooling duct respectively and outlet.
The present invention is provided with in the left and right sides of the bearing seat being equiped with test bearing and accompanies examination bearing, and accompany bridge joint between examination bearing to have bridge joint frame at two, by radial force application mechanism push-and-pull bridge joint frame to make to accompany examination bearing motoring ring test main shaft to apply radial load to test bearing, examination bearing is accompanied to act on axial force on bearing seat and test bearing when reducing radial loaded by accompanying the radially-directed mechanism arranged between the examination outer ring of bearing and bearing seat, in use, in radial loading device, the acting force of radial force application mechanism is successively by bridge joint frame, examination bearing and test main shaft is accompanied to be applied on test bearing, and test bearing be in two accompany examination bearing between, and can not be moved radially relative to test main shaft by bearing seat warranty test bearing, ensure bearing seat by radially-directed mechanism and accompany just relative movement in the radial direction of test main shaft between examination bearing, thus the reacting force of the acting force making radial force application mechanism apply is applied on test bearing by the effect of bearing seat, when test bearing is when testing the installation site on main shaft and changing, although two acting forces of accompanying examination bearing to act on test main shaft can accompany the distance of examination bearing to change along with distance, but the footpath outward force equal and opposite in direction be applied to force application mechanism all the time by the test main shaft radial loaded power be carried on test bearing on bridge joint frame, and radially-directed mechanism can eliminate and accompany examination bearing to act on axial force on bearing seat during radial loaded, accompany examination bearing can reduce the thermal value tested main shaft and produce in high-speed rotation process, thus make the measurement of radial load in the present invention more accurate, and the conversion of measuring rear radial load suffered by test bearing is simple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of radial loading device in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of axial loading device in Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is the syndeton schematic diagram of Fig. 2 bottom bracket and base;
Fig. 7 is the close-up schematic view at B place in Fig. 2;
Fig. 8 is the close-up schematic view at C place in Fig. 2.
Embodiment
The embodiment of high-speed bearing testing machine of the present invention: as shown in Figures 1 to 8, this testing machine comprises test main shaft 1, charger 2, inner ring cooling structure 3, outer ring cooling structure 4, electric main shaft device 5, wherein, electric main shaft device 5 and charger 2 are separately positioned on the two ends, left and right of test main shaft 1, inner ring cooling structure arranges 3 on test main shaft 1, and outer ring cooling structure 4 is arranged on charger 2.
Described charger 2 by base 201, bearing seat 202, accompany examination bearing 203, radial loading device 204 and axial loading device 205 form.Wherein, accompany examination bearing 203 to have two, and be installed in the left and right sides of bearing seat 202 respectively.Bearing seat 202 is by supporting body 212 on the outer ring being fixed on test bearing 6, floating bearing bracket 222 fixing on the periphery of interior supporting body 212, the rear and front end of floating bearing bracket 222 is consisted of the front and back bearings lid 232 that screw is fixing, the both sides, front and back of floating bearing bracket 222 are respectively arranged with a sliding wedge 242, sliding wedge 242 is coordinated along testing the axially directed of main shaft 1 by the axial linear guide rail device 206 arranged between the two with base 201, this axial linear guide rail device 206 has along the axially extended guide part of test main shaft 1 and for stoping bearing seat 202 and base 201 at the limiting section of the diametrically movement of test main shaft 1, sliding wedge 242 and the radial alignment track-type facilities 252 of accompanying examination bearing 203 to pass through to install between the two coordinate along the radially-directed testing main shaft 1, and radial alignment track-type facilities 252 has along the guide part of the radial direction extension of test main shaft 1 and for stoping bearing seat 202 and the limiting section of accompanying examination bearing 203 in the axial relative movement of test main shaft 1.
Radial loading device 204 accompanies the radial force application mechanism 224 of connection on the bridge joint frame 214 of setting between examination bearing 203 and bridge joint frame 214 and device for measuring force 234 to form by two, wherein, bridge joint frame 214 by be fixed on accompany examination bearing 203 outer ring on accompany examination bearing seat 244, bridge joint two accompany examination bearing seat 244 on radial struts 254 form, the described both sides, front and back of examination bearing seat 244 of accompanying are provided with radial alignment guide rail bearing 264, and radial alignment track-type facilities 252 is installed on this radial alignment guide rail bearing 264, radial force application mechanism 224 is by revolving the radial direction force screw rod 274 be located in the middle part of radial struts 254 along the vertical direction, the thrust bearing 284 of one end connection of radial force screw rod 274 and the other end of radial force screw rod 274 revolve the set nut 294 established and form, described thrust bearing 284 is for turning disk-like structure, thrust bearing 284 is installed in the thrust shaft block 2004 of the upper end open at the middle part being arranged on radial bearing 254, and the thrust bearing cap 2014 be fixed with by screw in the upper end of thrust shaft block 2004 for stoping thrust bearing 284 to be deviate from thrust shaft block 2004, described thrust bearing cap 2014 offers the through hole stretched into for the radial lower end exerting a force screw rod 274, the lower end of radial force screw rod 274 is in thrust shaft block 2004, and be provided with for coordinating the baffle plate 2024 stoping the radial lower end exerting a force screw rod 274 to be deviate from thrust shaft block 2004 with the lower surface block of thrust bearing 284 at 274 inserting ends of radial direction force screw rod, the mount pad 2044 that the bottom that radial device for measuring force 234 comprises the pull pressure sensor 2034 and pull pressure sensor 2034 arranged between thrust shaft block 2004 and bearing seat 202 is arranged, the upper end of described pull pressure sensor 2034 is fixed on thrust shaft block 2004, lower end is fixed on the periphery of bearing seat 202 by mount pad 2044, thus make radial force application mechanism 224 be fixed on the periphery of bearing seat 202 by radial device for measuring force 234, and the radial direction be provided with in pull pressure sensor 2034 for exporting the radial load measured by pulling force sensor 2034 detects interface 2054.
The axial device for measuring force 2074 that the pushing bracket 2064 that axial loading device 205 is arranged by the right side of bridge joint frame, the right side of pushing bracket 2064 set gradually and axial force distribution mechanism 2084 are formed, wherein, right-hand member pushing bracket 2064 offered for test main shaft 1 stretch into and test main shaft 1 axially with make the right-hand member of test main shaft 1 not contact with pushing bracket 2064 during radial motion dodge passage 2094, axial force distribution mechanism 2084 is by holder 2104, holder 2104 revolves in left-right direction the axial force distribution screw rod 2114 established, the thrust bearing 2124 of one end connection of axial force distribution screw rod 2114 and the other end of axial force distribution screw rod 2124 revolve the set nut 2134 established and form, the right-hand member of described axial force distribution screw rod 2124 passes in the through hole extended in left-right direction that holder 2104 is offered, described thrust bearing 2124 is installed in the thrust shaft block 2144 of right-end openings, and be fixed with thrust bearing cap 2154 for sealing up its opening at the right-hand member of thrust shaft block 2144 by screw, thrust bearing cap 2154 offers the through hole for passing for the left end of axial force distribution screw rod, the left end of axial force distribution screw rod 2124 stretches in thrust shaft block 2144 by this through hole, and stop axial force distribution screw rod 2124 to be deviate from thrust shaft block 2144 by the stop catch plate 2164 that the end of its inserting end is arranged, the mount pad 2184 that the left end that axial device for measuring force 2074 comprises the pull pressure sensor 2174 and pull pressure sensor 2174 arranged between axial force distribution mechanism 2084 and pushing bracket 2064 is arranged, the right-hand member of pull pressure sensor 2174 is fixed on thrust shaft block 2144, left end is fixed on the right-hand member of pushing bracket 2064 by mount pad 2184, and the axial tension be provided with in pull pressure sensor 2174 for exporting the axial load measured by pull pressure sensor 2174 detects interface 2194.
The electro spindle joint 502 that the right-hand member of the electro spindle 501 that coaxially arranges of left end and electro spindle 501 that described electric main shaft device 5 comprises test main shaft 1 is fixedly connected with by screw, wherein the right-hand member of electro spindle joint 502 is provided with the flange arranged with the left end testing main shaft 501 and coincide the flange of fitting, the right-hand member flange of electro spindle 501 and the left end flange of test main shaft 1 offer the bolt hole be interconnected, and makes this pair flange be configured for connecting the spring coupling of electro spindle 5 and test main shaft 1 by this bolt nylon rope 503 worn in hole.
The water outlet joint 303 that described inner ring cooling structure 3 comprises test main shaft 1, the left end of electro spindle 501 and the central through hole 301 extended vertically be interconnected that electro spindle joint 502 is offered, electro spindle 501 is connected by swivel adapter head 302 and the water inlet connection 304 that the right-hand member of test main shaft 1 is connected by swivel adapter head 302, wherein two swivel adapter heads 302 are separately fixed on electro spindle 501 and test main shaft 1, and water inlet connection 304 is installed in pushing bracket 2064 is offered dodge in passage 2094; The junction of electro spindle joint 502 and test main shaft 1 is provided with the copper pipe 305 be sticked on the inwall of central through hole 301, is communicated with by this copper pipe 305 with the center pit 301 of test main shaft 1 to make the center pit 301 of electro spindle joint 502.
Described outer ring cooling structure 4 comprises the entery and delivery port 402,403 be communicated with annular cooling water groove 401 that the perisporium of two spaced apart annular cooling water grooves 401 arranged side by side and floating bearing bracket 222 that the periphery of interior supporting body 212 is offered is offered, and the temperature survey interface 404 for installing temperature measuring equipment be interconnected can be provided with on the perisporium of floating bearing bracket 222 and interior supporting body 212, and two annular cooling water grooves 401 are communicated with by the through slot 405 offered between the two.
The present invention is when radial loaded, manually spanner rotation radial force screw rod 274 makes it be in extended state, and be locked in extended state by set nut 294 screw rod 274 that radial direction to be exerted a force, and the pulling force of radial force suffered by screw rod 274 can pass through thrust bearing 284, thrust shaft block 2004 and thrust bearing cap 2014 act in pull pressure sensor 2034, because pull pressure sensor 2034 is by mount pad 2044, bearing seat 202 and base 201 are fixed on test platform, thus can by the radial size detecting the footpath outward force that interface 2054 outputting radial force application mechanism produces, simultaneously, radial force screw rod 274 can apply a downward acting force to radial struts 254, this downward acting force can successively by accompanying examination bearing seat 244, accompany examination bearing 203 and test main shaft 1 and act on test bearing 6, thus reach the object applying radial load to test bearing 6.Applying in the process of radial load to test bearing 6, the limiting section of the radial alignment guide piece 252 that the left and right sides of sliding wedge 242 is arranged can stop bearing seat 202 to try bearing 203 relative movement in the lateral direction with accompanying, avoid applying axial load on test bearing 6, and then improve the accuracy of test bearing 6 radial loaded test, thus the radial load that test bearing loads can be calculated according to computing formula below, concrete test formula is as follows:
In formula: Fr is the radial load acting on test bearing 6; The pulling force of σ r suffered by radial force screw rod 274; G is radial loading device 204 and the gravity sum of accompanying examination bearing 6; ε is the friction force on radial alignment guide piece 252; μ is the friction coefficient of radial alignment guide piece 252, and ω is for acting on the pressure suffered by radial alignment guide piece 252; κ is the oil-scrapping sheet resistance of radial alignment guide piece 252.Be zero owing to acting on vertical diameter to the pressure of the direction of motion of linear guide rail device 252, and the oil-scrapping sheet resistance κ of radial alignment track-type facilities 252 can measure and draws, σ r is directly read by pull pressure sensor 2034, and G also can measure and draw.Draw the accurate radial force Fr acting on test bearing 6 thus.According to the gapless kinetic characteristic of radial alignment track-type facilities that above-below direction extends, known at test main shaft 1 under the operating mode of vibrations, this radial direction accurately charger can not produce extraneous vibration to affect the loading of radial load to testing bearing 6.
The present invention is when axially loading, manually spanner axial rotary force screw rod 2114 is to make thrust axial force distribution screw rod 2114 produced left, this thrust is successively by thrust bearing 2124, thrust shaft block 2144, pull pressure sensor 2174 and pushing bracket 2064 act on accompanying on the right side of bearing seat 202 and try on bearing seat 244, thus by accompany examination bearing seat 244 left extrusion axis bearing 202 apply left to test bearing 6 axial load, and the inner ring relative movement of two test bearings 6 is stoped by the bearing spacer arranged between both test bearings 6, the axial thrust suffered by axial force distribution screw rod 2114 is exported by the axis detection interface 2194 that pull pressure sensor 2174 is arranged.In whole axial loading procedure, bearing seat 202 can stop bearing seat 202 and base relative movement in the vertical direction along with axial linear guide rail device 206, improve the accuracy that test bearing 6 axially loads, thus the axial load that test bearing 6 loads can be calculated according to computing formula below, concrete test formula is as follows:
In formula, Fa is the axial load acting on test bearing 6, and σ a is the axial force on axial force distribution screw rod 2114, and ε is friction force on axial linear guide rail device 206, μ is the friction coefficient of axial linear guide rail device 206, and ω is for acting on the pressure suffered by axial linear guide rail device 206; κ is the oil-scrapping sheet resistance of axial linear guide rail device 206.As shown in Figure 1 ω equal bearing seat 202, test bearing 6 and axial loading device gravity and, draw the accurate axial force F a acting on test bearing 6 thus.According to the gapless kinetic characteristic of axial linear guide rail device 206, known bearing seat 202 can not produce extraneous vibration on axial linear guide rail device 206.Under operating mode that is radial, that axially simultaneously load, axial force can try bearing seat 244 place to accompanying after axial linear guide rail device 206() produce load ω.By
known, ε can become large.But μ is about 0.004 known, as axial force loads 100KG simultaneously, the increase of 0.4 KG only can be produced to ε; According to formula
calculate, the impact of loading on radial force of axial force is less than percent 0.4, can ignore.
The present invention in use, connects circulating water line by the entery and delivery port joint testing main shaft 1 two ends, can realize injecting recirculated cooling water by test main shaft 1, thus realizes cooling the inner ring of the test bearing 6 be installed on test main shaft 1; Also can by the entery and delivery port 402,403 that floating bearing bracket 222 is offered, recirculated cooling water is injected in bearing seat 202, and by the temperature of the temperature measuring equipment of installing on temperature survey interface 406 monitoring test bearing 6 outer ring constantly, thus realizing the monitoring constantly of the outer ring of test bearing 6 and cooling, the heat of friction between the Internal and external cycle reducing test bearing 6 in bearing test process is on the impact of whole simulation test.
The present invention in use, described improvement of loading unit bridge architecture, examination bearing 203 is accompanied to be placed on the two ends of test main shaft 1 in two covers, and two cover test bearings 6 are put into the centre of test main shaft 1, and in conventional bridge architecture testing machine, two cover test bearings are at test main shaft two ends, two covers accompany examination bearing in the centre of test main shaft, by to accompany examination bearing radial loaded, radial force is delivered on test bearing 6 by main shaft.Testing machine after improvement is more convenient for the replacing handling of test bearing, and it is high to retain bridge architecture machining precision, is applicable to high speed test.
The radial accurately charger of described testing machine is realized by a set of radial loading device of design, in radial loading device 204, radial force screw rod 274 mode manually regulates, and radial force screw rod 274 and being threaded between radial bearing 254 ensure that rotates radial direction exert a force screw rod 274 time radial load loading accuracy, and stress state can be locked at by set nut 294 screw rod 274 that radial direction to be exerted a force, pulling force acts on floating bearing bracket 222, and reaction force acts is in radial bearing 254.Before and after radial bearing 254, examination bearing seat 244 accompanied by dress, and accompany dress in examination bearing seat 244 to accompany examination bearing 203, reacting force is passed to by this channel and accompanies on examination bearing 203.Accompany between examination bearing seat 244 and bearing seat 202 and be equiped with the miniature linear guide rail device extended along upper phase direction, to make to accompany examination bearing seat 244 to fluctuate.Acting force accompanies examination bearing 203 to be applied on test main shaft 1 by front and back, is formed just to the radial force of test bearing 6.Linear guide rail device has that sound friction force gap is little, and trackability is fabulous, and friction factor is reduced to 1/50 of the coefficient of sliding friction, gapless motion and assembling easily, the advantages such as interchangeability is good.Utilize the above-mentioned advantage of linear guide rail device, can well realize accurately loading the radial force of test bearing 6, pull pressure sensor 2034 is connected with computing machine and the loading force data detected directly can be shown and store.
Described charger is a set of axial loading device by design, and bearing seat 202 is loaded on and linear guide rail device forms axial float to realize.Test bearing 6, interior supporting body 212 and floating bearing bracket 222 form testing machine body 7, and testing machine body 7 is loaded on line slideway and forms floating testing machine body 7.In axial loading device, axial force distribution screw rod 2114 manually rotates regulating shaft to loaded load, and ensure the precision of axial load by being threaded between axial force distribution screw rod 2114 and holder, by set nut, axial force distribution screw rod 2114 is locked in charger, pressure acts on floating bearing bracket 222 by pushing bracket 2064, float testing machine body due to axial loading, is axially producing mobile trend.The accurate loading that axial force is finally formed test bearing 6 axis in test main shaft effect and electro spindle, pull pressure sensor is connected with computing machine and the loading force data detected directly can be shown and store.
The bearing inner race cooling structure of described testing machine is the hollow structure of the test main shaft 1 by design, the hollow design of standard electric main shaft, electro spindle is connected by copper pipe with test main shaft, realizes by being assemblied in the bearing rotation joint of electro spindle one end face and test main shaft one end face.Test main shaft is connected with standard electric main shaft and is realized by the distortion of copper pipe and spring coupling, and this interface shape had both ensured that chilled water well sealed, and realizing again connecting interface and can float or fix, is very unique interface shape.
The bearing outer ring cooling structure of described testing machine is realized by the floating bearing bracket 222 of design and interior supporting body.Floating bearing bracket 222 is connected with interior supporting body interference, digs two grooves at interior supporting body outside surface, forms Inlet and outlet water loop; Floating bearing bracket 222 there is Inlet and outlet water connector interface, the cooling water circulation of supporting body outside surface in realizing.Interior supporting body is directly connected with test bearing 6 outer ring, and heat exchange pattern forms the cooling to test bearing 6 outer ring.
The temperature survey of the bearing of described testing machine is at floating bearing bracket 222, interior supporting body processes the hole that can lead directly to test bearing 6, and the gauge head of temperature sensor is direct contact test bearing 6 through hole, thus measures test bearing 6 temperature.Can realize without cooling or different cooling by above-mentioned functions according to different test conditions, identical cooling velocity but different temperatures bearing temperature rise situation; Different Diameter to, the bearing temperature rise situation that axial force loads or loads separately simultaneously, thus realizes the simulation of bearing various working.
Owing to adopting technical scheme described above, the present invention has following superiority:
1, testing machine of the present invention adopts and improves bridge-type supporting mechanism, radial force vertically acts on bearing by test axle, without component angle, bearing ball can not depart from centre symmetry line, test findings can not produce the phenomenon that bearing ball groove side wear affects test findings, testing machine after improvement is more convenient for the replacing handling of bearing, and it is high to retain bridge architecture machining precision, is applicable to the advantages such as high speed test;
2, present invention, avoiding cantilever bearings testing machine due to structural limitations formation cantilever moment of torsion, bearing radial force is caused to load and bearing axis angulation, radial force forms component and affects axial force, test findings often bearing ball groove departs from the wearing and tearing of centre symmetry line position, be not inconsistent with real work, condition, and can not cool by inner ring;
3, testing machine of the present invention achieves accurate loading by the minimum friction of line slideway, and utilize the assembling of line slideway easy, the advantage that interchangeability is good realizes the universal serial of this testing machine load maintainer;
4, the present invention is owing to have employed line slideway, avoids the rim effect of hydraulic jack and leakage of oil to environment, makes loading error less, and has that load mode is simple, noiseless, the advantage that temperature influence is little;
5, the general electro spindle of testing machine of the present invention selects interface shape that is fixing or that float by flexible copper tubing and spring coupling and test main shaft, realizes test bearing 6 inner ring refrigerating function, can better dispel the heat, control temperature rise.And this design does not affect bridge-type bearing tester is axially loaded with, overcome bridge-type bearing tester and axially load and mostly be oil cylinder or spring device, the shortcoming of inner ring cooling can not be realized;
6, testing machine of the present invention due to its various functions independent and be independent of each other; bearing outer ring temperature directly measured by temperature sensor; pressure transducer directly measures axial force and radial force, is automatically shown and record data by computing machine, and abnormal shutdown of can reporting to the police appears in process of the test.
In the above-described embodiments, radial and axial force screw rod manually spanner rotates, in other embodiments, the external part of radial and axial force screw rod also can be fixed for the first run of rotation urging screw rod, thus makes user can rotate the first run easily to rotate force screw rod input loaded load.
In the above-described embodiments, radial force application mechanism is made up of exert a force screw rod, thrust bearing, set nut, thrust shaft block and thrust bearing cap of radial direction, in other embodiments, radial force application mechanism also can adopt if application number is the radial force application mechanism of 200620051114.X, wherein, holder in radial force application mechanism should be fixed on the periphery of bearing seat, and the lower end of radial force screw rod should be fixed on bridge joint frame; Or radial force application mechanism is made up of cylinder or hydraulic cylinder, corresponding, the cylinder body of cylinder or hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the periphery of bearing seat, piston rod is hinged on bridge joint frame, in use, applies radial load by the stretching motion of cylinder or hydraulic cylinder to test bearing.
In the above-described embodiments, axial strength mechanism is made up of axial force distribution screw rod, holder and thrust bearing component, in other embodiments, axial force distribution mechanism also can be made up of cylinder or hydraulic cylinder, wherein, the cylinder body of cylinder or hydraulic cylinder is fixed on testing table, and piston rod is hinged on the right-hand member of pushing bracket, in use, axial load is applied by the stretching motion of this cylinder or hydraulic cylinder to test bearing.
In the above-described embodiments, device for measuring force is formed primarily of pull pressure sensor, and in other embodiments, this device for measuring force also can be common dynamometer, in use, the numeral that user can be shown by dynamometer observes the size of corresponding load intuitively; This pull pressure sensor also can be replaced with SMD pulling force or pressure transducer, and in use, the sensor for radial loading device is sticked at bridge joint frame, and the sensor for axial loading device is sticked at pushing bracket.
In the above-described embodiments, it is the electric main shaft device of the left end connection testing main shaft for driving the propulsion system of test main axis, in other embodiments, this electric main shaft device also can be replaced with engine and speed reduction unit, corresponding, engine is biased in the side of test main shaft, and be connected with test spindle drive by speed reduction unit, corresponding, this is in transmission connection and can adopts belt gear, the mode that is in transmission connection conventional in the prior art such as Chain conveyer or gear drive, and for being arranged on entering of test main shaft two ends, water outlet joint is then connected directly between the end of test main shaft by swivel adapter head.
In the above-described embodiments, between bearing seat and base and to accompany between examination bearing seat and bearing seat be all coordinated by direct track-type facilities guiding, in other embodiments, this linear guide rail device also can be replaced with linear bearing or common guide rail guiding mechanism, corresponding, the disconnecting prevention structure for stoping both relative movements in the vertical direction should be added between base and bearing seat, this disconnecting prevention structure can be made up of the groove arranged corresponding on the hook that base is arranged and bearing seat, also can be made up of the slippage passage that the left and right sides of the slide block of two ends, the left and right projection bottom bearing seat and base upwards the picking up the ears of projection are offered, corresponding slide block leads in the lateral direction with slippage passage and coordinates, block coordinates in the vertical direction.
In the above-described embodiments, for connecting the electro spindle joint of electro spindle and test main shaft by being located in the nylon rope floating connection in the bolt hole of electro spindle joint right-hand member flange and test main shaft left end flange, thus the right-hand member flange of electro spindle joint is connected by coordinating to form with nylon rope with the left end flange of test main shaft, both realize shaft coupling transmission dynamic action, also realize cooling effect.When not needing bearing inner race to cool, this nylon rope also can be replaced with caoutchouc elasticity bolt; In addition, when not needing bearing inner race to cool, electro spindle and test main shaft also directly can carry out floating connection by conventional spring coupling.
Claims (9)
1. a high-speed bearing testing machine, comprise the test main shaft for installing test bearing, the radial loading device of radial load is applied to test bearing, described radial loading device comprises the bearing seat for installation test bearing coordinated at the radial upper limit testing main shaft with test main shaft, the radial force application mechanism of radial loaded power is applied to test main shaft, it is characterized in that: described radial loading device also comprise be installed on test main shaft be in the axially both sides of bearing seat accompany examination bearing, accompany the bridge joint frame of accompanying examination bearing for push-and-pull under the effect of radial force application mechanism two trying bridge joint between bearing for two, in described radial loading device, the acting force of radial force application mechanism is successively by bridge joint frame, examination bearing and test main shaft is accompanied to be applied on test bearing, the two ends, left and right of described bridge joint frame are connected on two outer rings of accompanying examination bearing, accompanying between the outer ring of examination bearing and bearing seat for described two is respectively arranged with for ensureing bearing seat and accompanying the radially-directed mechanism trying just relative movement in the radial direction testing main shaft between bearing, two accompany examination bearing to coordinate along the radial alignment guiding of test main shaft respectively by radially-directed mechanism, and the inner ring cooling structure be provided with on test main shaft for the inner ring cooling test bearing by test bearing, what inner ring cooling structure comprised that two ends along its axially extended axially extending bore and axially extending bore that test main shaft is offered arrange respectively enters, outlet connection, enter, outlet connection is all connected to the end of test main shaft by swivel adapter head, and be communicated with axially extending bore.
2. high-speed bearing testing machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high-speed bearing testing machine also comprises the axial loading device for applying axial load from the end of test bearing to test bearing, described axial loading device comprises for moving axially with the pushing bracket to test bearing applying axial load by the outer ring of accompanying examination bearing to promote test bearing relative to test main shaft under the effect of axial force, described pushing bracket is connected with the axial force distribution mechanism for applying axial force to pushing bracket, described pushing bracket is in the side of bridge joint frame, and be provided with on pushing bracket for stretch into avoid for the end of test main shaft apply axially to test main shaft and during radial load test main shaft contact with pushing bracket dodge passage.
3. high-speed bearing testing machine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the side of described bearing seat is provided with for stoping bearing seat relative to the base moved radially of test main shaft, described bearing seat and base are led in left-right direction by the axially directed mechanism arranged between the two and coordinate, described axially directed mechanism comprises the axial linear guide rail device installed between bearing seat and base, described axial linear guide rail device has along the axially extended guide part of test main shaft and for stoping bearing seat and base at the limiting section of the diametrically movement of test main shaft.
4. high-speed bearing testing machine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described axial force distribution mechanism comprises on holder and holder revolves along the axis of test main shaft the axial force distribution screw rod established, one end of described axial force distribution screw rod is assemblied in the end of pushing bracket around the axial rotation testing main shaft by thrust bearing, the other end stretches out from the side of holder.
5. high-speed bearing testing machine according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described axial loading device also comprises the axial device for measuring force for measuring axial load size that pushing bracket connects, described axial device for measuring force is the pull pressure sensor be installed between thrust bearing and pushing bracket, and described thrust bearing is fixed on the end of pushing bracket by pull pressure sensor.
6. high-speed bearing testing machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described radially-directed mechanism comprises the radial alignment track-type facilities installed between outer ring and bearing seat of accompanying and trying bearing, described radial alignment track-type facilities has along the guide part of the radial direction extension of test main shaft and for stoping the limiting section of the axial relative movement of outer ring and the bearing seat edge test main shaft of accompanying examination bearing.
7. high-speed bearing testing machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the radial direction force screw rod established is revolved along the radial direction of test main shaft in the middle part that described radial force application mechanism comprises bridge joint frame, one end of described radial direction force screw rod is assemblied on the periphery of bearing seat by thrust bearing around the radial rotating of test main shaft, and the other end stretches out from the side of bridge joint frame.
8. high-speed bearing testing machine according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described radial loading device also comprises the radial device for measuring force for measuring radial load size that bridge joint frame connects, described radial device for measuring force is the pull pressure sensor be installed between thrust bearing and bearing seat, and described thrust bearing is fixed on the periphery of bearing seat by pull pressure sensor.
9. the high-speed bearing testing machine according to claim 1 to 8 any one, it is characterized in that: described bearing seat is provided with for the outer ring cooling structure by the outer ring of test bearing cooling test bearing, described outer ring cooling structure comprises the cooling duct of the annular that the circumference along bearing seat that the perisporium of bearing seat is offered extends and the import be communicated with cooling duct respectively and outlet.
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| CN201210103079.1A CN102636348B (en) | 2012-04-10 | 2012-04-10 | High speed bearing tester |
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